Final Purposive Full Blown 2

| PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION i
Our Vision
BACHELOR OF ELEMENTARY EDUCATION

GE 4: PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
JULITA P. DELA CRUZ
SSU Paranas Campus

1 |PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION i
PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
JULITA P. DELA CRUZ

1 |PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------vi
PREFACE------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----vii
UNIT 1 COMMUNICATION IN THE GLOBAL WORLD
Lesson 1: Communication Process, Principles, and Ethics ---------------------------------------- 1
UNIT 2 COMMUNICATION IN TRHE DIGITAL AGE
Lesson 1: Communication Aids and Strategies Using Tools of Technology--------------------------15
UNIT 3 COMMUNICATION FOR INFORMATION AND PERSUASION
Lesson 1: Persuasion and Its Rhetorical Appeals-------------------------------------------------------------22
UNIT4 COMMUNICATION FOR WORK PURPOSES
Lesson 1: Fundamentals of Effective Communication in the Workplace-------------------------------33
Lesson 2: Communication for Employment: Writing Resumes-------------------------------------------41
Lesson 3: Writing Cover Letters-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - 52
Lesson 4: Building Interview Skills ------------------------------------------------------------------------------65
UNIT 5 COMMUNICATION FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES
Lesson 1: Writing to Describe and Narrate--------------------------------------------------------------------81
Lesson 2: Writing to Inform and Define-----------------------------------------------------------------------92
Lesson 3: Avoiding Plagiarism----------------------------------------------------------------------------------100
References------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------101
1 |PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION iii
PREFACE
Purposive Communication is about writing, speaking and presenting to different

audiences and for various purposes. (CMO 20 s 2013). Further, it was prepared with the
following objectives: (1) to align the CHED mandate and materials to the21st century
literacies, i.e., Partnership in the 21st Century( P21) Framework ; (2)to ensure that the
materials jibe with the established and current theories and principles in English; and (3) to
incorporate socio cognitive and transformative learning.
In the CHED Memorandum Order (CMO) No. 20, series of 2013 spelled out as the
Revised General Education Curriculum (GEC) for 2018,the core course titled Purposive
Communication generally aims to develop your fundamental skills of communication such
as listening, speaking, reading, writing, viewing and represented studied and simulated in
advanced academic. Purposive Communication offers different activities that will help you
achieve this goal.
Because of the pandemic COVID 19, Flexible Learning is the mode of delivering
instructions that’s why Learning Packet /Module is specifically developed or designed to
utilize and enhance students’ communicative competence and develop their cultural and
intercultural awareness through multimodal tasks that provide them opportunities for
communicating effectively and appropriately to a multicultural audience in local or global
context .This Learning Packet/Module uses various instructional approaches and strategies
based on the principles of differentiation, process orientation ,information, communication
and technology integration, collaboration, contextualization and reflective learning . All of
these are essentials as you adapt to the demands expected from a 21 st century learner ( like
you) who is described as skilled in different ways of learning; self -directed , that is,
demonstrating leadership skills , a lifelong learner himself /herself ;flexible or adaptable to
different circumstances including learning styles and needs.
Finally, Purposive Communication incorporates socio-cognitive model in English as a
second language pedagogy to ensure the 21st century multiliterate lifelong learning goal is
achieved.
1 |PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION i
1 |PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION 1
UNIT 1: COMMUNICATION IN THE GLOBAL WORLD

1.0 Intended Learning Outcomes
a. Describe the nature and elements of verbal and non-verbal

communication in various multicultural context;
b. Characterize communication in the digital age;
c. Analyze the principles and process of effective communication;
and
d. Explain the ethics of effective communication in the modern age.
1.1 Introduction
This topic deals on the communication processes, principles and ethics that
will apply in their daily lives particularly in communicating the people
around them ,locally and globally as in the 21st century .
1.2Topics/Discussion
1.2.1 COMMUNICATION PROCESSES, PRINCIPLES, AND ETHICS
Answer the following activities :
Activity 1. Examine the illustrations below. Which best describes your usual
family meal time? Study the illustrations below.
Watch the following two commercials on Filipino meal time and closely observe
how the family members communicate with one another.
1. Video Commercial of Lucky Me - The Most Disturbing Dinner,
youtube.com/watch? v=COW4aJJ9-BA)
2. Video Commercial of Lucky Me- Hapag- Usapan Commercial
https://www 1OqmW8vFw
| PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION 2
Pair up and discuss answers to the following questions:

1. What went wrong in the communication of the family members?
2. What could have worked better in their communication?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
3. How can meal time promote effective communication and family bond?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Activity 2
Reflect on the following questions.

1. Have you experienced the same thing when you were misunderstood by
others?
Have you experienced the same thing when people did not listen to you? How did
the conversation go? Write your answer here below.
B. James W. Neuliep (2006) lists eight properties of communication. Discuss

what each property means. Write your consolidated insights on the second
column. Then consult credible authors and professionals( can be your teachers )
about their views on each communication property. Write their definitions on
the third column. Just do this through interview via call or text from them.
Eight Properties and Definitions of Communication
What other people say

Communication as What your friend says (Consult authors,
professionals)
Process
Dynamic
Interactive-
Transactive
Symbolic
Intentional
Contextual
Ubiquitous
Cultural
Lecture
What is communication for you? Why communication is important to us ? To the

people surround you ?How do you communicate towards your friends ,siblings ,parents,
teachers and even to other people?
Study the picture below :
Figure 2. Communication
Question:
1. Using the five photos and the two commercials as your guide, characterize
miscommunication and communication in the modern age.
When does miscommunication happen?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Interestingly, you are in the era that communication has radically evolved
from face to face interaction to a virtual world.
Before you compare online and offline communication. Who are you are you? Write
your answer below.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
1. How similar is modern communication with traditional face to face

communication?
_____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
The active liker The Troll The Mema user
(Constantly appreciates (One who sows discord (Short term for mema-
posts and comments, is by provokes argument post or mema-
always updated) and upsetting people sabilang, posting
through off-topic anything even
messages) meaningless content
just to gain attention)
The Ultra The Seasonal User The Viral Celebrity

(One who has all the social (One who uses social (She/he draws attention
media apps and latest media at certain period and comments, both
news) of time) positive
and negative all the time.

communication?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. How different is modern communication from what it used to be?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
______
4. How different is modern communication from what it used to be?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
________
5. How different is modern communication from what is to be?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

communication?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
7. Summarize the key insights on the table below.
Face to face
Digital Communication
Communication
Limitans
Affordances
1.2.2Communication Principles
• Communication is a process of exchanging verbal and /or non-verbal
information between two or more people who can be either the speaker
or the receiver of the messages.
• Communication is used to meet the purpose of a person. The purpose
could be to inform, to persuade, or to entertain.
• Communication can be in the form of written, verbal, non-verbal, and
visuals.
➢ Written communication involves texts or words encoded and
transmitted through memos, letters, reports, on-line chat, short
message service or SMS, electronic mail 0r- e-mail, journals and other
written documents.
➢ Verbal communication involves an exchange of information through
face- to -face , audio and/ or video call conferencing, lectures,
meetings, radio, and television.
➢ Non- verbal communication involves the use of the following to
convey or emphasize a message of information.
= Voice – this includes tone, speech rate, pitch, pauses and volume.
= Body language- includes facial expressions, gestures, postures, and
eye contact.
=Personal space or distance- refers to an area of space and distance
that a person from a different culture, personality, age, sex, and status
adopts and puts for another person.
= Person appearance- refers how a person presents himself/ herself
to a particular situation, whether formal or informal.
= Visuals involve the use of images, graphs, charts, logos, and maps.
• Communication can be intended or unintended.
➢ Intended communication refers to planning what and how you
communicate your ideas to other people who are older than you are
or who occupy a higher social or professional position such as your

parents, teachers, and supervisors, among others.
➢ Unintended communication, on the other hand, happens when you
unintentionally send non-verbal messages to people you are
communicating with, or when you suddenly make negative remarks
out of frustration or anger.
• Communication is a complex process that requires you to
➢ know your audience
➢ determine your purpose
➢ identify your topic
➢ expect objections
➢ establish credibility with your target audience
present information clearly and objectively, and
➢ develop a practical, useful way to seek for feedback
1.2.3 Communication Process

The communication process involves elements such as source, message,
decoding, receiver, feedback, context, and barrier.
• Source- the speaker or sender of a message

• Message- the message, information, or ideas from the source or speaker
• Encoding- the process of transferring the message
• Channel- the means to deliver a message such as face-to face
conversations, telephone calls, e-mails, and memos, among others
• Decoding- the process of interpreting an encoded message
• Receiver- the recipient of the message
• Feedback- the reactions or responses of the receiver to the message from
the sender
• Context- the situation or environment in which communication takes
place
• Barriers- the factors which may affect the communication process.
Examples of barriers to communication:
➢ Culture
➢ Individual differences
➢ Language use
➢ Noise
➢ Past experience
➢ Status
Communication can be a one -way or two-way process. Communication as a one-

way process is best illustrated in the model of Shannon-Weaver ( 1949) as shown in
figure 1. In this model, the sender is active while the receiver is passive during the
communication process.
Figure 1. Shannon-Weaver Model of Communication
On the other hand, communication as a two-way process is exemplified by a

transaction model as shown in Figure 2. In this model, the messages, information,
or ideas are sent and received at the same time. Hence, the sender and the receiver
become active during the process, and both serve as communicators
Figure 2. Transactional Model of Communication
1.2.4 Communication Ethics

Effective communicators observe ethics. This means that they deal with values,
righteousness, and behavior appropriate for human communication particularly in
a multicultural situation. Below are some of the ethical considerations
• Uphold integrity. Be truthful with your opinion and be accurate with

your judgment
• Respect diversity of perspective and privacy. Show compassion and

consideration with the beliefs, status, affiliations, and privacy of others.
• Observe freedom of expression effectively. Be careful of what and how
you say your words depending on the type of people you are
communicating with.
• Promote access to communication. Give others an opportunity to express
what they feel and think about the message being communicated.
• Be open-minded. Accept that others have different views or opinions,
which may conflict with yours. So, listen and process the views of other
people, and learn how to reconcile their opinions with your own.
• Develop your sense of accountability. Acknowledge responsibility for all
your actions, good or bad.
Effective communication plays a crucial role in your personal and professional
success. Below are some guidelines foe effective communication.
• Be clear with your purpose. As a sender, you must have a specific

purpose in mind. This can help you convey your message effectively to
your target audience or receivers in written, verbal, non-verbal, or visual
form.
• Support your message with facts. When you provide an incomplete or
vague information, you can cause confusion or misunderstanding in
your audience. Hence, you should be well-prepared with your
supporting ideas through examples, experiences, or observations when
you deliver a message.
• Be concise. There is always a sense to this cliché, “ keep it short and
simple.” Avoid irrelevant or unnecessary details in your message and
keep it concise.
• Provide specific information in your feedback. Give feedback that is
timely, constructive, and specific to the being discussed.
• Adjust to the needs, interests, values, and beliefs of your audience. Every
person has different needs and comes from different cultural
background. Your role as effective communicator is to adjust to those
needs, interests, values and beliefs of your audience. Essentially, use
language or vocabulary which is appropriate to your audience. Avoid
technical terms and jargons because they can be barriers to
communication.
• Observe communication ethics. Some ethical practices in communication
have been mentioned. Observing ethics in a communication process will
help you build your credibility and make you more professional.
• Be your natural self and appear very confident. Have the right attitude
and disposition in life; control your emotions, and think well before you
speak.
Activity
Write T on the blank if the statement is true and F if it is false.
____1. A component communicator knows how to overcome the barriers to
communication.
____2. Communication is an on- going process.
____3. Communication is unintentional.
____4. Communication may not be possible in some situations.
____5. Context is a crucial component of communication.
____6. Efficient reading is required in decoding a message effectively.
____7. Feedback can be verbal or non-verbal.
____8. In order to be a good source, one has to deliver a clear message to his/her
receiver.
____9. Noise effects the communication process.
____10. One advantage of a written communication is that it provides records and
references.
____11. Oral communication is an essential element for the success of an
organization or a team.
____12. People communicate to meet their needs.
____13. The message is a key idea that the sender wants to communicate.
____14. The type of message determines the channel that the sender should use.
____15. Without the message, there is no point of communicating.
Assessment
a. As a final task for this lesson, you are challenged to create your own
model of communication, accounting the novel features of digital
communication. Draw your model here.
b. SELF-REFLECTION
Why should you as an individual respect and value people who are different from
you?
UNIT 2 –COMMUNICATION IN THE DIGITAL AGE

