National Service Training Program

Drug Education
by: Mary Ann S. Umayao
Salud Isabel P. Petalcorin
Jilliene Samantha C. Napil

Team Leader and Content Editor

AVP Sitti Rogaiya L. Apadan

University of Mindanao
Mc. Arthur Highway, Matina, Davao City
October 27, 2020

https://www.simcoemuskokahealth.org/Topics/Drugs
 Table of Contents

Module 2: Drug Education

Module Overview……………………………………………………………… 4
Lesson 1: Nature of Drugs and Drug Abuse…………………………..………. 5
Lesson 2: Role of Youth on Drug Detection Prevention ……………………... 22

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 Module 2
https://www.simcoemuskokahealth.org/Top
ics/Drugs Drug Education
“The drug addict loses the sense of dignity, responsibility, self-esteem,
and self-respect, and he forgets how to live like a human being."
– Dr. T.P. Chia.

In this Module:

1. Nature of Drugs and Drug Abuse

 What is a Drugs
 What is Drugs or Substance Abuse
 Drug Addiction (Substance Use Disorder)
 Is Drug Abuse and Drug Addiction the Same
 The Illegal Drugs Menace:
 Why do People turn to Drugs?
 What are the Categories of Drugs?
 Basic Facts about Commonly Abused Substances
 Most Common Signs of Drug Use and Addiction
 How do People take Illegal Drugs?
 Ill Effects of Drugs
 Global Drug Situation
 The Bare Facts
 Philippine Drug Situation
 Drug Courier
 Factors Contributing to the Drug Courier Problem
 Anti-Drugs Campaigns and Advocacies of the Government
 Republic Act No. 9165
2. Role of the youth on drug detection and prevention.
 Engaging the Youth in Drug Prevention
 Value of the Youth in Participating the Drug Prevention
 T.E.N. (10) WAYS TO SAY "NO" TO DRUGS

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Overview

Drug use has always been a notable part of our culture; going back to the time of
native tribal rituals. While it brings innumerable cure to human ailments, drugs on the
contrary brings harmful effects when it is over used or erroneously taken. Discourse whether
to legalized other restricted drugs for prescription purposes or whether they should be held
illegal is being studied by medical practitioners and law makers even up to now. While the
intention is good, people remains uncertain knowing the ill effects it brings to human and
society as a whole.
Drugs can control the brain. The power it has to influence not only the present but
also the future generations is more disturbing. This brings drug education program for the
youth with great importance knowing that they are considered the most vulnerable group
because of the nature they have for curiosity, experimentation, and exploration. Drug
education seeks to create awareness about the many facets of drug abuse so that they may
come up with inform decision on how they will remain a drug-free individual.

After this module, students shall be able to:

 Describe the nature and the ill effects of illegal drugs;

 Present the health, legal and social consequences of substance abuse;
 Elaborate the different programs of implemented by the government in addressing the
issue; and
 Make a personal commitment to remain drug-free.

If you are ready to know more about drug education,

then let us get started!

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 Nature of Drugs and
Drug Abuse
Lesson 1

Objectives:
 Explore the nature of drugs and its effects to human and society;
 Explain the effects and consequences of drugs when abused; and
 Cite the importance of being aware of the pertinent law and programs
about drug abuse.

Introduction
This lesson will particularly show us how drugs work and its ill effects to human and
society. We will get to discover how drugs operate in the country and the global community
and get to realize how it has penetrated to the entirety of the socio-political system. Policies
and programs are also included showing how the government is taking stance to combat this
perineal problem that continuously takes a toll on the lives and morals of the people.

List down the ill effects of drugs on human lives.

Activity

You will
listen to the
song "Bawal
na Gamot"
by Willy
Garte. As you
listen to the
music,
internalize
the song's
message, and
after that, you
are to
accomplish
the task. Activity adapted from Labuguen, F.C., Vidal, J. E., Ramos, A.I., Moralde, R.P., Placer, R.B. & Rendorio, E.V. (2012)
Understanding the National Service Training Program: A Modular Worktext for N.S.T.P. 1. Mutya Publishing House,
Inc. Malabon City.

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 Once the activity has finished, the teacher gathers the
students and discusses the following points with them:
Analysis

a. What does the song imply about drugs?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
b. Why do you think people chooses to use illegal drugs?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

c. What do you think are the consequences of using illegal drugs?

