AGRICULTURE LICENSURE EXAM REVIEWER

CROP SCIENCE EXAM

(Set 1)

1. The following are modern techniques in biotechnology except:

a. Bioinformatics
b. Vaccine technology
c. Diagnostics
d. Tissue and cell culture

2. The name cereal is derived from the name of the most important grain deity
a. The Roman Goddess Venus
b. The Roman Goddess Ceres
c. The Roman God Of Soul
d. The Xeres God of Israel

3. It is the classification of farming system based on type and intensity of rotation, water supply, cropping patterns and animal activities and
degree of commercialization.
a. Cultivation
b. Grassland utilization
c. Collection
d. Fallow

4. Which does not belong to the group?

a. Centro
b. Seratro
c. Stylo
d. Paragrass

5. The following are type of shifting cultivation system except:

a. Intercropping system
b. Migration system
c. Vegetative system
d. Clearance system

6. An example of small fruit is:

a. Pineapple
b. Lanzones
c. Tamarind
d. Duhat

7. Which of the following methods of crop improvement is not commonly used due to difficulty in identifying the change in the desired trait.
a. Plant introduction
b. Introgression
c. Selection
d. Hybridization

8. Momordica charantia and Sechium edule, are examples of the family:

a. Cucurbitaceae
b. Malvaceae
c. Moringaceae
d. Compositae

9. A basic of hybrid crosses wherein a hybrid is crossed to one of its parents to improve lines or cultivars that excels in most desirable
characteristics but lack one or few.
a. Polycross
b. Top cross
c. Double cross
d. Backcross

10. This is the scientific name of rambutan.

a. Nephelium lappaceum
b. Durio discolor
c. Artocarpus altilis
d. Averrhoa balimbi

11. A type of dormancy wherein the new embryo stops growing while still attached to the parent plant thus, preventing the seeds from
germinating vivaparously even after the ripe seed is shed off or harvested.
a. Innate dormancy
b. Induced dormancy
c. Enforced dormancy
d. Forced dormancy

12. Which is not a characteristic of a dicotyledonous plant?

a. Netted venation
b. Tap root system
c. Floral parts in 5’s or multiples of 5
 d. Distinct nodes and internodes

13. It is a class of seeds whose genetic identity and purity of the variety are maintained. This type of a seed is the source of all certified seed
class either directly or through registered seed. It is issued with red tags.
a. Certified seed
b. Breeder seed
c. Foundation seed
d. Registered seed

14. The enlarged, fleshy root of some plants like: Daucus carota, Ipomea batatas, Raphanus sativus, etc. are examples of modified root doing
the function
a. Water absorption
b. Food storage
c. Anchorage
d. All of these

15. It is the result of the union of male and female gametes, which results in the formation of seeds and the creation of individuals with new
genotype. This usually results in the increased vigor or growth of hybrid progeny in relation to the average of the parent known as:
a. Variety
b. Pedigree
c. Offspring
d. Heterosis

16. A type of sclerenchyma that is short and more or less cuboidal in shape that imparts gritty feeling when fruits containing them are eaten is
called:
a. Fibers
b. Strings
c. Sclereids
d. Tracheids

17. The competition of the different parts of a plant for water nutrients, light etc. is known as:
a. Interplant competition
b. Interspecific competition
c. Intraspecific competition
d. Intraplant competition

18. Stems of the monocot plants are generally small compared to the dicot plants because of the absence of meristematic tissue called:
a. Cork cambium
b. Cortex
c. Phellogen
d. Vascular cambium

19. Biological diversity is the total variability within all the living organisms and the ecological complexes they inhibit. Which of the following is
not a level of biodiversity?
a. Human interference
b. Species
c. Ecosystem
d. Genetic diversity

20. A strengthening tissue parent in the plant that can be extracted and be transformed into economic products like rope, jute jack, cotton balls
or cloth is:
a. Aerenchyma
b. Collenchyma
c. Sclerieds
d. Fibers

21. A type of plant propagation wherein formation of adventitious roots or buds occurs before separation of the propagule from the parent plant
a. Grafting
b. Marcotting
c. Cloning
d. Inarching

22. Several plants have the characteristic of becoming leafless during a year’s growth. These plants that shed off their leaves are called:
a. Monoecious
b. Dioecious
c. Deciduous
d. Foliaceous

23. The young plant that develops inside the seed.

a. Seed coat
b. Embryo
c. Endosperm
d. Perisperm

24. Corn or Zea mays L., is a monocot plant that uses its terminal bud for the formation of the staminate flower and the lateral bud in the
formation of the pistillate flower. Such condition exhibit by this plant is known as:
a. Dioecious
b. Determinate
 c. Indeterminate
d. Monoecious condition

25. A meristematic tissue where lateral roots of plants that originate

a. Vascular cambium
b. Epidermis
c. Endodermis
d. Pericycle

26. Storage plastids, store starch, oil and proteins are called:
a. Aleuroplast
b. Amyloplast
c. Elaioplast
d. Leucoplast

