Problem Set Number 1

FLUID MACHINERY
Provide complete solutions for the following problems, include cancellation of units and
schematic diagram. Follow “Problem - Given – Schematic Diagram – Solution” format. It must
be submitted on the day of examination.
1. The design of flow water in a pump installation is 60.6 kg/sec. The intake static gage
is located 1.22 m below the pump center line and reads 68.95 Kpa gage; the discharge
static gage is 0.61 m below the pump centerline and reads 344.75 Kpa gage. The gage
is located close to the pump as much as possible. The area of the intake and discharge
pipes are 0.093 m2 and 0.069 m2 respectively. The pump efficiency is 70%. Take
density of water equals 1000 kg/m3. What is the hydraulic power in KW?
2. A double suction, single stage, centrifugal pumps deliver 900 m3/hr of seawater (SG
= 1.03) from a source where the water level varies two meters from high tide to low
tide water level. The pump centerline is located 2.6 m above the surface of the water
at high tide level. The pump discharges into a surface condenser, 3m above pump
centerline. Loss of head due to friction in suction pipe is 0.8m and that in the discharge
side is 3 m. pump is directly coupled to a 1750 rpm, 460V, 3 phase, 60 Hz motor.
Calculate the specific speed of pump in rpm.
3. Water flows through a 1 in diameter hose with a speed of 2 ft/sec. Find the speed of
water through the nozzle of the diameter is reduced to 1/8 inch.
4. Water flows through a hose with a velocity of 1 m/sec. as it leaves the nozzle the
constricted area increases the velocity to 20 m/s the pressure on the water as it leaves
is atmospheric pressure. What is the pressure on the water in the hose? Express the
answer in N/m2 and Atm.
5. A centrifugal pump delivers water at the rate of 1800 lpm, to a height of 20m, through
a 0.1m diameter, 80m long pipe. Find the power required to drive the pump, if the
overall efficiency is 65%, and Darcy’s friction factor=0.02.
Prepared by: ENGR. KIM A. BENZON

FLUID MACHINERY
6. Following data were obtained from a centrifugal pump in a laboratory. Pressure

gauge reading on the suction side 15cm of mercury, pressure gauge reading on the
delivery side 170kN/m2. quantity of water raised by the pump =7.5kN/min. vertical
height difference 13 between the gauges =500mm. Total input to the pump = 6.5kw.
Find the efficiency of the pump.
7. Calculate the specific speed of a centrifugal pump running at 1000 Rpm. The diameter
of the impeller is 30 cm and its width 6cm. The pump delivers 120lps with a
manometric efficiency of 85%. The effective outlet blade angle is 30. neglect the
thickness of blades.
8. A half scale model of a centrifugal pump runs at 7000Rpm and has an impeller of
15cm, diameter. If it delivers 0.04 m3 of water under a head of 40m. Calculate the
speed and the head of the prototype assuming the same efficiency, what is the specific
speed of the pump if the discharge in the prototype is 0.08 m3/sec.
9. Two geometrically similar pumps are running at the same speed of 1000Rpm. One
pump has an impeller diameter of 300mm and lifts water at the rate of 0.02m3/s
against a head of 15m. Determine the head and impeller diameter of the other pump
to deliver half the discharge.
10. Water in the rural areas is often extracted from underground water source whose
free surface is 60m below the ground level. The water is to be raised 5m above the
ground by a pump. The diameter of the pipe is 10cm at the inlet and 15cm at the exit.
Neglecting any heat interaction with the surroundings and the frictional heating
effects, what is the necessary power input to the pump for a steady flow of water at
the rate of 15 li/s in KW if pump efficiency is 85%?
11. A fuel pump is delivering 10 gallons per minute of oil with a specific gravity of 0.83.
The total head is 9.14 m, find how much energy does the pump consumes in KJ per
hour.

