I.

PERHITUNGAN
Diketahui :
- Diameter pipa besar (D) = 26,8 mm
- Diameter pipa kecil (d) = 17, 3 mm

7.1. Perhitungan Pada Pipa Venturi

A. Menghitung ΔP secara teoritis
d = 17,3 mm dan D = 26,8 mm

π2
Q =
√( 1
8 ρ 4− 4
d D
1
x √∆ P
)
(3,14)2
Q=
√
8 × 1000 kg/m 3
1
( −2 4
−
1
2 4
(1,73 ×10 ) (2,68× 10 )
9,8596
m
× √∆ P
)
Q=
√ 8000 kg/m3
( 1
8,957 ×10
9,8596
−8
−
1
5,1587 ×10 −7 )
m
× √∆ P

Q=
√ 3
8000 kg/m ( 9.225.979,51254 ) m
9,8596
× √∆ P

Q=
√ 73.807 .836 .100,3 kg /m2
Q = √ 1,3× 10−10 × √ ∆ P
× √∆ P

Q2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
1. ΔP pada Pipa Venturi 1
L dm3
Q = 500 = 500
Jam Jam
500 dm3 1 m3 1 Jam
= × 3
×
Jam 1000 dm 3600 detik
= 0,00013888889 m3/detik
Q2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
(0,00013888889 m3/s)2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
1,929×10-8 m3/s2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
ΔP = 148,384615385 kg.m/s2
= 1,484 mbar

2. ΔP pada Pipa Venturi 2

 L dm3
Q = 800 = 800
Jam Jam
800 dm3 1m 3 1 Jam
= × 3
×
Jama 1000 dm 3600 detik
= 0,00022222222 m3/detik
Q2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
(0,00022222222 m3/s)2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
4,938×10-8 m3/s2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
ΔP = 379,846153846 kg.m/s2
= 3,798 mbar

3. ΔP pada Pipa Venturi 3

L dm3
Q = 1100 = 1100
Jam Jam
1100 dm3 1 m3 1 Jam
= × 3
×
Jam 1000 dm 3600 detik
= 0,00030555556 m3/detik
Q2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
(0,00030555556 m3/s)2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
9,336×10-8 m3/s2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
ΔP = 718,153846154 kg.m/s2
= 7,182 mbar

4. ΔP pada Pipa Venturi 4

L dm3
Q = 1400 = 1400
Jam Jam
1400 dm3 1 m3 1 Jam
= × 3
×
Jam 1000 dm 3600 detik
= 0,00038888889 m3/detik
Q2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
(0,00038888889 m3/s)2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
0,00000015123 m3/s2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
ΔP = 1.163,30769231 kg.m/s2
= 11,633 mbar
 5. ΔP pada Pipa Venturi 5
L dm3
Q = 1700 = 1700
Jam Jam
1700 dm3 1 m3 1 Jsm
= × 3
×
Jam 1000 dm 3600 detik
= 0,00047222222 m3/detik
Q2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
(0,00047222222 m3/s)2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
0,00000022299 m3/s2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
ΔP = 1.715,30769231 kg.m/s2
= 17,153 mbar

B. Menghitung Q secara teoritis

d = 17,3 mm dan D = 26,8 mm

π2
Q =
√( 1
8 ρ 4− 4
d D
1
x √∆ P
)
(3,14)2
Q=
√
8 × 1000 kg/m 3
1
( −2 4
−
1
2 4
(1,73 ×10 ) (2,68× 10 )
9,8596
m
× √∆ P
)
Q=
√ 8000 kg/m3
( 1
8,957 ×10
9,8596
−8
−
1
5,1587 ×10 −7
m
× √∆ P
)
Q=
√ 3
8000 kg/m ( 9.225.979,51254 ) m
9,8596
× √∆ P

Q=
√ 73.807 .836 .100,3 kg /m2
Q = √ 1,3× 10−10 × √ ∆ P
× √∆ P

Q2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
1. Q Teoritis Pada Pipa Venturi 1
(ΔP Praktek = 5 mbar = 500 Pa, Q Praktek= 500 L/Jam)
Q = √ 1,3× 10−10 × √ 500
3
m3 1000 dm 3600 s
= 0,00025495098 × ×
s 1m 3
1 Jam
= 917,824 L/Jam
 2. Q Teoritis Pada Pipa Venturi 2
(ΔP Praktek = 25 mbar = 2500 Pa, Q Praktek= 800 L/Jam)
Q = √ 1,3× 10−10 × √ 2500
3
m3 1000 dm 3600 s
= 0,00057008771 × ×
s 1m 3
1 Jam
= 2.052,316 L/Jam

