1.

1 INTRODUCTION

Every business enterprise wishes to improve the job satisfaction level of employees as much

as possible within their particular constraint and resource allowance. As can be seen from the

number of theories, illustrations and conditions, most of which are extremely fluid, there

appears to be numerous motivators and demotivators that can improve or reduce satisfaction

levels and thereby influence both motivation and performance.

A proper salary and reward system that is beneficial to employees, eminently fair, impartial

towards gender or ethnicity and which promises rewards in terms of money and career

advancement are the first and foremost requirement for ensuring job satisfaction in the work

place.

The provision of the workplace which is co-operative and where employees are cherished is

essential for job satisfaction. This requirement is needful in many ways and includes the

prevention of harassment, involvement of employees in real goal setting, planning and

problem solving, showing respect for diverse ideas and opinions, giving and taking honest

and constructive feedback, arranging mentor facilities, and sharing as much information as

possible with employees.

The level of job satisfaction may be improved by providing opportunities for challenging

assignments, considering rearrangements so that employee’s strength aligns with position

requirements, providing meaningful work with restructuring of positions as and when

necessary and possible, providing public recognition of efforts and achievement, giving

employees additional responsibilities and the freedom to take action, explaining why

assignments are important to the accomplishment, providing opportunities to learn new

things and supporting developmental assignment and also on-the- job training. Satisfying

jobs are those where workers have autonomy in choosing procedures, where feed-back is

received concerning the effectiveness and work impact, and where the work has some social

significance that makes an important contribution to a product or service.

1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The following are the main objectives of the present study

1. To evaluate the level of Job satisfaction among teachers working in

higher secondary schools in Kanyakumari district.

2. To identify the factors influencing job satisfaction of higher secondary

school teachers in Kanyakumari district.

3. To examine the relationship between the attitude of higher secondary

school teachers towards teaching and job satisfaction.

4. To analyze the impact of socio-economic variables on job satisfaction

of higher secondary school teachers.

5. To examine the extent of influence of management policies and

welfare measures on teaching and Job satisfaction of the higher secondary school

teachers.

1.3 METHODOLOGY

This study is an empirical study. Both primary and secondary data are used for the study.

The primary data are collected with the help of a questionnaire from the higher secondary

school teachers working in Kanyakumari district. The secondary data are also used to

evaluate the job satisfaction and its impact on working environments. The secondary data are

collected from Journals, Reports, Magazines, District Educational Hand Book, Newspapers

and Manuscripts, which are related to relevant data and information for the study on job

satisfaction of higher secondary school teachers in Kanyakumari district.

 1.4 SAMPLING DESIGN

Random sampling method has been adopted for choosing the samples from Nagercoil,

Kuzhithurai, Thuckalay educational districts in Kanyakumari district. Data are collected from 5%

of the population (7500 x 5/100), therefore the total number of the sample size is 375.

MECHANISM FOR SAMPLE SIZE ANALYSIS

Total No. of Teachers Sample Size

S. No Educational districts Percentage

1 Nagercoil 3680 5% 184

2 Kuzhithurai 1600 5% 80

3 Thuckalay 2220 5% 111

4 Kanyakumari 7500 5% 375

Source: District Chief Educational Office, Nagercoil.

1.5 COLLECTION OF DATA

The required information was collected through a questionnaire. The questionnaire was

administered to the higher secondary school teachers individually after establishing proper rapport

with them. They were explained the purpose and importance of the study and the way in which

they have to answer different items. Sufficient time was given to the teachers to respond to the

items.

1.6 TOOLS FOR ANALYSIS

A master table was prepared for entering the information of each respondent and small cross tables

were also made from the master table for analysis. Besides, the collected data were analyzed by

using relevant statistical techniques like Mean, Standard Deviation, Correlation Co-efficient,

ANOVA, Factor analysis and Regression analysis.

 2.1 MEASUREMENT OF JOB SATISFACTION

For every statement, five choices namely, strongly agree, agree, no opinion, disagree, and strongly

disagree were given to the respondents for measuring their responses. The scores allotted for every

statement are strongly agree- 5, agree- 4, no opinion-3, disagree -2 and strongly disagree-1

If the respondent gives his opinion as 'strongly agree' for all the

20 statements the respondent's total score will be 100 (i.e. 20x5). If the respondent marks 'agree'

for all the 20 statements the respondent’s total score will be 80 (i.e. 4x20).

If the respondent ticks 'no opinion’ for all the 20 statements the respondent’s total score will be 60

(i.e. (3x20) and, if the respondent selects 'disagree' for all the 20 statements the respondent's total

score will be 40 (2x20), If the respondent marks ‘strongly disagree’ for all the 20 statements the

respondent’s total score will be 20 (i.e. 1x20). For all the statements the maximum score one can

get is 100 and the minimum score i s 20.

