Particle Size Analysis: Instructions

DAIRY&
ANIMAL
Particle Size Analysis SCIENCE
http://www.das.psu.edu/dairynutrition/forages
Instructions
Summary: Enter the weight of particles on each sieve on the "Data" tab. The distribution will be
calculated and shown below your entries. View a graph of the results by clicking on the "Graph" tab.
See the explanation below for more details.
Disclaimer
If the ration contains more than 8% long particles (on the top screen), then the actual average
particle size should be measured by hand. Do not use the default value of 30 mm in this
spreadsheet.
Entering Sample Data

1. Click on the "Data" tab below.
2. Enter information in cells with blue text; always replace or delete the example text.
3. Be sure to enter the type of sample. Target ranges on the graph are based on sample type.
Use the following numeric code to identify the sample type:
TMR = 1 Corn silage = 2 Haylage = 3
4. Enter the sample name and the weight of particles left on each sieve.
If only one sample is analyzed, delete the example data for "Sample 2".
Reading the Output

1. The output from your measurements has two forms.
The "Output" section on the "Data" tab below.
A graph of your results on the "Graph" tab below.
2. The "Output" section
Percentage of particles on each sieve
Cummulative percent undersized, which is the amount under each sieve
Average length of particles in the sample
Standard deviation for length of particles in the sample
Recommended particle size distribution for your sample type
3. The Graph
Blue and orange points plot the cummulative percent undersized
Blue and orange lines show the "line of best fit" for the sample (regression)
Green boxes indicate a recommended target range for your sample type
Unless you are interested in the math and equations behind these calculations, you will not
need to use the "Calculations" tab below.
revised 7/8/2009
Developed by Coleen Jones, Paul Kononoff, and Jud Heinrichs
Questions?
If they concern using this spreadsheet, contact Coleen Jones at cjones@psu.edu
If you are interested in particle size and target ranges, contact Jud Heinrichs at ajh@psu.edu
DAIRY&
Particle Size Analysis ANIMAL
Datasheet SCIENCE
Farm Name Maximum Milk Makers Sample Date 7/15/2002

Address 658 Dairy Lane Sample Type 1
Anytown, PA 17956 1 = TMR, 2 = Corn silage, 3 = Haylage
INPUT
Sample 1: High Group TMR Sample 2: Low Group TMR

Seive Weight (grams) Weight (grams)
Upper 40.0 50.0
Middle 310.0 275.0
Lower 330.0 235.0
Bottom Pan 120.0 90.0
Total 800.0 650.0
OUTPUT
Section 1. Distribution of Particles
Sample 1: High Group TMR Sample 2: Low Group TMR

Particles Remaining Cumulative Particles Particles Remaining Cumulative Particles
Seive (% of total) (% under each sieve) (% of total) (% under each sieve)
Upper 5 95 8 92
Middle 39 56 42 50
Lower 41 15 36 14
Bottom Pan 15 14
Section 2. Sample Parameters
Sample 1 Sample 2
Average Particle Size (in) 0.21 0.23
Standard Deviation (in) 0.107 0.110
Section 3. Recommended Distribution of Particles Sample Type: TMR
Particles Remaining
Seive (% of total)
Upper 2 to 8
Middle 30 to 50
Lower 30 to 50
Bottom Pan 20 or less
515337766.xls Printed 03/21/2021

Cumulative Percentage Undersized
TMR Particle Size Analysis DAIRY&
ANIMAL
For: Maximum Milk Makers SCIENCE
46
hor
iz
lin
es
43
40
37
34
31
28
25
22
19
16
13
10
7
4
1
0.01 1 0.1 4 7 1 10
Particle size (inches)
Printed 03/21/2021
Sample 1 S
Calculation of average particle size (mm) Calculation of average particle
Pore size Retention di log di Mi log di Mi (log di - Pore size Retention

in g % (Mi) mm log dgm)2 in g
0.75 40 5.0 30 1.48 7.39 2.89 0.75 50
0.31 310 38.8 12.33 1.09 42.27 5.42 0.31 275
0.07 330 41.3 3.66 0.56 23.24 0.97 0.07 235
0 120 15.0 0.83 -0.08 -1.21 9.55 0 90
sum 800 100 71.69 18.83 sum 650
dgm 5.21 Sgm 2.72 dgm 5.86
Distributions to Graph Distributions to Graph

X Y X
Pore Size Cumulative Pore Size
(inches) % under each seive Y calc Y to graph (inches)
Upper 0.75 95.0 1.64485 4.8350859 Upper 0.75
Middle 0.31 56.3 0.15731 3.347543 Middle 0.31
Lower 0.07 15.0 -1.03643 2.1537989 Lower 0.07
Data to create Lognormal paper
Horizontal Grid generation data (inches)