Physiological - _________________________________________________
Legal - _________________________________________________
Moral/ Spiritual - _________________________________________________
Economic/ financial - _______________________________________________
Social - _________________________________________________
Political - _________________________________________________

Abstraction
An individual under the influence of drugs is generally viewed as an
emotionally unstable individual. They usually have little to no self-
control. They hate physical, mental, or moral suffering, which explains
the need for them to escape. They rely on drugs for the time being,
which should be changed and never tolerated. Drugs don’t simply have an effect on their
physiological condition, it can also affect their mental health, finances, their relationship and
social life – having them charged with criminal offenses.

What is a Drug?

Drugs are substances that affect the way our body and our mind function. They can
change how a person feels, think, and behave. Why people take drugs depends on a variety of
reasons, and they take it in different ways.

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What is Drugs or Substance Abuse?

Substance abuse according

to World Health Organization
(WHO) refers to “the harmful or
hazardous use of psychoactive
substances, including alcohol and
illicit drugs”. The use of
psychoactive substance can result
in dependence syndrome – “a
cluster of behavioral, cognitive
and physiological phenomena that https://apibhs.com/2017/02/15/stats-and-figures-drug-addiction-in-america
develop after repeated substance use”. It is characterized by a strong desire of a person to
take drugs, problems in controlling like cravings for its use, persistence in its use regardless
of dangerous consequences, primacy given to drugs than other worthy activities, increased
tolerance having increased dosage to drug use and physical withdrawal state (WHO, 2020).

Another definition of drug abuse is that it is consumption of certain chemicals to

produce pleasurable effects on the brain. (Mandal, A. 2019) Mandal’s study further notes
there are over 190 million drug abusers worldwide, and this “problem has risen at alarming
rates, especially among youth.” Apart from the possible negative side effects of the excessive
use of drugs, a drug abuser can also become vulnerable to many kinds of diseases.

Drug Addiction (Substance Use Disorder)

The Mayo Clinic states that drug

addiction, also termed ‘substance use
disorder’, is a “disease that affects a person's
brain and behavior” which often leads to
one’s inability to control their use of a
prescribed or illegal drug.
Addiction as a chronic disease
https://www.wabi.tv/content/news/Maine-Public-Health-
characterized by drug seeking and use that is Association-conference-focuses-addiction

compulsive, or difficult to control, despite harmful consequences. It is considered a brain

disease because drugs change the brain, they change its structure and how it works. These

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brain changes can be long-lasting and can lead to the harmful behaviors seen in people who
abuse drugs (National Institute on Drug Abuse [NIDA], 2014).

Is Drug Abuse and Drug Addiction the Same?

Medical experts advise that the terms ‘drug

abuse’ and ‘drug addiction’ are not synonymous.
Drug abuse is when legal or illegal substances are
used in ways not advised by medical professionals.
Examples of abuse are when you might take more
than the regular dose of pills; or use someone else’s
https://webstockreview.net/explore/remember-clipart/
prescription even if you don’t need that particular
medication. Drugs can be abused when the person just wants to “feel good,” ease their stress,
or avoid reality. Typically, the result of abuse is what leads a person to addiction in that you
are unable to change the unhealthy habit, or that you cannot stop using the substance at all.
(Casarella, J. 2020).

Why do people turn to Drugs?

The following are some of the reasons why people take psychoactive drugs based on
the researches conducted by famous authors:

1. Curiosity and “because others are

doing it” - In this respect adolescents
are particularly vulnerable because of
the strong influence of peer pressure.
2. Recreation - Using prescribed drugs
for that was originally to target pain
relief, but has been turned into
recreational, addictive use.
3. Culture - Religious or cultural
practices/ rituals that may call for the
use of certain chemicals.
4. Loneliness – People who are into Substance Use Disorder commonly lack enough
positive human contacts to sustain happiness, and they resort to drug intake partly as
self-medication (Panksepp, 2012).

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 5. To feel good – psychoactive substances contain chemicals that distorts reality and
make you feel better. After a while, the feeling-good in the brain will get addicted to
it thus wanting more to get the same novel feeling.
6. To do better - Some people may take stimulants to enhance or improve their cognitive
skills as well as physical activities such as studying or athletic performance.

What are the Categories of Drugs?

