English Language Teaching and Technology Journal

(ELT-Tech Journal)
Vol. 1 No. 1
Page: 22 - 30
URL: http://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/ELTTech/article/view/9428

STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS ON THE USE OF ONLINE LEARNING

PLATFORMS IN EFL CLASSROOM
Laxmi Mustika Cakrawati
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
laxmicakrawati@student.upi.edu

Article first received: Final proof received:

25 September 2017 29 November 2017

ABSTRACT: Due to the rapid advancement of technology, teachers are

expected to integrate technology into the classroom to engage students who are
considered as digital-natives. Thus, Edmodo and Quipper as online learning
platforms are widely used by English teachers in teaching and learning. The
online learning platforms are also used as a supplementary tool to promote
independent learning. This study focuses on students’ perceptions on the use of
online learning platform in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) Classroom. The
research involved 40 participants consist of junior and senior high school
students in Bandung, West Java. The data were collected through questionnaires
and interviews and were analyzed using mixed methods approach. The results
of the study indicated that majority of participants considered the use of
Edmodo or Quipper in English teaching and learning is effective and efficient in
terms of time. Although slow-speed internet is considered to be one of
difficulties in using Edmodo and Quipper, most of the participants agreed that
the online learning platforms can help them in practicing language skills,
acquiring new vocabularies, and improving their understanding on the contents
of the lesson.

Keywords: Edmodo; Quipper; perceptions

INTRODUCTION Some frameworks have been proposed by

The era of the 21st century has been marked by education experts related to 21st century
rapid changes in several areas such as global education and learning. Generally, the
economy, technology, culture, society, as well as frameworks focus on certain core competencies
education. The terms “21st century education,” including collaboration, critical thinking,
“21st century learning,” and “21st century skills” technology and digital literacy, and problem-
are widely known these days. Teachers and solving. The framework of P21 (Partnership for
schools face big challenges in teaching their 21st century Skills) is one of the frameworks that
students to live and survive in the current era. is widely used by educators who emphasize the
Teachers have to help students to master 21st importance of 21st century skills in learning.
century skills so they can deal with the According to the framework of P21, there are
challenges of 21st century. four aspects of skills required for students’
outcomes and one of them is mastering

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information, media, and technology skills. Since something meaningful. In English classroom,
students are considered as digital natives and teachers can ask students to post some photos in
people nowadays live in a technology and their Instagram with English caption. Teachers
media-driven environment, they are expected to can also encourage students to convey their
be familiar with skills related to information, opinion towards something and share ideas in
media, and technology such as accessing and Twitter, and discuss through Edmodo or
evaluating information, using and managing Quipper. Archambault, Wetzel, Foulger, and
information, analyzing media, creating media Williams (2016) stated that the use of social
products, and applying technology effectively networking tools accommodates feedback
(Partnership for 21st Century Learning, 2009). between instructors and students and it makes
The concept of 21st century education suggests them communicate more efficiently and
teachers to develop their instruction to ensure effectively. Since it is easier to access social
their students meet the requirement of 21st networking tools, students can receive immediate
century skills. The relevant knowledge are response and feedback.
expected to establish students’ skills for The use of online learning platform such as
competitive career and good life, skills for Edmodo and Quipper has been implemented by
lifelong learning and creative innovation, and some teachers as an attempt in integrating
skills for literacy, information, media, and technology into teaching and learning process in
technology. (Suherdi, 2012) the classroom. The online platforms promote
Therefore, teachers as a part of educational both inquiry based learning and independent
support system should be able to focus on learning since the online platforms facilitate
emphasizing deep understanding and engage interactions between teacher and students
students with real world data and tool. In terms although they are not in the same room. Edmodo
of learning strategies, teachers should be able to and Quipper as free of charge and user-friendly
integrate the use of supportive technology, social learning platforms provide learners with
problem-based approaches, and higher order various features that allow learners to interact
thinking skills. They should create classroom and collaborate with teacher and peers as well as
atmosphere that will support teaching and to access course provided by teacher. The teacher
learning of 21st century. Teachers should can distribute the assignment, set the submission
integrate technologies with content and deadline, and monitor students’ progress.
pedagogy. 21st century learning involves the Moreover, the online platforms also allow
engagement of students in collaborative work parents to monitor their children’s progress.
and real-world problem solving through effective Many studies have been conducted by
exploitation of information and communication researchers related to the implementation of
(ICT). According to Hwee, Koh, and Chai (2016), these online learning platforms. The study
21st century learning is characterized by students conducted by Kongchan (2012) in Thailand
ability in developing social skills for revealed that the teachers participated in the
collaboration, conflict resolution, and study perceived Edmodo as a wonderful and
multicultural communication, cognitive skills to user-friendly social learning network that allow
engage in critical thinking for innovation and them as non-digital-native teachers to explore
complex problem solving, metacognitive skills to and utilize the site so they can run their online
engage in self-reflection and self-learning, classes well. Students participated in the study
productivity skills to organize work effectively also agreed that using Edmodo was an enjoyable
and efficiently, and technological skills to exploit activities. Another study involved 94
ICT tools appropriately. Thus, teachers should be undergraduates in Thailand EFL classroom
able to develop the ability to creatively use showed that students perceived Edmodo as a
technology to meet students’ learning needs. beneficial supplementary learning tool because it
Because language learning should not only occur can increase students’ motivation and
in the classroom, technological devices can be participation in online learning activities
used by teachers and students to facilitate (Manowong, 2016). Similarly, the result of a
language learning. Teachers should encourage study conducted in Al Ain University in United
students to use their smartphones for doing Arab Emirates showed that students liked

