9

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Self-Directed Module
in Science

Quarter 2, Week 7
Module 6 : Mole Concept

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Science– Grade 9
Quarter 2 – Module 6: Mole Concept

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials
from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent
nor claim ownership over them.

Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Rolly C. Duroy

Editors: Laarnie G. Balin

Reviewers: Ronaldo Reyes

Shirley Bataller
Tomasa R. Camu
Jocelyn Navera
Jezrahel Omadto
Benjie Cadag

2
 MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY

Use the mole concept to express mass

of substance
(S9MT-IIi-19)

3
 Supplementary Learning Module for Junior High School Learners

LESSON A: Basics of Mole Concept

BEGIN!

In real life situations, matter is measured either by counting or by weighing--

whichever is convenient. In chemistry, it is necessary that we often want to know the
number of atoms, molecules and ions in a substance because this is needed to
produce the desired amount of a substance or how much substance will be produced
a given amount of substance. However, these atoms are too tiny to be counted or
weighed in an ordinary manner. In order to count atoms, we use a constant called
Avogadro’s number which is equivalent to the unit called MOLE.
Knowledge in mole concept is the key to relating mass, mole, and number of
particles in elements, compounds and chemical reactions. This is essential in chemical
calculation which is known as stoichiometry.
In this module, you will learn the basics of the Mole Concept. Are you prepared
for a Mole Day Adventure? Be ready to learn as you go through the different activities
ahead.

YOUR LEARNING TARGETS!

Hi! I am Teacher Rolly. I’m going to guide you in

your journey to this module.
At the end of the module, you should be able to:

• define Mole;
• describe the relationship between the mole and Avogadro’s Number;
• relate the mass of an object to the number of pieces per item; and
• determine the number of moles or particles/number of pieces through
dimension analysis.

4
 TRY THIS!

Instructions: Read all items carefully and encircle the letter corresponding to your
answer.

1. Which of the following represents a mole?

a. 5 g of NaCl c. 3.01 x 1023 CH4 molecules
b. 6.02 x 1023 F atoms d. 24 g graphite, C-atom
2. Which statement is NOT true?
a. One mole of a substance contains a fixed number of particles.
b. One mole each of different substances have different masses and different
number of particles.
c. One mole each of different substances have the same number of particles but
they have different masses.
d. The formula weight of the compound is equal to one mole of that substance.
3. Which statement is NOT true regarding the molecule Dihydroxypentanedioic
Acid, C5H8O6 ?
a. One mole of C5H8O6 contains 6.02 x 1023 particles.
b. One mole of C5H8O6 is equal to 164 g of C5H8O6.
c. The molar mass of C5H8O6 is equal to one mole of C5H8O6.
d. 84 g of C5H8O6 contains 6.02 x 1023 molecules.
4. How many molecules are there in 2 moles of H202?
a. 2 x 1023 c. 12.04 x 1023
b. 6.02 x 1023 d. 6.02 x 1046
5.How many hydrogen atoms are there in 72 mol of H atoms?
a. 6.02 x 1023 c. 4.3 x 1025
b. 12.04 x 1024 d. 6.02 x 1046

5
 YOUR LEARNING ACTIVITIES

A. ELICIT
In real life situations, say when you buy rice or eggs in a store, how are these
pieces of matter quantified?
How many rice grains are in a cavan of rice? Can you count them? Why or why
not?
Atoms and molecules are incredibly small. There is no way of counting the
number of atoms or molecules to get their mass.
To understand the mole concept better, do this simple activity.

B. ENGAGE
ACTIVITY 1
Complete the table below by supplying the information needed in the third
column.

Substance Collective Counting Number of

Word Particles/Pieces

Pair

Dozen

Case

6
 ream

mole ?

C. EXPLORE
ACTIVITY 2: The Chemist’s Mole*
Learning Target: In this activity, you will find out the relationship between mass and
number of moles and vice-versa.

Directions:
Study Table 1: Table of Data and answer the guide questions.
Materials Number Pieces Mass
A. Paper Clips 12 10g
Iron Nails 7 10g
Corn grains 15 10g
Monggo seeds 20 10g
B. 25-centavo coins 10 pcs. 15 g
1-peso coins 10 pcs. 20 g
5-peso coins 10 pcs. 25 g

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• Guided Activity

For A: ( Constant Mass )- Data for A was obtained by weighing 10g of paper
clips, 10g of nails,10g of corn grains and 10g of monggo seeds.

Guide Question 1: How many (a) paper clips and (b) iron nails have a total
mass of 10g? __________________________________________________

For B: ( Constant Number of Pieces )-Data for B was obtained by weighing

10 pcs. 25-centavo coins, 10 pcs. 1-peso coin, and 10 pcs. 5-peso coins.

C. Below are the results of the students who did the same activity. Analyze their
statements:

Different sets of Sets of the same

materials with the kind of materials
same mass have with the same
the same number number of pieces
of particles. have different
masses.

Esteban
Rodrigo

Different sets of Different sets of

materials with the materials with the
same number of same number of
pieces have the pieces have
same mass different masses.

Maria Pilar

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 Guide Question #2. Who is/are describing the results correctly? Write the
name of the student(s) with whom you agree. ____________________________
Guide Question #3 Explain the relationship between mass and number of
moles and vice-versa ( in relation to the knowledge gained from the activity).

