PCS-902

Line Distance Relay

The PCS-902 relay provides numerical line protection

with pilot distance protection, stepped distance protection,
current protection, voltage protection, single and/or three
pole tripping and auto-reclosing functions. As a full-scheme
device, it integrates frequency protection, breaker failure
Functions protection and stub protection. The PCS-902 introduces an
extensive functional library, programmable LED, programable
Protection and Control logic and configurable I/O, intended for applications on
overhead lines and underground cables of all voltage levels,
• Pilot distance protection. (85/21) including series compensated lines, double-circuit lines,
It integrates independent distance zone with (PUTT, POTT, heavily loaded lines, weak infeed (WI), short lines and
Blocking, DTT & Zone Extension). extremely long lines. The PCS-902 adopts a wide range of
innovative patented technologies, such as DPFC (Deviation
• Pilot directional earth-fault protection. (DEF) Power Frequency Component) distance protection and
The relay includes directional zero sequence comparison unique power swing blocking logic, to guarantee its accurate
element for earth fault. and reliable operation.

• DPFC distance protection. (21D) Mho and quadrilateral characteristics are provided for
Innovative Deviation of Power Frequency Component both phase and ground distance protections. It provides
distance protection can quickly clear faults and is immune to the interfaces for station bus and process bus respectively
the load current, weak-infeed and power swing. and supports IEC 61850-8-1 MMS, GOOSE, IEC 61850-9-
2 Sampling Value. It provides the RJ-45 faceplate port for
• Four zones of phase-to-phase distance protection. (21P) testing and setting to make commissioning and maintenance
Four zones of phase-to-phase distance protection integrates easier.
the memorized positive sequence voltage polarization,
direction characteristic, load blinder and unique low-voltage
distance element. The fourth zone can be set as the reverse
directional protection.
Overcurrent protection can be supervised by voltage element
and directional element. IDMT curves complied with IEC and
• Four zones of phase-to-ground distance protection. (21G)
ANSI standard are available for selection.
Four zones of phase-to-ground distance protection integrates
the memorized positive sequence voltage polarization,
• Four stages of directional zero sequence overcurrent
reactance characteristic, direction characteristic, load blinder
protection. (67N, 50/51N)
and unique low-voltage distance element. The fourth zone is
Zero sequence overcurrent protection can be supervised
the reverse directional protection.
by voltage element and directional element. IDMT curves
complied with IEC and ANSI standard are present for
• Four stages of directional phase overcurrent protection. (67P,
selection.
50/51P)

• Breaker failure protection for one or two breakers (50BF)

Breaker failure protection can be applied to one breaker and
two breakers applications.

• Two stages of under voltage protection and two stages of

overvoltage protection (27/59)
Under/over phase voltage protection and negative/zero
sequence overvoltage protection are provided.

• Four stages of underfrequency protection and four stages of

over frequency protection. (81)
Frequency is calculated reference to the positive sequence
voltage. The protection can be supervised by the df/dt
element and the undervoltage element.

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 • Stub protection for T-Zone in a 1½ breaker arrangements. • VT failure supervision.
(50S) • Self diagnostic.
Stub protection is introduced to protect T-zone in a one-and-
• Auxiliary power supervision.
a-half breaker arrangement or a ring breaker arrangement.
• Event recorder including 1024 disturbance records, 1024
• Time phase overcurrent protection during VT failure. (51P binary events, 1024 supervision events and 1024 operating
VT) logs.
Time phase overcurrent protection will be enabled if the • Counter of circuit breaker operation (single-pole tripping,
phase-to-phase distance is blocked by VT failure. three-pole tripping and reclosing).
• Disturbance recorder including 64 disturbance records
• Time zero sequence overcurrent protection during VT failure. with waveforms (The file format of disturbance recorder is
(51N VT) compatible with international COMTRADE file.)
Time zero sequence overcurrent protection will be enabled
if the phase-to-ground distance protection is blocked by VT
failure. Communications

