GIYA

(Guided, Integrated, Yearning Activities)

for Learners
PHYSICAL SCIENCE 11/12
Second Quarter, Week 4, Day 1-4

Lesson Objectives:
1. Describe electrons.
2. Cite experimental evidence showing that electrons can behave like waves.
3. Differentiate the de Broglie’s and Davisson and Germer’s experiment.
4. Differentiate dispersion, scattering, interference, and diffraction.

MELC CODE: S11/12PS-IVg-64 and S11/12PS-IVh-65

Written by:

JEZZA K. GARCIA LAILANI A. SUMAGANG

CAMANGA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL LAIH-BATU NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Annex1B to DepEd Order No. 42, s. 2016

GRADES 1 TO 12 School Grade Level ELEVEN/TWELVE

DAILY LESSON Teacher Learning Area PHYSICAL SCIENCE
LOG Teaching Dates and Quarter SECOND
Time
I.OBJECTIVES Unpacked Objective/s:

 Describe electrons.  Differentiate the de  Differentiate dispersion,  LONG TEST/

 Cite experimental Broglie’s and Davisson scattering, interference, PERFORMANCE
evidence showing that and Germer’s and diffraction. TASK
electrons can behave experiment.
like waves.

WEEK 4 Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5
Name of Writer JEZZA K. GARCIA JEZZA K. GARCIA LAILANI A. SUMAGANG
(CAMANGA NHS) (CAMANGA NHS) (LAIH-BATU NHS)
A. Content The learners demonstrate an understanding of:
Standards
 Light as a wave and a particle
B. Performance The learners should be able to:
Standards  Fill in and supply the missing information to complete the graphic organizer
showing the nature of light, light as a wave, and behaviors of light.
C. Learning MELC/CODE:
Competencies /  Cite experimental evidence showing that electrons  Differentiate dispersion,
Code: can behave like waves (S11/12PS-IVg-64) scattering, interference,
and diffraction
Menu of strategies: (S11/12PS-IVh-65)
Scientific method approach
Inquiry-based approach Menu of strategies:
Scientific method
approach, Graphic
organizer, Inquiry-based
method,
Demonstration.
1
II.CONTENT  How light acts as a wave and a particle.
III.LEARNING
RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide
pages
2. Learner’s
Materials pages
3. Textbooks pages  Physics book/ Phoenix
Publishing house by
Angelina A. Silverio
4. Additional
Materials pages
from learning
Resources (LR)
portal
B. Other Learning  Asimov, Isaac. “A.A.  Asimov, Isaac. “A.A.  https://bit.ly/2DwpmU2
Resource Michelson.” Michelson.”  https://bit.ly/33A54Ul
Encyclopedia Encyclopedia  https://bit.ly/33CRY8I
Britannica. Accessed Britannica. Accessed  https://bit.ly/30E7wY4
September 6, 2016 September 6, 2016  https://bit.ly/3fGaJdV
hhhshjkjhs hhhshjkjhs  https://brainly.ph/questi
on/1398330
 The Editors of  The Editors of  https://bit.ly/33G7Szo
Encyclopedia Encyclopedia
Britannica. “Lester Britannica. “Lester
Halbert Germer.” Halbert Germer.”
Encyclopedia Encyclopedia
Britannica Accessed Britannica Accessed
September 7, 2016 September 7, 2016

IV.PROCEDURES Inquiry-Based Learning Using 7E Model

A. Reviewing the  What are the  Who is Louis de Ask the questions to the Performance Task
previous lesson or subatomic Broglie? students to review their
presenting the particles? Louis Victor Pierre previous learnings on the Goal: Using a graphic
new lesson. the subatomic Raymond de topic. organizer, you will
2
ELICIT particles are the Broglie was a  How do electrons share your knowledge
neutron, which is French physicist behave like like a light as a wave
neutrally charged, who made waves? and a particle to your
the proton the groundbreaking An electron classmates and
positively charged, quantum theory. In behaves teacher.
and the electron the his 1924 Ph.D. like a wave as it
negatively charged. thesis, he travels, and Role: You are a
postulated the an electron wave student trying to
 What part of the wave nature of can easily pass explain the nature of
atom was first electrons and through both slits at light to your teacher
discovered? suggested that all the same time, and classmates using
The British physicist matter has wave just as a water a graphic organizer.
J. J. Thomson properties. wave could.) Each
performed electron "knows" Situation: After the
experiments  Who are the about the lesson, you are already
studying cathode people behind the interference pattern, equipped with
rays Davisson and since the knowledge of the
and discovered tha Germer pattern can be built nature of light. It is now
t they were unique experiment? up by electrons your time to share your
particles, later Davisson and passing one at a knowledge.
named electrons. Germer’s time through the
experiment was a slits. Performance: You
1923-1927  What are the will fill in and supply
experiment by evidences that the missing information
Clinton Davisson light behaves like to complete the
and Lester Germer waves? graphic organizer
at Western Electris Light behaves showing the nature of
(Later Bell Labs), in as a wave - it light, light as a wave,
which electrons, undergoes and behaviors of light.
scattered by the reflection, refraction,
surface of a crystal and diffraction just Standards and
of nickel metal, like any wave Criteria: You will be
displayed a would. Yet there is graded using the
diffraction pattern. still more reason to following criteria.
believe in the
wavelike nature

3
 of light.