3.1 MEASUREMENT OF JOB SATISFACTION OF HIGHER SECONDARY

SCHOOL TEACHERS IN NAGERCOIL EDUCATIONAL DISTRICT

Out of the total 58 higher secondary schools in Nagercoil educational district, there are 19

Government higher secondary schools, 17 aided higher secondary schools, and 22 self-financing

higher secondary schools. The total number of respondents is 184. The scores level of job

satisfaction of higher secondary school teachers in Nagercoil educational district is shown as

below in table 1.
 Table - 1

CLASSIFICATION OF THE RESPONDENTS ON THE BASIS OF THEIR SCORES

LEVEL IN NAGERCOIL EDUCATIONAL DISTRICT

Scores of job
S. No. No. of Respondents Percentage
Satisfaction

1. below 30 5 2.7

2. 30 to 45 126 68.5

3. 45 to 60 36 19.6

4. 60 to 75 3 1.6

5. 75 to 90 14 7.6

Total 184 100

Source: Primary Data

It can be seen from table 1 that among 184 respondents, 68.5 percent have the job satisfaction

scores between 30 and 45,19.6 percent of the respondents have the job satisfaction scores between

45 and 60, only 1.6 percent of the respondents have the job satisfaction scores between 60 and 75.

The maximum scores of 75 to 90 have been obtained by 7.6 percent of the respondents. The

minimum scores of below 30 have been obtained by 2.7 percent of the respondents. Table 2 shows

the statistical analysis on job satisfaction.

Table - 2

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS ON JOB SATISFACTION

Statistical Analysis Scores

Mean 44.87

Standard Deviation 12.95

Source: Primary Data

It is clear from table 3.2 that the mean scores of the sample respondents are worked out to be

44.87 and the standard deviation is 12.95. In order to determine the extent of job satisfaction, the

arithmetic mean and the standard deviation are used. The scores of the arithmetic mean plus

standard deviation come to 57.82. The arithmetic mean minus standard deviation comes to 31.92

and the classification of the respondents is made on the basis of their scores level. The level of job

satisfaction is also illustrated with the help of the following table 3.

Table- 3

LEVEL OF JOB SATISFACTION

No. of Respondents
S. No. Level of job satisfaction Percentage

1. Low 13 7.1

2. Moderate 149 81.0

3. High 22 12.0

Total 184 100

Source: Primary Data

Table 3.3 clearly shows that among 184 respondents the level of job satisfaction of 22 teachers (12

percent) is high, 149 teachers (81 percent) have moderate satisfaction towards their job and the

remaining 13 teachers (7 percent) have low level of job satisfaction.

4.1 MEASUREMENT OF JOB SATISFACTION OF HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL

TEACHERS IN KUZHITHURAI EDUCATIONAL DISTRICT

Out of the total 65 higher secondary schools in Kuzhithurai educational district, there are 16

Government higher secondary schools, 29 aided higher secondary schools, and 20 self-financing

higher secondary schools. The total number of respondents is 80. The scores level of job

satisfaction of higher secondary school teachers in Kuzhithurai educational district is given in

table 4.

Table - 4

CLASSIFICATION OF THE RESPONDENTS ON THE BASIS OF THEIR SCORES

LEVEL IN KUZHITHURAI EDCATIONAL DISTRICT

Score of Job Satisfaction No. of Respondents

S.No. Percentage

1. below 30 1 1.3

2. 30 to 45 63 78.8

3. 45 to 60 16 20.0

Total 80 100

Source: Primary Data

It is inferred from table 4 that among the 80 respondents, the majority of 63 teachers (78.8

percent) have the job satisfaction scores from 30 to 45 and next to that 20.0 percent of the

respondents have the job satisfaction scores from 45 to 60. Only 1.3 percent of the respondents

have the job satisfaction scores below 30. Table 5 shows the statistical analysis on job satisfaction

Table - 5

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS ON JOB SATISFACTION

Statistical Analysis Scores

Mean 41.20

Standard deviation 4.60

Source: Primary Data

It is seen from table.6 that the mean scores of the sample respondents are worked out to be 41.20

and the standard deviation is 4.60. In order to determine the extent of job satisfaction, the

arithmetic mean and the standard deviation are used. The scores of the arithmetic mean plus

standard deviation comes to 45.8. The arithmetic mean minus standard deviation comes to 36.6

and the classification of the respondents is made on the basis of their scores. The level of

satisfaction for the respondents of Kuzhithurai educational district is also illustrated with the help

of the table .6.

Table -.6

LEVEL OF JOB SATISFACTION

No. of Respondents
S. No. Level of Job Satisfaction Percentage

1. Low 5 6.3

2. Moderate 74 92.5

3. High 1 1.3

Total 80 100

Source: Primary Data

It is evident from table 6 that among the 80 respondents, the level of Job satisfaction of one

teacher, i.e., 1.3 percent is high, 74 teachers (92.5 percent) have moderate satisfaction towards

their job and the remaining 5 teachers (6.3 percent) have low level of Job satisfaction.

5.1 MEASUREMENT OF JOB SATISFACTION OF HIGHER SECONDARY

SCHOOL TEACHERS IN THUCKALAY EDUCATIONAL DISTRICT

Out of the total 65 higher secondary schools in Thuckalay educational district, there are 20

Government higher secondary schools, 30 aided higher secondary schools, and 15 self-financing
higher secondary schools. The total number of respondents is 111. The scores level of job

satisfaction of higher secondary school teachers in Thuckalay educational district is assessed.