a. adopt awareness of your audience and context when you communicate with
others;
b. familiarize yourself with the different technological /online tools which
facilitate effective communication; and
c. list down common cross –cultural communication barriers and communication
strategies that can overcome these barriers
2.1 Introduction
We now live in a world where communicating to different kinds of people
from different places has become possible in just a click of button. Technology,
specifically your access to the internet, has allowed you to connect to individuals
or groups who are miles away from you. Such power in your hands also entails
great responsibility. You are responsible in understanding and learning more
about the cultural differences between and among cultures in order for you to
communicate effectively to anyone regardless of his or her culture or social
background.
2.2.1 Topic/Discussion( Assessment / Activities)

2.1.2 Communication Aids and Strategies Using Tools of
Technology
Do the activity first.
Activity 1
Your generation has always been labelled as the "digital natives"—

individuals who were born and raised in a world of gadgets, computers and the
internet. Now, you will be tested if you are truly a digital native. Below is a list of
technological tools that can be used in communication. For each listed, provide a
sample for each online communication tool and its benefits and disadvantages as a
communication tool.
Online Communication Sample Site/ Benefits Disadvantage

Tool App/ Software Communication
Videoconferencing e.g., Google
Hangout
Chat
Forums
voice over IP
email
Lecture
What can you observe with our communication nowadays? What technology are you using
in communicating with others?
As digital natives who now have the power to reach other people from
faraway places, you are now challenged to know more about others when you
mmunicate with them. Individuals from different backgrounds and cultures have
distinct erences in communicating with others. Though English is, most of the
time, used as a guage of international, cross-cultural communication, there are
still notable disparities the communication styles across cultures. One of which
is the difference in communicating nonverbally in high-context and low-context
cultures. The figure below shows the high context and low context continuum and
the selected countries/ regions and their places in the continuum.
Figure 1. Continuum
High-context cultures are highly dependent on nonverbal communication

and the context which the communication is taking place. In contrast, low-
context cultures are characterized heavily by verbal communication and the
communication tends to be more direct in style.
Activity 1
Your task this time is to label the statements listed below and identify whether
they describe low context or high context cultures. Label LCC for low-context
and HCC for high context culture.
________ 1. You need to be accurate at all times. Accuracy is very important in
this culture.
________ 2. When conversing, you are expected to speak only after your
interlocutor is done talking. Turn-taking is highly valued.
________ 3. You do not directly disagree because disagreements appear as
personal threats. You need to resolve the conflict immediately or
avoid it completely.
________ 4. Verbal messages are explicit and direct. What you say is more
important than the context when or where you said it.
________ 5. You beat around the bush. Some call it you sugar-coating your real
message because verbal messages, especially bad news, should be
delivered indirectly.
________ 6. You use words all the time because they are highly valued in this
culture.
________ 7. Communication tends to be linear, dramatic, precise and open.
________ 8. Disagreements are not taken personally. In work for example,
disagreements do not need to be resolved immediately for work to
continue. Solutions are based on rational decisions.
________ 9. Physical space is considered more communal. Standing very close
to others is a common practice.
________ 10. Efficiency is very important. The speed you complete a particular
work is very important.
What do you think is the importance of understanding high- and low-context

cultures? How does this help you successfully communicate to people of
different cultures?
Activity 2
You learned in the previous activity that people have diverse backgrounds
thus require diverse ways of communicating with them. In this activity, you will
have to create a list of communication barriers and communication strategies
that can be used to overcome these barriers. But before you work as a class,
answer first the questions below on your own. This will be your contribution to
the class discussion later.
1. Did you ever have an opportunity to interact with people coming from
different backgrounds using online communication tools like chat or
videoconferencing? Briefly describe your experience.
2. What did you learn from your interaction?
3. What were the challenges that you encountered when conveying your
message?
4. How did the online communication tool help you convey your message?
5. What specific strategies did you use to make sure that your
communication succeeds?
Once done, choose a class' facilitator. S/he will facilitate the discussion for
the class come up with a list of communication barriers commonly
encountered in cross-cultural
communication and the strategies that you can use to overcome these barriers.
Activity 4
For your last activity, you are tasked to find one viral post about a social issue
that concerns everyone regardless of social background (e.g., data privacy).
Complete the organizer below by following the instructions.
Describe the social issue discussed in the viral post. (2 points)

If you are to post a comment of your In the post, find two or three
personal stand on the issue, what comments of non-Filipinos. Write
would it be? Write a brief paragraph their comments here about the issue.
here. (3 points) (2 pts each)
What accounts for the differences and similarities? (10 points)
Assessment
Answer the following.
1. Find a viral post and look for a comment or two that may be similar or
dissimilar to your view. Write your comment as a reply to your chosen
comment. Your challenge is to make sure that you construct your
comment in a way that you recognize and respect the opinion of the
person you are giving a comment to and politely state your stand about
the issue. Take a screen shot of your comment.
Digital Portfolio: Upload a screenshot of the viral post and the comment that
you have given. Include in your portfolio your answer to the last question
where you are asked to compare and contrast your comments.
2. Self –Reflection
1. Why do you need to be culturally sensitive and aware?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. How are these traits contributory to your pursuit of becoming a productive

and responsible Filipino?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
4. How will this promote positive change in society?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3 | PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION 20
UNIT 3
Communication for Information and Persuasion Purposes
21st Century Theme: Health Literacy
How healthy are you? How confident are you in saying that you sport a
healthy lifestyle?
Informing and persuading are essential communication skills that learners
should possess in the classroom and beyond. In this Information Age where
there is an overload of information, you must learn to use and deliver
information in a comprehensible and easy-to understand fashion to achieve
your purpose.
In this unit Communication for Information and Persuasion Purposes,
you are expected to perform varied tasks of varying nature, both written and
spoken, to develop your 21st century skills and competencies necessary to
succeed in your academic journey. At the same time, you will be engaged in
disseminating information for the purpose of informing and influencing
individuals on a matter that affects everyone throughout his life: health. By
way of the lessons you will have the great honor of being a health ambassador
of wellness and advocate of healthy living and lifestyle. The experience will be
both challenging and rewarding. Bring it on!
Lesson 1: Persuasion and Rhetorical Appeals
3.0Intended Learning Outcomes

a. describe the three types of rhetorical appeals;
b. examine a text with rhetorical appeals;
c. determine the rhetorical appeals that apply to diverse target audience;
and
d. create a poster applying the appropriate rhetorical appeals.
3.1Introduction
This time, you will learn one of the best ways to disseminate information —
through persuasion. Though many references clearly delineate informative from
persuasive communication, it is undeniable that persuasion is present in all forms
of communication as you always have the purpose to make your audience accept
and believe the information that you share.
The best subjects for persuasion are those that matter most to us personally
— what we strongly believe in, what arouses strong feelings in us, what we would
like to see changed, what enriches our lives. Health is one such topic. To be
persuasive, it is
imperative that you must understand the elements of rhetorical appeals.
3.2 Topic/s Discussion ( Assessment/Activities )

3.2.1 Persuasion and Its Rhetorical Appeals
How do you understand persuasion? When do you apply persuasive speech?
Before we discuss do the activity first.
Activity
Do the following:
1. Find any object that you will sell online to your classmates (e.g.,
ballpen, notebook, cellphone, etc.).
2. The challenge though is for you to sell your chosen object by
assigning a different purpose or function to it (e.g., you can sell your bag
as a pillow).
3. You will only be given 5 minutes to sell your object. Enjoy !
Lecture
According to ( Gamble & Gamble ,2012). Persuasive speaking can be
considered as a form of speaking that most people of diverse backgrounds are
engaged in and involved the most .The primary goal is to influence the thoughts
,feelings ,actions and behaviors or attitudes of your listener .Effective persuasion
demands formulating arguments along three types of appeals, also called
Rhetorical Triangle (see image below). Each point on the triangle corresponds to
one of three kinds of persuasive appeals that ancient rhetoricians named logos
(logical appeal), pathos (emotional appeal), and ethos (appeal to credibility of the
person conveying the message. (Jonna Marie Lim ,et.al. Module for Purposive
Communication). See the illustration below
Figure 2.The Rhetorical Triangle of Communication

As a communicator and an advocate, you must know how to use these
rhetorical appeals; to good use in order to convince or persuade your target
audience. How?
Persuasive Appeal Definition Questions to Ponder
LOGOS “ appeal to logic or . What evidence should
reason “ you provide to convince
Logos refers primarily to your audience that your
arguments are logical and
the internal consistency
and clarity of the reasonable.
message and to the logic .What proof should you

of its reasons and present ?
support.
PATHOS “ appeal to emotion “ .What feeling or emotion
should you evoke from
Pathos is often associated
your audience to affect
with “empathy “, that is,
their beliefs or move them
how you can vicariously
into action.?
make your audience feel
the way you feel. What part in your
message is best to inject
emotional overtones like
happiness, sadness,
anger, sorrow, frustration
,and so on?
ETHOS “appeal to credibility “
Ethos pertains to the way How can you win the
you establish trust in trust of your audience?
your audience-how you
What is your statements
portray yourself as an or arguments will help
authority and expert on convey to your audience
the subject matter and that you are
convey your reputation knowledgeable of what
for honesty and you are saying or
expertise. advocating?
Your ethos is conveyed How can you convey to
through the tone and your audience your
style of the message.
educational or
professional experience
that will validate your
expertise or capability
without giving the
impression that you are
bragging ?
Analyze the essay below and identify the types of rhetorical appeals that were
used.
First, sleep deprivation dampens the effect on brain cell activity making it difficult
to focus. When you feel sluggish after a night of not having any sleep, your brain cells
feel sluggish, too. And if your brain cells are tired this way, you end up being forgetful
and easily distracted. Professor of Neurosurgery at the University of California, Los
Angeles (UCLS), Dr. Itzhak Fried and his team published a study in the journal Nature
Medicine about this. He and his team discovered that starving the body of sleep also
robs neurons of the ability to function properly. This paves the wave for cognitive
lapses in how we perceive and react fo the world around us.
In other words, since sleep-deprived people experience fatigue, it becomes more

difficult for them to categorize things; and their brain cells slow down. Sleep
deprivation interferes with how information is encoded in the brain, specifically how
the ability of neurons translates visual input into conscious thought. "Inadequate sleep
exerts a similar influence on our brain as drinking too much," Dr. Fried said.
Second, the lack of adequate sleep can affect your mental health. Harvard Health
Publishing of Harvard Medical School published a letter entitled, "Sleep and Mental
1—l
health." The letter states that people with problems as to their mental health are more
likely\
to experience insomnia or other sleep disorders. If a sleep cycle is disrupted at any