B. Establishing a  Describes electrons  Differentiate the de  Differentiate dispersion,

purpose for the  Cite experimental Broglie’s and Davisson scattering, interference,
lesson. evidence showing that and Germer’s and diffraction.
ENGAGE electrons can behave experiment
like waves

C. Presenting In this activity, let us recall In this activity let us know ACTIVITY #1: Activity
examples/instance the different characteristics the magic words that are Title: Light Me Like a
s of the new of electrons involved in our lesson Wave (Offline)
lesson. ENGAGE
ACTIVITY #1: Activity ACTIVITY #1: Activity This activity will give the
Title: TRUE OR FALSE Title: WORDCLOUD students an idea of
(OFFLINE) (OFFLINE) dispersion, scattering,
interference, and diffraction
Problem: What are the Problems: What did de through picture analysis.
characteristics of Broglie’s and Davisson’s
electrons? experiments show? Problem: What natural
phenomenon could be an
Hypothesis: The Hypothesis: The two example of dispersion,
electrons are negatively experiments which are the scattering, interference,
charged that can be either de Broglie and Davisson and diffraction?
free or bound to the and Germer’s experiment
nucleus of an atom. show that the electrons Hypothesis:
Materials: can behave like a wave, Rainbow, blue sky, light in
 Pen the diffraction is a a mechanical wave, and
 Activity sheets property of wave which bending of light around the
made them realize that corners of door and
Procedure: Write RED if electrons can behave like windows are a natural
the statement is correct a wave. phenomenon which is an
about electrons and write example of dispersion,
BLUE if the statement is Materials: scattering, interference,
and diffraction.
4
not correct about the  Pen
electrons.  Activity sheets Procedure:
RED 1. Electrons go Given the illustration
around the nucleus Procedure: Below is the below, describe how
BLUE 2. Electrons are word cloud that you may objects are seen.
positively charged find many words that
RED 3. Electrons are the tackle about how electrons
charged carrier behave as a wave. List as A. B.
RED 4. Electrons can go many as you can.
in and out of the nucleus
BLUE 5. Particles cannot
behave wave C. D.
Guide questions:
1. What is the charge
Fill the box below with the
carried by the
words that you can find in
electron?
the figure above. Guide questions:
The electron carries
negatively charged ion. 1. Consider the arrows
Diffraction and rainbow colors as a
2. How can these
Double slit ray of lights, what
electrons move freely
Lester Germer description can you give
around the nucleus?
Clinton Davisson in each picture?
These electrons move
Louis de Broglie
freely due to an
Nickel Answer:
electromagnetic force
Wave Picture A - light is split
that attracts the orbiting
Electron into different colors.
electron to the nucleus.
Diffraction tube Picture B - light ray is
3. What are the unique
Diffraction grating scattered in a different
features of
electrons? direction.
Electrons are negatively Guide questions: Picture C - two wave
charged that can go in 1. Who is Louis de trains combined.
and out of the nucleus. Broglie? Picture D - ray of lights
Louis de Broglie (1892– bends.
Conclusion: 1987) postulated that if
Is your hypothesis correct? light with a wave 2. Given the examples
Why or why not? What is phenomenon acts like a above classify whether
particle, then a particle it is dispersion,
5
your conclusion then? may also have a wave-like scattering,
Yes. Therefore, I conclude behavior.   interference, or
that 2. What are the ideas diffraction.
The electrons are presented by Clinton Answer:
negatively charged that Davisson and Lester A. Dispersion
can be either free or Germer? B. Scattering
bound to the nucleus of an C. Interference
atom. In 1927, Clinton Davisson D. Diffraction
(1881–1958) and Lester
Germer (1896–1971) tried 3. What natural
to verify a prediction of phenomenon could be
classical physics that an example of
scattered electrons will dispersion, scattering,
appear from all directions interference, and
with little dependence on diffraction?
their intensity, scattering Answer:
angle and energy of the Rainbow, blue sky, light in
primary beam. a mechanical wave, and
bending of light around the
3. What did Clinton corners of door and
Davisson and Lester windows are a natural
Germer utilize during phenomenon which is an
the conduct of their example of dispersion,
experiment? scattering, interference,
Electron diffraction tube. and diffraction.