3. Q Teoritis Pada Pipa Venturi 3

(ΔP Praktek = 37 mbar = 3700 Pa, Q Praktek= 1100 L/Jam)
Q = √ 1,3× 10−10 × √ 3700

m
3
1000 dm3 3600 s
= 0,00069354164 × ×
s 1m 3 1 Jam
= 2.496,750 L/Jam

4. Q Teoritis Pada Pipa Venturi 4

(ΔP Praktek = 59 mbar = 5900 Pa, Q Praktek= 1400 L/Jam)
Q = √ 1,3× 10−10 × √ 5900
3
m3 1000 dm 3600 s
= 0,00087578536 × ×
s 1m 3
1 Jam
= 3.152,827 L/Jam

5. Q Teoritis Pada Pipa Venturi 5

(ΔP Praktek = 72 mbar = 7200 Pa, Q Praktek= 1700 L/Jam)
Q = √ 1,3× 10−10 × √ 7200
3
m3 1000 dm 3600 s
= 0,00096747093 × ×
s 1m 3
1 Jam
= 3.482,895 L/Jam

7.2. Perhitungan Pada Pipa Orifice

A. Menghitung ΔP secara teoritis
d = 17,3 mm dan D = 26,8 mm
 π2
Q =
√( 1
8 ρ 4− 4
d D
1
x √∆ P
)
(3,14)2
Q=
√
8 × 1000 kg/m 3
1
(
−2 4
−
1
2 4
(1,73 ×10 ) (2,68× 10 )
9,8596
m
× √∆ P
)
Q=
√8000 kg/m3
( 1
8,957 ×10
9,8596
−8
−
1
5,1587 ×10 −7 )
m
× √∆ P

Q=
√ 3
8000 kg/m ( 9.225.979,51254 ) m
9,8596
× √∆ P

Q=
√73.807 .836 .100,3 kg /m2
Q = √ 1,3× 10−10 × √ ∆ P
× √∆ P

Q2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP

1. ΔP pada Pipa Orifice 1

L dm3
Q = 500 = 500
Jam Jam
500 dm3 1 m3 1 Jam
= × 3
×
Jam 1000 dm 3600 detik
= 0,00013888889 m3/detik
Q2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
(0,00013888889 m3/s)2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
1,929×10-8 m3/s2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
ΔP = 148,384615385 kg.m/s2
= 1,484 mbar

2. ΔP pada Pipa Orifice 2

L dm3
Q = 800 = 800
Jam Jam
800 dm3 1m 3 1 Jam
= × 3
×
Jama 1000 dm 3600 detik
= 0,00022222222 m3/detik
Q2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
(0,00022222222 m3/s)2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
4,938×10-8 m3/s2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
ΔP = 379,846153846 kg.m/s2
 = 3,798 mbar
3. ΔP pada Pipa Orifice 3
L dm3
Q = 1100 = 1100
Jam Jam
1100 dm3 1 m3 1 Jam
= × 3
×
Jam 1000 dm 3600 detik
= 0,00030555556 m3/detik
Q2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
(0,00030555556 m3/s)2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
9,336×10-8 m3/s2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
ΔP = 718,153846154 kg.m/s2
= 7,182 mbar

4. ΔP pada Pipa Orifice 4

L dm3
Q = 1400 = 1400
Jam Jam
1400 dm3 1 m3 1 Jam
= × 3
×
Jam 1000 dm 3600 detik
= 0,00038888889 m3/detik
Q2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
(0,00038888889 m3/s)2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
0,00000015123 m3/s2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
ΔP = 1.163,30769231 kg.m/s2
= 11,633 mbar

5. ΔP pada Pipa Orifice 5

L dm3
Q = 1700 = 1700
Jam Jam
1700 dm3 1 m3 1 Jsm
= × 3
×
Jam 1000 dm 3600 detik
= 0,00047222222 m3/detik
Q2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
(0,00047222222 m3/s)2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
 0,00000022299 m3/s2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP
ΔP = 1.715,30769231 kg.m/s2
= 17,153 mbar

B. Menghitung Q secara teoritis

d = 17,3 mm dan D = 26,8 mm

π2
Q =
√( 1
8 ρ 4− 4
d D
1
x √∆ P
)
(3,14)2
Q=
√
8 × 1000 kg/m3
1
−
( 1
(1,73 ×10−2)4 (2,68× 102) 4
9,8596
m
× √∆ P
)
Q=
√
8000 kg/m3
1
8,957 ×10 (
−8
−

9,8596
1
5,1587 ×10 −7
m
× √∆ P
)
Q=
√ 3
8000 kg/m ( 9.225.979,51254 ) m
9,8596
× √∆ P