X Y Y calc. Y to graph
0.01 0.1 -3.090232 0.1
10 0.1
0.01 1 -2.326348 0.86388

10 0.86388
0.01 2 -2.053749 1.13648

10 1.13648
0.01 5 -1.644854 1.54538

10 1.54538
0.01 10 -1.281552 1.90868

10 1.90868
0.01 20 -0.841621 2.34861

10 2.34861
0.01 30 -0.524401 2.66583

10 2.66583
0.01 40 -0.253347 2.93689

10 2.93689
0.01 50 0 3.19023
10 3.19023
0.01 60 0.253347 3.44358

10 3.44358
0.01 70 0.524401 3.71463

10 3.71463
0.01 80 0.841621 4.03185

10 4.03185
0.01 90 1.281552 4.47178

10 4.47178
0.01 95 1.644854 4.83509

10 4.83509
0.01 99 2.326348 5.51658

10 5.51658
0.01 99.9 3.090232 6.28046

10 6.28046
Target Range Data
TMR Corn Silage

X Y Y calc Y to graph X Y Y calc Y to graph
0.06 5 -1.644854 1.54538 0.06 1 -2.326348 0.863884
0.06 20 -0.841621 2.34861 0.06 5 -1.644854 1.545379
0.08 20 -0.841621 2.34861 0.08 5 -1.644854 1.545379
0.08 5 -1.644854 1.54538 0.08 1 -2.326348 0.863884
0.06 5 -1.644854 1.54538 0.06 1 -2.326348 0.863884
0.27 42 -0.201893 2.98834 0.27 26 -0.643345 2.546887

0.27 68 0.467699 3.65793 0.27 52 0.050154 3.240386
0.36 68 0.467699 3.65793 0.36 52 0.050154 3.240386
0.36 42 -0.201893 2.98834 0.36 26 -0.643345 2.546887
0.27 42 -0.201893 2.98834 0.27 26 -0.643345 2.546887
0.65 92 1.405072 4.5953 0.65 92 1.405072 4.595304

0.65 98 2.053749 5.24398 0.65 97 1.880794 5.071026
0.86 98 2.053749 5.24398 0.86 97 1.880794 5.071026
0.86 92 1.405072 4.5953 0.86 92 1.405072 4.595304
0.65 92 1.405072 4.5953 0.65 92 1.405072 4.595304
Vertical lines for manual plotting assistance

0.07 0.1
0.07 6.3
0.31 0.1
0.31 6.3
0.75 0.1
0.75 6.3
Graph Titles
TMR Particle Size Analysis
For For: Maximum Milk Makers
Sample 2
ion of average particle size (mm)
Retention di log di Mi log di Mi (log di -

% (Mi) mm log dgm)2
7.7 30 1.48 11.36 3.87
42.3 12.33 1.09 46.16 4.42
36.2 3.66 0.56 20.37 1.51
13.8 0.83 -0.08 -1.12 9.97
100 76.77 19.77
Sgm 2.78
tions to Graph
Y
Cumulative
% under each seive Y calc Y to graph
92.3 1.426077 4.616309
50.0 0 3.190232
13.8 -1.087257 2.102975
Haylage Range to print: TMR
X Y Y calc Y to graph X Y Y calc Y to graph
0.06 1 -2.326348 0.863884 0.06 5 -1.644854 1.545379
0.06 5 -1.644854 1.545379 0.06 20 -0.841621 2.348611
0.08 5 -1.644854 1.545379 0.08 20 -0.841621 2.348611
0.08 1 -2.326348 0.863884 0.08 5 -1.644854 1.545379
0.06 1 -2.326348 0.863884 0.06 5 -1.644854 1.545379
0.27 5 -1.644854 1.545379 0.27 42 -0.201893 2.988339

0.27 45 -0.125661 3.064571 0.27 68 0.467699 3.657931
0.36 45 -0.125661 3.064571 0.36 68 0.467699 3.657931
0.36 5 -1.644854 1.545379 0.36 42 -0.201893 2.988339
0.27 5 -1.644854 1.545379 0.27 42 -0.201893 2.988339
0.65 80 0.841621 4.031854 0.65 92 1.405072 4.595304

0.65 90 1.281552 4.471784 0.65 98 2.053749 5.243981
0.86 90 1.281552 4.471784 0.86 98 2.053749 5.243981
0.86 80 0.841621 4.031854 0.86 92 1.405072 4.595304
0.65 80 0.841621 4.031854 0.65 92 1.405072 4.595304

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DAIRY&

Entering Sample Data

Reading the Output

Farm Name Maximum Milk Makers Sample Date 7/15/2002

Sample 1: High Group TMR Sample 2: Low Group TMR

Sample 1: High Group TMR Sample 2: Low Group TMR

Section 2. Sample Parameters

Section 3. Recommended Distribution of Particles Sample Type: TMR

515337766.xls Printed 03/21/2021

Calculation of average particle size (mm) Calculation of average particle

Pore size Retention di log di Mi log di Mi (log di - Pore size Retention

dgm 5.21 Sgm 2.72 dgm 5.86

Distributions to Graph Distributions to Graph

Data to create Lognormal paper

Horizontal Grid generation data (inches)

0.01 1 -2.326348 0.86388

0.01 2 -2.053749 1.13648

0.01 5 -1.644854 1.54538

0.01 10 -1.281552 1.90868

0.01 20 -0.841621 2.34861

0.01 30 -0.524401 2.66583

0.01 40 -0.253347 2.93689

0.01 60 0.253347 3.44358

0.01 70 0.524401 3.71463

0.01 80 0.841621 4.03185

0.01 90 1.281552 4.47178

0.01 95 1.644854 4.83509

0.01 99 2.326348 5.51658

0.01 99.9 3.090232 6.28046

Target Range Data

TMR Corn Silage

0.27 42 -0.201893 2.98834 0.27 26 -0.643345 2.546887

0.65 92 1.405072 4.5953 0.65 92 1.405072 4.595304

Vertical lines for manual plotting assistance

ion of average particle size (mm)

Retention di log di Mi log di Mi (log di -

0.27 5 -1.644854 1.545379 0.27 42 -0.201893 2.988339

0.65 80 0.841621 4.031854 0.65 92 1.405072 4.595304

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