4. What did de Broglie’s Conclusion:

and Davisson’s Is your hypothesis correct?
experiments show? Why or why not? What is
your conclusion then?
The two experiments Yes. Therefore, I conclude
which are the de Broglie that Rainbow, blue sky,
and Davisson and light in a mechanical wave,
Germer’s experiment and bending of light around
show that the electrons the corners of door and
can behave like as a windows are a natural
phenomenon which is an
6
 wave, the diffraction is a example of dispersion,
property of wave which scattering, interference,
made them realize that and diffraction.
electrons can behave like
a wave

Conclusion:
Is your hypothesis
correct? Why or why not?
What is your conclusion
then?
Yes. Therefore, I conclude
that
The two experiments
which are the de Broglie
and Davisson and
Germer’s experiment
show that the electrons
can behave like a wave,
the diffraction is a property
of wave which made them
realize that electrons can
behave like a wave.
D. Discussing new ACTIVITY #2: Activity ACTIVITY #2: Activity ACTIVITY #2: Activity
concepts and Title: Crossword Puzzle Title: Pair Me Up Title: Define Me (Offline)
practicing new (Offline) (Offline)
skills #1. Objective: This activity
EXPLORE Problem: What are the Problem: What allows students to define
properties of a wave? experiments explained dispersion, scattering,
that electrons can behave interference, and diffraction
Hypothesis: The like a wave? of light.
properties of wave are
reflection, diffraction, and Hypothesis: Two Problem: What is
refraction experiments explained dispersion, scattering,
that electrons can behave interference, and
Materials: like as a wave, those are diffraction?

7
  Pen the de Broglie’s Hypothesis:
 Activity sheets experiment and Davisson Dispersion means the
Procedure: and Germer’s experiment separation of light into
1. Below is a crossword different colors.
puzzle. Materials: Scattering is the change
2. Complete the puzzle by  Pen in light’s direction, while
answering the given  Activity sheets Interference is the net
questions provided effect of the two wave
Procedure: Select the trains and Diffraction is
underneath.
letters from column B that the bending of light around
3. Then, answer the guide matches in column A. an obstacle.
questions that follow. Write your answer in the Materials:
space provided before the 4. Graphic Organizer
number. 5. Pen

Column A Procedure:
1. Using the graphic
1. Postulated that if light organizer below, write the
with a wave meaning in the
phenomenon acts like corresponding column of
a particle, then a each physical term.
particle may also 2. Then, answer the guide
Across  have a wave-like questions given.
behavior
2 bouncing back of 2. Verified the prediction Graphic Organizer
disper scatte Interfe Diffract
the light of classical physics
sion ring rence ion 4 can be either a that scatter electrons Key answers of Graphic
particle or wave will appear from all Organizer:
5 distance between directions with little
dependence on their Dispersion means the
two succeeding points intensity separation of light into
in a wave 3.  A device that detects different colors.
6 bending of light and measures small Scattering is the change
electric current in light’s direction, while
Down  4. An optical device Interference is the net
made of glass or effect of the two wave
metal with a band of trains and Diffraction is
8
1 bending of light equidistant, parallel the bending of light around
through a slit lines an obstacle.
5. An instrument used in
3 negatively charged
setups of the Guide Questions:
particles around the experiments that 1. What is that property
nucleus show the wave nature of light where it bends
7 mass multiplied by of electrons around an obstacle or
velocity 6. The beam in this object?
Key answers of instrument passes (diffraction)
Crossword Puzzle through carbon disc in 2. What happens to the
1. diffraction  the form of graphite ray of light when it
2. reflection which acts as the passes a medium such
3. electrons  diffraction grating as a prism or a lens?
4. light  7. Measured the (separate into different
5. wavelength  intensity of the colors)
6. refraction  scattered beam after 3. How would describe
7. momentum  hitting the nickel the scattering property of
8. photon  crystal using a light?
movable detector (light will change its
GUIDE QUESTIONS: 8. When waves direction of motion as it
1. Do waves reflect or encounter this, they collides with another
bounce from a bend or diffracts particle).
material? 9. This instrument is 4. When two wave trains
composed of a Interfere with each other,
Yes, it does
phosphor screen and what property of light is
2. When does refraction
a carbon disc exhibited?
take place? 10. Came up with an (Interference)
Refraction occurs as equation which states 5. What is dispersion,
light passes across the that the wavelength of scattering, interference,
boundary between two a wave is directly and diffraction?
media proportional to the Dispersion means the
3. What do you call momentum of its separation of light into
when light passes constituent particle different colors.
through different Scattering is the change
small gaps? Column B in light’s direction, while
Diffraction a. Louis de Broglie  Interference is the net
4. What are the b. Davisson and Germer  effect of the two wave
9
 properties of a wave? c. diffraction grating  trains and Diffraction is
The properties of wave d. galvanometer  the bending of light around
are reflection, e. electron diffraction tube an obstacle.
diffraction, and
refraction Key Answers: Conclusion:
1. A Is your hypothesis correct?
Conclusion: 2. B Why or why not? What is
Is your hypothesis correct? 3. D your conclusion then?
Why or why not? What is 4. C Yes. Therefore, I conclude
your conclusion then? 5. E that:
Yes. Therefore, I conclude 6. E Dispersion means the
that the properties of 7. B separation of light into
waves are reflection, 8. C different colors.
diffraction, and refraction. 9. E Scattering is the change
10. A in light’s direction, while
Interference is the net
Guide questions: effect of the two wave
1. What experiments trains and Diffraction is
explained that the bending of light around
electrons can behave an obstacle.
like a wave?
Two experiments
explained that
electrons can behave
like a wave, those are
the de Broglie’s
experiment and
Davisson and
Germer’s experiment.
2. What was the
purpose of Davisson
and Germer
experiment?
Davisson and Germer
designed and built a
vacuum apparatus to
measure the energies
10
 of electrons scattered
from a metal surface.
Electrons from a
heated filament were
accelerated by a
voltage and allowed to
strike the surface of
nickel metal.         
3. What is the
conclusion of
Davisson and Germer
experiment?
Davisson-Germer
experiment obtained
the conclusion that
electrons exhibit wave
nature also, thus,
supporting the
hypothesis given by de-
Broglie regarding wave-
particle duality of
matter. This experiment
involved bombardment
of a nickel crystal in a
vacuum by accelerated
electrons coming out of
an electron gun.