Q=
√√
73.807 .836 .100,3 kg /m2
Q = 1,3× 10−10 × √ ∆ P
× √∆ P

Q2 = 1,3×10-10 × ΔP

1. Q Teoritis Pada Pipa Orifice 1

(ΔP Praktek = 4 mbar = 400 Pa, Q Praktek= 500 L/Jam)
Q = √ 1,3× 10−10 × √ 400
3
m3 1000 dm 3600 s
= 0,00022803509 × ×
s 1m 3
1 Jam
= 820,926 L/Jam

2. Q Teoritis Pada Pipa Orifice 2

(ΔP Praktek = 21 mbar = 2100 Pa, Q Praktek= 800 L/Jam)
Q = √ 1,3× 10−10 × √ 2100
3
m3 1000 dm 3600 s
= 0,00052249402 × ×
s 1m 3
1 Jam
= 1.880,978 L/Jam
 3. Q Teoritis Pada Pipa Orifice 3
(ΔP Praktek = 33 mbar = 3300 Pa, Q Praktek= 1100 L/Jam)
Q = √ 1,3× 10−10 × √ 3300
3
m3 1000 dm 3600 s
= 0,00065498092 × ×
s 1m 3
1 Jam
= 2.357,931 L/Jam
4. Q Teoritis Pada Pipa Orifice 4
(ΔP Praktek = 51 mbar = 5100 Pa, Q Praktek= 1400 L/Jam)
Q = √ 1,3× 10−10 × √ 5100
3
m3 1000 dm 3600 s
= 0,00081424812 × ×
s 1m 3
1 Jam
= 2.931,293 L/Jam
5. Q Teoritis Pada Pipa Orifice 5
(ΔP Praktek = 68 mbar = 6800 Pa, Q Praktek= 1700 L/Jam)
Q = √ 1,3× 10−10 × √ 6800
3
m3 1000 dm 3600 s
= 0,00094021274 × ×
s 1m 3
1 Jam
= 3.384,766 L/Jam
7.3. Menghitung Konstanta (K) dari laju alir yang digunakan pada Flowmeter
A. Pada Pipa Venturi
1. Teoritis
a. Pada Pipa Venturi 1
Q = K√ Δ P
917,824 = K √ 1,484
917,824
K=
1,218
= 753,550
b. Pada Pipa Venturi 2
Q = K√ Δ P
2.052,316 = K √ 3,798
2.052,316
K=
1,949
= 1.053,010
 c. Pada Pipa Venturi 3
Q = K√ Δ P
2.496,750 = K √ 7,182
2.496,750
K=
2,680
= 931,623
d. Pada Pipa Venturi 4
Q = K√ Δ P
3.152,827 = K √ 11,633
3.152,827
K=
3,411
= 924,312
e. Pada Pipa Venturi 5
Q = K√ Δ P
3.482,895 = K √ 17,153
3.482,895
K=
4,142
= 840,873

2. Praktek
a. Pada Pipa Venturi 1
Q = K√ Δ P
500 = K √ 5
500
K=
2,236
= 223,614
b. Pada Pipa Venturi 2
Q = K√ Δ P
800 = K √ 25
800
K=
5
= 160
c. Pada Pipa Venturi 3
Q = K√ Δ P
1100 = K √ 37
1100
K=
6,083
 = 180,832
d. Pada Pipa Venturi 4
Q = K√ Δ P
1400 = K √ 59
1400
K=
7,681
= 182,268
e. Pada Pipa Venturi 5
Q = K√ Δ P
1700 = K √ 72
1700
K=
8,485
= 200,354

B. Pada Pipa Orifice

1. Teoritis
a. Pada Pipa Orifice 1
Q = K√ Δ P
820,926 = K √ 1,484
820,926
K=
1,218
= 673,995
b. Pada Pipa Orifice 2
Q = K√ Δ P
1.880,978 = K √ 3,798
1.880,978
K=
1,949
= 965,099
c. Pada Pipa Orifice 3
Q = K√ Δ P
2.357,931 = K √ 7,182
2.357,931
K=
2,680
= 879,825
d. Pada Pipa Orifice 4
Q = K√ Δ P
2.931,293 = K √ 11,633
2.931,293
K=
3,411
= 859,365
e. Pada Pipa Orifice 5
Q = K√ Δ P
3.384,766 = K √ 17,153
 3.384,766
K=
4,142
= 817,182

2. Praktek
a. Pada Pipa Orifice 1
Q = K√ Δ P
500 = K √ 5
500
K=
2,236
= 223,614
b. Pada Pipa Orifice 2
Q = K√ Δ P
800 = K √ 25
800
K=
5
= 160
c. Pada Pipa Orifice 3
Q = K√ Δ P
1100 = K √ 37
1100
K=
6,083
= 180,832
d. Pada Pipa Orifice 4
Q = K√ Δ P
1400 = K √ 59
1400
K=
7,681
= 182,268
 e. Pada Pipa Orifice 5
Q = K√ Δ P
1700 = K √ 72
1700
K=
8,485
= 200,354