time, this affects the levels of stress hormones and levels of neurotransmitters. In turn,
this results in wreaking havoc in the brain, which impairs thinking and emotional
regulation. Insomnia, therefore, may have psychological effects. As observed, sleep
problems are common in patients with anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, and
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
One in five people suffers what is called "obstructive sleep apnea," a breathing
disorder
that causes multiple awakenings. The Harvard Mental Health Letter says that patients
who are depressed and who continue experiencing insomnia are more likely to think
about suicide and die by suicide than depressed patients who are able to sleep
normally. When it comes to bipolar disorder, studies also suggest that sleep problems
worsen before an episode of mania. Put simply, being sleep deprived triggers mania
or bipolar depression because problems with sleep adversely affect mood and cause a
relapse.
Anxiety disorders are common with people with obsessive-compulsive disorder,

phobias, panic disorder, and PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder). These are
common in both children and adolescents. The lack of sleep worsens the symptoms of
such disorders or prevent recovery. As an example, experiencing sleep disruptions in
PTSD cause retention of negative emotional memories. On the other hand, about 25%
of children with ADHD are affected by disorders with sleep. As a result, these children
may become inattentive, hyperactive, and emotionally unstable.
If that is not enough reason, sleepless nights affect your body quite negatively. A
number of studies on sleep prove that people who have problems falling or staying
asleep have a number of health issues. Sleeping fewer than six hours a night increases
the risk of developing high blood pressure. In addition, your body's immune system
takes a hit leaving you more vulnerable to getting the flu or other infectious illnesses.
Your appetite can also go into overdrive, so you feel a lot hungrier than usual and you
end up craving high-carbohydrate and high-fat foods which lead to unwanted weight
gain. Of course, if you are skimping on sleep consistently, you look haggard. You will
most likely have premature wrinkling and sagging in your skin. This is because when
you lack good sleep, the stress hormone called cortisol is released. This hormone
breaks down collagen, which is responsible for keeping your skin smooth. An excess
of that leaves your skin dry and unhealthy. Another thing is, the lack of sleep can make
you feel colder than usual because sleep is essential to regulate your body temperature
So, if you find yourself often tossing and turning at night, expect that you will not
be at your best when you wake up. You may be as cranky as The Grinch on Christmas
day and out of sorts that way. On a more serious note, the long-term effects of sleep
deprivation are real. You have to make absolutely sure you do not miss out on getting
the recommended seven to nine hours of sleep every night. Never neglect that single
most important single piece of advice, "take a good rest." You owe it to yourself to do
so. You know you need it.
Sources:
https://www.livescience.com/60875-sleep-deprivation-sluggish-brain-
cells.html https://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/sleep-and-
mental-health https ://www.sleep.org/articles/how-losing-sleep-affects-
your-body-mind/
Permission was given to publish this material.
Answer the following questions.

1. What evidences were presented to convince the reader of the

truthfulness of the message? Are the evidences reliable? What are their
sources?
2. Does the essay come to you as convincing? Or is it flawed with

inconsistencies and contradictions or inconsistencies?
3. How was the essay written? Is it clear and easy to understand? Are
the ideas organized? Did the writer use words that are difficult to
understand?
4. How does the writer present him/herself as credible about the topic
5. What details in the essay evoked some emotions in you that tended to make
you agree with the writer?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Assessment
A.
This time you will deal with one of the emerging problems among young
adults nowadays—social media addiction. How will you convince, and actuate,
your friends, classmates and schoolmates, colleagues and workmates, as well as
relatives, to regulate their use of social media? What rhetorical appeal—logos,
pathos, ethos—will work best with each type? Accomplish the table below for this
purpose. A description of the beliefs, attitudes, and values of each type is given in
the second column.
Group Type Description Rhetorical

Appeal
Unconvinced Do not recognize that social media

( Does not believe addiction is a rising problem.
and does not act) Unconvinced for a variety of reasons.
Some lack information. Others are
informed, but they have come to
different conclusions. Still others have
misconceptions.
Unmotivated and Already convinced; they may know a lot

unfocused about the issue. However, they do not
act on their beliefs. Attitudes vary. Those
(Believes but does
who are unmotivated are inactive due to
not act)
apathy (indifference). Those who are
unfocused are convinced they should
act, but they simply do not know how.
Inconsistent People act in ways that differ from their

beliefs. They question or change their
(Does not believe
beliefs but continue to behave as if they
but will act)
were still convinced. Either reinforce or
strengthen wavering beliefs or persuade
them to modify their actions to match

their changed beliefs.
Consistent They believe that there is serious concern

about the use of social media. They act in
(Believes and acts)
ways that are consistent with their beliefs.
They generally need encouragement to
"keep going.'
B. To further strengthen your advocacy on regulating the use of social media

among your friends, classmates and schoolmates, colleagues and workmates, and
relatives, come up with creative poster presenting the details and information
about the addiction of Filipinos to social media and the negative effects of the
overuse, and wrong or unethical use, of it has on individuals, communities, and
the society.
Make sure that your poster is appealing and useful to the kind of readers you
have and, more importantly, encourage support for your advocacy.
GRADING CRITERIA FOR POSTER

Criterion Description Point Score
Content Includes important and accurate 10

information relevant to the topic. Shows
very good understanding of the advocacy.
Information is easy to understand.
Design Placement of pictures and graphics •is both 8

logical and organized. Contains at least one
graphic.
Effectiveness Creative, clear, and concise. 6
Creativity Eye catching. Great use of colors and 6

spacing. Shows the student can express
ideas through art.
Conventions of Observed rules of grammar and usage. 5

grammar and
usage
TOTAL 35
Digital Portfolio: Upload your fact sheet in your portfolio.
C.SELF-REFLECTION
Rhetorical appeals are all used in a variety of different settings, though some types
are more common in some settings than in others. Should logos, pathos, and ethos
be used in equal proportion?
Where are emotional appeals more commonly used? How about logical appeal?
What should you be wary about the use of emotional appeals?

Communication for Work Purposes 21st Century Theme:

Financial, Communication Economic, Business and
Entrepreneurial Literacy
What are your goals after college? Are you clear with the career that you
want to pursue? What skills do you think you need to achieve your
goals?
It is well-known that the most valuable skills in the workplace are

comprised of the following: effective communication skills (49%), strong
interpersonal skill' (36%) and leadership skills (13%). It is for this reason
that this unit is focused on developing the most valuable skill that you will
need later on when you start working: effective communication skills in
the workplace.
In this unit Communication for Work Purposes, you will have a
'sneak peek' into the world of work. You are expected to (1) analyze and
produce effective communication materials, and (2) present your ideas
persuasively in workplace settings in order for you to become productive
and valuable professionals in the future. You will also be exposed to the
different concepts and resource materials aimed at developing your
financial, economic, business, and entrepreneurial literacy. With such
literacy, it is hoped that you can be better guided with your career choices
later on.
UNIT 4: COMMUNICATION FOR WORLD

PURPOSES

a. identify the similarities and differences of personal and professional
communication;
b. evaluate authentic communication materials using the criteria of an
effective communication; and
c. explain the importance of effective communication in the workplace.
4.1 Introduction
“No matter what job you have in life, your success will be determined 5%
by your academic credentials, 15% by your professional experience and 80%
by your communication skills.
-
Anonymous
In today's competitive world, effective communication skills is one of the

major determinants of a successful and lasting career of a professional or
even of an entrepreneur. It is the foundation in which robust careers and
strong companies are built, In this lesson, you will be introduced to the basic
concepts of effective communication that can lead to workplace success. Are
you ready?
4.1.2 Topics /Discussion
4.2.1 Fundamentals of Effective Communication in the

Workplace
Answer the following activities.
Activity 1
Your schedule this semester is way lighter than before. You decided to look for
a part-time job and you saw the ad below in your Facebook Newsfeed.
a. Send an email to express your intent to apply for the job. But, you are
given a double challenge. In the first e-mail template, you will write an
e-mail to your friend who posted that ad, which means that your friend
is the one looking for a tutor. In the 2nd template, you will write an e-
mail to a stranger whose tutorial ad appeared in your newsfeed.
b. What will you write? Will you introduce yourself? How will you
introduce yourself to convince the employer to consider you? Is there
anything that you want to ask from them?
a. E-Mail 1: For you FB friend
c. E-Mail 2: For an Unknown Employer

d. If you have internet access, send your email to yourself and to your
teacher. Make sure to label which email is for yourself and which is for
your teacher.
Activity 2
Congratulations! You just sent your application to your first possible online
part-time tutorial job. Let us now take a closer look to what you have
written. Briefly describe the content of your e-mails using the three
elements.
Elements e-mail # 1 e-mail # 2

Purpose
(What is your reason for
composing the e-mail?)
Audience
(To whom did you
send the e-mail?)
Tone
(How do you describe your
writing style? What attitude
was conveyed in your e-
mail? Is it formal, restrained,
relaxed, etc.?)
Answer the following. ( yellow pad)

1. How similar or different are the two e-mails?
2. Are the similarities and differences necessary? Why do you say so?
3. Which among the two e-mails can be classified as personal communication
and professional communication?
4. How would you describe professional communication or the kind of
communication in a workplace?
Lecture
What is a personal conversation and a professional conversation ?
At this point, you already know the distinctive features of professional

communication. Bovee and Thill (2014) suggested five ways on how to make
communication in the Workplace as effective as possible. Now, go back to your e-
mail#2. Evaluate your writing based on the criteria of an effective communication.
Write your rating on the grid below.
3 —Absolutely, yes! 2 — Somewhat 1 — Sadlv, no.
Criteria Rating
Did my email provide practical/ useful
information to the recipient?
Did I give facts rather than vague impressions?
Did I present my information in a concise and

efficient manner?
Was I clear in stating what I expect from the
recipient or what I can do for the recipient?
Was I persuasive enough to convince the reader
that I qualify for the job?
After you are done completing the grid above your ratings discuss the reasons
for your rating and agree on what should be done to improve your e-mail #2.
You are given 20 minutes to discuss and to revise one of your groupmates'
email. Send your revised e-mail to your teacher. All of your ratings will be
averaged and it will be your final mark for this task . Make sure to improve your
emails .
Though you are still in college, you can already start building your professional
career by creating your own Linkedln account. Linkedln is a social network for
business professionals, even for students, that will allow you to build your
professional network. Now, your final task for this lesson is to create your own
LinkedIn profile.
1. Fill in all the information

2. Provide a profile picture that you believe is appropriate for a
Linkedln Profile.
3. Write a two-paragraph introduction of what you are capable of doing
and a listing of your specialties. Please remember the essential qualities
of
4. professional communication as you write your introduction
summary.
Criteria for Grading:
Completeness of the Profile 10

points
Adherence to the "Criteria" 15
points
Total 25
points
Figure 3. LinkedIn Profile
Assessment
Open an actual Linkedln account, do Activity 4 online and submit your completed
profile to my gmail account. Visit www. linkedin.com.
SELF-REFLECTION
What do you think is the importance of effective communication in the workplace?
Why do you need to learn about it at this point in your life?
How do you think it will help you in the future?