Conclusion:
Is your hypothesis
correct? Why or why not?
What is your conclusion
then?
Yes. Therefore, I conclude
that two experiments
explained that electrons
can behave like as a
11
 wave, those are the de
Broglie’s experiment and
Davisson and Germer’s
experiment
E. Discussing new How can electrons De Broglie Wavelength 1. What are the four
concepts and behave like waves?  behavior of lights?
practicing new A. Louis de Broglie  The de Broglie a. Dispersion
skills #2 (1892–1987) postulated wavelength of a particle b. Scattering
EXPLORE that if light with a wave is inversely proportional c. Interference
phenomenon acts like a to the momentum of the d. Diffraction
particle, then a particle particle. The
may also have a wave-like wavelength shows the 2. What is the difference
behavior.   wave nature of the between dispersion,
B. He further theorized electron, whereas the scattering, interference,
that the wavelength of a momentum shows its and diffraction?
particle is related to particle nature
Planck’s constant and is Dispersion happens when
inversely proportional to its light is refracted by
momentum. This particles acting like another
relationship is represented medium such as water for
by the equation known as  In 1927, Clinton example that can break
the de Broglie Davisson (1881–1958) light into different colors by
wavelength.   and Lester Germer serving as a second
C. The de Broglie (1896–1971) tried to medium that refracts light.
wavelength of a particle is verify a prediction of
inversely proportional to classical physics that Scattering happens when
the momentum of the scattered electrons will light deviates from its
particle. The wavelength appear from all straight-line path caused
shows the wave nature of directions with little by tiny random particles on
the electron, whereas the dependence on their the medium which it
momentum shows its intensity, scattering travels. light hitting the
particle nature.  angle and energy of the atmospheric particles are
primary beam.  re-emitted by the particles
 They expected that in different directions
because of the small (hence the name
size of the electrons, scattering).

12
 they would still be Interference happens
experiencing diffused when combined light
reflection even if they hit waves travel in the same
a smooth surface like medium at the same time. 
that of a crystal.
 To prevent other Diffraction happens when
molecules from hitting light bends as it passes
the electrons, the setup through an opening or a
is placed in a vacuum corner. Any bending of light
chamber.  other than those caused by
 They performed the refraction and reflection is
experiment by diffraction.
bombarding a beam of
How did de Broglie electrons coming from
discover that even an electron gun, which
particles can behave like is positioned
waves? perpendicularly to a
- He thought that light with single crystal of nickel. 
a wave phenomenon acts
like a     particle, then a
particle may also have a
wave-like behavior. He
further theorized that the
wavelength of a particle is
related to Planck’s  Davisson and Germer
constant and is inversely found nothing significant
proportional to its in their experiment until
momentum.  their setup was broken.
When air accidentally
entered the setup, the
Davisson and Germer’s nickel was oxidized. 
experiment  To decrease the
 In 1927, Clinton oxide in the pure nickel,
Davisson (1881–1958) extreme heat was
and Lester Germer applied to the nickel and
(1896–1971) tried to the nickel was used
verify a prediction of again to continue the
13
 classical physics that experiment.
scattered electrons will  Recrystallizing the
appear from all nickel made small holes
directions with little in the crystal, which
dependence on their served as a diffraction
intensity, scattering grating. 
angle and energy of  A diffraction grating is
the primary beam.  an optical device made
 They expected that of a glass or a metal
because of the small with a band of
size of the electrons, equidistant, parallel
they would still be lines. 
experiencing diffused  When a wave
reflection even if they encounters a diffraction
hit a smooth surface grating, it bends or
like that of a crystal. diffracts.
 To prevent other  In the experiment of
molecules from hitting Davisson and Germer,
the electrons, the setup the beam of electrons
is placed in a vacuum that passed through
chamber.  several small holes was
 They performed the diffracted. 
experiment by  This diffraction of
bombarding a beam of electrons shows one of
electrons coming from the properties of a
an electron gun, which wave. 
is positioned  Waves that come
perpendicularly to a from different openings
single crystal of nickel.  or diffraction gratings,
which are the small
holes in the
recrystallized nickel,
meet and form
interference patterns.
Waves can add up or
interfere constructively.