27. The shell of the coconut is hard and stony; hence the fruit is classified as:
a. Samara
b. Dupe
c. Achene
d. Nut

28. The basic unit of plant classification is the:

a. Species
b. Order
c. Family
d. Genus

29. Stomatal closure is not only due to deficiency of turgor pressure due to the action of hormones. It is effected by:
a. Ethylene
b. Gibberillins
c. Cytokinins
d. Abscissic acid

30. The largest cytoplasmic organelle apart from the nucleus in plant cells is the
a. MItochondrion
b. Ribosome
c. Glyoxysome
d. Chloroplast

31. Growth is also manifested in the increase in the girth of the trunk. This growth is due to the division of the meristematic tissue called:
a. Cork cambium
b. Vascular cambium
c. Protoderm
d. Ground meristem

32. The white potato tuber is considered a stem because:

a. It becomes fleshy and stores carbohydrates
b. It does not absorb water and minerals
c. It has xylem and phloem
d. It has nodes and internodes

33. The increase in the size of the organism

a. Development
b. Growth
c. Catabolism
d. Anabolism

34. Some fruits develop even without pollination and fertilization. Such phenomenon, which produces seedless fruit, is called:
a . Parthenocarphy
b . Apocarpy
c. Polyploidy
d. Apomixis

35. The observable variation in a character in a population is called:

a. Phenotypic variation
b. Genotypic variation
c. Dominance variation
d. Environmental variation

36. In the xylem tissue of flowering plants the major water conducting cells are the
a. Vessels
b. Sieve tubes
c. Tracheids
d. Sieve cells

37. The phenomenon in a single major gene affecting more than one character is known as:
a. Pleiotropy
b. Penetrance
 c. Expressivity
d. Isogenic

38. The pistils of the flower are collectively termed

a. Androecium
b. Corolla
c. Gynoecium
d. Calyx

39. The process of introducing a recombinant DNA molecule into cells of bacteria plant or animal is called:
a. DNA cloning
b. Transformation
c. Recombination
d. Introduction

40. The botanical term for wood is

a. Secondary xylem
b. Cortex
c. Secondary phloem
d. Bark

41. The plant part to be cultured in vitro is known as:

a. Mother plant
b. Source plant
c. Explant
d. Stock plant

42. Small raised areas in the bark of woody stems, which function for gas exchange, are called:
a. Pneumatophores
b. Lenticels
c. Stomata
d. Pits

43. This refers to a group of cells tissues or plant derived from a single mother cell, tissue or plant through asexual means and is expected to
be genetically identical.
a. Clone
b. Meristem
c. Bud
d. Scion

44. During drought conditions, monocots roll their leaves in order to prevent excessive evaporation of water. This rolling phenomenon occurs
as a result of specialized large epidermal cells, which became flaceid during drought. This cell is called:
a. Bulliform cells
b. Subsidiary cells
c. Guard cells
d. Trichomes

45. The clonal true-to-type rapid propagation of plants in vitro is:

a. Enculturation
b. Clonal propagation
c. Fertilization
d. Micropropagation

46. Flowers bearing both stamens and pistils are always considered
a. Complete
b. Regular
c. Perfect
d. Radial

47. Any organic substance, which at low concentrations, promotes, inhibits or modifies growth:
a. Hormone
b. Fertilizer
c. Enhancer
d. Modifier

48. Plants grown for their short thicken underground stem:

a. Rootcrops
b. Cereals
c. Tubercrops
d. Legumes

49. An undesirable phenomenon that sometimes develops in culture appearing as overly succulent, crisp waterlogged or glassy tissue.
a. Vitification
b. Oxidation
c. Degradation
d. Retardation

50. The study of growing, arranging and marketing of flowers and foliage plants
 a. Olericulture
b. Floriculture
c. Serviculture
d. Agriculture

51. Inarching is also known as:

a. Grafting by approach
b. Layering
c. Marcotting
d. Serpentine

52. Crops are grown to reduce soil erosion, control weeds and conserve moisture
a. Silage crops
b. Cover crops
c. Soiling crops
d. Catch crops

53. Type of germination when the cotyledon comes above the ground
a. Hypogeal
b. Epigeal
c. Hypo-epegeal
d. Exodermus

54. Plants that requires support or that creep along the ground.
a. Herbs
b. Vines
c. Shrubs
d. Trees

55. Terms used to describe seeds or plant that could not be kept viable for a long time. It cannot withstand drying and should permit to dry out
before planting.
a. Recalcitrant
b. Registered
c. Foundation
d. Orthodox

56. Plants that require short darkness to flower are:

a. Long day plant
b. Day neutral plants
c. Short day plants
d. Dry season plants

57. These are small suckers just emerging from an underground stem
a. Maiden
b. Water
c. Peepers
d. Sword
58. A factor wherein population neighborhood, peace and order are considered in site selection for crop production.
a. Biological factors
b. Environmental factors
c. Sociological factors
d. Ecological factors

59. If a mother and her child belong to group O, what group could be the wrong father belongs to?
a. O b. A c. B d. AB

60. The proponents of the cell theory where:

a. Bateson and Hooke
b. Morgan and Badges
c. Watson and Creik
d. Schleidan and Shwann