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Students’ perceptions on the use of online learning...

Edmodo because it is easy to use. They thought platforms in English classroom and benefits of
Edmodo was quite similar to a social media they using the online learning platforms such as
occasionally use since it allows students to Edmodo and Quipper.
interact outside the classroom by using their Thus, the study seeks to achieve
smartphone and tablets. The study also aforementioned purposes and the issues to be
suggested that students will accept technology in discussed in this paper will be summarized in the
the classroom depends on these four important following research questions:
aspects: attention, relevance, confidence, and 1. How do students perceive the use of
satisfaction (Mustafa, 2015). The study conducted Edmodo and Quipper in the EFL classroom?
at Taibah University in Saudi Arabia also 2. What are the benefits of using Edmodo and
revealed that students thought that using Quipper in the EFL classroom?
Edmodo can facilitate them in learning as well as
increasing the effectiveness of communication as
it save time (Al-said, 2015). Positive attitudes METHOD
toward Edmodo were also shown in the result of Research Design
the study of Balasubramanian, Jaykumar, and The study employs a mixed method approach to
Fukey (2014) in Selangor, Malaysia and the study put quantitative and qualitative data together.
of Al-kathiri (2015) in Saudi Arabia. The paradigm of the research involves the
In Indonesian EFL context, studies related collection and analysis of quantitative and
to the use of online learning platforms have been qualitative data to provide better understanding
conducted by some researchers. Purnawarman, in answering research questions investigated in
Sundayana, & Susilawati (2016) conducted a the study (Malik & Hamied, 2016). It is in line
study to find out students’ perception towards with Creswell (2009) who states that mixed
the use of Edmodo in teaching writing and how methods utlizes the strength of both qualitative
Edmodo can facilitate students’ engagement. The and quantitative research. The study adopted the
result of the study showed that Edmodo can be concurrent triangulation design which allowed
integrated into GBA writing cycles. There are the researcher to collect both quantitative and
also some issues appeared in the study regarding qualitative data concurrently and to compare the
the bandwidth, confusion in using Edmodo, data to figure out if there is convergence,
incompatibility of smartphone applications, and differences, or some combination (Creswell, 2009).
students’ lack responsibilities for learning.
Moreover, a study conducted by Saptani (2017) Data Collection
involving three English teachers in Semarang, The study was conducted in November 11 –
Central Java revealed that Quipper School November 19, 2016. It involved 40 students
provides abundant alternative materials that can consists of 20 junior high school students and 20
be used in various learning activities. It also senior high school students. The participants
allowed an interaction between students and come from different schools in Bandung, West
teacher and increased students’ motivation in Java.
learning. Thus, the teachers participated in the Questionnaire and interview were used to
study perceived Quipper School as a good media collect the data in the research. The questionnaire
in teaching English. was adapted and simplified from similar
The theories and the result of the studies previous studies conducted by Kongchan (2012)
mentioned above indicate that teachers can and Manowong (2016). The questionnaire
utilize online learning platforms such as Edmodo consists of 12 closed-ended questions using a
and Quipper to bring technology into the four-Likert scale. The questionnaire was
classroom. Nonetheless, in Indonesian EFL administered to figure out students’ perception
context, little research has been done to figure towards the use of online learning platforms such
out students’ perception towards the use of as Edmodo and Quipper in the classroom.
online learning platforms in English classroom in Meanwhile, interview was conducted to 15
junior and senior high school. Therefore, the students. The interview which consists of six
study attempts to investigate students’ questions aimed to gain in-depth explanation
perceptions towards the use of online learning and description on the use of online learning