14
F. Developing How can electrons De Broglie Wavelength 1. What are the four
mastery behave like waves?  behavior of lights?
(Leads to A. Louis de Broglie  The de Broglie a. Dispersion
Formative (1892–1987) postulated wavelength of a particle b. Scattering
Assessment 3) that if light with a wave is inversely proportional c. Interference
EXPLAIN phenomenon acts like a to the momentum of the d. Diffraction
particle, then a particle particle. The
may also have a wave-like wavelength shows the 2. What is the difference
behavior.   wave nature of the between dispersion,
B. He further theorized electron, whereas the scattering, interference,
that the wavelength of a momentum shows its and diffraction?
particle is related to particle nature
Planck’s constant and is Dispersion happens when
inversely proportional to its light is refracted by
momentum. This particles acting like another
relationship is represented medium such as water for
by the equation known as example that can break
the de Broglie  In 1927, Clinton light into different colors by
wavelength.   Davisson (1881–1958) serving as a second
C. The de Broglie and Lester Germer medium that refracts light.
wavelength of a particle is (1896–1971) tried to
inversely proportional to verify a prediction of Scattering happens when
the momentum of the classical physics that light deviates from its
particle. The wavelength scattered electrons will straight-line path caused
shows the wave nature of appear from all by tiny random particles on
the electron, whereas the directions with little the medium which it
momentum shows its dependence on their travels. light hitting the
particle nature.  intensity, scattering atmospheric particles are
angle and energy of the re-emitted by the particles
primary beam.  in different directions
 They expected that (hence the name
scattering).
15
 because of the small
size of the electrons, Interference happens
they would still be when combined light
experiencing diffused waves travel in the same
reflection even if they hit medium at the same time. 
a smooth surface like
that of a crystal. Diffraction happens when
 To prevent other light bends as it passes
molecules from hitting through an opening or a
How did de Broglie the electrons, the setup corner. Any bending of light
discover that even is placed in a vacuum other than those caused by
particles can behave like chamber.  refraction and reflection is
waves?  They performed the diffraction.
- He thought that light with experiment by
a wave phenomenon acts bombarding a beam of
like a     particle, then a electrons coming from
particle may also have a an electron gun, which
wave-like behavior. He is positioned
further theorized that the perpendicularly to a
wavelength of a particle is single crystal of nickel. 
related to Planck’s
constant and is inversely
proportional to its
momentum. 
Davisson and Germer’s
experiment
 In 1927, Clinton  Davisson and Germer
Davisson (1881–1958) found nothing significant
and Lester Germer in their experiment until
(1896–1971) tried to their setup was broken.
verify a prediction of When air accidentally
classical physics that entered the setup, the
scattered electrons will nickel was oxidized. 
appear from all  To decrease the
directions with little oxide in the pure nickel,
dependence on their extreme heat was
applied to the nickel and
16
 intensity, scattering the nickel was used
angle and energy of again to continue the
the primary beam.  experiment.
 They expected that  Recrystallizing the
because of the small nickel made small holes
size of the electrons, in the crystal, which
they would still be served as a diffraction
experiencing diffused grating. 
reflection even if they  A diffraction grating is
hit a smooth surface an optical device made
like that of a crystal. of a glass or a metal
 To prevent other with a band of
molecules from hitting equidistant, parallel
the electrons, the setup lines. 
is placed in a vacuum  When a wave
chamber.  encounters a diffraction
 They performed the grating, it bends or
experiment by diffracts.
bombarding a beam of  In the experiment of
electrons coming from Davisson and Germer,
an electron gun, which the beam of electrons
is positioned that passed through
perpendicularly to a several small holes was
single crystal of nickel.  diffracted. 
 This diffraction of
electrons shows one of
the properties of a
wave. 
 Waves that come
from different openings
or diffraction gratings,
which are the small
holes in the
recrystallized nickel,
meet and form
interference patterns.
Waves can add up or
17
 interfere constructively.