61. Propagation, which preserve the characters of the parent plant.

a. Sexual
b. Thinning
c. Asexual
d. Etiolation

62. The effect in environment is best described in phenotype if:

a. Genotypic effect-low and Environment effect-low
b. Genotypic effect-low and Environment effect-low
c. Genotypic effect-high and Environment effect-low
d. Genotypic effect-high and Environment effect-high

63. An example of biennial vegetable crop is:

a. Tomato
b. Onion
c. Eggplant
 d. Squash

64. The totality of genes species and ecosystems in a region

a. Biodiversity
b. Sustainability
c. Ecology
d. Complexity

65. An example of monoecious plant

a. Corn
b. Beans
c. Eggplant
d. Tomato

66. The special and temporal arrangement of plants grown in the given area
a. Cropping systems
b. Cropping pattern
c. Sequential cropping
d. Intercropping

67. Crops that normally produce quality seeds in temperate countries

a. Tomato
b. Cabbage
c. Eggplant
d. All of the above

68. The resistance of a landscape or system to disturbance and its recovery from disturbance
a. Productivity
b. Diversity
c. Stability
d. Sustainability

69. An example of plant that needs light in order to germinate:

a. Lettuce
b. Tomato
c. Eggplant
d. Mungbean

70. It includes all the biomass harvested from the crop

a. Biological yield
b. Economic yield
c. Potential yield
d. Actual yield

71. The tilling of the soil when it is saturated with water

a. Wet land or low land preparation
b. Primary tillage preparation
c. Dry land or upland preparation
d. Zero tillage preparation

72. The construction of earthen embankment to control runoff in sloping area in high rainfall.
a. Contouring
b. Terracing
c. Farm ponds
d. Reforestation

73. It ensures the presence of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the root environment of the plant, which may be otherwise low or absent
a. Inoculation
b. Dust application
c. Fungicide application
d. Slurry application

74. A management system designed to supply crops with sufficient nutrients, which considers nutrients from different sources notably organic
materials.
a. Integrated Pest Management
b. Integrated Nutrient Management
c. Fertilizer Management System
d. Organic Agriculture System

75. Planting the seeds by distributing them individually in the row is called:
a. Hill planting
b. Drill planting
c. Ridge planting
d. List planting

76. A group of fertilizer of microbial origin

a. Organic fertilizers
b. Inorganic fertilizers
 c. Biofertilizers
d. Foliar fertilizers

77. A process of transforming the seedling from seed box to another seed boxes or container before they are brought to the field.
a. Pricking
b. Hardening
c. Blocking
d. None of the above

78. A commercially available inoculant for legume crops to enhance N fixation.

a. Rhizobium
b. Nitroplus
c. Azolla
d. Mycorrhiza

79. An aquatic fern growing in association with nitrogen fixing green algae.
a. Azospirillium
b. Azolla
c. Mycorrhiza
d. Rhizobia

80. A crop production system in which more than one crop is grown in a piece of land in one year.
a. Monocropping
b. Sole cropping
c. Multiple cropping
d. Contour cropping

81. A crop production paradigm, which emphasizes the use of improved varieties, inorganic fertilizers, pesticides and other external inputs.
a. Sustainable agriculture
b. Green revolution
c. Organiculture
d. Biotechnology

82. An element of sustainable agriculture, which means showing a net profit in the income statement in the farming enterprise
a. Ecologically
b. Socially just
c. Economically viable
d. Culturally acceptable

83. The level of diversity in a rice farm consisting of several rice varieties
a. Species diversity
b. Genetic diversity
c. Enterprise diversity
d. Ecodiversity

84. The cropping patterns used in a given area with the technology being utilized and their interaction with the environment
a. Cropping rotations
b. Cropping systems
c. Sequential cropping
d. Multiple cropping

85. The growing of two or more crops simultaneously on the same field such that the period of overlap is long enough to include the vegetative
stage.
a. Strip cropping
b. Intercropping
c. Relay cropping
d. Double cropping

86. The yearly output of the physical product per unit area of cultivated land.
a. Stability
b. Productivity
c. Diversity
d. Sustainability

87. The area needed under sole cropping to give as much produce as 1 ha of intercropping of the same management level expressed as ratio.
a. Land equivalent ratio
b. Multiple cropping index
c. Area time equivalent ratio
d. Relative growth rate

88. A production system, which is relatively stable due to the presence of several species.
a. Sole cropping
b. Multiple cropping
c. Cropping system
d. Ratoon cropping

89. The most important part of the soil for crop production.
a. Surface soil
 b. Soil horizon B
c. Soil horizon C
d. Soil horizon B and C

90. Reduction of the velocity of runoff water is one of the principles involved in:
a. Irrigation of crops
b. Soil erosion control
c. Water drainage
d. Water management

91. An example of a leguminous crop grown to cover the soil to control soil erosion and add organic matter and nitrogen to the soil.
a. Centrosema
b. Sweet potato
c. Millet
d. Sorghum