The commonly abused drugs fall into three groups, and these include:

 Depressants: These are drugs that cause depression of the brain's faculties by
attacking the Central Nervous System (CNS) slowing down the messages between the
brain and the body. Some drugs in this category includes those that are used as
tranquilizers and anti-psychosis medicines. Examples of these are barbiturates such as
sleeping pills and non-barbiturates such as benzodiazepines, and alcohol.
 Stimulants: Drugs which cause stimulation of the brain, giving rise to alertness and
increased bursts of activity. Examples of these
are amphetamine, cocaine, caffeine and nicotine.
 Hallucinogens (Psychedelics): These results to
hallucinations and an "out of this world" feeling.
This drugs affect the sensation, thinking, and
emotion that may lead to distorted sensory
stimulations, delusion, paranoia and even
depression. Examples of hallucinogen drugs are
ecstasy, mescaline and marijuana.
https://www.drugaddictionnow.com/2017/1
0/08/fda-warns-about-withholding-opioid-
Source: Mandal, A. (2019) What is Drug Abuse? addiction-medications-on-cns-depressants/

Basic Facts about Commonly Abused Substances

Marijuana
Marijuana is usually rolled up in a cigarette
called a joint or a nail. It can also be brewed as a
tea or mixed with food, or smoked through a water
pipe called a bong. According to a National Survey
on Drug Abuse, kids who frequently use marijuana
are almost four times more likely to act violently or https://www.livescience.com/48171-marijuana

damage property.
Street Names:
Weed, Grass, Herb, Pot, Dope

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 SHORT-TERM EFFECT LONG-TERM EFFECT
Loss of coordination and distortions in Long-term use can cause psychotic
the sense of time, vision and hearing, symptoms. It can also damage the lungs
sleepiness, reddening of the eyes, and the heart, worsen the symptoms of
increased appetite and relaxed muscles. bronchitis and cause coughing and
Heart rate can speed up. wheezing.

Alcohol
Alcohol depresses your central nervous system
(brain and spinal cord), lowers inhibitions and impairs
judgement. Drinking large amounts can lead to a coma
and even death. Mixing alcohol with medications or street
drugs can be fatal. Alcohol influences your brain and lead
to a loss of coordination, slowed reflexes, distorted vision,
memory lapses and blackouts.
https://www.123rf.com/photo_55349748 Street Names
_stock-vector-sad-man-drinking-at-a-bar-
isolated-on-white-cartoon- Booze, Sauce, Brews, Hard Stuff, Juice
illustration.html

SHORT-TERM EFFECT LONG-TERM EFFECT

Feeling of warmth, flushed skin, impaired Leads to a deteriorating physical condition
judgement, lack of coordination, slurred that can include liver damage and increases
speech, memory and comprehension loss. the risk of heart disease. If someone
Heavy drinking usually results in a suddenly stops drinking, withdrawal
“hangover”, headache, nausea, anxiety, symptoms may set in which may result to
weakness, shakiness and sometimes jumpiness, sleeplessness, poor appetite,
vomiting. convulsions and sometimes death.

Ecstasy
Ecstasy is usually taken orally in pill, tablet or
capsule form. Taking more than one at a time is called
“bumping”. Ecstasy is a synthetic (man-made) drug made
in laboratory. Makers may add anything they choose to the
drug such as caffeine, amphetamine and even cocaine. It
has similar effects to hallucinogens and stimulants. The
pills are of different colors and are sometimes marked with
cartoon-like images. Mixing ecstasy with alcohol is
https://newsday.co.tt/2020/01/05/what-
extremely dangerous and can be lethal. you-should-know-about-ecstasy/

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Street Names
E, XTC, X, Adam, Beans, Lover’s Speed, Love Drug

SHORT-TERM EFFECT LONG-TERM EFFECT

Impaired judgement, false sense of Prolonged use causes long-lasting and
affection, confusion, depression, sleep perhaps permanent damage to the brain,
problems, severe anxiety, paranoid, drug affecting the person’s judgement and
craving, muscle tension, involuntary thinking ability.
tooth clenching, nausea, blurred vision,
faintness, chills or sweating

Cocaine
Cocaine can be taken orally, through the
nose(snorted), injected with a syringe or in the case of
crack, through inhalation of the fumes from heating it.
It is made from the coca plant and next to
methamphetamine creates the greatest psychological
dependence of any drug.
Street Names

https://theconversation.com/weekly-dose-
Coke, Crack, Flake, Rocks, Snow, Charlie, Sniff
cocaine-the-glamour-drug-of-the-70s-is-making-
a-comeback-88639

SHORT-TERM EFFECT LONG-TERM EFFECT

Causes short-lived intense high that is Cocaine can cause irritability, mood
immediately followed by the opposite- disturbances, restlessness, paranoia and
intense feelings of depression and auditory (hearing) hallucinations. Tolerance
edginess and a craving for more of the to the drug develops so that more is needed
drug. to produce the same “high”.