G. Finding practical ACTIVITY #3: Activity ACTIVITY #3: Activity ACTIVITY #3: Activity
applications of Title: Double Slit Title: Is That a Shadow? Title: Tell Me the WHYs!
concepts and Experiment (Offline) (Offline) (Offline)
skills in daily living
ELABORATE Problem: How does this Problem: What is Problem: How do you
experiment will help us to diffraction grating? differentiate dispersion,
understand that electrons scattering, interference,
can behave like a wave? Hypothesis: Diffraction and diffraction-based on
grating is an optical their definition?
Hypothesis: It element that divides
demonstrates, with (disperse) light composed Hypothesis: Light
unparalleled strangeness, of lots of different scattering occurs when
that little particles of wavelengths (e.g., white particles absorb light and
matter have something of light) into light scatter in all directions.
a wave about them and components by Diffraction is the spreading
suggests that the very act wavelength. The simplest of light when it encounters
of observing a particle has type of grating is one an obstacle or an opening.
a dramatic effect on its large number of evenly It is the combination of two
behavior. spaced parallel lines or more waves into one
In this activity, students wave whenever they pass
will observe diffraction as Materials: through the same point.
a property of waves.  ● cutter/knife
Materials: ● scissors  Procedure:
 Cardboard or index ● folder  1. Explain the relation of
card ● flashlight the given Phenomenon to
 Two lasers/flashlight ● pen the property of light it
 Cutter belongs to.
 Centavo coin Procedure:
 Pen 1. Students should cut out 2. Write your answers in
any shapes from a folder.  the right column of the
Procedure: 2. Turn off the light and table below.
close the curtains in the
18
1. On a cardboard or index classroom.   Table 1.
card, cut two small 3. Let them hold the shape Properties Explanation
rectangular slits as narrow near the wall and project it of light
as     25 centavo coin with light.   RAINBOW
2. Hypothesize what will 4. Ask them to observe
Dispersion
happen to the diffracted the sharpness of the
light when lasers image produced on the BLUE SKY
Scattering
were pointed through each wall.  
slit simultaneously.   5. Using a cutter, as them COLORS from
3. Hold a laser pointer and to create two small slits in Interference a SOAP
BUBBLES.
let it shine on a wall (or the middle of the shape.  
any flat surface). Then, 6. Let them project the slit
hold  with light. Observe.   Light of candle
4. The cardboard with slit 7. Draw whatever you saw Diffraction Passing from
a slit.
and let a laser light pass from the activity in the
through it before reaching space provided.
the wall. Do this step with
the other slit
Guide questions:
simultaneously  1. What is diffraction?
5. Note what happens to Guide questions:
The process by which a 1. How do you
the projection of the laser beam of light or other
on the wall.  differentiate
systems of waves is dispersion, scattering,
6. Answer the guide spread out as a result of
questions below interference, and
passing through narrow diffraction-based on
apertute or across an their definition?
Guide questions: edge, typically
1. What happened to the Light scattering occurs
accompanied by when particles absorb
laser light when it interference between the
passed the cardboard light and scatter in all
waveforms produced). directions. Diffraction is
with a slit?
(The laser light 2. What is diffraction the spreading of light
diffracted). when it encounters an
grating? obstacle or an opening.
2. What do you think is A diffraction grating is an
the reason behind It is the combination of
optical element that two or more waves into
your observation? divides (disperse) light
(The laser particles one wave whenever
composed of lots of they pass through the
behave like waves.)
19
3. What behavior of different wavelengths same point.
light was exhibited in (e.g., white light) into
the activity? Why? light components by 2. Is interference
(The wave nature of wavelength. The restricted only to light
light.) simplest type of grating waves? Give specific
4. Is your hypothesized is one large number of situations where you
result the same with evenly spaced parallel observed interference.
the outcome? Defend lines. No, interference is not
your hypothesis. restricted to light waves
(Yes, it was the same 3. What is an electron only. Interference is easily
with my hypothesis). diffraction tube? observed in other waves
5. Did light exhibit a (an electron diffraction such as sound waves and
particle or a wave tube is an instrument water waves.
behavior? Defend used in modern setups
your answer. of the experiments that Conclusion:
(It behaved as a wave show the wave nature of Is your hypothesis correct?
because it diffracted electrons). Why or why not? What is
through the slit).    your conclusion then?
6. How does this 4. What is de Broglie Yes. Therefore, I conclude
experiment will help experiment? that light scattering occurs
us to understand that The de Broglie when particles absorb light
electrons can behave wavelength of a particle and scatter in all directions.
like a wave? is inversely proportional Diffraction is the spreading
It demonstrates, with to the momentum of the of light when it encounters
unparalleled particle. The wavelength an obstacle or an opening.
strangeness, that little shows the wave nature It is the combination of two
particles of matter of the electron, whereas or more waves into one
have something of a the momentum shows its wave whenever they pass
wave about them and particle nature.  through the same point.
suggests that the very
act of observing a Conclusion:
particle has a dramatic Is your hypothesis
effect on its behavior. correct? Why or why not?
In this activity, What is your conclusion
students will observe then?
diffraction as a Yes. Therefore, I conclude
property of waves.  that diffraction grating is
20
 an optical element that
Conclusion: divides (disperse) light
Is your hypothesis correct? composed of lots of
Why or why not? What is different wavelengths
your conclusion then? (e.g., white light) into light
Yes. Therefore, I conclude components by
that it demonstrates, with wavelength. The simplest
unparalleled strangeness, type of grating is one
that little particles of matter large number of evenly
have something of a wave spaced parallel lines
about them and suggests
that the very act of
observing a particle has a
dramatic effect on its
behavior.
In this activity, students
will observe diffraction as
a property of waves. 

