Informative Speech – a type of speech according to purpose which o striking statistics Consider what Lucas (2011) writes about

striking statistics Consider what Lucas (2011) writes about how the audience can be
provides the audience with a clear understanding of the concept or o shocking incident persuaded by a speaker. The audience can be persuaded by the
idea presented by the speaker o memorable following reasons.
anecdotes
Types of Informative Speeches o humorous •They perceive that the speaker has credibility.
observations or •They are convinced by the evidence presented by the speaker.
experiences
Types Descriptions Specific Examples •They are convinced by the speaker’s reasoning.
6. Compelling ideas to •Do you appeal to your
Speech about This focuses on tangible Yourself, Sherlock •Their emotions are touched by the speaker’s ideas or use of
make your target audience listeners’ minds?
objects or items like gadgets, holmes, New iphone language.
feel and think •Do you appeal to your
people products, structures, or model, manila listeners’ hearts?
people. Visual aids may be cathedral 7. Salient motives to target •Do you motivate your 1. How to enhance your credibility
necessary. the salient needs of your audience by incorporating a. Explain how you became an expert on
Speech about This focuses on a process or First aid, short story audience ideas and thoughts important the topic. You can do this by sharing
processes sequence of events. Visual writing, photography, to their growth and how well you read, investigated, or
aids are necessary. web design development as individuals? researched the topic.
Speech about This focuses on an event Martial law, zombie b. Connect your experiences, beliefs,
events that happened, is invasion, accident, values or attitudes with your audience’s.
happening, or might happen cosplay show
You can do this by telling your audience
in the future.
that you have the same experiences,
Speech about This focuses on beliefs, Bigbang theory
Types of Claims in Persuasive Speech beliefs, values or attitudes.
concepts knowledge, theories, Bermuda triangle,
principles or ideas. feminism c. Practice more often so you can deliver
your speech with conviction. You can do
1. Speech that Questions Fact This type questions the existence
this by exposing yourself more often to
of a particular event or happening. In this case, the persuasive
speaking situations Also, simply practicing
Organizational Patterns speaker poses questions of fact, derives conclusions from
more often before your actual speech
different sources of information, and attempts to convince the
performance will increase your
A. Chronological Pattern. This can be used if you audience to believe in his/her ideas.
confidence and help you deliver your
want to present the history, evolution, or 2. Speech that Questions Value This type focuses on questions of
speech with conviction.
development of your topic in a sequential order, value regarding topics on the self, family, friendship, religion,
2. How to use evidence
from past to present or beginning to end. government, freedom, love, and money, among others. In this
a. Specify evidence. You can do this by
B. Spatial Pattern – this pattern is used when you case, the persuasive speaker (1) makes a statement or claim
citing statistics, research studies, and
want to talk about the physical structure of an which reflects his/her judgment, (2) attempts to convince
other valid and credible information.
object or the way things fit together in a certain his/her audience of his/her judgment, and (3) justifies it based
b. Avoid outdated evidence. You can do
space (Glendale Community College; University of on standards.
this by reading and digging new evidence
Washington Tacoma). Topics that deal with 3. Speech that Questions Policy This type questions the current
to keep yourself updated on the
geography fit this pattern best. Below state of things which can impact the future. In this case, the
significant facts and figures.
C. Topical/Categorical Pattern. This can be used if persuasive speaker asks relevant questions that can help in
c. Choose reputable or credible sources for
you want to inform your audience about the main making a decision on whether or not something should be
your evidence. You can do this by
features, descriptions, or categories of your topic. implemented, observed, or done.
carefully identifying and evaluating your
D. Cause-Effect Pattern. This can be used if you want sources.
to show the causal relationship of events or Organizational Patterns 3. How to use reasoning
phenomena. (Single Cause multiple effects, single Avoid logical fallacies or errors in reasoning. You
effect multiple causes, Multiple Causes-Multiple 1. A. F.O.R.E.S.T. (anecdotes, facts and figures, opinion, rhetorical can do this by studying the types of logical
Effects, domino effects) questions, emotive language, superlatives, tripling) Below are the fallacies. The following are some of the most
E. Comparison-Contrast. This can be used if you rules in applying this pattern. common errors in reasoning.
want to compare objects, events, or concepts o Ad Hominem: This happens when you
underscoring their similarities and differences. attack the character of a person instead
(1) Anecdotes. Begin your speech with a personal story,
observation, or experience. of his argument.
