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Notes On Detailed & Approximate Estimates

Detailed estimates require drawings, specifications, and rates to take detailed measurements of work items and calculate quantities. There are different types of preliminary estimates, including plinth area estimates based on building area, cubic rate estimates based on volume, and unit-based estimates for structures like schools, hospitals, and roads. Estimates are needed to determine project feasibility, schedule, procurement, and expenditure control. Specifications provide details on materials, proportions, workmanship, and execution required for accurate costing.

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Nidhi Mehta
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1K views

Notes On Detailed & Approximate Estimates

Detailed estimates require drawings, specifications, and rates to take detailed measurements of work items and calculate quantities. There are different types of preliminary estimates, including plinth area estimates based on building area, cubic rate estimates based on volume, and unit-based estimates for structures like schools, hospitals, and roads. Estimates are needed to determine project feasibility, schedule, procurement, and expenditure control. Specifications provide details on materials, proportions, workmanship, and execution required for accurate costing.

Uploaded by

Nidhi Mehta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Estimating and Costing

Detailed estimate

The estimate may be approximate or preliminary estimate or accurate estimate. In approximate


estimate a rough cost of the work is estimated – details are excluded. In the accurate estimate the
details of various items are taken and calculated.

Definition detailed estimate

The estimate prepared by dividing the work into different items, taking detailed measurements of
each item of work and calculating their quantities is known as detailed estimate.

Stages of preparation

To prepare the complete estimation of the project, besides the estimated cost of different main
items of work, The cost of preliminary works and surveying, cost of land and its acquisition, cost of
leveling and preparation of ground and the cost of external services are to be provided. Provision of
supervision charges and contractors profit are to be provided in the estimate.

Data required for preparing an estimate : To prepare an estimate for a work the following data are
necessary.

Drawings : The detailed drawings of plan, elevation and section, drawn to a scale are necessary to
take the details of measurements of various items of work.

Specifications : The specifications gives the nature, quality and class of materials, their proportion,
method of execution and workmanship and the class of labour required. The cost of the work varies
with its specifications. The cement mortar with 1:3 is more costlier than cement mortar with 1:6.

Rates : The rates for various items of work, the rates of various materials to be used in construction,
the wages of different categories of labour should be available for preparing an estimate. The
location of the work and its distance of source of materials and cost of transport should be known.

These rates may be obtained from the Standard Schedule of Rates prepared by the engineering
departments. Details of measurements and calculation of quantities and abstract of estimated cost

To prepare an accurate estimate, a detailed estimate of quantities of various items of work and an
abstract estimate of the quantities and their unit rates are required.
Plinth area estimate

The plinth area rate is calculated by finding the plinth area of the building and multiplying by the
plinth area rate. The plinth area rate is obtained by comparing the cost of the cost of similar building
having similar specifications in the locality.

Cubic area estimate

The cubic rate estimate is prepared on the basis of the cubical contents of the building. The cubic
rate is obtained from the cost of the similar building in the locality having similar specifications. The
cost of the building is estimated by multiplying the volume of the building with the cubic area rate.
Cubic rate estimate is more accurate as compared to the plinth area estimate.

Estimate per unit base

The preliminary estimate may be prepared for different structures and works by various ways. For
schools and hostels, per class rooms for schools, per bed for hospitals, per seat for theater halls, etc.
For roads and highways and for irrigation works, the preliminary estimate is made per kilometer. For
bridges and culverts per running meter. For sewerage and water supply projects on the basis of per
head of population served.

Problems in preliminary estimate


1. If the cost of school building per student is Rs. 25000. Calculate the cost of
school building for 100 students .Cost of the school building for 100 students
= Rs. 25000x100=Rs.2500000.

3. If the plinth area rate of a residential building is Rs.10000/sq m. Calculate the


cost of construction of a residential building of 100 sq. m. Cost of construction of
100 sq. m.= plinth area rate x area =10000x100=Rs.1000000
Summary

Detailed estimate consists of taking the detailed measurements of length, breadth,


height and calculating the quantities.

Data required for estimate : Drawings, specifications and rates.

Types of preliminary estimates : Plinth area estimate, cubic rate estimate and
estimate per unit base.

Short Answer Type Questions

1. Define detailed estimate.

2. What are stages for preparation of an estimate? Only For IInd Internals

3. List out the data required for preparation of an estimate.

4. Write the tabular form for the detailed estimate.

5. Write the tabular form for preparation of an abstract estimate. Only For IInd
Internals

Long Answer Type Questions

1. Describe the various types of preliminary estimates.


Documents Required for an Estimate
a ) Drawings like plan, elevation and sections of important points.

b) Detailed specifications about workmanship & properties of materials etc.

c) Standard schedule of rates of the current year.

1.2 NEED FOR ESTIMATION AND COSTING

1. Estimate gives an idea of the cost of the work and hence its feasibility can be
determined ie whether the project could be taken up with in the finds available or
not.

2. An Estimate gives an idea of time required for the completion of the work.

3. An Estimate is required to invite tenders and Quotations and to arrange a


contract.

4. An Estimate is also required to control the expenditure during the execution of


work.

5. An Estimate decides whether the proposed plan matches the funds, In case the
funds available are less than the estimated cost the work is done in part or by
reducing it or specifications are altered, the following requirement are necessary
for preparing an estimate.

SPECIFICATIONS

a) General Specifications: This gives the nature, quality, class and work and
materials in general terms to be used in various parts of work. It helps no form a
general idea of building.

b) Detailed Specifications: These gives the detailed description of the various


items of work laying down the Quantities and qualities of materials, their
proportions & the method of preparation workmanship and execution of work.

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