H. Making How can electrons De Broglie Wavelength 1. What are the four
generalization and behave like waves?  behavior of lights?
abstractions about A. Louis de Broglie  The de Broglie a. Dispersion
the lesson (1892–1987) postulated wavelength of a particle b. Scattering
ELABORATE that if light with a wave is inversely proportional c. Interference
phenomenon acts like a to the momentum of the d. Diffraction
particle, then a particle particle. The
may also have a wave-like wavelength shows the
behavior.   wave nature of the 2. What is the difference
B. He further theorized electron, whereas the between dispersion,
that the wavelength of a momentum shows its scattering, interference,
particle is related to particle nature and diffraction?
Planck’s constant and is
inversely proportional to its Dispersion happens when
momentum. This light is refracted by
relationship is represented particles acting like another
21
by the equation known as medium such as water for
the de Broglie  In 1927, Clinton example that can break
wavelength.   Davisson (1881–1958) light into different colors by
C. The de Broglie and Lester Germer serving as a second
wavelength of a particle is (1896–1971) tried to medium that refracts light.
inversely proportional to verify a prediction of
the momentum of the classical physics that Scattering happens when
particle. The wavelength scattered electrons will light deviates from its
shows the wave nature of appear from all straight-line path caused
the electron, whereas the directions with little by tiny random particles on
momentum shows its dependence on their the medium which it
particle nature.  intensity, scattering travels. light hitting the
angle and energy of the atmospheric particles are
primary beam.  re-emitted by the particles
 They expected that in different directions
because of the small (hence the name
size of the electrons, scattering).
they would still be
experiencing diffused Interference happens
reflection even if they hit when combined light
a smooth surface like waves travel in the same
that of a crystal. medium at the same time. 
How did de Broglie  To prevent other
discover that even molecules from hitting Diffraction happens when
particles can behave like the electrons, the setup light bends as it passes
waves? is placed in a vacuum through an opening or a
- He thought that light with chamber.  corner. Any bending of light
a wave phenomenon acts  They performed the other than those caused by
like a     particle, then a experiment by refraction and reflection is
particle may also have a bombarding a beam of diffraction.
wave-like behavior. He electrons coming from
further theorized that the an electron gun, which
wavelength of a particle is is positioned
related to Planck’s perpendicularly to a
constant and is inversely single crystal of nickel. 
proportional to its
momentum. 
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Davisson and Germer’s
experiment
 In 1927, Clinton
Davisson (1881–1958)
and Lester Germer  Davisson and Germer
(1896–1971) tried to found nothing significant
verify a prediction of in their experiment until
classical physics that their setup was broken.
scattered electrons will When air accidentally
appear from all entered the setup, the
directions with little nickel was oxidized. 
dependence on their  To decrease the
intensity, scattering oxide in the pure nickel,
angle and energy of extreme heat was
the primary beam.  applied to the nickel and
3. They expected that the nickel was used
because of the again to continue the
small size of the experiment.
electrons, they  Recrystallizing the
would still be nickel made small holes
experiencing in the crystal, which
diffused reflection served as a diffraction
even if they hit a grating. 
smooth surface like  A diffraction grating is
that of a crystal. an optical device made
4. To prevent other of a glass or a metal
molecules from with a band of
hitting the electrons, equidistant, parallel
the setup is placed lines. 
in a vacuum  When a wave
chamber.  encounters a diffraction
5. They performed the grating, it bends or
experiment by diffracts.
bombarding a beam  In the experiment of
of electrons coming Davisson and Germer,
from an electron the beam of electrons
gun, which is that passed through
23
 positioned several small holes was
perpendicularly to a diffracted. 
single crystal of  This diffraction of
nickel.  electrons shows one of
the properties of a
wave. 
 Waves that come
from different openings
or diffraction gratings,
which are the small
holes in the
recrystallized nickel,
meet and form
interference patterns.
Waves can add up or
interfere constructively.