LESSON 2: COMMUNICATION FOR EMPLOYMENT

a. identify your key selling points through a Personal SWOT analysis;
b. analyze the different parts of a resume and their corresponding
functions; and
c. write a clear, informative, and organized resume customized to one's
qualifications and target position.
5.1 Introduction
In the previous lesson, you learned about the distinctive characteristics of

professional or workplace communication. This time, you will learn more
about the different communication needs and expectations when you start
looking for a job.
This lesson is divided into three sub-lessons: writing resumes, writing cover
letters and building interview skills. All three are essential in your future job search
and, of course, in building your dream careers. You will begin with one of the most
important writing tasks in your entire career—writing a resume
5.2 Topic/s Discussion ( Assessment /Activities)
5.2.1 Writing Resumes
The main goal of writing a resume is to "sell yourself' to your potential

employer by proving that you are a good match for the vacant position. A resume
though will not get you the job yet, but what it can really do is open the door for
you to get a job.
For you to effectively "sell yourself," it is important that you clearly know what
exactly you will be selling to them and for whom you are selling to. In this activity,
you will conduct a Personal SWOT analysis, originally a business tool in the 1960s,
to identify your strengths and weaknesses and the opportunities and threats that
may affect your career goals.
Be honest in completing the SWOT template. Take time to list down every
possible answer that you can think of.
Now that you have completed your personal SWOT, talk to your seatmate and
share your personal analysis and answer the questions listed below. Prepare to
share your answer to the class.
Do you share the same strengths and weaknesses? Compare your answers.
Can you match your strengths with the opportunities that you've listed? List down
the opportunities where your strengths are valuable. Write the opportunities next
to the strengths.
Can you convert your weaknesses into strengths? How?

What opportunities can you draw from the threats that you foresee?
Activity 2.
In writing resumes, it is crucial that you organize your resume around your
strengths. But, you need to remember that you only include those strengths that
are essential and relevant to the job. Below are some parts that should or should
not be included in a resume. Write (V) if this part must be included and mark (X)
if it should be removed from a resume.
PARTS OF A RESUME Answer
1 If you will give me the opportunity to teach in your

prestigious school, I promise you that I will organize remedial
programs to make sure that all students perform well in Math.
I will also be very active in training students for Math
competitions.
2 Bachelor of Science Major in Mathematics
Philippine Normal University (2013—2017)
3 Student Assistant — Office of the Academic Affairs
(add professional experience)

4 Personal Data:
Date of Birth: August 8, 2005
Place of Birth: Manila
Civil Status: Single
Height: 5'8"
Weight: 167 lbs
5 National Assembly Member
Pambansang Pederasyon ng mga Lider-Estüdyante ng

Pamantasang
Normal ng Pilipinas
President
PNU Student Government
6 0916-8766898
mondragon.gustav@yahoo.com
7 I was awarded Best in Math in Grade School and High School

where I also have also joined and won several Math competitions.
My Math teacher back in High School was my main inspiration to
become a Math teacher. At first, the decision to become a Math
teacher was not easy. My parents wanted me to become an engineer
because they believed that a better future awaits me as an engineer.
But, as much as I would want to grant my parents ' wish, I cannot
make myself leave my true calling.
8 Dancing, singing, oration, and playing volleyball
9 Research Accepted for Oral presentation in the 19th International

Conference in Mathematics (October 2016) in Dubai, United Arab
Emirates
10 Talented in singing and dancing; Plays volleyball, badminton and

bowling; Relaxes by listening to OPM songs; Loves reading
Activity 3:
Based on the previous activity, what do you think are the basic parts of a
resume? Now, check the sample resume below.
Figure 1.Sample Resume ( google.com.ph PINTEREST )

How do you find the resume? If you were the employer, was the resume helpful
enough for you to decide if Miss Custodio can be interviewed for a teaching
position job?
Using the sample resume of Miss Custodio analyze the different parts of his
resume with a partner. List down the essential parts or headings of a resume and
the items/ information that should be included in each particular resume pan (a
sample has been provided).
Resume Part/Heading Items to Include
Professional Experience • List previous and present work experience
• Include volunteer roles that might add to the
value of your resume
Activity 4
It is now your turn to write your own resume. But before you write your
resüme, you need first to find a job posting related to your college course and to
your future career. You may check out the Jobs section of your local newspaper,
check out job vacancies through your Linkedin account, visit Jobstreet.com, or you
may search job postings through your social media accounts like Facebook and
Twitter. Once you have gotten an ad, fill out the information asked in the Job Ad
below.
QUALIFICATIONS
MINIMUM QUALIFICATIONS:
Now that you already have the job posting where you will tailor your
resume, complete the resume template below. Make sure to go back to your
Personal SWOT to include in your resume the relevant strengths that you have
listed.
MY RESUME
EMPLOYMENT OBJECTIVE/ QUALIFICATIONS SUMMARY
EDUCATION
WORK AND VOLUNTEER EXPERIENCE
AWARDS AND COMMENDATIONS
REFERENCES:
Available upon request
Criteria for Grading Your Resume:
Format/ Appearance 5 points

Organization 5 points
Content/Match with the Job Posting 10 points
Grammar 5 points
TOTAL 25 points
There are available online resume builders that you can maximize. If you
have internet access, you may create your resume by creating an account in
resume.com instead of completing the Resume template above. Print and
submit the resume that you created online to your teacher.
Digital Portfolio: Upload your submitted resume in your Digital Portfolio.

Print Portfolio: Insert the completed Activity 4 in your Print Portfolio.
SELF-REFLECTION
Re-read your resume.
What are the strengths of your resume?
Is your resume persuasive enough for you to be invited for a job interview?
What can you still do to improve your resume?
W
LESSON 3 WRITING COVER LETTERS

a. .understand the purpose of a cover letter and identify its essential parts;
b. evaluate authentic cover letter samples using a rubric in order to elicit the
features of a quality and poor cover letters; and
c. prepare a customized cover letter that is matched to the job posting and to
your resume.
6.1.1 Introduction
Resumes must be— accompanied by a cover or an application letter. Its

purpose is to introduce the resume and highlight your strengths for you to possibly
earn an interview. Similar to your resume, you must make sure that your cover
letter directly responds to your potential employer's needs.
In this activity, you will focus on how you will tailor your cover letter to
respond directly •to the job posting you had in the previous lesson. Let's see •if
you can make sense of the fundamentals of a cover letter. Using the job posting
you used in the previous lesson, fill out the cover letter template below.
SAMPLE COVER LETTER
[date]
[recipient of the letter]

[recipient's position]
[company name]
[company address]
Dear _________________: What position are you

applying
I am writing in response to the position for ______________
Where did you find the
that was recently advertised on__________________ . I am job ad?
very interested in this opportunity with_____________ because
What is the company's
I believe that my education, qualifications, and professional name?
experience make me a strong candidate for this position.
Now that you already have the job posting where you will tailor your resume,
complete the resume template below. Make sure to go back to your Personal
SWOT to include in your resume the relevant strengths that you have listed.
MY RESUME
EMPLOYMENT OBJECTIVE/ QUALIFICATIONS SUMMARY
EDUCATION
WORK AND VOLUNTEER EXPERIENCE
AWARDS AND COMMENDATIONS
REFERENCES:
Available upon request
Criteria for Grading Your Resume:

Format/ Appearance 5 points

Organization 5 points
Content/Match with the Job Posting 10 points
Grammar 5 points
TOTAL 25 points
There are available online resume builders that you can maximize. If you have internet
access, you may create your resume by creating an account in resume.com instead of
completing the Resume template above. Print and submit the resume that you created
online to your teacher.
Digital Portfolio: Upload your submitted resume in your Digital Portfolio.

SELF-REFLECTION
Re-read your resume.
What are the strengths of your resume?
Is your resume persuasive enough for you to be invited for a job interview?
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
I am a(n) _______________________________ professional who What can

you still do to improve
your res
What are your personal
characteristics that
make you fit for the job
How can you add value
to the company
I have attached my resume, which includes more details about my
background and work experience, and how they ass value to this
position. As you can see,
What other details or
personal experiences
that can you share to
emphasize that you fit
their needs?
Re-state the company’s

I am confident that I would be an asset to __________________.
name
I look forward to speaking with you about how I can help your
team achieve its goals
Thank you in advance for your consideration
Sincerely, Write your complete
name and contact
________________.
details
________________.
Set aside your completed cover letter in Activity 1. You will return to it later. For the
meantime, form groups of three. Analyze the two sample cover letters that may accompany
Mr. Mondragon's resume. As a group, evaluate the cover letters using the rubric that
follows the cover letter. Be prepared to provide explanations/proofs of your rating.
COVER LETTER NO. 1

May 20, 2017
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT
St. Scholastica's College, Manila
2560 Leon Guinto St. Malate, Manila
Dear Madam/ Sir:

Good day!
Please consider my application as a high school teacher at your school. I
graduated from the National Center for Teacher Education, Philippine Normal
University (PNU) last April 2017 with a degree of Bachelor of Secondary
Education with specialization in Mathematics. I read in your official school
website that
you are looking for a full-time Basic Education teacher in Math.
My student teaching and leadership experiences afforded me the opportunity
to assume the responsibilities of a high school teacher at different levels. I have
also worked successfully as a Grade 8 teacher and MTAP trainer in Manuel
Araullo High School. Furthermore, I was actively involved in many co-
curricular activities of the College, specifically in the PNU's Student
Government where I was elected as Finance and Logistics Officer (AY and
Vice President for Internal Affairs (AY 2016—2017). In addition, I was elected
and served as the President of the said organization from February 2017 to
April 2018.
I feel confident and qualified to take on the challenges that teaching offers. I
am eager to make use of my skills, abilities and experiences as well as my
passions for teaching to enlighten, to train and to educate young minds. I am
also excited not only to apply the teaching strategies I have learned from my
Alma Mater, also to help my students reach their dreams by giving them the
knowledge that they deserve.
Attached is a copy of my resume. I look forward for an opportunity to meet
you at a time of your convenience. I may be reached at 0916-8766898 or at
mondragon.gustav@yahoo.com Thank you for your time.
Sincerely yours,
Adam Gustav Q. Mondragon
COVER LETTER NO. 2
May 20, 2017
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT

St. Scholastica's College, Manila
2560 Leon Guinto St. Malate, Manila
To Whom it May Concern,
May I know if you have a job opportunity for me as a high school Math
teacher? I am really looking for an opportunity to have reputable work like
yours. I am no so familiar
with your expectations for a Math teacher, but I can guarantee you that I am
a hardworking person as proven by my exemplary grades back in college.
Please allow me to list some highlights of my enclose &resume. I graduated

successfully last April from the most prestigious teacher training university,
PNU. Not to boast, but in college, I was engaged in so many activities that
have developed my work and leadership skills. The best proof of which are
my accomplishments as the President of the Student Government. Yes, you
heard it right. I led the Student Government of the university and have
initiated various projects for the betterment of the student body.
Teaching may be a challenging profession to many. But for me, I know that
this was my calling and I am ready for the challenges ahead.
Thank you very much for taking time to read my letter. I will definitely call
you next week, Thursday at 3:00 pm to make a follow-up regarding my
application. I can also take the time to further explain how I can contribute
to your school
Sincerely,
Adam Gustav Q. Mondragon
0916-8766898
COVER LETTER NO. 1 COVER LETTER NO. 2
CRITERIA GOOD AVERAGE POOR GOOD AVERAGE POOR

(3 pts.) (2 pts.) (1 pt.) (3 pts.) (2 pts.) (1 pt.)
Format
The letter follows the
format of a business
letter. It also contains
the key elements like
date, address of the
recipient, etc. The letter
is written in a
grammatical, clear and
concise way. It is also
free of spelling and
punctuation errors.
Introduction
The introductory
paragraph stated the
position being sought
and the reason for the
applicant's interest in
the position?
Body
The main paragraph
clearly stated the
applicant's
qualifications and his
contribution or value
that he can offer to the
employer.
Conclusion
The applicant
expressed his gratitude
to the reader for taking
time to read the letter. It
also stated the
applicant's polite
request for a follow up
action.
You may write your justification for your rating here:
JUSTIFICATION FOR THE JUSTIFICATION FOR THE

RATING KATING
COVER LETTER NO. 1 COVER LETTER NO. 2
Prepare to present your ratings and justification to the class.

