Two New ERA Manuals: Private and Confidential 1

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Two New ERA Manuals

Private and confidential 1
The ERA Route Selection Manual
Dr Gareth Hearn
1 November 2013
Route Selection Manual: Why did we need one?
ERA’s continuing plans for road network expansion.
O l li it d id
Only limited guidance in the Geometric Design Manual and the Site 
i th G ti D i M l d th Sit
Investigation Manual and very little internationally on Route Selection. 

Decisions need to be made based on:
Decisions need to be made based on:
‐ Multiple factors
‐ Multiple disciplines, and 
‐ Multiple criteria 

Private and confidential 3
AFCAP ToR for the Route Selection Manual

The outcome of the project will be more efficient selection of 
road alignments, lower construction costs, fewer negative 
environmental impacts and increased benefits to rural 
communities in Ethiopia.
ERA’s ToR for Route 
Selection:
“to identify possible 
options for the 
proposed project road 
and evaluate these in 
d l t th i
terms of technical, 
financial and 
economic, 
economic
environmental, social 
and strategic terms.” 

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Corridor & Route
Selection

Covered 
b th
by the 
Manual

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Contents of the Route Selection Manual

1. Introduction
2. Corridor Selection
3
3. Id ifi i
Identification of Route Options 
fR O i
4. Route Selection Report
5. Topography
p g p y
6. Engineering Geology
7. Hydrology
8
8. E i
Environmental and Social Issues
l dS i lI
9. Route Option Engineering
10. Route Selection
Appendix 1: Engineering Geology
Appendix 2: Environmental & Social 
I
Issues

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Structure of the Route
Selection Process &
Structure of the Manual

Private and confidential 7
Stakeholder Consultation

Four Technical Working Group meetings were held:
TWG1 ‐ 2 May 2012, Addis Ababa
TWG2 18‐21 June 2012 in Arba
TWG2 ‐ 18 21 J 2012 i A b Minch
Mi h
TWG2 ‐ 24 August in ERA, Addis Ababa
TWG4 ‐ 9 October 2012, Addis Ababa 
Plus comments and feedback on draft Manual

Private and confidential 8
Environmental
Assessment

Private and confidential 9
Development of ECA Risk Assessment for MCA

MCA – Multi‐
Criteria Analysis

ECA –
Environmentally 
Critical Area

Using terms and 
definitions 
contained in the 
ESMM (ERA 
2008)

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Multi-Criteria Analysis: Engineering Considerations

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Multi-Criteria Analysis: Environmental, Social & Economic
Considerations

Private and confidential 12
Concluding Remark in the Final Report

To conclude the general impression during TWG4 was that most, 
if not all, members felt satisfied that the draft manual satisfied 
their requirements. The proof of this will be in its take‐up and 
feed‐back.
We invite you to use 
this Manual, see how
this Manual, see  how 
it works, to see where 
it doesn’t fit and 
report back on how it 
might be strengthened 
and improved

Private and confidential 13
ERA Route Selection Manual: Authors & Contributors

Authors: Dr Gareth Hearn and Tim Hunt under a contract 
between Crown Agents and Scott Wilson/URS 

The following specialists are gratefully acknowledged for 
The following specialists are gratefully acknowledged for
their contributions:

