Inequalities On A Right Trapezoid: Y. N. Aliyev

Y. N.
Aliyev /337
Inequalities on a Right Trapezoid

Y. N. Aliyev
It often happens that a search for an extremum in a simple synthetic or analytic
geometry problem leads to the discovery of some new and interesting inequalities
(see e.g. [1, 2, 3]). In the current paper, we present some inequalities which were
found while studying an analytic geometry problem. This analytic geometry pro-
blem appears at the end of the current paper as Problem 5 ; other problems using
the same inequality are also given.
Proposition 1 Let ABCD be a trapezoid with right angles at the vertices A and
B. Let M be an arbitrary point of side AB. Let k be a line parallel to the lateral
side AB which intersects segments M C and M D at points E and F , respectively.
If M Z is the altitude and H is the orthocenter of triangle M EF , then
|AB|2
|HZ| ≤ M Z · .
4 · |BC| · |AD|
Proof. We take coordinates of points as A(b, 0), B(a, 0), C(a, c), D(b, d), and
M (x0 , 0).
Let the equation of the line k be y = n, where n ≤ min(c, d). First, we find the
equation of line EH, which is perpendicular to M D :
y−n x0 − b
= ,
x − x1 d
where
x1 = [(c − n)x0 + na] /c
is the abscissa of E. Since the abscissa of point H is x0 , to find coordinate y of H

we must put this x = x0 value in the equation of the line EH. We obtain
cd(y − n) = n(x0 − a)(x0 − b).
Copyright
c Canadian Mathematical Society, 2018
338/ INEQUALITIES ON A RIGHT TRAPEZOID
a+b
This quadratic function attains its least value when x0 = 2 . Therefore,
n(a − b)2
ymin = n − .
4cd
Hence,
n(a − b)2 |AB|2
|HZ| ≤ · .
4cd 4 · |BC| · |AD|
The equality holds when M is the midpoint of AB. 2
Problem 1 Let ABCD be a trapezoid with right angles at the vertices A and B.
Let k1 and k2 be lines through the intersection point O of diagonals AC and BD,
which are respectively perpendicular and parallel to lateral side AB. Let M be a
point on the side AB. Suppose that M C and M D intersect the line k2 at points
E and F , respectively. Then the perpendiculars to M C and M D at the points E
and F intersect at point Y . Show that this is on the line k1 .
Problem 2 (As above) Denote the intersection of k1 with AB as X. Show that

|AB|2 + 4 · |BC| · |AD|
|XY | ≤ .
4 (|BC| + |AD|)
Let M be an arbitrary point of the side AB. Let the altitude CT to the side AD
intersect M D at F . If M Z is the altitude and H is the orthocenter of triangle
M CF , prove that
4 · |AD| · |HZ| ≤ |AB|2 .
Figures for Problem 2 (left) and Problem 3 (right).
Let M be an arbitrary point of side AB. Let the perpendiculars from points A and
B to lines M D and M C, respectively, intersect at point N . Prove that if HN is
the altitude of the triangle ABN , then
» » »
|N H| |AD| + |BC| ≤ |AB|.
Crux Mathematicorum, Vol. 44(8), October 2018

Y. N. Aliyev /339
Problem 5 Let k and m be two parallel lines. Let A and B be two fixed points
not on k or m. Let C be a generic point on k and let lines CA and CB intersect
the line m at D and E, respectively. Find the locus of all points of intersection F
of perpendiculars to CA and CB at the points D and E, respectively, as C moves
on k. For which locations of lines k, m and points A, B does this locus degenerate
to a ray ?
Figures for Problem 4 (left) and Problem 5 (right).
Acknowledgements
The author would like to acknowledge the contribution and support of B.J. Mam-
madov, whose discussions influenced this research. The author also would like to
thank the editor for help in improving the presentation of the current paper.
References
[1] Y. N. Aliyev, Hexagons and Inequalities, Crux Mathematocorum with Mathe-
matical Mayhem 32 (7), 2006, pp. 456–461.
[2] Y. N. Aliyev, Inequalities involving reciprocals of triangle areas, Crux Mathe-
matocorum with Mathematical Mayhem 36 (8), 2006, pp. 535–539.
[3] Y. N. Aliyev, New inequalities on triangle areas, Journal of Qafqaz University
25 (2009), pp. 129–135.
.................................................................
The editor would like to thank Max Notarangelo, student at Quest University, for
typesetting this article.
Copyright
c Canadian Mathematical Society, 2018

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Y. N.

Inequalities on a Right Trapezoid

is the abscissa of E. Since the abscissa of point H is x0 , to find coordinate y of H

cd(y − n) = n(x0 − a)(x0 − b).

Problem 2 (As above) Denote the intersection of k1 with AB as X. Show that

Figures for Problem 2 (left) and Problem 3 (right).

Crux Mathematicorum, Vol. 44(8), October 2018

Figures for Problem 4 (left) and Problem 5 (right).

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