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ANSCI2 (Common Terminologies in Animal Science)

This document provides common terminology used in animal science, specifically for cattle, horses, swine, sheep, goats, and meat/meat products. Key terms defined include: - Parturition and specific terms for giving birth (calving, farrowing, kidding, foaling, lambing) - Gestation, conception, dam, sire, fertility, fecundity, sterility, impotency, puberty, weanling, weaning, fertilization, ovulation - Terms for cattle including ox, bull, cow, heifer, steer, calf, carabull, bullock, proven sire, transmitting ability - Terms for horses including stallion, mare

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2K views15 pages

ANSCI2 (Common Terminologies in Animal Science)

This document provides common terminology used in animal science, specifically for cattle, horses, swine, sheep, goats, and meat/meat products. Key terms defined include: - Parturition and specific terms for giving birth (calving, farrowing, kidding, foaling, lambing) - Gestation, conception, dam, sire, fertility, fecundity, sterility, impotency, puberty, weanling, weaning, fertilization, ovulation - Terms for cattle including ox, bull, cow, heifer, steer, calf, carabull, bullock, proven sire, transmitting ability - Terms for horses including stallion, mare

Uploaded by

Madelyn Arimado
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMMON

TERMINOLOGIES
IN ANIMAL
SCIENCE
GENERAL TERMINOLOGIES
Parturition - the act of giving birth in farm animals.
Specific Terms:
A. Calving - act of giving birth in cows.
B. Farrowing - act of giving birth in sows.
C. Kidding - act of giving birth in does (goats and rabbits).
D. Foaling - act of giving birth in mares.
E. Lambing - act of giving birth in ewes.
Gestation - period of pregnancy; or the period from conception
until birth.
Conception - implantation of the zygote.
Dam - female parent; mother
Sire - male parent; father
Fertility - in female it is the ability to produce
fertilizable ova to provide proper environment for
and of initiating cell division and embryonic
development. In male, it is the ability to produce
large number of sperms capable of fertilization.
Fecundity (or prolificacy) - ability to give birth to
offsprings frequently or numerous young at
frequent intervals.
Sterility - inability to produce normal young or
offspring.
Impotency - failure to copulate among males
Puberty - beginning of sexual maturity, as
exhibited by first estrus or ovulation in females.
Weanling - young animal after separation from
its dam or mother.
Weaning - the process of separating the
young or offspring from its dam or mother.
Fertilization - the process of uniting the sperm
and ovum inside the uterus of the female.
Ovulation - the process of shedding the
mature ovum/ova from the ovaries of the
females.
TERMS USED IN CATTLE
Ox - member of the bovine family, or sometimes, the male used
for draft purposes.
Cattle - general term for domesticated bovine animals.
Bull - a mature uncastrated male cattle used for breeding.
Cows - a mature female cattle that has already given birth and
used for breeding.
Heifer - young female cattle under three years of age, usually
one that has not yet given birth.
Steer - a male cattle that has been castrated before the
secondary sex characters develop.
Stag - male cattle castrated after sexual maturity.
Calf - young cattle of either sex less than one year of age.
Bull Calf - young male cattle under one year of age.
Carabull - carabao bull; caraheifer; caracow; etc.
(As proposed by Dr. Valente Villegas, UPLB); the
use of prefix “cara” to terms for cattle to be applied
to Carabaos.
Bullock - usually stag used for draft/work
purposes.
Proven Sire - bull about whom there is sufficient
unselected information to indicate its transmitting
ability.
Transmitting Ability - the ability of an animal to
pass on either good or bad production traits to its
progeny.
HORSE
Stallion - a mature uncastrated male horse used for
breeding ;
Stud Horse - is also preferred especially if it’s for
breeding purposes.
Mare - a mature female horse that has already given
birth.
Brood Mare - is also preferred if it is used for breeding
purposes.
Colt - young male horse usually up to 3 years old.
Filly - young female horse usually up to 3 years old.
Foal - young horse of either sex below one year old.
Gelding - a male horse castrated while still young.

Geld Mare - a dry mare, which has not produced


any young during the breeding season.

Ridgling - a stallion with only one testis or none in


the scrotum.

Equitition - horsemanship; the art of riding on


horseback or an art of horseback riding.
SWINE
Boar - a mature uncastrated male swine used as
breeder.
Sow - a mature female swine that has already
given birth.
Gilt - a young female swine under one year of age,
usually one that has not yet delivered.
Shote - young pig of either sex weighing
approximately 60 kgs.
Barrow - a male pig which is castrated while still
young; or a castrated pig that is unsexed before
the secondary characteristics have developed.
Stag - a male pig castrated after sexual maturity.

Suckling - young pigs from birth up to weaning.

Weanling - young pigs separated from their


dam/mother, about 1.5 to 2 months old.

Litter - the aggregate number of pigs born in one


farrowing by one mother.

Litter Size - the number of young born in one litter.


SHEEP AND GOATS
1. Ram or Buck -mature uncastrated male
sheep or goat used as breeder.
2. Ewe - mature female sheep that has
already given birth and used as breeder.
3. Lamb - young sheep of either sex below
one year of age.
4. Wether Sheep - male sheep which is
castrated while still young, preferably one to three
weeks of age.
5. Shearling - yearling sheep with two teeth.
6. Fleece - wool covering of the sheep.
Billy goat or Buck - male goat of any age.
Pelt - wool and skin of the sheep.
Doe - a mature female goat or deer that has
already given birth and used as breeder.
Kid - young goat of either sex below one
year old.
Wether goat - castrated male goat which
was unsexed before the secondary sex
characters have developed.
MEAT AND MEAT PRODUCTS
Meat of Different Farm Animals
A. Beef - meat of cattle, 1 year of age or over.
B. Veal - meat of cattle, less than 1 year of age.
C. Pork - meat of pig/swine.
D. Venison - meat of deer.
E. Mutton - meat of sheep, 1 year of age or over.
F. Lamb - meat of sheep, less than one year of age.
G. Chevon - meat of goats.
H. Horse Meat - meat of horses.
I. Carabeef - carabao beef; caraveal - carabao veal
(proposed by V. Villegas).
Meat - properly dressed flesh derived from animals
sufficiently mature and in good condition at time of
slaughter. It is also the flesh obtained from animals uses
as food. The term also includes bones, blood,
connective tissues, blood vessels, fats and skin, together
with the lean muscles that are edible.
Flesh - is any clean, sound, edible part of the striated
muscle of an animal. These constitute the muscular
tissues of the animal.
Slaughtering - the processes from fasting through
stunning, bleeding up to skinning, evisceration and
halving.
Butchering - the processes from splitting and
quartering to cutting the carcass into retail cuts.
THANK
YOU!

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