D. EXPLAIN
The collective counting words (i.e. pair, dozen) are used as convenient
terms for often used number of items in everyday life. Just as the grocer finds
selling eggs by the dozen more convenient than selling them individually, the
chemist finds calculations (regarding number of atoms, molecules and ions)
more convenient with moles. Since samples of matter typically contain so many
atoms, a unit of measure called the mole has been established for use in
counting atoms. For our purposes, it is most convenient to define mole
(abbreviated mol ) as the number equal to the number of carbon atoms in
exactly 12 grams of pure 12C. A mole is a unit for counting the number of
particles, just like a dozen (which means 12 units ), a pair ( which means 2
units), a gross ( which means 144 units), and a ream ( which refers to 500
sheets of paper. A mole means 602 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 ( 602
hexillion particles ) or 6.02 x 1023 particles called the Avogadro’s Number,
named after Italian Chemist and Physicist Amedeo Avogadro who made a study
on this. One mole of something consists of 6.02 x 10 23 units of that substance.
Just as a dozen eggs is 12 eggs, a mole of eggs is 6. 02 x 10 23 eggs. A mole
contains 6.02 x 1023 atoms in 12.00g of 12C-atoms.

1 mole 12C= 12.00 g 12C = 6.02 x 1023 12C atoms

How did he arrive at the number 6.02 x 1023? The atom Carbon-12 (
12 -24
C) was experimentally obtained to have a mass of 19.92 x 10 or 12 amu
(Atomic mass unit). This fact allows us to calculate the number of 12C atoms in
a sample with a mass of 12 grams, the molar mass of 12C in grams.

1 atom 12C
12
12g C x = 6.02 x 1023 atoms
12
19.92 x 10-24 g 12C C

The particles may be atoms, molecules or ions and formula units. The
mole does not distinguish among the different kinds of particles as long as they
are distinct units. Helium exists as discrete He atoms, so one mole of Helium
consists of 6.02 x 1023 He atoms. Oxygen commonly exists as diatomic (two

9
 atoms) molecules, so one mole of oxygen is 6.02 x 1023 O2 molecules or 2(6.02
x 1023 O atoms. Some compounds exist as molecules, which are independent
particles that possess the properties distinguishing the compound. Most
molecular compounds are compounds of Carbon. An example is glucose with
a chemical formula is C6H12O6 . The subscript for each constituent element
refers to the number of atoms of the element in one molecule of the compound.
This means one independent particle or molecule of glucose consists of 6C
atoms, 12H atoms and 6 O atoms.
There are some compounds, however, which cannot exist as molecules.
A good example is Sodium Chloride. In solid phase, this compound exists as a
crystal or a continuous array of atoms or ions exhibiting a regular pattern. A
unit of this crystal is an ion pair, that is, a pair of Na+ and Cl- ions. An ion pair,
however, cannot exist as an independent unit and so, it cannot be called a
molecule. We refer to an ion pair as a formula unit if it is a binary compound.
Most of the ionic compounds are formed by the combination of a metal with one
or more nonmetal(s).
Other ionic compounds maybe more complex, like ammonium sulfate.
Its formula unit is (NH4)2SO4. Note that in a chemical formula, the subscript
written outside the parenthesis applies to all atoms written inside the
parenthesis. The number of atoms of each element inside the parenthesis is
obtained by multiplying the subscript of the element inside the parenthesis by
the subscript of one of the polyatomic ion pairs outside the parenthesis. Thus,
one formula unit of ammonium sulfate consists of 2 N atoms, 8 H atoms, 1 S
atom and 4 O atoms.
E. ELABORATE
Converting between moles and number of particles (atoms,molecules,Ions).

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 DO THIS!

Activity 3:
“What’s my Equivalent?”
Read and solve the problems given. Convert the given moles of substances to
the number of particles (ions, atoms and molecules). Show your complete
solutions.

1. How many chlorine, Cl atoms are present in 2 moles of chlorine?

_________________________

2.How many molecules of C12H22O11 ( Table Sugar ) are present in 3.29 moles of
C12H22O11?
__________________________

3.How many atoms are there in 1.7 moles of calcium, Ca?

__________________________

4. How many particles are contained in a mole of sodium, Na atoms?

__________________________
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5. How many molecules of CO2 are contained in a 6.2 moles of CO2?
__________________________

6. How many formula units of Ba (OH)2 ( Barium Hydroxide ) are contained in 2

moles of Ba(OH)2?
__________________________

YOUR VOCABULARY LIST

The following terms which are used in this module are defined as follows:
• Mole is defined as the quantity of a substance which contains the same number
of particles as 12.000 g of Carbon-12.
• Avogadro’s Number is the number of particles in one mole of a substance
which is equal to 6.02 x 1023 particles.
• Atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that constitutes a
chemical element.
• Molecule is a particle made up of two or more atoms that are chemically
bonded together in order to form a compound.
• Formula Unit- an ionic compound that does not form molecules, as most salts.
The chemical formula with the least number of elements out of the set of
empirical formulas having the same proportion of ions as elements.
• Ion- is a charged atom or molecule. It is charged because the number of
electrons is not equal to the number of protons in the atom or molecule. An
atom can acquire a positive charge or a negative charge depending on whether
the number of electrons in an atom is greater or less than the number of protons
in the atom.