Steve Crudge – Transport Economist 
Alexander Wilson – Highway Engineer
Amanuel Abreham – Highway Engineer and Local Project Co‐
ordinator
Fekerte Arega Yitagesu – Engineering Geologist
Engineering Geologist
Geoff Pettifer – Engineering Geologist
Peter Mansell – Hydrologist/Drainage Engineer
Sintayehu Argaw – Hydrologist/Drainage Engineer
Hydrologist/Drainage Engineer
Mekuria Tassew – Environmentalist
Tesera Zelalem – Environmentalist
James Mitchell – Satellite Image/Mapping Specialist
g / pp g p
Bob Weekes – Peer Reviewer
Private and confidential 14
Some of the Referenced Reviewed and Used in the Manual
EPA 2003 Environmental Impact Assessment Procedural Guidelines Series 1 (draft). 
EPA. 2003. Environmental Impact Assessment Procedural Guidelines, Series 1 (draft)
Environmental Protection Authority
EPA. 2004.  Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines on Road and Railway (draft). 
Environmental Protection Authority.  
ERA. 1997. Manual for Road Functional Classification. Ethiopian Roads Authority
ERA. 2001 Standard Environmental Procedures Manual. Ethiopian Roads Authority
ERA. 2002 Resettlement/Rehabilitation Policy Framework. Ethiopian Roads Authority
ERA. 2006. Project Planning and Procurement Manual Volume 1 – Planning (draft). Ethiopian 
Roads Authority
ERA. 2008. Environmental & Social Management Manual. Ethiopian Roads Authority
ERA. 2011. Bridge Design Manual (draft). Ethiopian Roads Authority
ERA. 2011. Design Manual for Low Volume Roads Manual. Ethiopian Roads Authority 
ERA. 2011. Geometric Design Manual (draft). Ethiopian Roads Authority 
ERA 2011. Pavement Design Manual Part I Flexible Pavements (draft). Ethiopian Roads Authority 
ERA 2011. Pavement Design Manual Part II Rigid Pavements (draft). Ethiopian Roads Authority 
ERA. 2011. Pavement Rehabilitation & Asphalt Overlay Manual (draft). Ethiopian Roads Authority
ERA. 2011. Site Investigation Manual (draft). Ethiopian Roads Authority 
ERA. 2011. Site Investigation Manual (draft). Ethiopian Roads Authority
ERA. 2012. Drainage Design Manual (draft). Ethiopian Roads Authority 
ERA.2012. Geotechnical Design Manual (draft). Ethiopian Roads Authority 
ERA. 2012. Quality Manual, Volumes 1‐7. Ethiopian Roads Authority
MWUD 2008 Environmental and Social Management Framework Ministry of Works and Urban
MWUD. 2008. Environmental and Social Management Framework. Ministry of Works and Urban 
Development, Ethiopia

Private and confidential 15
The ERA Geotechnical Design Manual
Geotechnical Design Manual: Why do we need one?

Steep, complex topography, landslides and other Geo‐Hazards

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Structure and Subject Headings of the Geotechnical Design Manual

1. Introduction
2. Sub‐grade
3 E b k
3. Embankments
4. Roadside Slopes
5. Geotechnical Report &
p Checklist
Appendix A Soil Stabilisation

TTo be used in conjunction with                                                        
b di j i ih
the ERA Site Investigation Manual
Developed from National Standards and International 
G id li
Guidelines, especially:
i ll
American Association of State Highway & Transportation 
Officials (AASHTO) and the United States Federal Highway 
A
Agency (FHWA) 
(FHWA)

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General Approach to Subjects

Definition

I
Investigation Methods
i i M h d

Treatment Methods

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Topics Covered by the Geotechnical Design Manual

• Sub‐grade strength, stiffness and density
• Expansive soils, compressible soils, collapsible soils, dispersive soils
• Sub‐grade treatment – moisture control, excavation and replacement, 
chemical stabilisation
• Embankments – rock fill, earth fill, soft ground embankments
• Sub‐grade treatment – settlement analysis and consolidation, pre‐
loading and surcharge
loading and surcharge
• Embankment and fill slope stabilisation,                                                
ground improvement, light weight fills                                                           
toe berms and shear keys
• C
Cross‐sections in hilly terrain
ti i hill t i
• Retaining walls
• Earth reinforcement
• Cut slope stability analysis and design
Cut slope stability analysis and design 
• Rock excavation and blast design
• Landslides types, causes and stabilisation
• Geotechnical reporting
Geotechnical reporting

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Authors and Contributors

The Geotechnical Design Manual was prepared by Dr Lulseged Ayalew
It was edited by Gareth Hearn and Tim Hunt under a contract between 
Crown Agents and Scott Wilson/URS
Crown Agents and Scott Wilson/URS

Thank You
Private and confidential 21

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