7.4. Menghitung Persentase Kesalahan

7.4.1. Menghitung persentase kesalahan pada Flow I (Tabung Venturi)
A. Menghitung persentase kesalahan Laju Alir (Q)
1) Pada Pipa Venturi 1
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis |× 100%

917,824−500
=|
917,824 |
× 100%

= 45,52%
2) Pada Pipa Venturi 2
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis | × 100%

2052,316−800
=|
2052,316 |
× 100%

= 61,02%
3) Pada Pipa Venturi 3
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis | × 100%

2496,750−1100
=|
2496,750 |
× 100%

= 55,94%
4) Pada Pipa Venturi 4
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis | × 100%

3152,827−1400
=|
3152,827 |
× 100%

= 55,60%
5) Pada Pipa Venturi 5
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis | × 100%

3482,895−1700
=|
3482,895 |
× 100%

= 51,19%
B. Menghitung persentase kesalahan Beda Tekanan (ΔP)
1) Pada Pipa Venturi 1
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis |
× 100%

1,484−5
= |1,484 | × 100%

= 236,93%
2) Pada Pipa Venturi 2
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis |
× 100%

3,798−25
= | 3,798 |
× 100%

= 558,24%
3) Pada Pipa Venturi 3
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis |
× 100%

7,182−37
= | 7,182 |
× 100%

= 415,18%
4) Pada Pipa Venturi 4
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis |
× 100%

11,633−59
= | 11,633 |
× 100%

= 407,18%
5) Pada Pipa Venturi 5
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis |
× 100%

17,153−72
= |17,153 |
× 100%

= 319,75%

C. Menghitung persentase kesalahan Konstanta (K)

1) Pada Pipa Venturi 1

% Kesalahan = |Teoritis−Praktek
Teoritis |× 100%
753,550−223,614
=| |× 100%
753,550
= 70,33%
2) Pada Pipa Venturi 2
 % Kesalahan = |Teoritis−Praktek
Teoritis |× 100%
1053,010−160
=|
1053,010 |
× 100%

= 84,81%
3) Pada Pipa Venturi 3
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis |
× 100%

931,623−180,832
=| |× 100%
931,623
= 80,59%
4) Pada Pipa Venturi 4
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis |
× 100%

924,312−182,268
=| |× 100%
924,312
= 80,28%
5) Pada Pipa Venturi 5
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis |
× 100%

840,873−200,354
=| |× 100%
840,873
= 76,17%

7.4.2. Menghitung persentase kesalahan pada Flow II (Tabung Orifice)

A. Menghitung persentase kesalahan Laju Alir (Q)
1) Pada Pipa Orifice 1
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis
× 100% |
820,926−500
= | 820,926 |× 100%
= 39,09%
2) Pada Pipa Orifice 2
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis
× 100% |
1880,978−800
= | 1880,978 |
× 100%
= 57,47%
3) Pada Pipa Orifice 3
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis
× 100% |
2357,931−1100
= | 2357,931 |
× 100%
 = 53,35%
4) Pada Pipa Orifice 4
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis
× 100% |
2931,293−1400
= | 2931,293 |
× 100%
= 52,24%
5) Pada Pipa Orifice 5
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis
× 100% |
3384,766−1700
= | 3384,766 |
× 100%
= 49,78%

B. Menghitung persentase kesalahan Beda Tekanan (ΔP)

1) Pada Pipa Orifice 1
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis
× 100%|
1,484−4
= | 1,484 | × 100%

= 169,54%
2) Pada Pipa Orifice 2
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis
× 100%|
3,798−21
= | 3,798 |
× 100%

= 452,92%
3) Pada Pipa Orifice 3
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis
× 100%|
7,182−33
= | 7,182 |
× 100%

= 359,48%
4) Pada Pipa Orifice 4
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis
× 100%|
11,633−51
= | 11,633 |
× 100%

= 338,41%
5) Pada Pipa Orifice 5
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis
× 100%|
 = |17,153−68
17,153 |
× 100%

= 296,43%

C. Menghitung persentase kesalahan Konstanta (K)

1) Pada Pipa Orifice 1
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis |
× 100%

673,995−223,614
= | 673,995 |
× 100%

= 66,82%
2) Pada Pipa Orifice 2
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis |
× 100%

965,099−160
= | 965,099 |× 100%

= 83,42%
3) Pada Pipa Orifice 3
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis |
× 100%

879,825−180,832
= | 879,825 |
× 100%

= 79,45%
4) Pada Pipa Orifice 4
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis |
× 100%

859,365−182,268
= | 859,365 |
× 100%

= 78,79%
5) Pada Pipa Orifice 5
Teoritis−Praktek
% Kesalahan = | Teoritis |
× 100%

817,182−200,354
= | 817,182 |
× 100%

= 75,48%