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 F. EVALUATE

Assessment 1: “Which is which?”

From the given choices, select the letter that corresponds to the correct
answer and write it on the blank provided before the number.

a. Avogadro’s number
b. subscript
c. mole f. number of moles
d. molar mass g. particles
e. number of particles

____1. This refers to a unit for counting the number of particles.

____2.This is the number of particles in one mole of a substance which is

equal to 6.02 x 1023..

___3. This is taken by multiplying the number of moles of a substance

with the Avogadro’s number.

___ 4. This is taken by dividing the number of particles of a substance by the

Avogadro’s Number.

___ 5. This is a term used to refer to the atoms, ions, or molecules and formula units
of substances.

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 YOUR ASSIGNMENT

• Suppose you have a piggy bank full of 25-centavo coins. How are you going
to determine the number of 25-centavo coins in your piggy bank without
counting them piece by piece? How will you determine the amount in your
piggy bank?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

Congratulations! Are you having fun?

More lessons to go.
,

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 ANSWER KEY

• TRY THIS!
1. b
2. b
3. d
4. c
5. c

• ACTIVITY 1
1. A pair of shoes-2 pieces
2. Dozen eggs- 12 pieces/12 eggs
3. Case of Softdrink-12 bottles
4. Ream of bondpaper-500 sheets
5. A mole of a substance- 6.02 x 1023 particles

• ACTIVITY 2
1. Paper clips- 12 pieces, 7-pieces
2. Pilar

• ACTIVITY 3
1. 1.204 x 1024 atoms of chlorine
2. 1.981 x 1024 molecules of C12H22O11 / mole
3. 1.023 x 1024 atoms of Ca
4. 6.02 x 1023 atoms of Na
5. 3.732 X 1024 molecules of CO2
6. 1.204 X 1024 formula units of Ba(OH)2

• ASSESSMENT 1
1. c
2. a
3. e
4. f
5. g

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 Supplementary Learning Module for Junior High School Learners

LESSON B: Mole Concept Applications

BEGIN!

The number of atoms of elements, molecules of molecular compounds, and

formula units of ionic compounds can be converted to moles of the same substance
using the Avogadro’s Number. The mass of one mole of a substance is numerically
equal to the atomic mass of an atom of an element, the molecular mass of a
compound, or the formula mass of ionic compound. The mass of one mole of a
substance is called a molar mass. This module will help you understand the
relationship between mass, mole, and number of particles expressed as the
Avogadro’s Number.
In this module, you will learn how to determine the molar mass of a mole of
element and compound, convert mass in grams to number of moles of a particular
substance.
Are you now prepared for a Mole Day Adventure? Be ready to learn as you go
through the different activities ahead.

YOUR LEARNING TARGETS!

Hi! I am Teacher Rolly. I’m still your guide in your

journey to this module.
At the end of the module, you should be able to:

• determine the mass of a given substance;

• convert number of atoms to its equivalent mass in grams or vice versa; and
• determine the molar mass of a substance.

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 TRY THIS!

Instructions: Read all items carefully and encircle the letter that corresponds to
each of your answers.

1. Which is equivalent to one mole of Silicone Tetrahydride, SiH 4 ?

a. 28 g SiH4; 6.02 x 1023 particles
b. 32 g SiH4; 12.02 x 1023 particles
c. 64 g SiH4; 6.02 x 1023 particles
d. 32 g SiH4; 6.02 x 1023 particles
2. Which statement is correct?
a. 4 g of CH4 is equal to 4 moles of CH4
b. 4 g of CH4 is equal to 1 mole of CH4
c. 4 moles of CH4 is equal to 16 g of CH4
d. 4 moles of CH4 is equal to 64 g of CH4
3. What is the mass of one-half mole of SO2 ?
a. 8 g b. 12 g c. 24 g d. 32 g
4. How many moles are contained in 34 g of NH3 ?
a. 1 mol b. 2 mol c. 17 mol d. 34 mol
5. What is the mass of 4.39 mol Na?
a. 191 g b. 27.3 g c. 55.2 g d. 101 g

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 YOUR LEARNING ACTIVITIES

A. ELICIT
How is the number of particles determined in a mole of a substance?
How about the number of moles given the number of particles?

B. ENGAGE
Before we proceed to our next activity, let us answer first the following
questions. These will prepare you to perform the next activity faster.

1. What is the ratio of the atoms present in H2O?

______________________________________

2. How many moles of Sodium atom ( Na atom) are there in Sodium Chloride
( NaCl) ?

_____________________________________

3. How many moles of Carbon are there in Carbon Dioxide?

_____________________________________

4. How many particles are present in 1.75 moles of methane gas ( CH 4 )

______________________________________

Answer:

1. 2.1
2. 1 mole of Na atom
3. 1 mole of Carbon atom
4. 1.05 x 1024 molecules)

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C. EXPLORE
Activity 4

Three students, Ken, Hanz, and Carla, studied the information given in the
boxes below. Analyze the statements given by the students. Put an X on the name of
the student who gave the incorrect answer.