Shabu or Methamphetamine
Methamphetamine are inhaled, smoked or
injected. Low doses are in a pill form. Crystal meth is
a form of methamphetamine that resembles small
fragments of glass or shiny blue-white rocks. It is a
highly powerful and addictive man-made stimulant
https://steemit.com/drugs/@apam/the-
that causes aggression and violent or psychotic
dangers-of-drug-shabu-4ac93d5267af3

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behavior. It is one of the hardest drugs to treat.
Street Name
Speed, Meth, Crystal, Crank, Ice, Glass, Quartz

SHORT-TERM EFFECT LONG-TERM EFFECT

Negative effects can include disturbed Increased heart rate and blood pressure,
sleep patterns, hyperactivity, nausea, damage to blood vessels in the brain,
delusions of power, increased leading to strokes or irregular heart beat and
aggressiveness and irritability. Can cardiovascular collapse or death. User may
decreased hunger and bring on weight suffer brain damage, including memory
loss. impairment and increasing inability to grasp
abstract thoughts.

Inhalants
Inhalants include chemicals found in such
household products as aerosol sprays, cleaning fluids, glue,
paint, paint thinner, nail polish remover, amyl nitrate and
lighter fuel. Inhalants affects the brain. When substances or
fumes are inhaled, they cause permanent physical and
mental damage. They starve the body of oxygen and force
the heart to beat irregularly and more rapidly.
Street Name
https://www.drugfreeworld.org/drugf
Poppers, Whippets, Laughing Gas, Rush acts/inhalants.html

SHORT-TERM EFFECT LONG-TERM EFFECT

People who use inhalants can lose their Can lead to muscle wasting and reduced
sense of smell, suffer nausea, and muscle tone and strength. Can permanently
nosebleeds and may develop liver, lung and damage the body and brain.
kidney problems. Continued use can lead to
reduced muscle mass, tone and strength.

Most Common Signs of Drug Use and Addiction

A resource for American Addiction Centers state that every person's drug abuse or
addiction experience is unique, but there are some ‘basic’ signs that apply to many people
who abuse substances, which include the following:

1. Intense cravings.
2. Tolerance.
3. Withdrawal symptoms.

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 4. Physical dependence.
5. They are engaging in increasingly risky behaviors.
6. Drug-seeking behaviors.
7. Financial trouble related to drug use.
8. Neglecting responsibilities.
9. They are developing unhealthy relationships with those who support the addiction.
10. Isolating behaviors.
Source: Rehab.com

How do People take Illegal Drugs?

No matter which way people prefer to take in drugs, it will always

end up in our bloodstream and create an effect on our bodies. The common
methods of administering drugs are the following:

Swallowing tablets or drinking liquids – The drugs are absorbed by the

body via the stomach lining

Breathing them into the lungs - The drugs are absorbed in the system
through the lining of the lungs

Snorting into the nose – The drugs are absorbed through the thin nasal
lining

Injecting - The drug substance enters the body via the blood stream

Through the skin – The drugs are slowly absorbed into the body via a
topical application like a cream or body patch

Rectally or vaginally as a suppository - The drugs are absorbed to the

bowels via the vaginal lining or the anal lining

Ill Effects of Drugs

Overusing certain drugs and consuming illegal ones will

lead to different effects physiologically, socially, and legally.
Abusing drugs may also lead to economic and political instability.
The following are the ill effects of drugs:

Physiological - Any drugs are deemed dangerous when taken

https://www.jing.fm/iclipt/ThJ
beyond the right dosage and beyond the right intention. Drugs that
mxJ/

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can be harmful and dangerous when taken in
combinations; or it becomes harmful to a person who
has contraindications such as an allergy to the
substance, even if it is in small or typical doses. Aside
from the short and long-term effects cited in the
previous pages, using illegal drugs can put a person at
https://www.pinclipart.com/pindetail/bxhw
risk of transmissible diseases such as Hepatitis, and oR_effects-of-drugs-clipart-png-download/

viruses like th e Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which can then result in Acquired
Immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Social - Drugs’ consciousness-altering effects can severely aggravate the mood of the person
taking it. People frequently using drugs will more often than not, engage in aggressive and
violent behaviors like fighting, stealing, riots, and ot her forms of criminality; and will even
develop an anti-social personality (Pozzi, 2018; and Johnson and Raine, 2013).

Legal - Dealing or just using illegal drugs can lead to imprisonment. People who are
convicted often faced social stigma from people around which in some cases resulted in
social rejection. Another legal consequence of drug
abuse can lead to difficulty in applying a job as many
employers conducts background investigation to know if
their new hires are free from legal encumbrances and
liabilities.

https://www.drugrehab.us/addiction/legal-
problems/

Economic - Pozzi adds that “economic aftershock” that illegal drug use may cause comes
often from loss of potential manpower; low productivity; money laundering (because the
illegal drug trade is profitable in the black market black market); and the lack of security and
safety in the community makes it an unfavorable environment for investors to trust that their
businesses will thrive. Additionally, governments spend quite an amount of ta xpayer’s
money to boost security against insurgency and criminality caused by the drug menace; when
instead it could go towards providing the basic needs of its citizens.