92. In crop rotation, the cereal crop is generally followed by:

a. A cereal crop
b. A legume crop
c. A root crop
d. Cereal crop and root crop

93. The points in the ground of sloping area with the same elevation.
a. Contour
b. Ridges
c. Furrows
d. Slope

94. Which of the following is an external nutrient source for the farm.
a. Bio-gas composting
b. Crop residue
c. Animal manure
d. Compost

95. The commercial inoculant of nitrogen fixing bacterium associated with roots of grasses.
a. Nitroplus
b. Bio-N
c. Mycovam
d. Mycogroe

96. A method of pest control prohibited in integrated pest management.

a. Chemical control
b. Biological control
c. Prophylactic biological control
d. Prophylactic chemical control

97. A method of pest control concerned with the conservation of natural enemies by preventing their destruction or preserving their habitats.
a. Use of resistance varieties
b. Chemical control
c. Cultural control
d. Natural or biological control

98. Which of the following is not a rice hybrid and is not being recommended by National Seed Industry Council (NSIC)?
a. PSB Rc26 H (Magat)
b. PSB Rc72 H (Mestizo)
c. PSB Rc62 H (Makiling)
d. PSB Rc76 H (Panay)

99. What is the germination percentage of corn, if only 180 normal seedlings germinated out of the 200 seeds sown?
a. 80% b. 85% c. 90% d. 95%

100. A drill method of seedling mungbean would be followed with 30 seeds per linear meter and the rows are spaced at 50 cm; how many
plants are there per ha?
a. 60,000
b. 63,000
c. 66,000
d. 69,000
 CROP SCIENCE EXAM
(SET 2)

1. C3 plants have
a. Only one CO 2 fixation pathway
b. Two CO 2 pathways separated in space
c. Two CO 2 fixation pathways separated in time
d. Three CO 2 fixation pathways

2. According to current knowledge, the main path of movement of inorganic substance in plants is:
a. Roots
b. Xylem
c. Phloem
d. Leaves

3. The distribution of growth of plants is not uniform and it usually takes place in growth centers such as:
a. Flowers
b. Stems
c. Meristems
d. Branches

4. The phytohormone is also called a ripening hormone

a. IAA
b. Gibberellin
c. Cytokinin
d. Ethylene

5. The light reaction phase of photosynthesis takes place in:

a. Chloroplast
b. Thykaloid lamellae
c. Stroma
d. Chlorophyll molecule

6. According to the first Fick’s law of Diffusion, the influx of CO 2 into the leaf is:
a. Directly proportional to the size of the stomatal opening
b. Inversely proportional to the CO 2 concentration gradient between the air and the leaf
c. Inversely proportional to total resistance
d. Directly proportional to the CO 2 concentration gradient between the air and the leaf and inversely proportional to total resistance

7. Rice is classified as C3 because its first stable product of photosynthesis is a 3- carbon compound known as:
a. Pyruvic acid
b. oxaloacetic acid
c. 3-phosphoglyceric acid
d. 3- phosphoglyceraldehyde

8. The products of glycolysis in higher plants are:

a. NADH and ATP
b. ATP and H2O
c. NADH and H2O
d. ATP, NADH and pyruvate

9. Transpiration is a very useful process in plants because it is:

a. Involved in heat exchange between the leaves and air
b. Essential in the distribution of essential elements in plants
c. Important in nutrient and water utilization
d. Needed in solubilizing organic compounds

10. The photoreceptor involved in photoperiodism is:

a. Phytochrome
b. Chlorophyll
c. Carotene
d. Flavin

11. Which of the following is a not a feature of an essential element?

a. The absence of an element makes it impossible for the plant to complete its life cycle.
b. The deficiency is specific to the element in question
c. The elements is directly involved in the nutrition of the plant
d. The element cannot be substituted by another element of similar size.

12. The movement of substance against a concentration or chemical gradient is known as:
a. Passive transport
b. Active transport
c. Chemical transport
d. Membrane transport

13. The overall shape of plants is determined by:

a. Allometric growth
 b. Growth correlation
c. Apical dominant
d. Membrane transport

14. Certain plant organ moved when exposed to water stress

a. To maintain high leaf water potential
b. To maximize photosynthetic activity
c. To optimize translocation during the day
d. To balance their temperature with the surrounding air

15. Both photosynthesis and respiration are influenced by:

a. Relative humidity and CO2 concentration
b. Oxygen concentration
c. Temperature and CO2 concentration
d. Temperature and relative humidity

16. Chlorophyll molecules are found in:

a. Mesophyll cells
b. Bundle sheath cells
c. Cholorophyll
d. Cytosol

17. Organ growth toward the source of light is called:

a. Organotropism
b. Thigmotropism
c. Photoperiodism
d. Phototropism

18. Cells with only the surface membrane that surrounds each cells are called:
a. Somatic
b. Prokaryote
c. Eukaryote
d. Cambium

19. The structure that bends two adjacent cells are called:
a. Calcium pectate
b. Middle lamella
c. Binding agent
d. Calcified wall

20. Solutes moves in and out of the vacuole resulting in:

a. Loss of cell turgor
b. Changes in cell volume
c. Cell growth
d. Regulation of osmotic potential of the cytosol