6.02 x 1023 Cu atoms 6.02 x 1023 H2O molecules

1 mole Cu 1 mole H2O
Molar mass = 63.5 g/mol Molar mass = 18 g/mo

6.02 x 1023 sugar molecules 6.02 x 1023 gold atoms

1 mole C12H22O11 1 mole Au
Molar mass = 342 g/mol Molar mass = 197.9 g/mol

One mole each of One mole each of

different substances different
have different substances
masses and different contain the same
number of particles number of particles
but they have
different masses

Hanz Ken
Carla

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D. EXPLAIN
The molar mass of a substance is the mass in grams of one mole of
that substance expressed in grams ( g ).
If you take a mole of atoms of any element, it will have a mass in grams
numerically equivalent to the element’s atomic mass. If you take a mole of
molecules of any compound, it will have a mass in grams numerically equivalent
to the compound’s molecular mass or formula mass for ionic compounds.
The mass of a mole varies with different substances, but the number of
particles (atoms, molecules, ions) present is believed to be same, 6.02 x 10 23.

E. ELABORATE
To understand better, read through the examples given below.
A. For atoms
Consider a mole of Helium atom. Its molar mass is 4.00 g/mol which is
equivalent to its atomic mass (atomic weight). Therefore, one mole of He has
a molar mass of 4.0 g/mol. One mole of He contains 6.02 x 10 23 atoms. This
can be represented as

1.00 mole of He = 4.00 g = 6.02 x 1023 He atoms

Try this. Find the molar mass of Zn atom.

First step: Look for the atomic weight of Zinc in the periodic table.

Second step: Remember, the mass of one mole of Zn is equal to its atomic
mass.

Third Step: Therefore, one mole of Zinc atom has a molar mass of ___ g.

One mole of Zinc atom contains ___________ atoms.

Ans. 65.35 g/mol; 6.02 x 1023 atoms

B. For molecules

One mole of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) contains 1 carbon atom and 4

chlorine atoms.

To get its molecular mass, we find

C = 1 atom x atomic mass = 1 (12.00g) = 12.00 g
Cl = 4 atoms x atomic mass = 4 (35.5g) = 142.1 g
The molecular mass of CCl4 is 154.01 g/mole

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 Therefore, the mass of one mole of CCl4 is 154.01 g/mole. One mole of CCl4
contains 6.02 x 1023 molecules. This can be represented as:

1.00 mole CCl4 = 154 g = 6.02 x 1023 CCl4 molecules

Try this. Find the molar mass of CO2.

First step: Determine the atoms present and the number of each atom. For CO 2,
we have

C = 1 atom; O = 2 atoms

Second step: Find the atomic weight of each atom.

C = 1 atom x atomic mass = 1 ( ) = _________
O = 2 atoms x atomic mass = 2 ( ) = _________
The molar mass is ________.
Therefore, the mass of one mole of CO2 is ________. One mole of CO2 contains
___________ molecules.

Ans. 44 g/mol; 6.02 x 1023 molecules

C. For Ionic Compounds

Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a famous ionic compound. In its solid state, this substance
forms a three-dimensional array of charged particles. In such a case, molecular
mass has no meaning, so the term formula mass is used instead.

One mole of NaCl contains one sodium ion and one chloride ion. To get its formula
mass, we find

Na+ = 1 ion x atomic mass = 1 (23 g) = 23 g

Cl- = 1 ion x atomic weight = 1 (35.5 g) = 35.5 g
The formula mass of one mole of NaCl is 58.5 g/mole

Therefore the molar mass of NaCl is 58.5 g/mole. One mole of NaCl contains
6.02x1023 NaCl ion pairs. This can be represented as

1.0 mole of NaCl = 58.5 g/mole NaCl = 6.02 x 1023 NaCl ion pair

Try this. Find the molar mass of KBr

First step: Determine the ions present and the number of each ion
For KBr, we have
K= 1 atom ; Br = 1 atom

21
Second step: Find the atomic mass of each atom
K = 1 atom x atomic mass = 1 ( ) = _________
Br = 1 atom x atomic mass = 1 ( ) = _________
The formula mass is ________.

Therefore, the mass of one mole of KBr is ________. One mole of KBr contains
___________ KBr ion pairs.

Ans. 119 g/mole ; 6.12 x 1023 ion pairs

The above representations show the relationship between mass, mole, and number
of particles expressed as the Avogadro’s number..

Remember this:
One mole of a substance = molar mass = 6.02 x 10 23 particles

DO THIS

Activity 5: “I’m All Alone”

Using the periodic table, get the atomic mass of each element. Fill the
table below. Express the mass of the elements in whole numbers.

Table I: Atomic Masses of Elements.

Substances Atomic Mass(g)

(Elements)
1.Silver, Ag
2.Zirconium, Zr
3.Magnesium, Mg
4.Copper, Cu
5.Sodium, Na
22
 6.Iron, Fe
7.Bromine, Br
8.Mercury, Hg
9.Carbon, C
10. Tin, Sn

Activity 6: “Two or More in One”

Using your Periodic Table, identify the elements present in the given
compound in column 1. Write the symbol of the element with its
corresponding atomic mass and write its molar mass in column 3.
Table 2. Molar Masses of Compounds.
Elements Present and their
Substances(Compounds) total atomic masses in the Molar mass
given formula (g/mol)

1.Nitrous acid, HNO2

3.Ethyl Alcohol,
CH3CH2OH

23
4.Potassium ferrocyanide
K4Fe(CN)6

5.Ammonium sulfate
(NH4)2SO4

Keep moving…. More activities on the next page.