• Pilot communication schemes (PUTT, POTT, Blocking, DTT,

• Switch-onto-fault (SOTF) logic.
WI).
Switch-onto-fault logic is used to clear fault during manually-
closing and auto-reclosing. • Two 10Base-T/100Base-TX (RJ45) ports and two optional
100Base-FX ports with IEC 61850-8-1 MMS and GOOSE for
• Unique power swing blocking logic. (68) non-time-critical message, IEC 60870-5-103 over TCP/IP or
The power swing blocking logic can prevent mal-operation DNP 3.0.
during external fault in power swing and clear the internal • Two RS-485 rear ports with IEC 60870-5-103.
fault quickly in power swing. • Six or Eight 100Base-FX ports with IEC 61850-9-2 Sampling
Value and GOOSE for time-critical message
• Out-of-step tripping (78)
• One RS-485 rear port for clock synchronization
The out-of-step status is detected in the relay and it can be
used to trip the transmission line. • One RS-232 rear port for printer
• One RJ45 front port for testing and setting
• Broken conductor protection (46BC) • Clock synchronization via Pulse-Per-Second, IRIG-B and
The ratio of negative to positive phase sequence current (Ι2/ SNTP
Ι1) is adopted to detect the broken conduct.

• Dead zone protection (50DZ)

It is provided to clear the dead zone fault between CT and Features
breaker.

• Thermal overload protection. (49) • The typical pickup time is 10 ms for a close-in fault, 15 ms
The output of thermal overload protection can be set to for a fault in the middle of a line, 25 ms for a remote fault.
tripping or alarm. • The relay is based on NR’s well established and proven
UAPC hardware platform with multi-processor architecture.
• Synchronism check. (25) The multi CPU technology supports parallel operating
Synchronism check and dead bus or dead line check are simultaneously.
both provided for auto-reclosing.
• The binary output can be used to initiate the power line
• Auto-reclosing (single and/or three-pole for one or two carrier transceiver or other signal channel, and the optical
breakers). (79) fiber is optional instead of carriers to realize the pilot
Single/three pole auto-reclosing is applicable to one or two scheme.
breakers. Priority logic is integrated for use on one-and-a- • The sensitive DPFC distance protection is integrated to
half breaker arrangement and ring breaker arrangement. target on the quick clearance of internal fault without being
affected by power swing.
• Voltage and current drift auto adjustment.
The relay continually and automatically traces the voltage • Phase-ground distance protection is provided with zero-
and current drifts and adjusts the zero point to the normal sequence compensation.
value. • The patented adaptive floating threshold is insensitive to
system imbalance and disturbance. The measuring element
• Frequency tracking. can achieve high security and high speed simultaneously.
Frequency tracking is provided to accommodate the
frequency shift in power system. • The unique built-in power swing blocking logic can properly
supervise the distance protection during a power swing. The
power swing blocking logic can prevent mal-operation for
Monitoring and Metering an external fault and quickly clear the internal fault during a
• CT failure supervision. power swing.

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• Up to four shots single and/or three pole auto-reclosing with • Users can select either Mho or quadrilateral characteristics
synchro-check and dead line/bus check are provided for for distance protection. The load blinder function is also
multi-breaker configuration. The priority logic of multi-breaker integrated.
auto-reclosing is integrated.
• The independent phase selection element can select the
• The relay is insensitive to the power source change and can faulty phase and make a phase trip correctly.
be applied to the weak infeed condition.
• The two independent data acquisition paths can prevent any
• Instantaneous, definite time and inverse time (IDMT) undesired trip caused by component failure. One works as a
characteristics are available in phase overcurrent protection fault detector and the other is designed for protection and its
and the zero sequence overcurrent protection which can logic. Tripping outputs are supervised by the fault detector to
be controlled by directional protection and/or under voltage prevent mal-operation.
protection through logic setting.
• The connector type is optional, one is the plug in/out terminal
• Independent distance protection is designed for pilot scheme connector and the other is the screw terminal connector. The
to realize PUTT, POTT, Blocking and DTT application. unique plug in/out terminal connectors are used to connect
Additional three zones of forward distance protection and the rear panel to the terminal blocks on the rack or cabinet,
one zone of reverse distance protection are provided. making on-site commissioning and replacement much easier
than using traditional screw terminals.