21. The organelle that plays the vital role in maintaining turgor in the cytosol is called:
a. Golgi bodies
b. Ribosome
c. Choloroplast
d. Vacuole

22. The site where glycolic acid produced during photosynthesis is called:
a. Glyoxisome
b. Ribosome
c. Peroxisome
d. Dictyosome

23. Specific tissues of plants where growth occurs are called:

a. Growth points
b. Primary growth primordia
c. Meristems
d. Secondary growth primirdia

24. Cells containing several kinds of organelles each surrounded by a single or double membrane system are called:
a. Mitotic
b. Meiotic
c. Eukaryote
d. Living cells

25. The structure that surrounds the plasmalemma and the protoplast is called:
a. Cell membrane
b. Tonoplast
c. Cell wall
d. Plasmodesmata

26. Respiration is a wasteful but very important physiological process because

a. It breaks down glucose
 b. It leads to the loss of glucose but generates metabolic energy and organic substances needed in the synthesis of structural and storage
compounds.
c. It generates CO 2, H 2O and ATP
d. It generates heat energy that drives transpiration

27. Nutrient availability in the soil is largely dependent on

a. Ph and moisture content
b. Structure and bulk density
c. Water holding capacity
d. Color and temperature

28. According to the Mitscherlich’s Law of Diminishing return

a. The response of a crop to an input of a deficient factor is linear
b. The response of a crop to an input of a deficient factor is linear is curvilinear
c. The minimum yield of a crop is determined by the limiting factor
d. The maximum yield of a crop is dependent on the interactions of various limiting factors

29. Pineapple
a. Fixes atmospheric CO2 during the day
b. Fixes atmospheric CO2 during the night through the C3 pathway
c. Decarboxylates malate in its cytosol during the night
d. Produces malate during the night through the C4 pathway

30. Superabundant levels of available nitrogen in the soil during the wet season may lead to
a. Low shoot-root ratio
b. Medium shoot-root ratio
c. High shoot-root ratio
d. High root-shoot ratio

Sustainable Crop Production

1. Sustainable development is broadly defined:

a. As satisfying today’s food requirement without compromising the resources for the future.
b. As production of today’s basic needs without compromising the resources for the future.
c. As maximizing today’s basic needs at the least economic cost.
d. As attaining food security at the least dependence on imported commodities.

2. Modern crop production in the country have contributed to

a. High crop productivity and conservation of production resources
b. Severe degradation of land and air
c. Soil erosion, desertification, pesticide pollution and loss of biodiversity
d. Food security and farmers’ life upliftment.

3. Modern crop production systems need major adjustments without significantly compromising crop productivity to be:
a. Economically viable and environmentally sound
b. Economically viable, environmentally sound and socially acceptable.
c. Self-sustaining and environment-friendly
d. Sustainable, economically viable, environmentally sound and socially acceptable.

4. Adjustment of modern crop production to attain sustainability should be:

a. Holistic in approach
b. Fragmentary to be effective
c. Fast and problem-specific
d. Precise and profit-oriented

5. A new and dynamic science that deals with ecological principles and practices of agroecosystem management is called:
a. Ecophysiology
b. Ecology
c. Agrophysiology
d. Agroecology

6. The features of a sustainable production are:

a. Ecologically safe, highly productive and profitable
b. Economically viable, moderate crop productivity and environmentally safe
c. Ecologically safe, economically viable and socially acceptable
d. Environmentally sound, economically viable and low input requirement

7. A crucial component of sustainable crop production system, which can be achieved through crop polyculture, is
a. Crop animal integration
b. Plant diversity
c. Crop intensification
d. Genetic contamination

8. Planting of multiple varieties of different crops in a farm is called:

a. Intercropping
b. Interspecific diversity
c. Intraspecific diversity
 d. Biodiversity

9. Monoculture of a crop variety in large scale over an interrupted period promotes:

a. Crop yield stability
b. Build up of insect pests and diseases
c. Genetic purity and stability
d. Soil fertility and productibility

10. A spatial and temporal crop diversity that ensures crop production and vegetation for soil protection is called:
a. Monocropping
b. Multiple cropping
c. Diversification
d. Farm diversification
11. The process of maintaining crop races/strains in their natural habitats is called:
a. Biodiversity conservation
b. In situ plant conservation
c. Ex citu crop conservation
d. Normal plant conservation

12. A crop production system is considered sustainable when:

a. Renewable resources are conserved and crop productivity is stable
b. External inputs are absolutely required to maintain crop yield
c. Non-renewable resources well managed
d. Management of the agroecosystem remains the same overtime

13. Sustainability of crop production is highly location- specific due to:

a. Crop genetic potential instability
b. Crop diversity and management capability
c. Agroclimatic and socioeconomic variability
d. Geographic and demographic factors

14. The ability of an agroecosystem to maintain production through time in the face of ecological constraints and socio-economic pressures is
referred to as:
a. Stability
b. Viability
c. Consistency
d. Acceptability

15. The loss of genetic resources (land races and wild relatives) as a result of the Green Revolution is called:
a. Genetic drift
b. Genetic contamination
c. Genetic erosion
d. Genetic failure