24
 Elements Present and their Molar mass
Substances(Compounds) total atomic masses in the (g/mol)
given formula

6. Sodium aluminate,
NaAlO2

7. Zinc Carbonate,
ZnCO3

8. Magnesium Chloride,
MgCl2

9. Calcium Phosphite,
Ca3(PO3)2

10. Gallium Nitrate,

Ga(NO3)3

You’re on the right track. Keep moving……

25
26
 YOUR VOCABULARY LIST

The following terms which are used in this module are defined as follows:
• Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance expressed in grams ( g ).
• Atomic Mass is the mass of an atom of a chemical element expressed in atomic
mass units. It is approximately equivalent to the number of protons and neutrons in
the atom (the mass number) or to the average number allowing for the relative
abundances of different isotopes.

F. EVALUATE
ASSESSMENT #2
The students below are discussing some concepts about mole. Write
the word THUMBS UP if you agree with the statement and THUMBS DOWN
if you disagree.
1. CARDO: Different sets of materials with the same number of pieces have
the same mass. _____________
2. LEO: Different sets of materials with the same number of pieces have
different masses._____________
3. JOSE: One mole of a substance contains a fixed number of
particles.___________
4. DANIELLA: Different materials of one mole each have different masses
but the same number of particles.____________
5. RONAN: One mole of Table salt (NaCl) and Table sugar ( C 12H22O11 )
weighs the same._________________
6-10. Answer Table 5.

Table 5: Molar Mass

Chemical Name Chemical Formula Molar Mass (g/mole )
Iron(II) Sulphate FeSO4
(Ferrous Sulfate)
Ethyl Alcohol C2H5OH
Ammonia NH3
Citric Acid C6H8O7
Aluminum Hydroxide Al (OH )3

27
s YOUR ASSIGNMENT

• In what way can the mole concept be a useful quantitative tool in daily life?

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

Are you still having fun? You are on

the last leg. Check your answers first.
Goodluck!

28
 ANSWER KEY

• TRY THIS!
1. d
2. d
3. d
4. b
5. a
• Activity 4
Answer: Carla
• Activity 5
1. Ag= 108 g 6. Fe= 56 g
2. Zr= 91 g 7. Br= 80 g
3. Mg= 24 g 8. Hg= 201 g
4. Cu= 64 g 9. C= 12 g
5. Na= 23 g 10. Sn= 119 g
• Activity 6
Elements Present and their
Substances total atomic masses in the Molar
given formula Mass
H = 1 x 1g = 1 g
1.Nitrous acid, HNO2 N = 1 x 14 g = 14 g 47 g/mole
0 = 2 x 16 g = 32 g

2.Aluminum Hydroxide, Al = 1 x 27 g = 27 g
Al(OH)3 0 = 3 x 16 g = 48 g 78 g/mole
H=3x1g=3g

3.Ethyl Alcohol, C = 2 x 12 g = 24 g 46 g/mole

CH3CH2OH
H=6x1g=6g
0 = 1 x 16 g = 16 g

29
 K = 4 x 39 g = 156 g
4.Potassium Ferrocyanide Fe= 1 x 56 g = 56 g 368 g/mole
K4Fe(CN)6 C = 6 x 12 g = 72 g
N = 6 x 14 g = 84 g
N = 2 x 14 g = 28 g
5.Ammonium Sulfate H=8x1g=8g
(NH4)2SO4 S = 1 x 32 g = 32 g 132g/mole
O = 4 x 16 g =64 g
6.Sodium Aluminate, Na=1 x 23 g=23 g
NaAlO2
Al= 1 x 27 g = 27 g 82 g/mole
O= 2 x 16 g = 32 g
7. Zinc Carbonate, Zn= 1 x 65 g =65 g
ZnCO3
C= 1 x 12 g =12 g 125 g/mole
O= 2 x 16 g = 48 g
8. Magnesium Chloride, Mg= 1 x 24 g = 24 g
MgCl2
Cl= 2 x 35 g= 70 9 94 g/mole
9. Calcium Phosphite, Ca= 3 x 40 g = 120 g
Ca3(PO3)2
P= 2 x 1 x 31 g = 62 g 278 g/mole
O= 2 x 3 x 16g = 96 g
10. Gallium Nitrate, Ga = 1 x 70 g = 70 g
Ga(NO3)3
N = 3 x 1 x 14 g = 42 g 256 g/mole
O = 3 x 3 x 16 g = 144 g

• EVALUATE
1. THUMBS DOWN 6. 152 g/mole
2. THUMBS UP 7. 46 g/mole
3. THUMBS UP 8. 17 g/ mole
4. THUMBS UP 9. 192 g/mole
5. THUMBS DOWN 10. 78 g/mole

Supplementary Learning Module for Junior High School Learners

30
 LESSON C: Mole-Mass Relationship

BEGIN!