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Political - The illegal drug trade corrupts the government
system as well when drug syndicates and politicians become
involved, mostly due to access to money and power.
(Kawugana & Faruna, 2018; Pozzi, 2018; and Ciocchini,
2019).

https://www.philstar.com/opinion/201
6/11/26/1645521/editorial-stopping-
Global Drug Situation narco-politics

 Around 269 million people who used drugs in 2018- a figure that is 30% higher than
in 2009 according to the latest World Drug Report of the United Nations Office on
Drugs and Crime (UNODC);
 35 million people suffering from drug use disorders;
 Developing countries has a rapid increase in drug use through the years (2000-2018)
compared to developed countries;
 192 million users worldwide of cannabis (marijuana) and is known as most used
substance around the globe in 2018;
 Opioids remained to be the most harmful classification of drug because of the 71%
increase in opioid-related deaths;
 Of that 71% increased, 92% are women and 63% are men;
 Increasing unemployment and the lessened opportunities for jobs caused by the
COVID-19 pandemic will likely
“disproportionately affect the
poorest,” (World Trdae Report,
2020).
 In effect it will make them likelier
to turn to drug use, or drug
manufacturing, and drug
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illegal_drug_trade
trafficking as well for a source of
income.

Philippine Drug Situation

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 https://www.rappler.com/nation/drug-use-survey-results-dangerous-drugs-board-philippines-2015

 The Dangerous Drugs Board (DDB) reported that there are 1.8 million Philippine
drug users;
 4.8 million Filipinos reported to using illegal drugs at least once in their lives;
 More than three-quarters of these drug users are adults (91%), and a higher percentage
were males (87%), and have reached high school (80%);
 More than two-thirds (67%) of drug users are employed;
 Methamphetamine, locally called shabu or the “poor man’s cocaine,” is regarded as
the most commonly used drug in the Philippines;
 The United Nations in a 2012 report found that the Philippines had the highest rate of
methamphetamine abuse in countries in East Asia;
 About 2.2% of Filipinos between the ages 16–64 years were methamphetamine users.
 Upon assuming office on June 30, 2016, Philippine President Rodrigo R. Duterte and
his cabinet launched a campaign that focused on combating illegal drugs “OPLAN
TOKHANG”.

Drug Courier
The Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) recognizes the drug courier as a
“huge challenge” to law enforcement. Over many years, it is becoming a trend to utilize drug
couriers in transporting illegal drugs and has become a worldwide concern. It poses serious
threats to health, violates human rights, and cultivates illegal activities and other crimes such
as human trafficking and prostitution.

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 Drug mules or “drug couriers”
https://pdea.gov.ph/drug-trends/drug-courier
are persons who transport illegal
drugs in exchange for getting paid a
huge amount of money, usually
determined by the amount of drugs to
be delivered and the route/distance to
be traveled. The anti- illegal drug
authority adds that women are
typically targeted by syndicates
“since they typically generate mild
suspicion from authorities,” and
because there are “more cavities” in
the female body to possibly insert the drugs in, women pose less of a detection risk.

Factors Contributing to the Drug Courier Problem

Female Filipinos are enticed to enter as drug couriers by the syndicates because they
were promised either money, a relationship, or marriage; as have been the case with several
arrests made by PDEA.
Many people, whether men or women, enter into being drug couriers out of the
promise of the opportunity to travel, a comfortable life, and an ‘easy,’ high-paying job,
according to a study by the PDEA.
These are the following factors that give rise to the drug courier problem:

 Prevalent poverty
 Lack of education
 The promise of easy money
 Unemployment
 Traveling opportunities

Anti-Drug Campaigns and Advocacies of the Government

 “Barkada Kontra Droga” or “Peer Group Against Drugs” program launched by the
Dangerous Drugs Board aims to tap teen-peers in advocating for preventive education to
counter the ill effects of drug abuse;
 Several policies have been mandated by the Duterte administration including:

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o the establishment of community-based treatment and rehabilitation programs and
services;
o institutionalizing the Drug-Free Workplace Policy; and
o Conducting authorized drug testing for elective local officials and appointive public
officers.
 In July 2016 “Oplan Tokhang,” a combination of the Bisayan words for knock (toktok)
and plead (hangyo) was launched which involves officers going door- to- door in
communities to root out drug-related offenders;
 On September 19, 2016, the DDB approved Board Regulation No. 4, Series of 2016,
entitled “OPLAN SAGIP”, which provided guidelines on the voluntary surrender of drug
users and dependents, as well as mandating a monitoring mechanism for barangays in
their Anti-Drug Abuse campaigns.