Activity3
At this point, you already have a clear grasp of the features of a quality cover letter.
With your completed cover letter in Activity I and your analysis of Mr. Mondragon's letters,
complete the basic information about writing cover letters asked below. Do this with your
groupmates.
What are the basic parts of a cover letter and list down what should be included in
each part?
DO’s of Writing Cover Letter DONT’s of Writing Cover Letter
have already noticed that both your resume and cover letter were designed to address
directly the job posting. In drafting these job search documents, your main goal is to achieve
a match between and among the job description and the qualifications that you highlight
in your resume and cover letter.
Activity 5
You may experience calculating the match rate of your resume and cover letter to the
job ad. For this activity, you will need (1) the job posting that you used in the previous
activities, (2) completed cover letter in Activity 1 and (3) your resume from the past lesson.
Your task is to do a job, resume and cover letter match. Write down the information
asked from each match criteria.
Job Posting/
Match Criteria Resume Cover Letter
Description
Job Title Match
Does the job title in the job

posting match with what is
reflected in the resume &
the cover letter?
Education Match
Does the educational

requirement in the job
posting match witj the
applicant’s educational
background?
Skill and keywords
What are the “soft and

hard” skills listed in the job
description? What are the
“soft and hard” skills that
you included in the
resume? In your cover
letter?
Examine your data in the table. Determine the Match Rate of your resume and cover letter
tothe JobPosting using the criteria below.
Once you are done with your analysis, make the necessary changes to your cover letter
and resume. This time, encode your resume and cover letter on a short bond paper. It must
be presentable enough for an actual job application. Good luck!
You may visit www.jobscan.co and upload your resume, cover letter and the job description
that appeared in the job posting that you have with you. Jobscan.co; is an applicant tracking
software that helps job seekers match the keywords of their resumes and cover
letters to the keywords in a job posting.
10 pts. = 100% match was evident

8 pts. = one to three mismatches were found 5 pts. = four or
more mismatches were found
0 pt. — no match was found
Digital Portfolio: Upload your cover letter to your Digital Portfolio.

Print Portfolio: Insert you cover letter in your Print Portfolio
SELF-REFLECTION
What were the challenges or problems that you encountered when you were creating your
resume and cover letter? Share to the class how you will overcome these challenges.
LESSON 4 BUILDING INTERVIEW SKILLS

a. familiarize yourself to the different types of interview questions;
b. use the STAR approach in responding to interview questions; and

c. respond successfully to interview questions in a job mock interview.
7.1 Introduction
An interview is essentially a structured conversation where one participant asks
questions, and the other provides answers. In common parlance ,the word “
interview” refers to a one-on -one conversation between an interviewer and an
interviewee.-Wikepedia
7.2. Topic /Discussion ( Assessment /Activities)

7.2.1 Interview Skills
Activity
Congratulations! If you have reached this part, it means that your resume and cover
letter worked because you are now preparing for your job interview! But, you need to
prepare for that big day. For your first activity today, you will be part of a Job Mock
Interview.
Form a new group of three members ( in virtual form ). Assign a role for each member
and take note of responsibilities and the materials that you need to prepare prior to the mock
interview.
Name of the
Role Responsibility Things to Prepare
Student
Interviewe As the interviewer/ 1. Three interview
r employer, prepare questions
three questions that 2. Copy of the job
you will ask to the
posting that the
applicant. Make sure
applicant is
that you have a copy
3. responding to
of the job posting,
resume and cover
letter from your
classmate who will
act as the applicant.
Copy of the
applicant's resume
and cover letter
Interviewe As the interviewee, 4. Copy of your

e bring with you a resume and cover
copy of your cover letter
letter and resume.
Observer As the observer, you 5. Sheet of paper for

must listen intently to your observations.
the interview. On a
separate sheet of
paper, create a grid
where you will write
the questions that
were asked and the
response of the
applicant.
*If anyone from the
group
has a video recorder

in his or her camera,
s/he may video
record the mock
interview.
Pre-Job Mock Interview Instructions:
1. You will be given ten minutes to conduct your Job Mock Interview.
2. Refer to the table above for your specific responsibilities.
3. Take the Mock Interview seriously. With the help of your observer, you will
have to rate your interview performance in the next activity.
Post—Job Mock Interview
Prepare to share with the class your experience during the mock interview.
1. For the interviewee, do you think you did well? Do you think the interviewer will
offer you the job?
2. For the interviewer, what was your purpose in asking those specific questions?
Were you able to get the information that you needed to help you arrive at a
decision?
3. For the observer, what did you learn about employment interviews in general based
on what you have observed?
Activity 2:
As a group, go back to the notes of your observer or to your video recording. You will now
analyze the interview itself.
Part 1: Analyzing the Type of Questions Asked
1. What were the questions that the interviewer asked?
2. How will you classify these questions based on the following types of interview
questions:
o Behavioral interview questions require answers based on your specific
past incidents and experiences.
o Situational interview questions require answers to hypothetical questions
that would show how you will handle future situations in the job.
o Working interview questions require you to perform a job-related activity
during the interview (e.g., solve a specific problem).
o Stress interview questions require you answer questions that are designed
to unsettle you so the interviewer can have a glimpse on how you react in
stressful situations.
3. What types of interview questions were commonly asked? What was the easiest
to answer? What question type is most challenging to respond to?
4.
Part 2: Evaluating the Interviewee's Responses to the Questions
Your next task as a group is to evaluate your classmate's response during the
interview. Using the Interview Checklist below, rate his or her interview performance.
Make sure to carefully read each descriptor.
INTERVIEW CHECKLIST
A = Acceptable NI = Needs ImprovementNA = Does Not Apply
Did the interviewee: A NI NA
1 introduce him/herself and create a good

impression?
2 establish good eye contact and posture?
3 describe him/herself in a way that his or her

strengths were highlighted?
4 speak in a clear, understandable, enthusiastic
voice?
respond concisely, but adequately, to questions?
relate his or her work skills and abilities to the job being applied for?
answer positively to questions on work history, experience, educational

qualifications and future career plans?
seem motivated to work and ask questions relevant to the job?
end the interview by reiterating his or her strengths?
express his or her gratitude to the interviewer at the end?
politely ask about the follow-up action that he or she can take after the
interview?
Suggestions for Improvement:
How did your classmate fare? What are his or her strengths during the interview? How
about areas for improvement?
Share your answer to your group.
Activity 3
Successful job interviews rely heavily in your ability to effectively present your
success stories. One approach to telling success stories is the STAR method (Situation—
Tasks— Actions—Results). Below is an example of the use of STAR approach in
responding to an interview question.
Interview Question: How well do you work in teams?
STAR Description Sample Interview Response

Situation Describe a specific I personally enjoy working in teams,
situation that you Back in college, we had a number of tasks
were in or the task that required collaboration among us,
that you needed to students. One of which was our thesis, a
accomplish final requirement for our graduation.
Tasks What was the goal I was identified as the leader of the
that you were group. At first, everything was going
working on? according to our work schedule until one
of our groupmates started not to come to
our work meetings. She told me that she
was unavailable because she was a
working student. My other groupmates
were dissatisfied with her explanation
that they were convincing me to drop her
from the group.
Actions Describe the Instead of telling the teacher about it, I
actions that you decided to meet up with my "working
took that led to the student" classmate. I asked first the
outcome difficulties that she has in relation to our
task. I also presented to her the problems
that we have encountered and will still
encounter if she continues not to do her
assigned tasks.
Results Describe the By the end of our meet-up, we agreed on
outcome of your a common schedule that will allow her to
actions. Highlight meet us. I have also re-assigned her
your role in the certain tasks that require independent
outcome work so that she will not need take time
out of her work. I learned from that
experience the importance of dialogue to
make a team work effectively. When I
took the time to reach out to my
classmate, I think I did not only help her

but I also made our team work as a team
and eventually win the Best Thesis
award.
Now, it is your turn to try the STAR approach. Given the interview question written
below, complete the table by writing your response to the question.
Interview Question: Can you share an experience where you

showed willingness and initiative in work?
STAR Your Interview Response

Situation
Tasks
Actions
Results
Activity 4
We will now practice your interview skills. Each of you will have to prepare for an interview
with your class as the audience a.k.a panel. You will be asked three questions and you are
expected to use the STAR approach, if applicable. Below are some of the questions that may
be asked from you. Read through it to help you prepare.
Common Job Interview Questions

• Tell me about yourself.
Introduction
Questions
• Why did you choose your school? Your major?
Education and • What do you think was the most significant
Training lesson that you learned from school? Tell me the
story.
• What was the most difficult situation or problem
that you had to deal back in College? Tell me
what happened? What did you do? Was the
problem solved? How?
JOB INTERVIEW RUBRIC
Not at
Consistently Sometimes
The interviewee: All 0
3 pts. 1 -2 pts.
pt.
1 created a good impression
2 established good eye contact

and posture
3 described him/herself in a way

that his or her strengths were
highlighted
4 spoke in a clear,
understandable, enthusiastic
voice
5 responded concisely, but

adequately, to questions
6 related his or her work skills

and abilities to the job being
applied for
7 answered positively to
questions on work history,
experience, educational
qualifications and future career
plans
8 appeared motivated to work

and ask questions relevant to
the job
9 ended the interview by

reiterating his or her strengths
10 expressed his or her gratitude

to the interviewer at the end
Suggestions for Improvement:
If you have a video recorder, record your actual interview so you can review it on
your own and see your strengths and areas for improvement.
Digital Portfolio: Upload your video of the mock interview and your rubric that
reflects your teachers' and peers' suggestions on how you can
still improve.
Print Portfolio: Insert the completed rubric in your Print Portfolio.
SELF-REFLECTION
Interview is a skill that needs continuous training for it to be mastered. What do you think
can you do to gradually develop your interview skills?
UNIT 5: INTRODUCTION TO ACADEMIC WRITING
8 .0 Intended Learning Outcomes
a. analyze sample texts in terms of purpose, audience, language use and data
presentation;
b. characterize academic writing in terms of purpose, audience, language use, and data
presentation; and
c. share in oral and written form one's opinions and personal actions about "Green
initiatives."
8.1Introduction
In this lesson Communication for Academic Purposes, you will read on
environmental themes as the foci /focuses of our reading ,writing, and discussions .You
will express ideas and understanding of important environmental concepts with the
ultimate goal of making informed decisions and positive actions on environmental issues
,therefore, developing conscious and responsible eco-warriors in you.
8.2.1Topic/Discussion
8.2.2 Introduction to Academic Writing
What is your idea about ‘’ Going green “?

There is now a worldwide acknowledgment of groups and individuals to take part in;
rehabilitating the earth. Going green is a lifestyle change that aims to raise awareness of one's
surroundings and how things we do affect the environment. Nature conservation,
increasing desire for economic, social and overall well-being and a sustainable future for
humans are some of the powerful motivators to the worldwide movement of going green.
Take time to answer the following questions:
1. What is your personal idea of “ Going Green “?
2. Have you undertaken any Green Initiative recently? If yes, explain briefly.
3. If not, what is keeping you?

