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Conditionals Grammar

The document discusses different types of conditional sentences in English including zero, first, second, and third conditionals. It provides examples of each type and explains their structure and typical uses. It also covers expressions like 'unless', 'provided/providing', and 'wish/if only' and includes exercises for the reader to practice forming conditional sentences.

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21 views

Conditionals Grammar

The document discusses different types of conditional sentences in English including zero, first, second, and third conditionals. It provides examples of each type and explains their structure and typical uses. It also covers expressions like 'unless', 'provided/providing', and 'wish/if only' and includes exercises for the reader to practice forming conditional sentences.

Uploaded by

marina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONDITIONALS

ZERO CONDITIONAL (general truths)


If + present ------------------------ present
If we heat ice, it melts

FIRST CONDITIONAL: (Real situations, a condition we believe is possible)

If + present --------------------------- future


present
imperative
If you fall, I won’t be able to catch you.
Leave me and I’ll die of a broken heart.

SECOND CONDITIONAL: (Unreal situations, imaginary condition,which we believe to


be impossible or improbable)

If + past ------------------------- conditional


(Would + infinitive)
If you fell, you would hurt yourself.

THIRD CONDITIONAL: ( Impossible situations, we use this to talk about past events
which cannto be changed, so we know that the condition is impossible.)

If + Past Perfect ----------------------- Conditional Perfect


(Had + p.p.) (Would + have + p.p.)

If you had tried harder, you would have succeeded.

 Unless = a menos que ( equivale a una frase de if + not) it is used with the present
tense to talk about the future.
We’re going unless the weather gets much worse. (=if the weather doesn’t get
much worse)
 Provided/providing that and as/so long as= siempre que, con tal de que
These expressions are used with a present tense to talk about the future
As long as we all stay together, we’ll have a great time

 I wish and If only (I wish means the same as if only. If only is less common.

Wish and If only + past simple is used to express a wish (ojalá)


I wish you loved me (=but you don’t love me)
I wish I Knew the answer (=but I don’t know the answer)
We use were instead of was after I ,he, she, it: I wish I were clever like you

Wish/if only+ past perfect is used when we express a wish or a regret about the
past, It’s like the third conditional- the event can’t be changed.
She wishes she’d never met him (=but she met him)

Wish/if only + would is used when we express a wish (for something to happen
now or in the future, for someone to do something (often when we are annoyed)
I wish you would stay longer
I wish the waiter would hurry up
Choose the most suitable tense:

a) If the machine stops/will stop, you press/will press this button.


b) If you help me /helped me with this exercise, I will do/ would do the same for you one
day.
c) According to the timetable, if the train leaves/left on time we will/would arrive at 5:30.
d) If it is / it will be fine tomorrow, we go/ will go to the coast.
e) If we find/ found a taxi, we will get / would get there before the play starts.
f) It’s quite simple really. If you take/ will take / took these tablets every day, then you lose/
will lose /lost /would lose weight.

COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES:

a. If the weather is fine, we............................................. on a picnic.


b. If you have a toothache, ......................................... the dentist!
c. Plants would die if you .......................................... them water.
d. If it keeps on snowing, the buses.............................................. running.
e. Unless you .......................................... from me by six o’clock, take the train.
f. If you want peace and quiet, .............................................. in the library.
g. If we ............................................ ,we’ll take a holiday.
h. If we had any spare time, we...............................................
i. If I were you, I..............................................
j. I ........................................ more weight if I had gone on a diet sooner.
k. They .............................................. us if they had had enough time.
l. You could get a better mark if ..................................................
m. If you had been here on time, ..................................................

SUPPLY THE CORRECT TENSE:

1.- I ......................................... (watch) the film if it were interesting.


2.- You will catch the plane if you ............................................. (take) a taxi.
3.- I ..........................................(drink) my coke if it had not been so cold.
4.- Go and see him if you ............................................ (have) time.
5.- If you ......................................... (be) less shy, you would make more progress.
6.- If you drink too much, you ....................................... (be) ill.
7.- There would not have been a war if both countries .................................................... (not
be) so proud.
8.- If you give him the parcel he .......................................... (post) it.
9.- If you ........................................ (work) harder you would pass your exam.
10.- If you phone him, ......................................... (tell) him to come.

FINISH THESE SENTENCES:

1. I would go for a walk if .................................................................................................


2. If she does that again, I ...................................................................................................
3. If you had done as I told you, you ...................................................................................
4. If she became a great painter, she.....................................................................................
5. If I were you, I ..................................................................................................................
6. He would have arrived on time if .....................................................................................
7. Will you promise to help me if I .....................................................................................?

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