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Stage 1: During The First 30 Min. Through Which The Baby Is Characterized As Physiologically

The document describes the transitional assessment periods that newborns go through. It outlines two main periods of reactivity: 1) The first period lasts 30 minutes to 2-4 hours. The newborn is physiologically unstable and cries vigorously in the first 30 minutes before entering a sleep state. 2) The second period lasts 2-5 hours where the newborn is alert and responsive with increased heart rate, breathing, and gastric secretions. Meconium passage often occurs during this period. Following these periods is a stage of physiological stabilization where the newborn sleeps and is active in a vacillating pattern.

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Amy Lalringhluani
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328 views4 pages

Stage 1: During The First 30 Min. Through Which The Baby Is Characterized As Physiologically

The document describes the transitional assessment periods that newborns go through. It outlines two main periods of reactivity: 1) The first period lasts 30 minutes to 2-4 hours. The newborn is physiologically unstable and cries vigorously in the first 30 minutes before entering a sleep state. 2) The second period lasts 2-5 hours where the newborn is alert and responsive with increased heart rate, breathing, and gastric secretions. Meconium passage often occurs during this period. Following these periods is a stage of physiological stabilization where the newborn sleeps and is active in a vacillating pattern.

Uploaded by

Amy Lalringhluani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2.

Transitional assessment (Periods of reactivity):

I) First period of reactivity under this again two stages are there.

Stage 1: during the first 30 min. through which the baby is characterized as Physiologically
unstable ( ), very alert, cries vigorously, may suck a fist greedily, & appears very interested in
the environment.

Stage 2: it lasts for about 2-4 hours, through this period; all V.S & mucus production are
decreased. The newborn is in state of sleep and relative calm.

Next II) Second period of reactivity:

It lasts for about 2-5 hours, through which the newborn is alert and responsive, heart &
respiratory rate, gastric & respiratory secretions are increased & passage of meconium
commonly occurs.

Following this stage is a period of stabilization through which the baby becomes physiologically
stable & a vacillating pattern of sleep and activity.

SYSTEMATIC PHYSICAL EXAMINATION

Growth measurements: this includes

a.) Length, weight, head circumference, weight for length (infant & toddlers to age 2years )
b.) height, weight and body mass index(for 3years and up)

Vital Signs -hearth rate, respiration, blood pressure, temperature

General appearance:

Flexion of head & extremities, taking them toward chest & abdomen

Lanugo hair:

Distribution - The more premature baby is, the heavier the presence of lanugo is.
- It disappears during the first weeks of life
Mongolian spots:

Black coloration on the lower back, buttocks, anterior trunk, & around the wrist or ankle.
They are not bruise marks or a sign of mental retardation; they usually disappear during pre
school years without any treatment

Desquamation:

Peeling of the skin over the areas of bony prominence that occurs within 2-4 weeks of life
because of pressure and erosion of sheets.

Physiological Jaundice:

-Small white or yellow pinpoint spots.

- Common on the nose, forehead, & chin of the newborn infants due to accumulations of
secretions from the sweat & sebaceous glands that have not yet drain normally.
- They will disappear within 1-2 weeks, they should not expressed.

Measurements

1. Head Circumference

Anterior and posterior fontanel:

The Anterior fontanel: is diamond in shape, located at the junction of 2 parietal & frontal bones.
It is 2-3 cm in width & 3-4 cm in length. It closes between 12-18 months of age.

The posterior fontanel: is triangular in shape, located between the parietal & occipital bones. It
closes by the 2nd month of age.

Fontanels should be flat, soft, & firm. It bulge when the baby cries or if there is increased in ICP.

Two conditions may appear in the head: - Caput succedaneum & cephlhemtoma
An edematous swelling on the presenting portion of the scalp of an infant during birth, caused by
the pressure of the presenting part against the dilating cervix. The effusion overlies the
periosteum with poorly defined margins.

Cephalhematoma is a subperiosteal collection of blood secondary to rupture of blood vessels


between the skull and the periosteum, in which bleeding is limited by suture lines (never cross
the suture lines).

Eyes:

-Usually edematous eye lids

- Gray in color. True color is not determined until the age of 3-6 months.
- Pupil: React to light

- Absence of tears

- Blinking reflex is present in response to touch -

-Can not follow an object (Rudimentary fixation on objects).

1. Eyelid Edema

2. Dysconjugate Eye Movements

3. Subconjunctival Hemorrhage

4. Congenital Glaucoma

5.Congenital Cataracts

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