Table -.7

CLASSIFICATION OF THE RESPONDENTS ON THE BASIS OF THEIR

SCORES LEVEL IN THUCKALAY EDUCATIONAL DISTRICT

Scores of Job Satisfaction No. of Respondents

S. No Percentage

1. Below 30 2 1.8

2. 30 to 45 76 68.5

3. 45 to 60 29 26.1

4. 60 to 75 4 3.6

Total 111 100

Source: Primary Data

Table 7 clearly shows that among the 111 respondents, a majority of 76 teachers (68.5 percent)

have the job satisfaction scores from 30 to 45, next to that 26.1 percent of the respondents have the

job satisfaction scores from 45 to 60 and 3.6 percent of the respondents have the job satisfaction

scores from 60 to 75. The minimum scores of below 30 have been obtained by 1.8 percent of the

respondents. Table .8 shows the statistical analysis on job satisfaction.

Table - .8

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS ON JOB SATISFACTION

Statistical Analysis Scores

Mean 42.91

Standard deviation 6.84

Source: Primary Data

It can be seen from table .8 that the mean scores of the sample respondents are worked out to be

42.91 and the standard deviation is 6.84. In order to determine the extent of job satisfaction, the

arithmetic mean and the standard deviation are used. The scores of the arithmetic mean plus

standard deviation comes to 49.75. The arithmetic mean minus standard deviation comes to 36.07.

Then the classification of the respondents is made on the basis of their range of scores. The level

of satisfaction of the Thuckalay educational district teachers is also analyzed as given in below

table 9.

Table - 9

LEVEL OF JOB SATISFACTION

S. No Level of job satisfaction No. of Respondents Percentage

1. Low 8 7.2
2. Moderate 98 88.3
3. High 5 4.5
Total 111 100

Source: Primary Data

Table 9 clearly shows that among the 111 respondents, the level of job satisfaction of 5 teachers

(4.5 percent) is high, 98 teachers (88.3 percent) have moderate satisfaction and the remaining 8

teachers (7.2 percent) have low level of job satisfaction.

6.1 MEASUREMENT OF JOB SATISFACTION OF HIGHER SECONDARY

SCHOOL TEACHERS IN KANYAKUMARI EDUCATIONAL DISTRICT

In Kanyakumari educational district, so many educational institutions like, Engineering,

Polytechnic, and Medical Colleges, and schools are run by Government and private managements.

Out of the total 188 higher secondary schools in Kanyakumari educational district, 55 are

Government, 16 are aided and 57 are self- financing higher secondary schools. The scores of job

satisfaction of the higher secondary school teachers in Kanyakumari educational district is

assessed as below in table .10.

Table - 10

CLASSIFICATION OF THE RESPONDENTS ON THE BASIS OF THEIR SCORES

LEVEL IN KANYAKUMARI EDUCATIONAL DISTRICT

S. No. of Respondents
Scores of job satisfaction Percentage
No.

1. Below 30 8 2.1

2. 30 to 45 265 70.7

3. 45 to 60 81 21.6

4. 60 to 75 7 1.9

5. 75 to 90 14 3.7

Total 375 100

Source: Primary Data

It is evident from table 10 that among the 375 respondents, majority of 265 teachers (70.7

percent) have job satisfaction scores between 30 and 45. Next to that 21.6 percent of the

respondents have job satisfaction scores between 45 and 60, 3.7 percent of the respondents have

job satisfaction scores between 75 and 90, and only 1.9 percent of the respondents have job

satisfaction scores between 60 and 75. The minimum scores of below 30 have been obtained by

2.1 percent of the respondents.

The assessment of the level of job satisfaction of the higher secondary school teachers in the

Kanyakumari educational district level has also been shown in table 11.

Table - 11

LEVEL OF JOB SATISFACTION

No. of Respondents
S.No. Level of job satisfaction Percentage

1. Low 26 6.9
 2. Moderate 321 85.6

3. High 28 7.5

Total 375 100

Source: Primary Data

Table 11 vividly shows that among the 375 respondents, the level of job satisfaction of 28 teachers

(7.5 percent) is high; the majority of 321 teachers (85.6 percent) have moderate job satisfaction

and the remaining 26 teachers (6.9 percent) have low level of job satisfaction.

7 .1 SUGGESTION

This chapter has provided the measurement and analyses of teaching and job satisfaction of the

higher secondary school teachers with reference to the various educational districts of

Kanyakumari district. The analyses reveal that in all the educational districts in Kanyakumari

district, the majority of the teachers are at moderate level of attitude towards their job.

8.1 CONCLUSION

The present study is confined to the job satisfaction of higher secondary school teachers

working in Kanyakumari district. The study elicited many factors responsible for job

satisfaction and for the changes in the attitude of teachers. The study concludes that among all

the categories of teachers the aided school teachers in Kanyakumari district have better job

satisfaction in many aspects.

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REPORTS
Annual Employment Report of Kanyakumari District 2007-08.

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