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Students’ perceptions on the use of online learning...

platforms in the classroom. Furthermore, the FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS

interview held to investigate students’ opinion This section presents and discusses the findings
about the benefits of using Edmodo or Quipper. related to the research questions on students’
perception on the use of online learning
Data Analysis platforms in English as a Foreign Language (EFL)
The data from students’ closed-ended classroom. The discussion is shown through the
questionnaire was statistically computed to find interpretation of the results shown in the tables
out the percentage of each statement and then elaborated with the findings from the interview.
was interpreted descriptively. The interview data The results of the study were obtained
were all transcribed and analyzed for repeating from 40 participants consist of 20 junior high
key features which were related to the use of school and 20 senior high school students. The
online learning platforms in the classroom. The students have used either Edmodo or Quipper in
reappearing of particular opinion can be English classroom for at least one year. The
assumed as the participants’ concern towards the students stated that the online learning platforms
issue. The data from the questionnaire and are mostly used for reading and listening.
interview were used to provide description of Besides, teachers usually utilize the learning
students’ perception on the use of online learning platforms to assign some tasks and tests.
platforms such as Edmodo and Quipper and the In order to answer research questions, the
benefits felt by students after using the learning findings from students’ questionnaire is shown
platforms in English teaching and learning in Table 1.
process.

Table 1. Students’ Perceptions on the Use of Edmodo and Quipper1

Strongly
No. Questions Agree Neutral Disagree
Agree
1 I think the reference materials (videos, power
point files, articles) and assignments posted by my
teacher in Edmodo or Quipper help me to 17.5% 67.5% 15.0% -
improve my learning and to understand the
contents/ topics of the lesson better.
2 I think Edmodo or Quipper is convenient to use
27.5% 52.5% 20.0% -
especially in submitting assignments.
3 I think online activities and discussions in
Edmodo or Quipper can motivate me to learn 12.5% 45.0% 37.5% 5%
more about the lesson.

Table 1 shows that most respondents (SA disagree can indicate that students give positive
= 17.5%, Agree = 67.5%) in the study agreed that response to Edmodo or Quipper regarding the
materials provided by their teachers in Edmodo materials relevancy, convenience, and stimulus
or Quipper help them in improving their in motivating them to learn more about related
understanding of the lessons. The students (SA lesson. Table 2 shows students’ response on time
= 27.5%, Agree = 52.5%) also thought that effectiveness and encouragement in practicing
Edmodo or Quipper is easy to use especially in language skills and acquiring new vocabularies.
submitting their assignments. Although there The table showed that 65% respondents agree
are students who are neutral and did not agree and strongly agree with the statement that the
with question 3 which stated whether or not use of Edmodo and Quipper saves effort and
Edmodo or Quipper can motivate them to learn time in learning. Majority of the respondents
about the lesson, the high percentage still can be strongly agree (15%) and agree (67.5%) that the
seen by the students who chose agree (45%) and online learning platforms can help them in
strongly agree (12.5%). It can be concluded that practicing their English skills. Moreover,
the high gap between agree and neutral or students mostly agreed (strongly agree = 22.5%,