Republic Act No. 9165

Also known as the Philippine Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002, it is
enshrined in the law that it will be responsibility of our government to “safeguard the
integrity of its territory and the well-being of its citizenry particularly the youth,” and one of
the ways they aim to do that is to keep its citizens away from the awful effects of illegal
drugs on their overall well-being.

Article II – Unlawful Acts and Penalties.

Under this article of RA 9165, the various illegal acts related to the creation, sale, and
distribution of drugs are detailed.
Section 5 – Sale, Trading, Administration, Dispensation, Delivery, Distribution and
Transportation of Dangerous Drugs and/or Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals.
This section stipulates that anyone caught selling or distributing dangerous drugs will be
faced with the penalty of life imprisonment to death, as well as a fine ranging from Five
hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00)
Section 6 - Maintenance of a Den, Dive, or Resort.
Those who are running a drug den, or allowing the use of dangerous drugs in resorts and
other facilities face life imprisonment to until death as well as a fine ranging from Five
hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00).
Section 7 - Employees and Visitors of a Den, Dive or Resort.

Those knowingly employed at the stated facilities in Section 6 also face a penalty of
imprisonment ranging from twelve (12) years and one (1) day, to twenty (20) years and a fine

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ranging from One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to Five hundred thousand pesos
(P500,000.00)

Section 10 - Manufacture or Delivery of Equipment, Instrument, Apparatus, and Other

Paraphernalia for Dangerous Drugs and/or Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals.
Making and delivering equipment used to consume dangerous drugs can get you a
penalty of imprisonment ranging from twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years
along with a fine ranging from One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to Five hundred
thousand pesos (P500,000.00)

Section 11 - Possession of Dangerous Drugs.

Having on one’s person any type of dangerous drug warrants the penalty of life
imprisonment to death, as well as a fine ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos
(P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00)
Section 12 - Possession of Equipment, Instrument, Apparatus and Other Paraphernalia for
Dangerous Drugs.

Owning any equipment intended for the consumption of dangerous drugs warrants a
penalty of imprisonment ranging from six (6) months and one (1) day, to four (4) years as
well as a fine ranging from Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) to Fifty thousand pesos
(P50,000.00)
Section 13 - Possession of Dangerous Drugs During Parties, Social Gatherings or Meetings.

Anyone who possesses any dangerous drug during a party, social gathering or
meeting, or in the company of at least two (2) persons, will face the maximum penalties
provided for in Section 11 of this Act, regardless of how much and how pure the quality of
the dangerous drugs in their possession.
Section 14 - Possession of Equipment, Instrument, Apparatus and Other Paraphernalia for
Dangerous Drugs During Parties, Social Gatherings or Meetings.

The maximum penalty stated in Section 12 of this Act is also imposed upon any
person who possesses or have under his/her control any equipment intended for using any
dangerous drug during parties, social gatherings or meetings, or as long as they are in
company of at least two (2) persons.
Section 15 - Use of Dangerous Drugs.
This section determines the possible sanctions after one is found using dangerous drugs:
After a confirmatory test, the person found positive of illegal substance use will face a
penalty of staying in a government rehab center for a minimum of six (6) months
rehabilitation for the first offense, and if caught using any dangerous drug for a second time,
they shall be penalized with imprisonment ranging from six (6) years and one (1) day to
twelve (12) years and a fine ranging from Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) to Two hundred
thousand pesos (P200,000.00)

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Section 16 - Cultivation or Culture of Plants Classified as Dangerous Drugs or are Sources
Thereof.

This sections states that anyone found growing and cultivating plants included in the
classification as dangerous drugs will face a penalty of life imprisonment to death and a fine
ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos
(P10,000,000.00)
Source: Official Gazette

Article IV - Participation of the Family, Students, Teachers and School Authorities in the
Enforcement of this Act.
The government is not the sole actor in implementing the prevention of citizens in
making, selling, and distributing illegal substances. The various stakeholders of society have
a part to play as well in ensuring that society avoids the ills of illegal drugs.
Section 41 - Involvement of the Family.
This section states that the family, being the most basic unit of society is the one most
responsible in educating and providing awareness among its members on the ill effects of
dangerous drugs, and closely monitor family members who may be prone to drug abuse.
Section 42 - Student Councils and Campus Organizations.