Technical data
Power Supply
Standard IEC 60255-11:2008
Voltage Range 88 to 300 Vdc or 88 to 264 Vac
Permissible AC ripple voltage ≤15% of the nominal auxiliary voltage
<30W (for conventional substation application)
Quiescent condition
<35W (for smart substation application)
Burden
<35W (for conventional substation application)
Operating condition
<40W (for smart substation application)

Analog Current
Standard IEC 60255-27:2005
Phase rotation ABC
Nominal frequency (fn) 50Hz, 60Hz
Nominal range fn±5Hz
Rated Current (In) 1A 5A
Linear to 0.05In ~ 40In
continuously 4In
for 10s 30In
Thermal withstand capability
for 1s 200In
for half a cycle 250In
Burden <0.2VA/phase < 0.25VA/phase

Analog Voltage
Standard IEC 60255-6, IEC60288
Phase rotation ABC
Nominal frequency (fn) 50Hz, 60Hz
Nominal range fn±5Hz
Rated phase-to-phase voltage (Un) 100~130V 200V (Broken delta for residual voltage)
linear to 1~170V 1~233V
continuously 200V 220V
Thermal withstand capability 10s 260V 380V
1s 300V 420V
Burden < 0.20VA/phase @Un < 0.8VA/phase@Un

Binary Inputs
Standard IEC 60255-1:2009
Rated voltage 24V 30V 48V 110V 125V 220V 250V
Rated current 1.2mA 1.5mA 2.4mA 1.1mA 1.25mA 2.2mA 2.5mA
Pickup voltage 13V~17V 17V~21V 26V~34V 60.5V~77V 60.5V~77V 121V~154V 121V~154V

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 Dropout voltage 90% of pickup voltage
Maximum permissive voltage 300Vdc
Withstand 2000VAC, 2800VDC(continuously)
Resolving time for logic input <1ms

Binary Outputs
Item Tripping contact Signal contact
Output mode Potential free contact
5A@250V AC 8A@380V AC
Continuous carry
5A@250V DC 8A@250V DC
Pickup time <8ms <10ms
Drop-off time <5ms (not include delay time by software) <8ms
6A@3s 10A@3s
Short duration current 15A@0.5s 20A@0.5s
30A@0.1s 30A@0.2s
0.6A@48VDC 0.7A@48VDC
Breaking capacity (L/R=40ms) 0.2A@110VDC 0.3A@110VDC
0.1A@220VDC 0.2A@220VDC
380V AC 380V AC
Maximal working voltage
250V DC 250V DC
Test voltage across open contact 1000V RMS for 1minute 1200V RMS for 1 minute

Mechanical Specifications
Enclosure dimensions (W×H×D) 482.6mm×177.0mm×291.0mm
Mounting Flush mounted
Trepanning dimensions (W×H) 450.0mm×179.0mm, M6 screw
Housing color Silver grey
Protection class: IEC 60255-1:2009
Front side IP40, up to IP51 (Flush mounted)
Other sides IP30
Rear side, connection terminals IP20
Pollution degree 2

Ambient Temperature and Humidity Range

Standard IEC 60255-1:2009
Operating temperature -40°C to +70°C Note: The operating temperature of LCD is -20°C ~ +70°C
Transport and storage temperature range -40°C ~ +70°C
Permissible humidity 5% ~ 95%,
Altitude <3000m

Communication Port
- EIA-485 Port
Baud rate 4.8kbit/s, 9.6kbit/s, 19.2kbit/s, 38.4kbit/s, 57.6kbit/s, 115.2kbit/s
Protocol IEC 60870-5-103:1997
Maximal capacity 32
Transmission distance <500m
Safety level Isolation to ELV level
Twisted pair Screened twisted pair cable