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Students’ perceptions on the use of online learning...

agree = 65%) that Edmodo and Quipper can that students’ positive attitude towards the use
help them in acquiring new English vocabulary. of Edmodo or Quipper in the classroom since it
The table also show there were high gaps can help them to practice their language skills as
between agree and neutral or disagree in well as to acquire new English vocabularies.
question 5 and question 6. Those gaps indicated

Table 2. Students’ Perceptions on the Use of Edmodo and Quipper 2

No. Questions Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree
Agree
4 I think the use of Edmodo or Quipper saves effort 27.5% 37.5% 30.0% 5.0%
and time.
5 I think the use of Edmodo or Quipper helps me 15.0% 67.5% 17.5% -
practicing my language skills
6 I think Edmodo or Quipper helps me acquiring 22.5% 65.0% 12.5% -
new English vocabularies.

Table 3 shows that many students (neutral Edmodo or Quipper can increase the
= 40%) cannot decide whether or not Edmodo or effectiveness of learning. Most of the
Quipper engage them in interesting reading respondents (75%) also agreed that Edmodo or
experience. However, half of the respondents Quipper can facilitate interaction and
(strongly agree = 17.5%, agree = 37.5%) agreed communication between teacher and students.
that read online materials through the learning The table also shows that although many
platforms can be a quite interesting experience students chose neutral in question 7, the
for them. Because of the students believed that percentage of agree in higher in the two
the use of Edmodo or Quipper saves time and following questions.
efforts, the data shows that students thought

Table 3. Students’ Perceptions on the Use of Edmodo and Quipper 3

No. Questions Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree
Agree
7 I think the use of Edmodo or Quipper makes my 17.5% 37.5% 40% 5%
reading experience more interesting
8 I think the use of Edmodo or Quipper increases 27.5% 60% 10% 2.5%
the effectiveness of learning
9 I think Edmodo or Quipper facilitates interaction 30% 45% 15% 10%
and communication between teacher and
students.

Table 4 shows that half of the respondents choosing disagree (40%). The last question
cannot decide whether or not they prefer reading showed that one of the problems in using online
the materials in paper instead or reading the learning platforms is slow-speed internet on
materials online. Although the data from the students’ mobile. The table also showed that
previous question showed that many students there are many students choose to be neutral in
felt that Edmodo or Quipper made their reading these three questions. However, the percentage
experience more interesting, the result of of students who chose disagree in question 11
question 10 showed that many students (strongly and 12 were quite high.
agree = 10%, agree = 35%) still prefer reading the In depth explanation towards the use of
materials or text in paper form. Question 11 online learning platforms were obtained through
indicated that many students thought Edmodo the interview. The interview involving 15
and Quipper as an easy to use learning tool. It is students showed that most of the students agreed
shown by the high percentage of students that using Edmodo or Quipper can save time.

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Students’ perceptions on the use of online learning...

Besides, they also stated that since online internet connection can be quite a main problem
learning only use laptop or cellular phone, it can in using Edmodo or Quipper. The students
save paper. The students highlighted that by mentioned that slow-speed internet is a problem
doing the assignment or test through Edmodo or usually encountered in doing the tasks. Besides,
Quipper, they can know the result as soon as few respondents also mentioned that instead of
they finished the tasks. Thus, they believe that using their mobile data, they thought that it is
the feature belongs to one of advantage of using better for them to find out places with high-speed
Edmodo or Quipper in the classroom. However, internet connection to do their Edmodo or
because students have to remain online when Quipper tasks.
they do the tasks given, they thought that

