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    Colourful World - 1

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    Fundoo Tutor
    The document discusses refraction of light through a prism and the dispersion of white light into the visible color spectrum. It explains how a prism splits white light into colors due to different wavelengths bending at different angles. The document also discusses rainbows, which are caused by the dispersion and reflection of sunlight within water droplets. Atmospheric refraction is covered, explaining how it causes stars to appear higher and causes twinkling.

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    Colourful World - 1

    Uploaded by

    Fundoo Tutor
    4 views15 pages
    The document discusses refraction of light through a prism and the dispersion of white light into the visible color spectrum. It explains how a prism splits white light into colors due to different wavelengths bending at different angles. The document also discusses rainbows, which are caused by the dispersion and reflection of sunlight within water droplets. Atmospheric refraction is covered, explaining how it causes stars to appear higher and causes twinkling.

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    Boost your learning with Fundoo Tutor:- You will get 1- Experienced and Qualified Teachers from all over India 2-Advanced Online Interactive Classes (One to One) or ( Group Interactive classes max 5 students in a batch ) 3- A mentor will be there 24hrs to clear your doubts or any problem 4- Trusted by many Users all Over India 3-Start learning and Growing With Fundoo Tutor Visit us here: https://fundootutor.com/ Book Your Demo class from here also: https://lnkd.in/gsJkvH5

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    The document discusses refraction of light through a prism and the dispersion of white light into the visible color spectrum. It explains how a prism splits white light into colors due to different wavelengths bending at different angles. The document also discusses rainbows, which are caused by the dispersion and reflection of sunlight within water droplets. Atmospheric refraction is covered, explaining how it causes stars to appear higher and causes twinkling.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    4 views15 pages

    Colourful World - 1

    Uploaded by

    Fundoo Tutor
    The document discusses refraction of light through a prism and the dispersion of white light into the visible color spectrum. It explains how a prism splits white light into colors due to different wavelengths bending at different angles. The document also discusses rainbows, which are caused by the dispersion and reflection of sunlight within water droplets. Atmospheric refraction is covered, explaining how it causes stars to appear higher and causes twinkling.

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    COLOURFUL

    WORLD
    Refraction of Light through
    Prism
    (i) The refraction of light takes place at
    two surfaces firstly when light enters
    from air to prism and j secondly
    when light emerges from prism.

    (ii) Angle of prism: The angle between


    the two lateral faces of the prism is
    called angle of prism.

    (iii) Angle of deviation: The angle


    between incident ray (produced
    forward) and emergent ray
    (produced backward).
    • Dispersion of white light by a glass prism:

    - The phenomenon of splitting of white light into its seven


    constituent colours when it passes through a glass prism is
    called dispersion of white light.
    - The various colours seen are Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green,
    Yellow, Orange and Red.

    - The sequence of colours remembers as VIBGYOR.

    - The band of seven colours is called the spectrum.

    - The different component colour of light bends at a different


    angle with respect to the incident angle.

    - The violet light bends the least while the red bends most.
    - Wavelength decreases, frequency increases

    - Red color - Least Deviated, Maximum wavelength

    - Violet color - Maximum Deviated, Minimum


    wavelength

    - The seven colours can recombine to give white light.


    - Issac Newton:

    - He was the first, who obtained spectrum of sunlight by


    using glass prism.

    - He tried to split the spectrum of white light more by


    using another similar prism, but he could not get any
    more colours.

    - He repeated the experiment using second prism in


    inverted position with respect to the first prism.
    - It allowed all the colours of spectrum to pass through
    second prism.

    - He found white light emerges on the other side of


    second prism.

    - He concluded that Sun is made up of seven visible


    colour VIBGYOR.
    - Rainbow:

    - It is the spectrum of sunlight in nature.

    - It is formed due to the dispersion of sunlight by the


    tiny water droplet, present in the atmosphere.
    - Formation of the rainbow:

    - The water droplets act like small prism.

    - They refract and disperse the incident sunlight, then


    reflect it internally, and finally refract it again when it
    comes out of the raindrop.

    - Due to the dispersion of light and internal reflection,


    different colours reach the observer‟s eye.
    - Red colour appears on top and violet at the bottom of
    rainbow.
    - A rainbow is always formed in a direction opposite to that of
    Sun.

    At „A‟ – Refraction and dispersion take place.


    At „B‟ – Internal reflection takes place.
    At „C‟ – Refraction and dispersion take place.
    - Atmospheric Refraction:

    - The refraction of light caused by the Earth‟s


    atmosphere (having air layers of varying optical
    densities) is called Atmospheric Refraction.
    - Appearance of Star Position:

    - It is due to atmospheric refraction of star light.


    - The temperature and density of different layer of
    atmosphere keeps varying.

    - Hence, we have different medium.

    - Distant star act as point source of light.


    - When the starlight enter the Earth‟s atmosphere, it
    undergoes refraction continuously, due to changing
    refractive index i.e. from Rarer to denser.

    - It bends towards the normal.


    - Due to this, the apparent position of the star is
    different from actual position.

    - The star appear higher than its actual position.


    - Twinkling of Star:

    - It is also due to atmospheric refraction.

    - Distant star act like a point source of light.

    - As the beam of starlight keeps deviating from its path,


    the apparent position of star keeps on changing
    because physical condition of earth‟s atmosphere is not
    stationary.
    - Hence, the amount of light enters our eyes fluctuate
    sometimes bright and sometime dim.

    - This is the “Twinkling effect of star”.

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