16. One of the features of sustainable crop production, which indicates how evenly the product of the agroecosystem (income, produce) are
distributed among the local producers and consumers is referred to as:
a. Socio- economic viability
b. Cultural acceptability
c. Socio-political equitability
d. Social equity

17. Based on the framework of sustainable crop production, the indicators of the performance of an agroecosystem are:
a. Sustainability, productivity and level of external inputs
b. Productivity, stability and sustainability
c. Social acceptability, ecological soundness and cost of production
d. Economic viability, conservation of resources and scale of adoption

18. Stable production in an agroecosystem can only be achieved when:

a. The integrity of the natural resources is protected and harmonious interaction of humans and the agroecosystem is nurtured
b. External inputs are continuously used at constant levels
c. High yielding crops and crop yielding varieties at consistency used
d. Consumers’ demand for the products remains high

19. Some strategies in conserving the natural resources base include:

a. Low cropping intensity, high external input and monoculture
b. Integrated nutrient management, high cropping intensity and planting high yielding varieties
c. Improvement of water and nutrient use efficiency and enhancement of biodiversity
d. Nutrient cycling and monocropping

20. A phenomenon perceived to be a biochemical interaction among plants, which may contribute to greater competitiveness of crops over
coexisting weeds is called:
a. Allelopathy
b. Endotoxicity
c. Chemotoxicity
d. Biocontrol

21. The concept of multiple varieties of a crop in a farm is called:

a. Intercropping
 b. Strip cropping
c. Intraspecific diversity
d. Crop diversification

22. An example of an economically feasible water-conserving irrigation method that could substantially reduce the water requirement of
lowland rice.
a. Drip irrigation
b. Intermittent flooding
c. Overhead irrigation
d. Gravity irrigation

Factors Affecting Crop Production

1. The adverse effect of global warming and crop productivity is expected to be worse in the:
a. Temperate climate areas
b. Sub-tropical areas
c. Tropics
d. High elevation areas

2. Climatic element that determines crop growth and yield affecting various enzymes involved in dry matter production is
a. Temperate climate areas
b. Precipitation
c. Wind speed
d. Temperature

3. The type of crop to be grown and appropriate tillage practices is largely determined by this land attribute:
a. Topography
b. Structure
c. Type
d. Depth

4. The physiological response of crops to drought is usually similar to their response to:
a. Low solar reaction
b. Low temperature
c. Soil salinity
d. Acidity

5. Given favorable environment, superior crop genetic potential and adequate production inputs, crop yield would largely depend on:
a. The management capability of the farmer
b. Market demand
c. Competition among farmers
d. Availability of postharvest facilities

6. The yield of various field crops exposed to unreliable water supply usually drops significantly when drought occurs during’
a. Early vegetative stage
b. Mid-reproductive stage
c. Flowering stage
d. Mid-vegetative stage

7. An example of beneficial soil microorganisms with high capacity to increase soil nitrogen is:
a. Fungi
b. Azolla
c. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria
d. Protozoa

8. Rainfall data that are most meaningful in formulating appropriate cropping calendars are:
a. Annual rainfall data
b. Monthly rainfall data
c. Weekly rainfall data
d. Semi-annual rainfall data

9. Rice yield is often low when air temperature is abnormally high during
a. Tillage stage
b. Anthesis
c. Heading stage
d. Hard dough stage

10. The decomposition of organic matter under optimum temperature moisture and soil interaction is largely dependent on
a. The population of decomposers
b. Soil type
c. Crops being grown
d. Soil structure

11. Large-scale deforestation would eventually lead to global warming due to:
a. Reduction of vegetative cover of the earth
b. Reduction of sink for carbon dioxide
c. Direct exposure of forest soil to solar radiation
 d. Rapid drying of the soil

12. Selection indices for a rice variety suitable for planting in rain fed areas include:
a. Early maturity, high tillering, capacity, long roots and erect leaves
b. Medium tillering capacity, erect leaves, early maturity and long roots
c. Long and deep roots, medium tillering capacity, erect leaves and early maturity
d. Broad and erect leaves, medium tillering capacity and early maturity

13. High relative humidity may lead to:

a. Midday wilting
b. Floral sterility
c. High incidence of diseases
d. Delayed flowering

14. Bt corn, Bt cotton, Bt potato and Bt soybean are examples of:

a. Genetically modeled crops
b. Genetically modernized crops
c. Genetically modified crops
d. Genetically superior crops

15. Crops are likely to show significant reductions of biomass when exposed to heat stress are:
a. Subtropical species
b. Tropical species
c. Temperate species
d. Desert species

16. Climate, topography, El Niño, global warming and La Niña are factors affecting crop production are classified as:
a. Biotic or inanimate
b. Abiotic or animate
c. Abiotic and inanimate
d. Biotic or animate

17. Plants grow relatively well under drought condition usually have:
a. Long diagravitropic roots
b. Short orthogravitrophic roots
c. Long orthogravitrophic roots
d. Short diagravitropic roots

18. Rice yield in irrigated areas is usually higher during the dry season due to:
a. High temperature and more efficient interception of solar radiation
b. High solar radiation and more efficient use of nutrients
c. Optimum supply of water, nutrients, CO 2 and solar radiation
d. High solar radiation, high nutrient use efficiency and less incidence of pests