Table 4. Students’ Perceptions on the Use of Edmodo and Quipper 4

No. Questions Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree
Agree
10 I prefer reading my courses in paper form instead 10.0% 35.0% 50.0% 5.0%
of reading them through Edmodo or Quipper.
11 I think it is difficult to use Edmodo or Quipper as 7.5% 25.0% 27.5% 40.0%
mobile learning application.
12 I think it is difficult to use Edmodo or Quipper 12.5% 17.5% 47.5% 22.5%
because of the slow-speed internet on my mobile

Furthermore, based on the interview, for teacher to use Edmodo and Quipper as
due to the practicality, some students think that supplementary learning tool.
online learning should be promoted in the
classroom. They think that online learning is Students’ Perceptions on the Use of Online
quite simple and practical. They mentioned that Learning Platforms
online learning can be easier because they do not The data showed that students gave various
need to hand-write their assignment. Using responses toward the use of online learning
Edmodo or Quipper also bring new learning platforms such as Edmodo or Quipper in the
atmosphere and they do not get bored by doing classroom. However, most of the respondents of
the tasks given through the platforms. On the the study perceived the use of Edmodo or
other hand, some other students emphasize that Quipper in positive way.
both online and conventional learning are The students participated in the study
important. They think that in some cases, direct agree that by using Edmodo or Quipper, they can
explanation by teacher can be beneficial in learn particular lesson outside the classroom. The
helping them to understand the lesson. The students mentioned that Edmodo or Quipper
teachers can repeat some parts which could not allow them to do the assignments given by their
be understood by the students and the students teacher at home or anywhere, anytime. The
can ask their teacher to re-explain the lesson. The online learning platforms allow the students to
students also said that conventional learning do the assignment during their spare time,
allow them to interact directly with their teachers. anywhere, as long as they have sufficient internet
They can ask things they do not understand and connection. They also mentioned that the online
their teacher will directly answer those questions. materials provided by their teacher through
The students stated that it is important for them Edmodo or Quipper are easily accessible. The
to get response or feedback from teachers. online learning platforms allow teachers to create
However, students believe that teachers should and share materials to support students’ learning
implement both conventional and online learning as well as to provide learning tasks to help them
during teaching and learning process and in practicing the language. The accessible
because the use of online learning platforms gave platforms encourage students to learn in any
many benefits, students argued that it is better location and at any time via computer, tablets, or

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Students’ perceptions on the use of online learning...