Activity 2 Read the carefully the following three short texts on Green Initiatives and
programs.
Text 1 :
Starbucks to ditch straws -Will It Actually Help The Environment ? ( An excerpt

)
The global coffee giant Starbucks announced Monday they will eliminate all
plastic straws and replace them with “ adult sippy cup” lids. Starbucks estimate this
change help to eliminate more than one billion plastic straws globally per year , most
of which end up in landfills ang the ocean.
While the change won’t fully take effect until 2020,you may have noticed the
sippy cup lid on a few Starbucks cold beverages, including their draft nitro coffee.
This comes on the hell of a recent plastic straw ban in Seattle ( Starbucks’
headquarters) last week.
Plastic straws, like the ones used at Starbucks, have fallen out of favor lately as
they are rarely recycled. Starbucks plastic straws are recyclable. However, given
their size and light weight they are often mechanically sorted out during the
recycling process and end up in landfills and waterways.
Starbucks has settled on an alternative to plastic straw use: the adult sippy cup
lid. The lid features a raised lip and will be fully recyclable. Some drinks will
continue to have straws , including Frappucinos, but those straws will be made with
either compostable plastic or paper.
Text 2 :
Greening the campus intentions : a study of the University of the Aegean non-
academic staff
by Chrysanthi Bellou, Vassiliki Petreniti Constantina Skanavis
This study aims to focus on the Unversity of Aegean’s non-academic staff’s

environmental sustainability attitudes and behavior both at work and at home,their
perceptions for sustainability enforcement and their active participation skills. The
research participants were the 101 non-academic staff working at the Xenia Hill
campus in Lesvos island. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire
consisting of 45 questions, which was sent via-e -mail during the summer of 2014.
The analysis of the results bring light on the environmental profile of the University’s
non-academic staff on their intentions for greening their campus and the barriers
that obstruct their attempts to promote sustainability at the University.The paper
provides useful insights which allows a better understanding of the role of non-
academic staff’s environmental sustainability attitudes and behavior both at work
and at home, their perceptions for sustainability enforcement and their active
participation skills.
Activity
Data
Purpose Audience Language Use Medium Mode Genre
Presentation
How would you classify each text? ____________________________________________
Which text would you consider as academic?
Why? ______________________________________________________________________
What do you think shapes academic writing?
Activity 3
It helps to think of academic writing as a progression of language use from informal to
formal. The illustration below shows you how to walk the line of academic writing -from
informal to a formal writing style. Read closely.
Informal ______________________________________________________Formal
1. That was so boring !
2.That seminar was so boring
3. The seminar on Interpersonal Competence was boring !
Formal
4. Participants have indicated that the seminar on Interpersonal Competence did not
meet their learnings needs, interests and expectations.
5. Taking into considerations audiences feedback ,the organizers concluded that the
seminar on Interpersonal Competence failed to meet the intended learning outcomes.
________________________________________________________________________
As the language becomes more formal, one may notice that it becomes more specific and
factual. Now, it is your turn to “ walk the line “ by supplying the appropriate sentences.
Informal
Formal
1. That was so unrealistic!
2. The documentary was unrealistic!
3.
4.
5.
Assessment
A. What is your personal Act of Green? Write a short paragraph about it, explaining
your purpose and steps to undertake your program. Before writing your paragraph,
complete the outline below.
Personal Act of Green: (Title) _________________________________________________
Specific Steps and Timeline:

1.
2.
3.
4.
Write your paragraph here.

Criteria for Grading
Clarity of Purpose and Audience 10 pts.

Quality of Writing Style 10 pts.
Organization 5 pts.
Grammar and Mechanics 5 pts.
TOTAL 30 pts.
Publish it online through https://www.earthday.org/campaigns/campaign-

forcommunities/create-your-own-act-of-green/
Digital Portfolio: Upload your Personal Act of Green in your Portfolio; if you published it
online, upload the screenshot of your online publication.
B. SELF-REFLECTION
Is "Going Green " the key to rehabilitating the earth? In what ways?
How can academic writing be used to advance environmental cause?

LESSON 5 COMMUNICATION FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES
a. analyze multimodal and print texts on travel in terms of content, narrative and
descriptive techniques;
b. consider ways to engage readers in narrative and descriptive texts; and
c. plan digital tour and creative writing output integrating narrative and descriptive
techniques.
9.1Introduction
This lesson is all about writing to describe and narrate. Narrative and descriptive
writing skills enable you to tell good stories in order to accomplish varied purposes such
entertain, to instruct or to help others in their understanding of something, to speak one’s
imagination. The ability to describe something convincingly will serve you, as a writer,
well in any kind of writing situation. The most important thing to remember is that your
job as a writer is to show, not tell. It is, therefore, important to equip yourself with the
tools for effective and impactful narrative and descriptive writing.
9.2.Topic/Discussion ( Assessment /Activities)

9.2.1 Writing to Describe and Narrate
What is meant by the word describe ? Narrate ?

Traveling nowadays has become a significant part of modern life. Millions of people
all over the world travel in their own countries and to foreign lands to discover new things
and to understand the cultures of the world we live in. How about you? Share with the class
something about a nature trip you had or wish to have? Where is it? What would you like to
do there? Who would you like to be? What have you heard or known about that place ? Write
your sharing below.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Activity 2
Travel vlogging is taking one's camera on adventures and sharing one's experiences
through personal perspective. The goal is to make audience feel as if they were in that place
of adventure (Heyimnatalia 2017).
Do you have a travel vlog about your nature trip? In this activity, you will watch a
travel vlog and a travel show/ documentary (e.g., Biyahe ni Drew, BBC, National
Geographic or Living Asia)
If you have internet access, watch somebody's travel vlog about a nature trip you just
had or wish to have?
In what ways are documentaries and vlogs similar?
In what ways are they different?
After viewing multimodal texts, you will now read a print text on travel. Read the
excerpt of a travel blog about the new favorite tourist spot in the Philippines which is
Through the Eyes of a First Timer: Batanes, the Evergreen by Ed

Santos
I'd always thought Batanes to be a typhoon-prone province with medieval stone
houses, lots of rolling hills, expansive coastlines and grazing goats. Would it pale in
comparison to the other picturesque and fascinating places I've visited outside the
Philippines?
With my camera, tripod, and my spirit of adventure, my ife and I joined friends in
a trip to the Philippines' last frontiers. Three days on the island and a thousand pictures
later, I was fascinated.
The quaint Fundacion Pacita Batanes Nature Lodge, where we stayed, was
charming, with its little nooks and crannies, peppered with artwork. Staying in a nice
place has its rewards especially when returning from a grueling day trip trekking the
terrain of the magnificent landscape of Batanes.
Still in the Philippines
Our local tour guide, Jhun Gasilao, suggested we start with the Northem pan of the
Island.
Along the way we saw the Idiang (stone fortress), and the iconic Basco lighthouse
sitting atop the Naidi Hills from a distance. We could have been somewhere in the Irish
countryside, but I was in Batanes. I was in the Philippines.
Batanes.
Rows of Palo Maria trees jotted the roadway. The sap is said to relieve sore eyes, while
the wood from the trees is used to build fishing boats.
We visited Tukon Chapel, a commonly photographed walled chapel. beforé heading
to the Valugan Boulder Beach. The name is quite appropriate, as the beach seems to be
laden with more boulders than sand. Valugan means "Eastern side" in the local dialect.
The oldest church in Batanes was next on our itinerary. With its renovated facade, the
Sto. Domingo Cathedral does not look old at all. The church was severely damaged by a
quake, not by typhoons, which often plague the area during the rainy season.
. Our last stop for the day was a sunset viewing atop the magnificent Vayang Rolling
Hills. The narrow pathway going up to the top can be a bit treacherous, so be careful. On
our way to see the sights, we passed through Mahatao, one of the 6 municipalities, and
caught glimpses of the Basco Marine Sanctuary and an old Spanish bridge that still
remains standing. We got to see the Blue lagoon and Ivana, the center of pottery work in
Batanes.
The famous Honesty Coffee Shop, a self-service, honor system type of convenience
store was our next stop. No one tends to the store except perhaps when replenishing the
stocks. Customers pay and leave money for the goods they get. What a quaint concept, I
thought. being used to having my guard up when dealing with strangers.
One can rent vakul, protective head gear, and kanayi, a vest worn to protect from the
elements. These are made from dried and shredded palms. I tried on both the kanayi and
vakul and had a photo taken by my tour guide for posterity...
Excerpt from Santos. E. (24. February 2014). Through the Eyes ofa First Timer: Batanes, the
Evergreen. Retrieved from https:, www.rappler.com life-and-style/travel/ph-travel 51395-visiting-
batanes-first-time-travel
You can also check out other travel blogs about Batanes.
1. https://www.thetummytraveler.ph/2016/01/22/ sabtang-
batanes/?relatedposts_hit= I &relatedposts
origin=9707&relatedposts_position=0
2. https://www.philstar.com/lifestyle/travel-andtourism/2014/02/ 17/
1291464/batanes-brief-glimpse-grace
In what ways is the printed text similar to the multimodal texts on travel?
In what ways is it different?

Traveling also brings essential memories of the past that have shaped our identities.
The personal reflective essay presents one's insights on a particular aspect of life as one
observed and experienced it. Similar to a travel essay, it may employ descriptive and
narrative modes of paragraph development. Read the example below and prepare to
complete Activity 3.
From a real farm to 'FarmVille'

by Alecxis Caringal, October 07, 2018
In my hometown of San Juan, Batangas. I used to wake up to the sound and smell
of my 1010 and Iola's menagerie of animals—grunting pigs, clucking chickens. barking
dogs, bleating goats, mooing cows and carabao. The back of my 1010 and Iola's house
had a small farm. I used to help them feed the chickens, pigs, dogs and goats, and to
clean the surroundings; it became my morning routine, which I grew to love.
From a young age, my grandparents taught me to be friendly and kind not just to
humans, but also to animals. The small farm was a magical place for me, a paradise
where I had fun and learned many things. I learned how to love animals, to respect and
take care of them.
Every morning, I looked forward to spending time not only with the animals, but
also with my 1010 and Iola. I loved how the rays of the sun kissed my skin every morning
when I fed the chickens. I loved the sound the pigs made when I sauntered past their
cages. I liked how the dogs wagged their tails at me. I got fascinated by the sight of the
cow and the carabao drinking water, and the bleating of the goats as they devoured their
food.
And I loved being in the company of my 1010 and Iola. Even if my parents were not
around, I grew up to be a cheerful and loving person because of them. Taking care of the
animals in my grandparents' small farm helped me cope with the sadness of my parents'
absence. It helped alleviate the pain in my heart, which longed for my mother and father.
Five years ago, we moved to the city, and I had a culture shock. I had to leave my
grandparents to move to Bacolod City, which was now more urban, with new buildings
and lands that had been turned into residential communities. There was no place any more
for raising animals. Adding to my devastation, I missed my 1010 and lolå terribly.
In high school, I discovered a computer game where one had to raise animals and
grow a farm. It was called "FarmVille." For a long time, I kept playing it, because I would
pretend I was back in my 1010 and Iola's farm. I arranged my virtual farm to make it look
like the
real one in Batangas. Even if I was miles away from that place, I pretended I was feeding
the same chickens, goats, dogs and pigs.
It might sound ridiculous for a 17-year-old girl to play a computer game about
farming. Other people would say computer games are a waste of time in general (I myself
had to give them up to focus on school and other responsibilities). However, this game
proved meaningful to me, because I was reminded of an important part of my childhood:
the lessons I learned from raising animals, and the 1010 and Iola who raised me.
Source: Caringal, A. (7 October 2018). From a realfarm to Farm Ville '. Retrieved from
https://opinion.inquirer. net 1 16581, real-farm-farmvilleFixzz5ghTaPelU
Assessment
A. Note how the authors introduced the topic and engaged the readers/viewers
all throughout the essay/story in Activity 2. Now, you need to write your
observations based on your analysis of the multimodal texts provided to you
earlier. Complete the matrix shown below.
Medium Style/Technique
Used Beginning Development Ending
Text 1:
Travel
documentary
Text 2:
Travel Vlog
Title:
Author:
Text 3:
Travel Vlog
Title:
Author:
Text 4:
Travel Vlog
Title:
Author:
Prepare to share your matrix and send to my google account.