The simplest calculation to be introduced is the mole-mass relationship. This is

important in interconverting the moles of the substances to its corresponding mass
and vice versa. It is wise to remember that the molar mass of the substance gives the
mole-to-gram ratio of a substance. The formula mass of the compound is the mass of
the compound.

In this module, you will learn how to solve simple mole-mass problems that do
not involve chemical equation. Are you now ready for another Mole Day Adventure?
Be prepared to learn as you go through the different activities ahead.

YOUR LEARNING TARGETS!

Hi! It’s t’r Rolly again. Let me take you to the last
part of this module.
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

• describe the relationships among the number of moles, mass, and number of
particles;
• convert number of moles to mass and vice versa;
• solve problems on mole-mass relationship; and
• apply the mole concept in completing a set of data.

31
 TRY THIS!

Instruction: Read all items carefully and encircle the letter that corresponds to your
answer.

1. Which of the following is NOT a true statement concerning the gram atomic mass?
a. The gram atomic mass is the number of grams of an element that is numerically
equal to the atomic mass in amu (atomic mass unit ).
b. The gram atomic mass is the mass of one mole of atoms.
c. The gram atomic mass is 12g for Magnesium.
d. The gram atomic mass is found by checking the periodic table of elements.
2. The gram atomic masses of any two elements contain the same number of ___.
a. ions b. atoms c. grams d. anions
3. A sample of Copper weighing 6.93 g contains how many moles of Copper atoms?
a. 9.17 mol b. 0.0645 mol c. 0.109 mol d. 1.09 mol
4. What is the molar mass of Barium Perchlorate, Ba(ClO 4)2 ?
a. 189.90 g/mol b. 336.20 g/mol c. 272.24 g/mol d. 633.02 g/mol
5. What is the mass in g of 5.90 mol of Octane,C 8H18 ?
a. 673 g b. 19.4 g c. 0.0512 g d. 389 g

32
 YOUR LEARNING ACTIVITIES

A. ELICIT
Does one mole of different substances have the same mass?
How do we determine the molar mass of a substance?

B. ENGAGE
Solve for the molar mass of each compound.
a. CH4 ( ans. 16 g/mole )
b. H2SO4 ( ans. 98 g/ mole )
c. Al(OH)3 ( ans. 78 g/ mole )
d. HCl ( ans. 36 g/ mole )
e. C6H12O6 ( ans. 180 g/ mole )

C. EXPLORE

ACTIVITY 7
The Relationship among the number of moles, mass, and Number of Particles

Objective: Describe the relationship among the number of moles, mass, and number
of particles.
Procedure:
1. Given the mass of sulfur, Aluminum foil, sugar and salt, answer Table 6:
Data on Molar Relationship.

5.3 g 1.8 g 7.8 g 11.0 g

33
2. Using the molar mass of each substance, compute how many moles are
present in each sample using the formula

Mass of substance in grams

Number of moles (n) =

Molar mass in g/mole

3. Compute for the number of particles of each substance using the formula:

Number of Particles = Number of moles (n) x Avogadro’s Number

(n)

QUESTIONS:
1. List down the substance based on the following order:
a. Increasing mass ( lightest to heaviest )

b. Increasing number of particles (lowest to highest amount )

c. Increasing number of moles (lowest to highest amount )

2. Is the number of particles in the sample directly related to the number of

moles? Why do you say so?

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

34
3. Is the mass of the sample related to the number of moles? Explain your
answer.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

4. Explain why one tablespoon of different substances does not have the same
mass in grams ( g ), the same number of moles, and the same number of
particles.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

Keep moving…. More activities on the next page

35
 ACTIVITY 8: The Chemist ‘s Mole

Objective: Apply the mole concept in completing a given set of data

Material: Periodic Table of Elements

Procedure: Complete the table by supplying the needed information.

Table 7: Molar relationships

Substance Molar Mass Representative Mass Number of Number of

(g/mol) Particle (g) Moles Particles

Carbon

Dioxide (CO2) 44.01 2.5

Gold (Au) Atom 1

Glucose

(C6H12O6 ) 360.36 1.205 x 1024

Calcium

Flouride formula unit 3

(CaF2)

Nitrogen gas

(N2) 28.02 140.10

QUESTIONS:
1. When is a particle classified as an atom, a molecule, or a formula unit?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

36
2. Show how you will convert the mass of a given sample to number of moles, and
vice versa.
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

3. Show how you will compute for the number of particles given the following:

a. Mass of the sample

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

b. Number of moles of the sample

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

You’re on the right track. Keep moving……

37
D. EXPLAIN
We can describe the relationship among the mole, mass, and number of
particles of a given substance. Based from the result of the activity, the number
of particles in the sample is directly related to the number of moles. As the
number of moles increases, the number of particles also increases. This can
be reflected in the formula used to compute for the number of particles.
Number of Particles= moles x Avogadro’s Number

The number of moles of a compound is related to its mass through the

molar mass. Increase in mass of different substances does not necessarily
mean increase in the number of moles because the number of moles is
computed by dividing the mass of the sample by its molar mass.

Mass of substance in grams

Number of moles (n) =

Molar mass in g/mole

If you are given the mass of a substance in grams and you need to find
the number of particles, you cannot convert directly from mass to number of
moles. You need to convert first the mass expressed in grams to moles then
convert Mole to Number of Particles.