This section mandates that all levels of education: elementary, secondary and tertiary
schools’ student councils and campus organizations should include in its program of
activities one that advocates for the prevention dangerous drugs use, and referral for
treatment and rehabilitation of students for drug dependence as well.
Section 43 - School Curricula.
This section states that all levels of instruction in public and private schools will
integrate drug abuse prevention and control.
Source: Official Gazette

20 National Service Training Program 1 | University of Mindanao

 Application

1. Why do you think it is important to implement measures such as laws and programs
as regards to drug abuse problem in the country?

2. In your capacity as an NSTP student, how can you help the government in its “War
Against Drugs” Program?

Congratulations! You have reached the end of this lesson. Great job! It is expected that you
have gained insights and meaningful learning in defining dangerous drugs and drug abuse.
Now, you are already prepared to move to Lesson 2 of this module, which is about the role of
the youth in drug abuse prevention.

21 National Service Training Program 1 | University of Mindanao

 The Role of the Youth in
Lesson Drug Abuse Prevention

2
Objectives:
 Identify how the youth can participate in drug detection and
prevention;
 Have a better sense of appreciation for the role of the youth in
society building; and
 Put into daily practice their positive influence over their peers,
especially when it comes to avoiding the drug menace.
Introduction
Under the context of UNODC’s program of work in drug prevention, there are several
measures that support and complement youth participation. These measures aim to correct the
misconception that young people have limited capabilities to contribute to substance use
prevention. The word ‘prevention’ is confusing for many young people today. Some would
even think that they are not influenced by prevention, and some might not think about it at
all.
However, most young people are actively working hard to avoid the initiation of drug
abuse both within the individual and the peer level. The fact is that prevention may not often
be seen by our youth, not because it still provides a lot of gray areas, but because it is too
broad and deeply rooted in their lives.

Activity _________________
_______________
_______________
_______________
As an N.S.T.P. student,
prepare a letter of __________________
appeal addressed to ________________________________________________
concerned authorities in
______________________________________________________
the attempt to look for
______________________________________________________
possible solutions in
_________________________________________.
combating the drug
________________________________________________
problem in our country
as member of a youth ______________________________________________________
organization. Please ____________________________________________.
refer to the letter format
provided for the said
purpose. Sincerely,
__________________

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 Analysis
1. Does the youth organization in your community participate in activities that
promotes drug prevention? What do they do?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________.
2. Did you involve yourself in those activities? If not, what hinder you to do so?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________.
3. If your answer is “yes”, would you like to do it again? Why?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________.
4. Were there instances that your efforts as a group were rejected by the community?
How do you feel about it?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________.
5. In what else way did you think that you can show your group’s potential to
contribute to the drug prevention program of your community?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________.

Abstraction
WHO notes that drugs affect young people in every part of the
world. They may use drugs, be involved in the cultivation or production
of drugs, or are used as couriers.
Factors such as the personal, micro level (influence of the family,

23 National Service Training Program 1 | University of Mindanao

school, or peers), and macro level (their socioeconomic and physical environment) interplay
may cause young people to be more vulnerable to substance use. A large body of research has
suggested that early (12–14 years old) to late (15–17 years old) adolescence is a “critical risk
period” at which adolescents may engage in substance abuse, before it peaks at around 18 –
25 years old.
Quite a number of young people dabble in drugs to try and be able to cope with social
and psychological challenges during the different phases of their development. Others have
far more tragic reasons, such as using drugs or other regulated substances like nicotine or
alcohol as a way to cope with physical or sexual abuse.
The immediate sense of euphoria from substances that are usually readily available
and at a low price, only serves to push more youth into using and abusing these items.

Engaging the Youth in Drug Prevention

The International Youth Foundation espouses that “Young people are not problems to
be solved, but problem solvers themselves,” which is a claim that rings true, because the
young people of society are integral voices in helping shape our culture, government, and
society at large.
There are many reasons why youth’s participation in development programmes are
vital. Their unique skills and innovative ideas to communicate and reach-out to people can
be of extreme help to communities such as but not limited to disseminating information
through media. Participation provides young people with a sense of purpose and direction,
giving them the feeling of being more connected to the activities and taking accountability of
the programme’s mission (UNODCCP, 2002).
In a study entitled “Youth Participation in Drug Prevention Programmes,” Poole,
stated that the “unique experiences, viewpoints and vitality,” of young people make them
capable of making extremely important contributions to their immediate communities and
society as a whole. Encouraging the participation of young people in drug prevention
programs and allowing them to communicate their message in their own unique way is an
example of recognizing the “vast potential” of young people for productiveness and
responsibility (Poole et. Al., 2005).