An engaging opening is a sure sign of a skilled writer. It makes readers want to read
the whole story. You may have noted the following techniques in your analysis of the four
texts above. Choose one to focus on and assess whether the technique is effective or not.
Remarks
Not
Technique Effective (What technique could have worked
Effective
more effectively)
Introduce the topic
Set the scene
Create the mood with

description
Speaker’s thoughts and

feelings
Dramatic moments
Dramatic dialogue
Conflict-Climax
Resolution
B. You are a member of a vlogging community and you wish to promote your
own province city. Plan your travel vlog/blog. Use any of the techniques
indicated above. Write your travel blog below.
Instead of writing a travel blog, you may do a travel vlog or a digital tour instead promoting
your place.
RUBRIC FOR THE TRAVEL BLOG/VLOG/ DIGITAL TOUR

PROFICIENT
EXPERT (4) EMERGENT (2) NOYICE (1)
(3)
Content Demonstrates Demonstrates Demonstrates Demonstrates
clear and understanding understanding limited
thorough of various of some aspects understanding of
understanding aspects of the of the topic. some aspects of
of significant topic. Provides Provides the topic. Pro\
aspects of the relevant and information but ides information
topic. Provides comprehensive it is not but much of the
effective. information comprehensive. information is
compelling, about the topic. Some of the not relevant or
and/or information is accurate.
interesting not relevant or
information accurate.
about the topic.
Organization Is coherently Is generally Gives evidence Lacks clear

and/or coherent and of structure', but evidence of
creatively clear in structure is not planned
structured structure. aÅ ays be structure.
from beginning Themes or consistent or Transitions are
to end. Themes topics are well logical. abrupt, illogical.
or topics are defined and Transitions are or nonexistent.
clearly defined connected, abrupt or
and connected, with clear arbitrary.
with transitions.
thoughtful.
logical
transitions.
Language Language The language Language used Language used in
used in the used in the in the the presentation
presentation presentation presentation is is not appropriate
is follows the mundane or to the audience
memorable academic commonplace (too simple or
and conventions but complex,
compelling while being appropriate to informal vs
to the appropriate to the audience formal. etc).
audience the audience.
The language
used in the
presentation
follows the
academic
conventions
while being
appropriate to
the audience.
Creativity Effectively and Conveys topics Conveys topics Conveys topics
engagingly both visually both visually and either visually or
conveys topics and orally. orally. Allows for orally. Allows for
both visually Allows for minimal little or no
and orally. audience audience audience
Allows for engagement. Is engagement. engagement.
audience generally Lacks polish in Lacks polish in
engagement. polished in presentation (at presentation
Is polished in presentation times inaudible throughout
presentation (audible, well poorly, visually (inaudible,
throughout paced, visually undistinguished. poorly paced
(audible, well- appealing, etc.) etc.) visuality
paced. undistinguished.
visually etc.)
appealing,
etc.)
TOTAL
Digital Portfolio: Upload your Digital tour in your Portfolio.
Print Portfolio: From magazines and newspapers, cut out pictures that could best show our
own city. The photos will accompany your travel blog plan. Place your completed work in
your Print Portfolio.
SELF-REFLECTION
What personal benefits do you gain from traveling?
If you are not a fan of traveling, in what ways do you show deep appreciation for nature?
What activities do you do?
LESSON 2
WRITING TO INFORM AND DEFINE

a examine personal eco-friendly practices;
b. analyze eco-friendly texts in terms of content and structure;
c. consider ways in writing engaging informative texts, and
d. write a 500-word informative essay on discipline-based issues.`
10.1 Introduction
Informative essays come in various forms. They can define an abstract or commonly
disputed term, compare and contrast perspectives, analyze data or provide steps in
performing a complex task. The definition essay is the common of the informative essay
types. It aims to explain the meaning of a term or idea and support the definition with clear
examples or facts. Definition can be done by explaining a term's attributes, functions, or
structure. It can also be done by specifying what it does not mean, or by comparing it with
other members of class of words and emphasizing their differences.
10.2. Topic / Discussion( Activities / Assessment )
10.2.1 Writing to Inform and Define

Are you eco-friendly? The human activities on earth have a huge effect on the
environment. Companies and countries are starting to see the effects of human activity and
ask people and processes to be eco-friendly. Do you think you are eco-friendly or are you
contributing to the further destruction of the environment? Let us see how many of these
eco-friendly products do you have/patronize. Encircle all the items you have.
1. clothes made from recycled fabric

2. reusable bags
3. stainless steel straw
4. reusable coffee cubs
5. wool footwear
6. bamboo water tumbler/bottle
7. drink bottle lids/jackets

8. toilet tissue made of recycled paper
9. reusable sandwich wraps

10. recycled paper
11. eco laptop
12. eco computer accessories
13. LED bulbs
14. solar powered products
15. wooden jewelries/accessories
How do you feel about the number of eco-friendly items that you have?
What other eco-friendly practices do you do?
Activity 2
What is green consumerism? Let us read the following blogs online and c6me up with
a definition of green consumerism.
Text 1: The Conscious Consumer

As conscious consumerism gains traction and media coverage of global environmental issues
expands, purchasing habits are shifting and corporate sustainability is taking center stage. In
recent years, more and more customers are seeking out eco-friendly products, with
increasing interest in cruelty-free and vegan items. A recent survey shows that one in three
consumers prefers eco-friendly options when purchasing products. In fact, 35% of people are
even willing to spend more money on such products, and 56% are "slightly likely" to consider
paying the price.
Companies "Going Green"
In light of customers• shifting preferences, companies worldwide are making an effort
to incorporate sustainable practices into their business models. For example, McDonald's,
along with many other corporations, are trialing the use of paper straws, while other
companies have eliminated them altogether. H&M and ASOS have recently introduced
sustainable sourcing programs, and U.K. supermarket chain Iceland has stopped using palm
oil in branded products. These developments point to a promising future for the growth of
eco-friendly products. As consumer preferences and purchasing habits continue to evolve,
companies must consider this new landscape and adjust according, or else risk being left
behind.
How Eco-Friendly Packaging Can Benefit Your Business
Offering sustainable, eco-friendly products can not only enhance customer loyalty, but
also improve your market share while building up a positive brand image. Other key
benefits include: easy disposal, biodegradability, reduced carbon footprint, improved brand
image and enhanced customer loyalty, easy recyclability and reusability, cost savings, lower
shipping prices and versatility and flexibility.
How Eco-Friendly Products Can Benefit Consumers
Offering eco-friendly products can be a great boon to business, but how can they
positively affect the consumer? For one, natural products offer better assurance of safety.
Such items contain no harmful chemicals; rather than using materials such as plastics
containing BPA, which is known to have the potential to cause a number of health issues,
natural products often make use of recyclable packaging and eco-friendly, sustainable
materials.
Some of the chemicals included in many products have even been shown to cause
premature puberty in children, as well as diabetes, stunted growth, and autoimmune
disorders.
How to Tell if a Product is Eco-Friendly

Even for the most well-versed consumer, navigating the various eco-friendly and
recyclable options can be confusing, as product labeling is often misleading. Look for the
following things when shopping for these of items:
• Green Seal — shows that a cleaning product is safe for the environment
• Energy Star — signifies that an electrical product is energy-saving
• Mobius Loop — indicates that a product can be recycled
Text 2: Excerpt from "Green Practices and Sustainability '

Sustainable architecture and urban development have an important role to play in
mitigating the impact of climate change, helping support the growth of cities and the
ambitions of their people. From homes and workplaces to shopping and entertainment
venues, sustainability in the building and construction industry must be viewed
holistically considering the impact on the environment, contribution to public health and
wellness, as well as cost-centric measures like energy and water efficiency.
Awareness of sustainability and climate change is slowly but surely increasing in the
Philippines. For example, the government has sustainability plans with specific
commitments toward reducing carbon emissions in place. New developments, such as
Latitude Corporate Centre in Cebu Business Park, include a range of eco-friendly features;
the structure itself is registered with the Building for Ecologically Responsive Design
Excellence (or Berde), a green building rating system.
However, despite improvements, there is an inertia and lack of action around
sustainability. Contributing factors include a lack of understanding of the economics of
green buildings, and little incentive to encourage and enforce green practices.
The general perception is that green buildings and energy efficiency projects are more
expensive—a myth that is a key factor causing green projects to stall. While it is true that
the upfront costs for green projects tend to be higher—a bitter pill for some to swallow—
the longer term savings and environmental impact more than make up for the initial outlay.
In one example, switching to energy-saving LED bulbs helped the Shangri-La Hotel in
Singapore reduce its costs by S12,000 per year. The property also replaced the air-cooled
chillers in its service apartments with more energy-efficient water-cooled chillers, saving
them a whopping S250,000 a year.
Simple changes can have a long-term impact, and governments, business owners,
architects, developers, and consumers all have a role to play in taking the green bull by
the horns and adopting best practices.
Developers and builders play a huge role in driving change, beginning with the
adoption of green building standards in their projects. Aside from using cost-saving green
materials, efficient fixtures and sustainable design, initiatives such as installing recycling
bins and starting carbon offset programs are effective steps that builders can take.
For industry practitioners in the Philippines who want to build more awareness and
inspire change, keeping abreast with the latest green and energy-efficient building
innovations will help to steer efforts in championing sustainable developments within the
building industry.
Source: Siang, T. (2 September 2017). Green practices and sustainability. Retrieved from
https://opinion.inquirer.
net/ 106802/green-practices-sustainability
After reading the texts, complete the table below with your key words and insights.
Then, come up with your definition of green consumerism.
Text 1 Text 2
SYNTHESIS
If you want to read more about green consumerism, you may visit the following websites:
https://www.thegoodtrade.com/features/eco-friendly-homes;
https: //www.researchgate.net/publication/295646943_Vertical_Gardening_A_New
Concept_of_Modern_Era.
Activity 3
A well-written informative essay should manifest the features listed below. Examine
one of the articles above and tell whether the following features are evident or not-evident.
Check the corresponding column on the table below.
Remarks
Not (What could
Evident
An informative essay Evident have worked
4-5 pts
0-3 pts more
effectively?)
1. Provides information on
topics that are not known
to a vast majority of
readers
2. Provides concrete and
purpose information
3. Has a clear and
focused topic
4. Presents
information in a
straightforward but
engaging way
5. Uses facts
about real people and
events, evidences to
support information
6. Defines key terms and
concepts
7. Uses
appropriate rhetorical
pattern: define,
exemplify, cause effect
The next thing you will examine is the technique employed by the author in defining key
concepts. Encircle all techniques that are evidently used in the texts above.
Techniques in Defining Terms
Etymology (explaining origin of the word itself)
History (if relevant, discussing the history of the term/its use/controversies
associated with it)
Cause and Effect (discussing how the situation came about and what effects it
may have)
Description (listing and defining the component parts)
Principles of Operation (discussing how topic in question functions, including any

special materials or conditions required)
Classification (showing hew the topic fits into a larger category)
Contrast/Negation (showing how the topic differs from others in the same class)
Comparison (showing how the topic is similar to others in the class)
Analogy (explaining by comparing two dissimilar topics, where the second is familiar
to the audience)
Examples (using examples, instances, illustrations)
Assessment
Write a 500-word definition or informative essay on a specific issue/topic related to

your discipline. You may use a maximum of five (5) references to support or elaborate parts
of your paper. Plan your writing first by following the preliminary steps below.
Preliminaries
1.What term, concept, or idea are you defining?