Mass of substance in grams

Number of moles (n) =

Molar mass in g/mole

38
E. ELABORATE
Here is a diagram on the interconversion among number of moles,
number of particles, and mass of a substance that would aid you in solving Mole
Concept Application Problems.

Interconversion among number of moles, number of particles, and mass

39
 Cases General Pattern

Case 1: No. of moles is known; Mass = number of moles × molar

mass is unknown mass
1 mole

Case 2: Mass is known; no. of Moles = mass of substance(g) × 1

moles is unknown mole
molar
mass

Case 1. Number of moles is known, mass is unknown

Q. What is the mass in grams of two moles of iron?

Solution Process:
Step 1. Identify the known and unknown

Known: two moles of Fe

Unknown: mass in grams of Fe

Step 2. Identify the case in the table above and copy the formula.

Case 1:
Mass= number of moles x molar mass
1 mole

Step 3. Substitute values in the equation.

Mass= 2 moles of Iron x 56g

= 112g of Fe
1 mole

Case 2. Mass is known, Number of moles is unknown

Q. How many moles of the Be atom are there in 16.0 g of the Be-atom?

Solution Process:

Step 1. Identify the known and unknown

Known: 16.0 g of Be atom

Unknown: number of moles

40
Step 2. Identify the case in the table above and copy the formula.

Case 2:

Moles= mass of substance x I mole

Molar mass

Step 3. Substitute values in the equation.

Moles= 16.0 g Be x 1 mole

= 1.78 moles
9g

DO THIS ( ACTIVITY 9 )

Matching Type. Connect the question in Column A to its correct answer in Column
B. Draw a line from the values asked in column A to the values in column B.

Column A Column B
1. What is the mass of 0.042 mole C8H18? a. 0.0178
2. What is the mass of 4.02 mol Ba(NO 2)2? b. 0.370
3. How many moles are there in 19.0 g of F2? c. 0.500
4. How many moles are there in 44.0 g of d. 4.80
NaH2PO4?
5. How many moles are there in 1.04 g NaCl? e. 921

41
 The general pattern is

Number of moles=mass of substance x 1 mole x mole ratio of atom to compound

Molar mass

Study the example given below.

Q. How many moles of Ca atoms are contained in 77.0 grams of Ca(OH) 2?

Solution Process:

Step 1. Identify the known and unknown.

Known: 77.0 g of Ca(OH)2

Unknown: number of moles of Ca

Step 2. Find the number of moles by looking at the subscript of the atoms in the
compound.
Ca = 1 mole ; O = 2 moles ; H = 2 moles

Step 3. Determine the mole ratio of Ca to Ca(OH) 2.

1 mol Ca

42
 1 mole Ca(OH)2

Step 4: Substitute values in the equation.

1 mol Mole ratio of

Moles = Mass of substance x x Atoms to
Molar mass compound

1 mol Ca(OH)2 1 mol Ca

Moles = 77 g Ca(OH)2 x x
74 g Ca(OH)2 1 mol Ca(OH)2

= 1.04 mole Ca

DO THIS ( ACTIVITY 10 )

Try this:
1. How many moles of S are there in 342.2 g of Al2(SO4)3?
2. How many moles of oxygen are there in 342.2 g of Al 2(SO4)3?

43
 YOUR VOCABULARY LIST

The following terms which are used in this module are defined as follows:
• Avogadro’s Number is the number of particles in one mole of a substance
which is equal to 6.02 x 1023 particles.
• Formula Unit an ionic compound that does not form molecules,as most
salts.The chemical formula with the least number of elements out of the set of
empirical formulas having the same proportion of ions as elements.

F. EVALUATE
ASSESSMENT #3

Pick the letter of the correct answer. Write it on the blank before the number.

____1.The number of molecules in 40g of Ammonia, NH3 is approximately _____.

a. 4.165 X 1024 c. 1.1296 X 1023
23
b. 2.558 X10 d. 1.4165 X 1024

____2.Calculate the molar mass of ammonium sulfate(NH4) 2SO4.

a. 128 grams c.296 grams
b.132 grams d.102 grams

____3.How many grams of calcium fluoride,CaF 2 is present in 0.53 moles

of CaF2?

a. 41.34 grams c. 248.87 grams

b. 147.17 grams d.78 grams

___4. How many ionic particles are present in 50g of copper sulfide, CuS?

a. 7.97 X 1023 ions c. 11.55 X 1023 ions

b. 3.14 X 1023 ions d. 6.53 X 1023 ions

___5. Calcium carbonate, CaCO3, is a chemical that is present in shells of snails.

What is its molar mass?

a. 110 g/mol c. 84 g/mol

b. 96 g/mol d. 100 g/mol

44
 YOUR ASSIGNMENT

• Complete the concept map with the appropriate terms using the following
words: ions, Avogadro’s number, mole, atoms, molecules, particles, mass,
compound, g/mole( molar mass), elements.

MATTER

is made –up
of

which maybe

Whose amount maybe expressed in

terms of
whose mass is
expressed in

equal to

Congratulations in finishing this

module! It was a week-long learning
journey and I know you are now ready
to take the posttest. Good Luck!