FLUID MACHINERY
12. A pump delivers 500 gpm of water against a total head of 200 ft and operating at 1770
rpm. Changes have increased the total head of 375 ft. At what rpm should the pump
be operated to achieve the new head at the same efficiency?
13. A pump is to deliver 150 gpm of water at head of 120m. If the pump efficiency is 70%,
what is the horsepower rating of motor required to drive the pump?
14. A vacuum pump is used to drain a flooded mine shaft of 20oC water. The pump
pressure of water at tis temperature is 2.34 Kpa. The pump is incapable of lifting the
water higher than 10.16m. What is the atmospheric pressure?
15. Water from an open reservoir A at 8m elevation is drawn by a motor-driven pump to

an open reservoir B at 70 m elevation. The inside diameter of the suction pipe is 200
mm and 150 mm for the discharge pipe. The suction line has a loss of head three times
that of the velocity head in the 200 mm pipe. The discharge line has a loss of head
twenty times that of the velocity head in the discharge pipeline. The pump centerline
is at 4m. overall efficiency of the system is 78%. For a discharge rate of 10 li/sec, find
the power input of the motor and the pressure gage readings installed just at the
outlet and the inlet of the pump in Kpag.
16. At a proposed hydroelectric plant site, the average elevation of headwater is 600 m,
the tailwater elevation is 480 m. The average annual water flow is determined to be
equal to that volume flowing through a rectangular channel 4 m wide and 0.5 m deep
and average velocity of 5.5 m/sec. Assuming that the plant will operate 350
days/year, find the annual energy in KWh that the plant site can develop if the
hydraulic turbine that will be used has an efficiency of 80% and generator efficiency
of 92%. Consider a headwork loss of 4% of the available head.
17. What is the density of a stone that weighs 19.9 lb (88 N) in air and 12.4 lb (55 N) in
water?
18. A proposed hydroelectric powerplant has the following data:

FLUID MACHINERY
Elevation of normal headwater surface = 194 m

Elevation of normal tailwater surface = 60 m
Loss of head due to friction = 6.5 m
Turbine discharge at full gate opening = 5 m3/sec
Turbine efficiency at rated capacity = 90%
Turbine is to be connected to a 60 cycle AC generator.
Find the number of poles of the generator
19. The specific speed of turbine is 75 rpm and running at 450 rpm. If the head is 20 m
and generator efficiency is 90%, what is the maximum power delivered by the
generator?
20. From a height of 65 m, water flows at the rate 0f 0.85 m3/sec and is driving a water
turbine connected to an electric generator revolving at 160 rpm. Calculate the power
developed by the turbine in KW if the total resisting torque due to friction is 540 Nm
and the velocity of the water leaving the turbine blades is 4.75 m/sec.
21. A 4m x 0.5m channel has a water velocity of 5 m/sec. If the head is 100 m, what is the
annual energy produced if the overall efficiency is 70%?
22. A Francis turbine is installed with a vertical draft tube. The top of the draft is 1.0 m
below the center line of spiral casting while the tail race water level is 3.0 m from the
top of the draft tube. There is no velocity of whirl at the top or bottom of the draft
tube and leakage are negligible, the elevation of water from the reservoir to the
centerline of the turbine spiral casing is 50 m, and water velocity at the inlet is 5 m
/sec. Discharge is 2.5 m3/s, hydraulic efficiency is 83%. Determine the mechanical
efficiency of the turbine.
23. A Pelton type turbine has 30 m head friction loss of 4.5 m. The coefficient of friction
head loss is 0.00093 and penstock length of 80 m. What is the penstock diameter?
24. A reaction turbine develops 500 bhp. Flow through the turbine is 50 cfs. Water enters
at 20 fps with a 100 ft pressure head. The elevation of the turbine above the tailwater
level is 10 ft. Find the effective head.
25. Two tubes are mounted to the roof of a car. One tube points to the front of the car
while the other point at the rear. The tube is connected to a manometer filled with

FLUID MACHINERY
fluid of specific gravity 0.60. When the height difference is 2 in, what is the car’s
speed?
26. A certain pump is used to deliver 150 gpm of water having a density of 61.2 lb/ft3.
The suction and discharge gage read 4 in Hg vacuum and 25 psi, respectively. The
discharge gage is 2 ft above the suction gage. What is the brake power of the motor if
pump efficiency is 75%?

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FLUID MACHINERY

Prepared by: ENGR. KIM A. BENZON

6. Following data were obtained from a centrifugal pump in a laboratory. Pressure

Prepared by: ENGR. KIM A. BENZON

15. Water from an open reservoir A at 8m elevation is drawn by a motor-driven pump to

18. A proposed hydroelectric powerplant has the following data:

Prepared by: ENGR. KIM A. BENZON

Elevation of normal headwater surface = 194 m

Prepared by: ENGR. KIM A. BENZON

Prepared by: ENGR. KIM A. BENZON

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