smartphones (Wallace, 2014; Hammonds et al., makes reading becomes more interesting. It is in
2013 in Manowong, 2016). line with the result of the study conducted by
Students see the use of online learning Mustafa (2015) who stated that students do not
platform in the classroom is environment- feel bored when they learn through Edmodo.
friendly. Although some of the students still Using social media tools can develop students’
prefer reading the text in the paper, they think learning experience since they increased the level
that online learning should be promoted since it of students’ engagement in improving students’
is paperless and is very good for environment. educational outcomes (Cruz & Cruz, 2013 in
Related to the problems on using the Manowong, 2016). The platform also breaks their
online learning platforms in English classroom, learning routine and it motivate them to interact
the participants involved in the study mentioned and share information between peers. In addition,
that the internet connection is the main problem by using Quipper teachers and students can
appeared during the use of Edmodo or Quipper. engage in interpersonal communication. The
The finding is supported by the result of the features of ‘message’ and ‘announcement’
study conducted by Enriquez (2014) and facilitate teachers to interact with their students.
(Ekmekçi, 2016) which state that the access to the Edmodo, with its chat features, can encourage
internet is the main disadvantage of using students’ confidence and motivation and can
Edmodo because while the platforms requires facilitate shy students to interact more with
constant internet connection, not all students teachers and their peers (Al-kathiri, 2015).
have a good access to internet connection. In Moreover, the interaction between
addition, the small-sized screen, the slow-speed students is facilitated through ‘group work’
internet, and bandwith appear as problems feature (Mulyono, 2016). In line with this, a study
encountered by students who use Edmodo in involving private university students in Selangor,
their class (Al-kathiri, 2015; Purnawarman, Malaysia reveals that one of the advantages of
Sundayana, & Susilawati, 2016) using Edmodo is promoting group learning
through its features such as discussion, online
The Benefits of Using Online Learning quiz, and sharing folder option
Platforms in EFL Classroom (Balasubramanian, Jaykumar, & Fukey, 2014).
The data presented showed that materials The role of online learning platforms in
provided by teachers in Edmodo or Quipper can facilitating interaction also mentioned in the
help students to improve their understanding study conducted by Purnawarman, Sundayana,
towards the lessons. The students also mentioned & Susilawati (2016). It is stated that when the
that the exercises in the online learning platforms students join groups and comment on posts, they
help them to practice language skills and to realize that Edmodo has facilitated them to
acquire new English vocabularies. The students communicate with their surroundings.
agreed that the listening task given by the As previously mentioned, teachers utilize
teachers provide them with materials that can be Edmodo or Quipper to give students assignment
used for practicing outside the classroom. or test. It means that students use Edmodo or
Besides, since the online learning platforms Quipper as one of evaluation tools. The online
expose them to various abundant reading learning platforms can be an alternative effective
materials, the students can obtain new assessment tool in language classroom.
vocabularies by reading the materials. The Furthermore, many students feel that online
findings is supported by Chapelle (2003) who exam can reduce their anxiety during the test
states that enhancing students’ linguistic input is (Ekmekçi, 2016). Moreover, students found that
one of the benefits that should be brought when submitting their assignment or test in Edmodo or
teacher utilize computer technology in the Quipper is quite easy. Besides, it does not require
classroom. much time and effort.
The use of Edmodo or Quipper in the In addition, the findings showed that
classroom also stimulates students’ interest and students, who are considered as digital-natives,
engages them in new learning experience. They are motivated when teachers integrate
said that instead of reading the text in the paper, technology into the classroom. Computer-based
they read the text through the screen and it

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assignments are effective to discover students’ Regarding the findings of the study, some
understanding on certain concepts of the subject. recommendations are suggested. For teachers,
Working with computer will make students learn since the use of online learning platform is
more quickly, show greater retention, and are promising to be implemented in the classroom,
better motivated to learn (Koert, 2000 in Enriquez, teachers have to be more creative in choosing
2014). The use of technology can gain students’ materials. The challenges encountered by
interest because it satisfies their technology teachers are selecting materials which not only
addiction. The digital-native students can be meet students’ need and development but also
interested in learning because they like the fact help students to achieve learning objectives.
that they utilize technology in the classroom Teachers are also encouraged to be more
(Mustafa, 2015). interactive during the online learning process. It
will be better if they can give immediate response
and feedback on students’ work regularly.
CONCLUSIONS Although students’ difficulties in operating
The findings of the study indicate that students online learning platform do not appear as one of
show positive response towards the use of online the problems in the study, it is recommended for
learning platforms such as Edmodo or Quipper. teachers to show the students step by step in
The students participated in the study perceive using the online platforms to ensure that their
online learning platforms as a user-friendly students will be able to operate the online
learning tool which encourage them to interact platforms outside the classroom. Related to the
with their teachers and peers outside the internet connection as a main problem in using
classroom. The online learning platforms Edmodo or Quipper, school should provide
facilitate them with the features allowing them to internet facilities to support the integration of
work independently yet share their thoughts technology in the classroom. Finally, further
through group discussion. Besides, students studies involving more participants or different
think that using online learning platforms in areas are suggested to be conducted to explore
learning process is effective since it saves time more not only about students’ and teachers’
and effort. They also think that online learning is perception but also about the effectiveness of
environment-friendly because it can save paper using online learning platforms in the different
used for the assignments. context of EFL Indonesian Classroom.
Some benefits of using online learning
platforms mentioned by the students. They think
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