45
 YOUR POSTTEST

Multiple Choice. Read all items carefully and encircle the letter corresponding to
your correct answer.
1. Which statement is correct?
a. One mole of different substances have the same masses and different number of
particles.
b. The formula weight of the compound determines the number of particles in a
compound.
c. One mole of a substance contains a fixed number of particles.
d. One mole of a substance is not equal to 6.02 x 1023 things.
2. Which is equivalent to one mole?
a. 27.0 g aluminum pan c. 1.75 g silicon chip
b. 0.12 g diamond d. 8.0 g magnesium ribbon
3. Which is equivalent to one mole of Ca(NO3)2?
a. 40 g Ca(NO3)2; 6.02 x 1023 particles
b. 164 g Ca(NO3)2; 12.04 x 1023 particles
c. 328 g Ca(NO3)2; 6.02 x 1023 particles
d. 164 g Ca(NO3)2; 6.02 x 1023 particles
4. Which statement is correct regarding the molecule H2O?
a. one mole of H2O contains 1.806 x 1024 particles
b. one mole of H2O is equal to twice its molar mass
c. one mole of H2O has 18 particles
d. one mole of H20 contains 6.02 x 1023 particles
5. How many molecules are there in two moles of C5H8O6?
a. 2 x 1023 c. 1.204 x 1024
b. 6.02 x 1023 d. 6.02 x 1046

46
6. How many sodium atoms are there in 46 g Na atom?
a. 2 x 1023 c. 12.04 x 1023
b. 6.02 x 1023 d. 6.02 x 1046
7. Which statement is correct?
a. 4 g of NH3 is equal to 4 moles of NH3
b. 4 g of NH3 is equal to 1 mole of NH3
c. 4 moles of NH3 is equal to 17 g of NH3
d. 4 moles of NH3 is equal to 68 g of NH3
8. What is the mass of 1.5 moles of CH4?
a. 16 g b. 24 g c. 32 g d. 40 g
9. How many moles are contained in 24 g Mg?
a. 1 mol b. 2 mol c. 24 mol d. 48 mol
10. What is the mass of 2.5 mol CaCl2?
a. 40 g b. 70 g c. 120 g d. 275 g

47
 ANSWER KEY

• TRY THIS!
1. c
2. b
3. c
4. b
5. a
• ACTIVITY 7
Table 6: Data on Molar Relationship

1.a. Increasing mass (light to heaviest )

aluminum foil,sulfur,sugar,salt
1.b Increasing number of particles (lowest to highest )
sugar,aluminum foil,sulfur,salt
1.c. Increasing number of moles (lowest to highest )
sugar,aluminum foil,sulfur,salt
2. Yes, because as the number of moles increases, the number of particles
also increases. This can be reflected in the formula used to compute for the
number of particles (number of particles=moles x Avogadro’s number)

3. Increase in mass of the different substances does not necessarily mean

increase in the number of moles because the number of moles is computed
by dividing the mass of the sample by its molar mass.

4.One tablespoon of different substances has different masses, number of

moles and particles because they have different molar masses.
48
• ACTIVITY 8
Table 7: Molar Relationship

1. A particle is called an atom when it represents an element; molecule when it

represents a molecular compound ( CO2,CH4,H2O and other compounds
alike)and diatomic elements (N2,O2,H2,F2,Cl2,I2,Br2). Formula Unit when it
represent an ionic compound that does not form molecules,as most salts.
2. Mass in grams divided by the molar mass is equal to the number of moles.
( n= mass in grams/Molar mass )
Number of moles multiplied by the Molar mass is equal to the mass of a
substance in grams. ( mass in grams= (number of moles x Molar mass )
3. .a. Number of Particles= Mass (g )/Molar Mass x Avogadro’s Number
b. Number of Particles = No. of moles x Avogadro’s Number
c. number of moles of the sample=mass divided by the molar mass
or number of moles of the substance=Number of Particles divided by the
Avogadro’s number.
• DO THIS ( ACTIVITY 9 )
1. d 2. e 3. c 4. b 5. a
• TRY THIS ( ACTIVITY 10 )
1. 3 mol Sulfur
2. 12 mol Oxygen
• EVALUATE ( ASSESSMENT #3 )
1. d 2. b 3. a 4. b 5. D
• POSTTEST
1. c 6. c
2. a 7. d
3. d 8. b
4. d 9. a
5. c 10. d
49
 REFERENCES

Department of Education. Chemistry, Science and Technology Textbook for Third

Year. Reprint Edition,2006,2009.
Mapa, Amelia, and Trinidad, Fidelino. Chemistry ,Science and Technology Textbook
Developed by DepEd.SD Publications Inc.,2001
Bureau of Secondary Education.Project EASE ( Effective Alternative Secondary
Education).Department of Education ,DepEd Complex,Meralco Avenue, Pasig City.
Mayat-An, Marcelina. Mole Activity Sheets for Science-9 Mass of Substance.DepEd
Cordillera Administrative Region,SDO Ifugao.
Department of Education.Science Grade 9 Learner’s Material, 2015.
Department of Education,SDO Tabaco City.Prototype and Contextualized Daily
Lesson Plans,2019.

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