Crop Improvement and Seed Selection

1. Phenotype refers to:

a. The breeding potential of a plant
b. The physical appearance of the plant
c. The genetic makeup of a plant
d. The chromosome content of a nucleus

2. Gene recombination occurs as a result of:

a. Vegetative propagation
b. Clonal propagation
c. Self-pollination of a pureline
d. Sexual reproduction

3. The breeding method, which may be involve bringing a species or variety into an area and using it without change or additional breeding
method is called:
a. Hybridization
b. Introduction
c. Pedigree selection
d. Pureline selection

4. Selfing leads to:

a. Heterosis
b. Homozygosity
c. Allelism
d. Increased productivity

5. Plant breeding is
a. More of selection than hybridization
b. More hybridization than selection
c. Equal selection and hybridization
d. More of evaluation of possible parents
6. In rice, the best time of the day to conduct emasculation is
a. In the morning
b. In the afternoon
c. At the noon time
d. Anytime of the day

7. Phenotype is determined by:

a. Genotype + environment
b. Environment + genotype x environment
c. Genotype + environment + genotype x environment
d. Genotype + environment x genotype

8. The agency involved in approving the release of recommended varieties in the Philippines
a. Philippine Seed Board (PSB)
b. National Seed Industry Country (NSIC)
c. Department of Agriculture (DA)
d. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)

9. Rice has how many anthers

a. 5 b. 11 c. 6 d. 15

10. In the point of view of a seed technologist, a seed has germinated:

a. When the radicle has emerged
b. When the plumule has emerged
c. When both the radicle and plumule has emerged
d. None of the above

11. A seed is considered alive in the tetrazolium test when:

a. Whole seed is stained
b. Radicle portion is not stained but the rest of the seed is
c. Plumule portion is not stained but the rest of the seed is
d. Half the seed is stained

12. Seeds, which can be dried to a low moisture level but cannot tolerate low temperature like coffee and papaya are considered:
a. Recalcitrant
b. Orthodox
c. Intermediate
d. Heterotic

13.Which of the following is an optional requirement for favorable seed germination?

a. Favorable temperature
b. 20% oxygen concentration
c. Light
d. Proper amount of water

14. The most favorable condition for orthodox seeds is:

a. Dry and cool condition
b. Dry and hot condition
c. Moist and cool condition
d. Moist and hot condition

15. Certified seeds are produced from:

a. Breeder seeds
b. Registered seeds
c. Foundation seeds
d. Good seeds

16. Seeds from fruit trees such as durian, mango and coconut are examples of:
a. Orthodox seeds
b. Recalcitrant seeds
c. Intermediate seeds
d. Dormant seeds

17. A process of nuclear division, in which the chromosomes are duplicated longitudinally, forming two daughter nuclei each having a
chromosome complement equal to that of the original nucleus.
a. Mitosis
b. Meiosis
c. Diakinesis
d. Metaphase

18. A process of two successive nuclear divisions in which the diploid chromosome number is reduced to haploid
a. Mitosis
b. Meiosis
c. Leptotene
d. Zygotene

19. The female floral organ of a flower is called:

a. Sepal
 b. Petals
c. Stamen
d. Pistil

20. Farmers are not advised to save seeds from hybrid cultivars for planting the following seasons because of:
a. Seeds will not germinate
b. Seeds will be susceptible to pest
c. Yield reduction due to segregation
d. Weight of seeds reduced

21. A good seed has the following qualities except:

a. High germination capacity
b. High physical purity
c. High moisture content
d. High vigor

22. The sum total of seed properties, which determine the potential for rapid uniform emergence and development of normal seedling under
adverse field condition, is referred to as:
a. Seed viability
b. Seed purity
c. Seed vigor
d. Seed health

Reproduction and Propagation

1. A seed may be classified as a true seed or a pseudo seed. A true seed germinates rapidly under favorable conditions and produces normal
seedlings. What are the characteristics of a true seed?
a. The seed is produced by an economic crop classified either as recalcitrant or orthodox
b. The seed has an endosperm and a living embryo
c. The seed is apomictic and capable of producing true to type plants
d. The seed has an embryo, an endosperm or storage part and a seed coat

2. Seed storability measures the ability of the seed to maintain their farm fresh integrity and viability. We always want to store seeds for a
longer period. One of the conditions below does not result to longer storage life.
a. Storage room has low temperature
b. Storage atmosphere has high Carbon dioxide and low oxygen
c. Orthodox seeds has higher moisture content and stored at low temperature
d. Seed has thick seed coat

3. Seed germination indicates the quality of seeds. Germination percentage is reduced when one of the following conditions occurs:
a. Seeds are germinated under dark conditions
b. Seeds are germinated in paper boxes
c. Seeds are pre-germinated in water and then sown in the field
d. Seeds are germinated in moist paper towels in the cabinet.