The Value of the Youth in Participating the Drug Prevention

24 National Service Training Program 1 | University of Mindanao

Poole in her study notes the following advantages of engaging the youth sector in drug
prevention:
1. Morals and character are developed
The youth are empowered to question what is happening around them, and gain
confidence in themselves to think critically, especially when they support each other.
2. The youth listen to their fellows
Young people are some of the most effective teachers, reliable messengers, and
successful recruiters who can convince their peers to join any cause. There is no one
better at knowing youth attitudes and behaviors than the people living these experiences.
3. A foundation for a good adult life
Deliberately keeping young people uninformed and making them unable to contribute
only leads to future problems that can be avoided.
4. A direct reflection of what young people want and need
Young people have a lot to say and contribute. Young people understand that drug
prevention is a crucial issue, and they also know they are great sources of information.
They realize the importance of drug prevention because it is better to help youth avoid
drugs rather than try to stop them after addiction.

T.E.N. (10) WAYS TO SAY "NO" TO DRUGS

1. Use your voice, just say "NO" and mean it!
2. Show them an image of clean living for yourself.
3. Get into sports.
4. Choose your friends and influence them positively.
5. Get involved in community-based projects.
6. Join organizations (church, school, community, or
social) or youth clubs.
7. Learn how to manage stress. https://www.change.org/p/group-say-no-
to-drug
8. Join seminars on anti-drug abuse prevention.
9. Talk to your family, listen to the problems of your brothers and sisters.
10. Enhance your talents or skills by taking part in workshops, training or seminars.

25 National Service Training Program 1 | University of Mindanao

To be involved in drug prevention and control requires a S.T.R.O.N.G. group:

S – Steadfast personality
T – Trustworthy in words and deeds
R – Respectable in relating to others
O – Open-minded in facing situations
N – Noble character
G – Gusty actions and ideas

Nobody, especially a teenager, likes to be lectured about what

they can or cannot do. Thus, we shall provide the facts that allow a
person to make an informed decision on their own to remain drug-free.
The light that will shed success to this plan would be student
participation.

26 National Service Training Program 1 | University of Mindanao

 I. Since we are in a generation where most of us spend our time
online, you are all encouraged to upload an awareness slogan about
drugs that gives out enlightenment about its effects. You shall take a
Application screenshot of your post online and submit it to your teacher.

II.. Being aware of the nature and ill effects of drugs to humans and communities, make your
personal oath on how you will remain drug-free by writing it in a diary. This will serve as
your guide in your daily activity which you may turn as reminders from time to time.

Congratulations! You have reached the end of our module. It is expected that you have
gained important insights that you can apply to daily living; and making informed,
responsible decisions regarding illegal drugs and drug abuse.

27 National Service Training Program 1 | University of Mindanao

 Module
Summary

Looking back to our discussion, there were several topics presented such as the
Nature of Drugs and Drug Abuse. We were made to understand on the different concepts
pertaining to legal and illegal drugs, when do we tell that you are actually abusing drugs and
the types of drugs being abused. We were also made to see how drugs affects us
physiologically, socially, legally, economically and how drugs have corrupted the morals of
the political system of our country.
This module was also an eye opener to us by looking into the situations presented in
the global and national arena. We were made to discover some of the facts and figures upon
how drug menace has affected the youth being the hope and resources of our motherland.
Programs and measures undertaken by the government were also presented which gave us a
glance on how the government agencies are sincere in pursuing anti-drug advocacies. We
were also presented pertinent laws that govern the use of drugs in its many forms which serve
as deterrence measures to people who are into or are just planning to get into illegal drug
activities.
The last section of the module highlighted the ways in which youth can contribute to
drug prevention and control programs. There were activities introduced particularly in this
portion that spurs you critical thinking and creativity on how you can take part in your
communities. You were also encouraged to express your personal commitment on how to
remain drug-free by writing your oath in one of the module’s activity.
Let us all remember, that the solution to drug abuse problem does not only lie upon
the turf of the law enforcement group of our government. Everyone in the country has the
sole responsibility to keep our community safe and secured from any forms of criminality.
Together let us help our government in its War Against Drugs! Let us make this country a
livable and peaceful place to live for the next generations!
There are so much more to do after we can tell that the problem on drug abuse has
deteriorated. But when we do it all together, truly we can tell that the problem will be near to
its end. As Helen Keller said, "Alone we can do so little, but together we can do so
much”.

28 National Service Training Program 1 | University of Mindanao

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