Definition of Persuasive Speech (2) Facts and figures. How to avoid: When you give your
Provide striking statistics that can support your ideas. (3) Opinion. rebuttal, focus on the arguments of
Persuasive speaking is the form of communication that people of Add in your opinion. You can begin your statement with, “I believe the person, not on his/her character
diverse backgrounds mostly engage in. This kind of speech can that…”. or values.
center on any arguably interesting topic under the sun. When you (4) Rhetorical questions. Think of and add engaging rhetorical o Circular Argument: This happens when
deliver your persuasive speech, your primary goal is to influence the questions (i.e., questions which do not intend to elicit answers, but the idea of a stated argument is
thoughts, feelings, actions, and behaviors or attitudes of your to make a point). (5) Emotive language. Appeal to your audience’s repeated.
listeners (Gamble & Gamble, 2012). Likewise, you also aim to emotion. (6) Superlatives. Use superlatives to How to avoid: Do not repeat the
change their perception and convince them that your argument is exaggerate an idea. (7) Tripling. The rule of three argument; instead, prove it.
more important, practical, attainable, or feasible. In essence, you— in the English writing principle simply entails using three words o False Analogy: This happens when two
as a persuasive speaker—advocate for whatever your message is. together to reinforce your point. This may add to the effectiveness things, which might be alike in some
of your persuasion. A classic example is Julius Caesar’s statement: respects, are compared and assumed to
Qualities of an Effective Persuasive Speech “Veni, vidi, vici” (I came, I saw, I conquered). be similar in other ways.
How to avoid: Look at the
2. Problem-Solution Here’s how: (1) Identify the problem. (2) characteristics, features, or
Qualities Guide Questions components of two people or objects
1. Well-defined goal •What is your specific goal in Provide a solution, which will show the practicality of your proposal
closely to see whether they can
mind?
really be compared or not.
•Do you expect your 3. Problem-Cause-Solution Below are the rules in applying this
o False Authority: This happens when a
audience to think differently, pattern. (1) Identify the problem. (2) Analyze the root causes of the
act differently, or both, after statement of someone who is not an
problem. (3) Provide a solution to the problem.
they listen to your speech? expert in the field in question is being
2. Clear main point •Is the main point of your used in an argument.
4. Comparative Advantages Below are the rules in applying this How to avoid: Check properly the
speech clear to you?
pattern. (1) Identify the problem. (2) Present at least two solutions qualifications of the person being
•Is it specific and focused?
to the problem. (3) Compare the two in terms of practicality and cited.
3. Sufficient supporting •Do you have factual
ideas statements, reliable sources, feasibility. o False Cause and Effect: This happens
or solid evidence to support when the connection between two
your main point? 5. Monroe’s Motivated Sequence Alan Monroe, a professor from consecutive events are not clear.
•Do you have enough Purdue University, created an outline for making speeches based on How to avoid: Clarify the connections
number of supporting the psychology of persuasion (Ehninger, Monroe, & Granbeck, between the events by explaining
statements 1978). This outline is known as Monroe’s Motivated both backgrounds clearly.
4. Logical reasoning •How will you state your Sequence.Here’s how to apply this technique: o Hasty Generalization: This happens when
(concrete reasons why arguments?
a conclusion is drawn from insufficient
your listeners should •Will you use any of the
1. Grab the attention of the audience by identifying the challenge evidence.
support your ideas) following?
you plan to confront, or the problem you plan to address. How to avoid: Provide enough pieces
o deductive (general
evidence to specific) 2. Establish the need or of evidence before making any
o inductive (specific urgency to address the identified challenge or problem. conclusions.
evidence to general) o Red Herring: This happens when the
o causal (cause/s and answer does not address the question.
effect/s, or vice versa) 3. Present possible solutions to your audience How to avoid: Do not avoid opposing
o analogy (compared to to satisfy the need. 4. Help your audience arguments. Instead, address them
things or situations) visualize. Use vivid words to convince your audience about the properly.
5. Effective and powerful Do you use any of the benefits they can gain from the solutions you presented.
ways to gain the attention following effective 5. Engage the audience to participate in 4. How to use emotional appeal
of your audience techniques to grab the promoting change through a call for action.
attention of your listeners
and engage them in your a. Internalize what you are saying. The audience will be more
speech? Methods of Persuasion convinced of your message if you also show conviction in what you
o powerful and relevant are saying. b. Use emotion appropriately. Although a well-
question executed emotional appeal can be used as a strong weapon in
persuasive speech, take note to use it only when appropriate to the
message. Use it as an accessory only; make sure not to replace
evidence and reasoning with pure emotion.