- Ethernet Port
Connector type RJ-45
Transmission rate 100Mbits/s
Transmission standard 10Base-T/100Base-TX
Transmission distance <100m
Protocol IEC 60870-5-103:1997 or IEC 61850
Safety level Isolation to ELV level

- Optical Fiber Port

Characteristic Plastic optical fiber Glass optical fiber
Terminal BFOC/2.5 (OR F-SMA) BFOC/2.5 (OR F-SMA)
Fibre size Step-index 980/1000 μm Graded-index 62.5/125 μm
Transmission distance Up to 40m Up to 1000m
Wave length 660nm 820nm~860nm
Transmission power Min. -7dBm Min. -16dBm
Minimum receiving power Min. -20dBm Min. -24dBm
System reserve Min +3dB Min +3dB

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- Print Port
Type RS-232
Baud Rate 4.8kbit/s, 9.6kbit/s, 19.2kbit/s, 38.4kbit/s, 57.6kbit/s, 115.2kbit/s
Printer type EPSON® 300K printer
Safety level Isolation to ELV level

- Clock Synchronization Port

Type RS-485
Transmission distance <500m
Maximal capacity 32
Timing standard PPS, IRIG-B
Safety level Isolation to ELV level

Type Test
- Environmental tests
Dry cold test Per IEC60068-2-1:2007
Dry heat test Per IEC60068-2-2:2007
Damp heat test, cyclic Per IEC60068-2-30:2005

- Mechanical tests
Vibration Per IEC 60255-21-1:1988 Class I
Shock and bump Per IEC 60255-21-2:1988 Class I

- Electrical tests
Standard IEC 60255-27:2005
Dielectric tests Test voltage 2kV, 50Hz, 1min
Standard IEC 60255-5:2000
Impulse voltage tests Test voltage 5kV
Overvoltage category III
Insulation resistance measurements Isolation resistance >100MΩ@500VDC

- Electromagnetic Compatibility
Per IEC 60255-22-1:2007
1MHz burst disturbance test Common mode: class III 2.5kV
Differential mode: class III 1.0kV
Per IEC60255-22-2:2008 class IV
Electrostatic discharge test For contact discharge: 8kV
For air discharge: 15kV
Per IEC 60255-22-3:2007 class III
Frequency sweep
Radiated amplitude-modulated
10V/m (rms), f=80…1000MHz
Radio frequency interference tests Spot frequency
Radiated amplitude-modulated
10V/m (rms), f=80MHz/160MHz/450MHz/900MHz
Radiated pulse-modulated
10V/m (rms), f=900MHz
Per IEC 60255-22-4:2008
Fast transient disturbance tests Power supply, I/O, Earth: class IV, 4kV, 2.5kHz, 5/50ns
Communication terminals: class IV, 2kV, 5kHz, 5/50ns
Per IEC 60255-22-5:2008
Power supply, AC input, I/O port: class IV, 1.2/50us
Surge immunity test Common mode: 4kV
Differential mode: 2kV
Per IEC 60255-22-6:2001
Conducted RF Electromagnetic Disturbance
Power supply, AC, I/O, Comm. Terminal: Class III, 10Vrms, 150 kHz~80MHz
Per IEC 61000-4-8:2001
Power Frequency Magnetic Field Immunity
class V, 100A/m for 1min, 1000A/m for 3s
Per IEC 61000-4-9:2001
Pulse Magnetic Field Immunity
class V, 6.4/16μs, 1000A/m for 3s
IEC 61000-4-10:2001
Damped oscillatory magnetic field immunity
class V, 100kHz & 1MHz–100A/m
IEC60255-11: 2008
Auxiliary power supply performance Voltage dips: Up to 300ms for dips to 40% of rated voltage without reset
Voltage short interruptions: 100ms for interruption without rebooting

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