I. Evaluating EVALUATION: EVALUATION: EVALUATION:

learning Directions: Read each Directions: Read each Directions: Read each
EVALUATE question carefully then question carefully then question carefully then
write the letter of your write the letter of your write the letter of your
answer on the space answer on the space answer on the space
provided before the provided before the provided before the
number. number. number.
1. What is the appropriate   
term we could use to 1. Who had exhibited _1. Which of the following
describe electrons? that a particle has a is referred to as the
A. Waves wave-like behavior? spreading of light when it
B. Marbles moves through a gap or
A. de Broglie
C. Planets around an obstacle?
B. Germer
D. Musical beat A. Diffraction
24
 2. What form of energy C. Einstein B. Refraction
do electrons release D. Davisson C. dispersion
when they move from a 2. What is the term for an D. reflection
higher energy level to a optical device made of _2. Which of the following
lower energy level? a glass or a metal with phenomena is an example
A. Radiation a band of equidistant, of the scattering of light?
B. Energy levels parallel lines? A. The spectrum of colors
C. Sound A. Refraction device in
D. Chemical B. Diffraction grating the compact disc.
3. Who postulated that if C. Interference B. colors of gasoline on a
light with a wave D. Optical grating wet road.
phenomenon acts like a 3. Who had stated the C. Red Sunset
particle, and then a idea that the D. Hologram
particle may also have a “wavelength shows the _3. Why is it that light is
wave-like behavior? wave nature of the dispersed into different
A. Clinton Davisson electron, whereas the colors when it passes
B. Lester Germer momentum shows its through a glass prism?
C. Thomas Young particle nature? A. light wavelengths are
D. Louis de Broglie A. Planck refracted and travel at
4. How did the scientist B. Hawking different speeds.
test the properties of C. Young B. light wavelength travels
wave and particle? D. De Broglie in the same speed
A. Using double slit 4. How is a beam of C. light wavelengths are
B. Using one slit electrons coming from reflected.
experiment an electron gun being D. light wavelengths are
C. Using the diffraction positioned to a single are diffracted.
experiment crystal of nickel in the _4. What does the
D. Using the atom Davisson and dispersion of light that
model Germer’s experiment? passes through a glass
5. Who had tried to verify A. Perpendicularly prism mean?
a prediction of classical B. Parallel A. the prism contains
physics that scattered C. Across many narrow, equally
electrons will appear D. Away spaced slits.
from all directions with 5. What has been B. the index of refraction
little dependence on recrystallized on the is the same for all
their intensity scattering Davisson and wavelengths.
angle and energy of the Germer’s experiment C. All wavelengths have
25
 primary beam? that had made small the same speed in a
A. Clinton Davisson holes in the crystal and material.
and Lester Germer had served as D. Different wavelengths
B. Thomas Young and diffraction grating? have different speeds in
Albert Einstein A. Nickel the material.
C. Louis de Broglie and B. Steel _5.Which statements best
Stephen Hawking C. Iron describe the difference
D. Stephen Hawking D. Glass between diffraction and
and Lester Germer scattering of light?
Answer Key: A. diffraction is the slight
Answer Key: 1. A bending of light around and
1. A 2. B obstacle while scattering is
2. B 3. D the change in direction.
3. D 4. A B. diffraction is the
4. A 5. A splitting of light into
5. A different colors while
Scattering is the change in
direction.
C. Diffraction is the
change in direction while
scattering is the combined
wave trains.
D. Diffraction is splitting of
light while scattering is the
bending of light.

Answer Key:
1. A
2. C
3. A
4. D
5. A
J. Additional What are the differences What are the other Procedure:
activities for between de Broglie’s, modern experiments that 1. Give examples of things
application or Davisson, and Germer ‘s exemplify the electron’s you can use on how
remediation experiments? wave behavior? to demonstrate dispersion,
EXTEND scattering, interference,
26
 and diffraction.

1. Dispersion
-
2. Scattering
-
3. Interference
-
4. Diffraction
-
V. REMARKS
VI. REFLECTION
A. No. Of learners
who earned 80%
in the evaluation
B. No. Of learners
who require
additional
activities for
remediation who
scored below 80%
C. Did the remedial
lessons work? No.
of learners who
have caught up
with the lesson.
D. No. Of learners
who continue to
require
remediation.
E. Which of my
teaching
strategies worked
well? Why did
these works?
F. What difficulties

27
 did I encounter
which my principal
or supervisor can
help me solve?
G. What innovation
or localized
materials did I
use/discover
which I wish to
share with other
teachers?

Prepared by:

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