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    Titanium and Its Alloys: Notes

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    Ahmed Khasawneh
    Titanium and its alloys have several useful properties including high strength, low density, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. Titanium undergoes an allotropic phase transformation around 885°C, changing its crystal structure. Depending on their composition and microstructure, titanium alloys are classified as alpha, alpha-beta, beta, or near-alpha. Common titanium alloys include Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-5Al-2.5Sn, with alloying elements like aluminum, vanadium, and molybdenum used to modify the alloy's properties.

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    Titanium and Its Alloys: Notes

    Uploaded by

    Ahmed Khasawneh
    37 views1 page
    Titanium and its alloys have several useful properties including high strength, low density, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. Titanium undergoes an allotropic phase transformation around 885°C, changing its crystal structure. Depending on their composition and microstructure, titanium alloys are classified as alpha, alpha-beta, beta, or near-alpha. Common titanium alloys include Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-5Al-2.5Sn, with alloying elements like aluminum, vanadium, and molybdenum used to modify the alloy's properties.

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    Titanium and its alloys have several useful properties including high strength, low density, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. Titanium undergoes an allotropic phase transformation around 885°C, changing its crystal structure. Depending on their composition and microstructure, titanium alloys are classified as alpha, alpha-beta, beta, or near-alpha. Common titanium alloys include Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-5Al-2.5Sn, with alloying elements like aluminum, vanadium, and molybdenum used to modify the alloy's properties.

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    37 views1 page

    Titanium and Its Alloys: Notes

    Uploaded by

    Ahmed Khasawneh
    Titanium and its alloys have several useful properties including high strength, low density, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. Titanium undergoes an allotropic phase transformation around 885°C, changing its crystal structure. Depending on their composition and microstructure, titanium alloys are classified as alpha, alpha-beta, beta, or near-alpha. Common titanium alloys include Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-5Al-2.5Sn, with alloying elements like aluminum, vanadium, and molybdenum used to modify the alloy's properties.

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    Te c h

    Notes

    Titanium and its Alloys


    Titanium is a low-density good corrosion resistance Approximate temperature, °C
    element (approximately provided by various 93 204 316 427 538
    190
    60% of the density of iron) titanium alloys at very low
    that can be highly to elevated temperatures 170 Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo 1172
    strengthened by alloying allows weight savings in
    and deformation aerospace structures and 150 1034
    processing. Titanium is other high-performance

    Stress, MPa
    Stress, ksi
    nonmagnetic and has good applications. The excellent 130 896
    heat-transfer properties. Its corrosion resistance and Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn
    110 730
    coefficient of thermal biocompatibility coupled Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
    expansion is somewhat with good strength make
    90 620
    lower than that of steels titanium and its alloys Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V
    and less than half that of useful in chemical and Ti-5Al-2.55n
    482
    70 Ti-6Al-4V
    aluminum. petrochemical applications,
    marine environments, and
    200 400 600 800 1000 1200
    Titanium and its alloys have biomaterials.
    Approximate temperature, °F
    melting points higher than
    those of steels, but Alloy classes temperature. Various this is the molybdenum and
    maximum useful Titanium undergoes an metallic impurities or vanadium additions in
    temperatures for structural allotropic transformation at alloying elements may Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V.
    applications generally about 885°C (1625°F), either raise or lower the
    range from 425 to 595°C changing from a close- transformation A near-alpha or super-alpha
    (800 to 1100°F). Titanium packed hexagonal (cph) temperature. alloy may appear
    aluminide alloys show crystal structure ( alpha microstructurally similar to
    promise for applications at phase) to a body-centered Depending on their an alpha alloy. An alpha-
    temperatures up to 760 °C cubic (bcc) crystal structure microstructure, titanium beta alloy consists of alpha
    (1400 °F). (beta phase). The transfor- alloys fall into one of four and retained or transformed
    mation temperature (beta- classes: alpha, near-alpha, beta, and commercial beta
    Titanium has the ability to transus —completion of alpha-beta, or beta. These alloys tend to retain the
    be passivated, and thus transformation to beta on classes denote the general beta phase on initial cooling
    exhibits a high degree of heating) is strongly type of microstructure after to room temperature, but
    immunity to attack by most influenced by the interstitial processing. Most alpha precipitates secondary
    mineral acids and chlorides. elements oxygen, nitrogen, alloys have a minimal phases during heat
    Titanium is nontoxic and and carbon (alpha amount of beta phase, treatment.
    generally biologically stabilizers), which raise the sometimes as a result of
    compatible with human transformation tramp iron, as in
    tissues and bones. temperature. commercially pure titanium; Metals Handbook Desk
    and sometimes due to Edition —> Introduction and
    The combination of high Hydrogen is a beta minor beta-stabilizer Overview of Titanium and
    strength, stiffness, good stabilizer, and lowers the additions to enhance Titanium Alloys —> Alloy
    toughness, low density, and transformation workability. An example of Systems
    Sampling of various titanium alloys and their compositions
    Tensile 0.2% yield
    strength, min strength, min Nominal composition, wt%
    Designation MPa ksi MPa ksi Al Sn Zr Mo V Other
    Unalloyed grades
    ASTM grade 1 240 35 170 25 — — — — — —
    ASTM grade 2 340 50 280 40 — — — — — —
    D and near- D alloys
    Ti-5Al-2.5Sn 790 115 760 110 5 2.5 — — — —
    Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo 900 130 830 120 6 2 4 2 — 0.08Si
    D-E alloys
    Ti-6Al-4V 900 130 830 120 6 — — — 4 —
    Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn 1030 150 970 140 6 2 — — 6 0.75Cu
    E alloys
    Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al 1170 170 1100 160 3 — — — 10 2Fe
    Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr 900 130 830 120 3 — 4 4 8 6Cr

    ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSES/JANUARY 2008 97

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