2.Who is the intended audience for the writing?
3.What purpose does the intended definition have?
4. What term, class, and characteristics does it have
1.Term (word)
________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2.Class (the group or category of similar terms to which it belongs)

______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
3. Characteristics (the essential qualities that set the term apart)
5. Are there patterns or common ideas to help you complete the definition?
6. CRITERIA FOR GRADING
The Rubric in Activity 3 will be used in grading your essay.

Digital Portfolio: Upload your definition in your Digital Portfolio.
SELF-REFLECTION
Are the eco-friendly products and practices sustainable? Explain your answer.
What can be done to truly make long-term positive impact?

LESSON 3: AVOIDING PLAGIARISM

11.1Learning Outcomes
a. distinguish the different types of plagiarism;
b. classify whether sample sentences exhibit plagiarism or not;
c. examine basic rules to avoid plagiarism; and
d. observe varied ways to incorporate quotes properly in text.
11.1Introduction
This lesson deals on avoiding plagiarism which academic integrity is of outmost
importance if you want to make a significant contribution in research and
scholarship . This constitutes careful examination and use of credible sources of
information and data. In this post -truth era where misinformation and
disinformation you need critical eyes and mind to examine information and data
presented to you.
11.1.2Topic /Discussion ( Activities/ Assessment )

11.2.1 Avoiding Plagiarism
What is meant by plagiarism? Plagiarism is an act of fraud. It involves both stealing
someone else’s work and lying about it afterward( Merriam-W online dictionary ).
Activity 1
Decide where you would draw the line in the list between what is and what is
not plagiarism.
PLAGIARISM
1. copying a paragraph word-for-word from a source without any
acknowledgement
2. copying a paragraph and making small changes—e.g., replacing

a few verbs, replacing an adjective with a similar word; the
source is included in the list of references
3. cutting and pasting a paragraph by using sentences of the

original but omitting one or two and putting one or two in a
different order; no use of quotation marks; including an
acknowledgement in the text and the source is included in the
reference list
4. Composing a paragraph by taking short phrases of 10 to 15

words from a number of sources and putting them together,
adding words of your own to make a coherent whole; all sources
are included in the reference list.
PLAGIARISM
5. paraphrasing a paragraph with substantial changes in

language and organization; the new version also has changes
in the amount of detail used and the examples cited; an
acknowledgement is included in the text and the source is
listed in the reference list.
6. Quoting a paragraph by placing it in block format, using
quotation marks, with the source cited in the text and the list of
references.
What is plagiarism for you? When do you say that a work is plagiarized or not?
Activity
Below are three cases of plagiarism. Label them properly.
A. Direct
B. Mosaic Plagiarism
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3

word-for-word reusing a mix of word, occurs when a student
borrowing from an phrases, and ideas submits his or her own
unacknowledged source from a source without previous work, or mixes
indicating which parts of previous works,
words and ideas have without permission from
been borrowed all professors involved.
C. Self-Plagiarism
There are actually helpful ways to avoid plagiarism. It takes diligence and patience to
observe these rules.
1. Identify all words and phrases The sociologist James Makespace (1997) found
taken from sources by enclosing that 22.3% of respondents had been-victims of
them within quotation marks. premarital violence. (Citation with author
named in the text)
2. Follow all quotations,
paraphrases, and summaries of A major argument against internet taxes holds
outside sources with that the issue is too complex to be resolved
appropriate and complete (Grandfield 2002, p. 57)
citations.
Makepeace, J.M. (1989). Courtship violence
3. Use your own words and among college students. Family Relqtions,
sentence structure when you 28m 97-103. (Reference for a journal article).
paraphrase.
Wilkins, J.M. (1599). The myths ofthe only
4. Be certain that all summaries child. Psychologv Update I l, (l), 16-23.
and paraphrases of your sources Retrieved March 20, 2007, from ProQuest
are accurate and objective. database. (Reference for a journal article
retrieved from an electronic database).
5. Include all of the sources cited in
your paper in the References Elston, C. (n.d.) Multiple intelligences.
page that follows the body of Retrieved June 6, 2007, from
your paper. http://education. com;techspace
intelligences logical.jsp (Reference for an
6. Provide documentation for all online document
visual images, charts, and
graphs from printed or
electronic sources.
After reading through the types of plagiarism and the different way of avoiding them,
discuss the following:
1. How has your understanding of plagiarism changed after knowing the types of
plagiarism and ways on how to avoid them?
2. Among the types of plagiarism, what do you think you are prone to commit? Can you
remember a time that perhaps you may have plagiarized?
3. In the list of ways of avoiding plagiarism, which do you think is most helpful to you?
Why?
Activity
When tempted to copy entirely a well-written or thought out work, here are useful steps
to carry out to save oneself from the lure (hint) of plagiarism.
1.Introduce the quotation with a complete sentence and a colon.

Example:
In “ Where I Lived, and What I Lived For, “ Thoreau states directly his propose for going
into the woods:
“ I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of
life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover
that I had not lived” ( p.23).
2.Use an introductory or explanatory phrase, but not a complete sentence, separated from
the quotation with a comma.
Example:
Thoreau suggests the consequences of making ourselves slaves to progress when he says, “
We do not ride on the railroad; it rides upon us.” ( p.23).
3.Make the quotation a part of your own sentence without any punctuation between your
own words and the words you are quoting.
Example:
Thoreau suggests the consequences of making ourselves slaves to progress when he says that
progress, like a railroad rides upon us.
4.Use short quotations-only a few words-as part of your own sentence..
Example:
In “ Where I Lived, and What I Lived For,” Thoreau states that his retreat to the woods
around Walden Pond was motivated by his desire “ to live deliberately “ and to face only “
the essential facts of life.”
Activity
With your research report, choose your most useful sources of information.
Write your summary here. Make sure to cite your source using APA style.
Source:
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Assessment
Using a meaningful quote from your chosen source, observe four different ways to integrate
in text. Paste or copy the quote. Write your summary/restatement on the corresponding row
below.
TEXT Incorporating Quotes Properly

Assignment
1.Upload the completed activity 4 in your Digital Portfolio.
2. Write a reflection for this lesson. Do not forget to upload your reflection in google
classroom.
References
Barrot ,Jessie S.& Sipacio, Phillippe John F.( 2018) . Purposive Communication in the
21st Century .178-179.
Cocceta, F. (2018) Developing university students' multimodal communicative

competence: Field research into multimodal text studies in English, System, 77.
Lim, Jonna Marie ,et.al.( 2019). A Course Module for Purposive Communication.57-64.
Cultural Differences in Nonverbal Communication. Retrieved from

https://online.pointpark.edu/business/cultural-differences-in-nonverbal-
communication
Sample investment letter.( 2019 January 28). Retrieved from hhtp://www.letters.org/

proposal letter/investment -proposal-letter.html# Sample-Letter
-
Photo/lmage Attributions
Cultural Differences in Nonverbal Communication. Retrieved from
https://online.pointpark.edu/business/cultural-differences-in-nonverbal-
Photo/lmage Attributions:
https://adobochronicles.com/2015/06/08/china-lays-claim-over-manilas-
chinatown/,p28http://time.com/longform/ending-war-yemen-tawakkol-
karmam, p 30 https://pxhere.com/en/
Acknowledgment
The images ,tables ,figures and information contained in this module were taken from
the references cited above.
Disclaimer
This module is not for commercial ,and this is only for educational purposes .Some
technical terminologies and phrases were not changed , but the author of this module
ensures that all in –text citations are in the reference section. Even photos and figures are
within text citations as respect to the intellectual property of the original owners/authors.
SAMAR STATE UNIVERSITY

ARTECHE BOULEVARD, CATBALOGAN
CITY 6500 SAMAR
www.ssu.edu.ph
email: info@ssu.edu.ph
telefax: (055) 543-8394

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| PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION i

BACHELOR OF ELEMENTARY EDUCATION

JULITA P. DELA CRUZ

SSU Paranas Campus

JULITA P. DELA CRUZ

UNIT 1 COMMUNICATION IN THE GLOBAL WORLD

Lesson 1: Communication Process, Principles, and Ethics ---------------------------------------- 1

UNIT 2 COMMUNICATION IN TRHE DIGITAL AGE

Lesson 1: Communication Aids and Strategies Using Tools of Technology--------------------------15

UNIT 3 COMMUNICATION FOR INFORMATION AND PERSUASION

Lesson 1: Persuasion and Its Rhetorical Appeals-------------------------------------------------------------22

UNIT4 COMMUNICATION FOR WORK PURPOSES

Lesson 1: Fundamentals of Effective Communication in the Workplace-------------------------------33

Lesson 2: Communication for Employment: Writing Resumes-------------------------------------------41

Lesson 3: Writing Cover Letters-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - 52

Lesson 4: Building Interview Skills ------------------------------------------------------------------------------65

UNIT 5 COMMUNICATION FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES

Lesson 1: Writing to Describe and Narrate--------------------------------------------------------------------81

Lesson 2: Writing to Inform and Define-----------------------------------------------------------------------92

Lesson 3: Avoiding Plagiarism----------------------------------------------------------------------------------100

Purposive Communication is about writing, speaking and presenting to different

UNIT 1: COMMUNICATION IN THE GLOBAL WORLD

a. Describe the nature and elements of verbal and non-verbal

Answer the following activities :

Pair up and discuss answers to the following questions:

2. What could have worked better in their communication?

Reflect on the following questions.

B. James W. Neuliep (2006) lists eight properties of communication. Discuss

Eight Properties and Definitions of Communication

What other people say

What is communication for you? Why communication is important to us ? To the

Study the picture below :

1. How similar is modern communication with traditional face to face

The Ultra The Seasonal User The Viral Celebrity

2. How similar is modern communication with traditional face to face

4. How different is modern communication from what it used to be?

6. How similar is modern communication with traditional face to face

or who occupy a higher social or professional position such as your

1.2.3 Communication Process

• Source- the speaker or sender of a message

Communication can be a one -way or two-way process. Communication as a one-

Figure 1. Shannon-Weaver Model of Communication

On the other hand, communication as a two-way process is exemplified by a

Figure 2. Transactional Model of Communication

1.2.4 Communication Ethics

• Uphold integrity. Be truthful with your opinion and be accurate with

• Respect diversity of perspective and privacy. Show compassion and

• Be clear with your purpose. As a sender, you must have a specific

UNIT 2 –COMMUNICATION IN THE DIGITAL AGE

2.0 Intended Learning Outcomes

2.2.1 Topic/Discussion( Assessment / Activities)

Your generation has always been labelled as the "digital natives"—

Online Communication Sample Site/ Benefits Disadvantage

High-context cultures are highly dependent on nonverbal communication

What do you think is the importance of understanding high- and low-context

2. What did you learn from your interaction?

Describe the social issue discussed in the viral post. (2 points)

What accounts for the differences and similarities? (10 points)

1. Why do you need to be culturally sensitive and aware?