4. If higher seed-soil contact is to be achieved to increase seed germination, the following conditions should be met
a. Finer seeds have higher seed soil contact than bigger seeds
b. Seeds with textured seed coat has higher seed-soil contact than smooth textured seeds
c. Finer soil had higher contact with coarser soil particles
d. All of the above

5. Grafting is the joining together of two plant parts to produce a single plant. To ensure higher grafting success, the cambium of the stock
should be in intimate contact with the scion. This cannot be achieved in one of the following practices.
a. In cleft grafting the wedge cut in the scion should be smoother and about 2 cm long
b. In cleft grafting, the scion is larger than the rootstock
c. Side grafting when the stock is larger than the scion
d. Bark grafting, when the stock is larger than the scion

6. Higher cambial activity is necessary to ensure higher grafting success. This can be achieved by:
a. Use of more mature and larger stock
b. Grafting during the dry season when the scion has higher amount of organic materials
c. Grafting when the stock has been subjected to stress to increase hormone supply
d. Grafting a few weeks after the stock is irrigated and fertilized with nitrogenous fertilizer

7. Grafting is done to:

a. Accelerate crop improvement work by grafting seedling onto shoots of full grown trees
b. Reproduction of true to type clones
c. Produce disease free plants by budding indexed tissues onto test tube grown seedlings
d. All of the above

8. Layering is another asexual method of propagation and is defined as to rooting of stem while still attached to the parent plants. Highly
suitable condition is needed. High success is achieved when two of the following conditions are met:
a. Cambial layer should be removed and the ringed portion covered with medium
b. Stem should be etiolated or exposed to dark conditions
c. Stems should be generally larger and longer
d. Stem should be bend before marcotting
9. Techniques of layering differ and maybe applied depending on the three species, what technique is used when the base of stem attached to
the trunk is slowly covered with soil.
a. Trench layering
b. Mound layering
c. Serpentine layering
d. Air layering

10. Propagation by cuttings uses different types of cuttings. All cuttings collected from the upper portion of the shoot of woody plants are
called:
a. Harwood cuttings
b. Herbaceous cuttings
c. Softwood cuttings
d. Semi-hardwood cutting

11. Higher rooting in cuttings and more vigorous shoots can be achieved when:
a. Cuttings have higher nitrogen and lower carbohydrates
b. Cuttings have higher nitrogen and higher carbohydrates
c. Cutting have lower nitrogen and lower carbohydrates
d. Cuttings have lower nitrogen and higher carbohydrates

12. Maintaining the farm fresh integrity of the cuttings is one of the conditions favorable to rooting. We achieved this.
a. When cutting are placed under mist bed
b. When cuttings are placed in plastic tunnel
c. When semi-hardwood cuttings are defoliated
d. All of the above

13. One application of grafting is in top working, which is done to:

a. Rejuvenate the plants
b. Repair damaged tissues in plants
c. Control diseases
d. Change existing variety of plants

14. One of the techniques of budding used when bark of scion adheres firmly with the wood is:
a. Chip budding
b. Patch budding
c. Shield budding
d. T-budding

15. Ginger can be propagated using modified structure. In Horticulture term, its part used to propagation is called:
a. Tuber
b. Rhizome
c. Corm
d. Clove

16. Tissue culture is based on totipotency. This phenomenon refers to:

a. Ability of the cell to differentiate to produce a plant
b. Ability of the cell to produce hormones
c. Ability of the cell to divide
d. All of the above

17. Successful grafting can be achieved:

a. Intimate contact between cambium of stock and scion (A) formation of new cambium (B), formation of new callus (C), then formation of
vascular connection (D).
b. A then C then B then D
c. C then A then D then B
d. B then A then D then C

18. Enclosing scion with plastic bags is done to:

a. Protect the scion against raindrops
b. Protect the scion against rain and water from wilting the graft union and causing rooting
c. Prevent evaporation of water
d. All of the above

Soil Management

1. The method of fertilizer application is one of the determinants of fertilizer use efficiency. To achieve this the fertilizer should be applied,
a. By broadcasting
b. By spot application
c. By applying it in shallow trenches
d. By side dressing

2. Tissue analysis is used to determine the nutrient status of the plants. Correct sampling of tissues always give reliable results. The most
common tissue used is:
a. Leaf b. Petiole c. Bark d. Root

3. One of the following nutrients is immobile in the plant

a. Nitrogen
 b. Potassium
c. Calcium
d. Phosphorus

4. Foliar application in plants is done in all except one of the following conditions:
a. When micronutrients are needed
b. When the fruit has the been quickly supplied with nutrients
c. When soil in which the plants are grown is acidic and phosphorus must be supplied
d. When 5% potassium must be supplied to flushing mango plants to increase potassium supply to the leaves.

5. Cropping system must be appropriately designed to achieve the following:

a. Enrich the soil with organic matter
b. Improved nutritional status of plants
c. Improved soil structure
d. All of the above

6. Multiple cropping is the planting of more crops per unit area. What advantage could be achieved through multiple cropping?
a. Increase yield per unit area
b. Enhance biodiversity
c. It increase use efficiency for nutrients and water
d. All of the above

7. Growing of crop in the same piece of land while another crop is to be harvested is referred to as:
a. Intercropping
b. Mixed intercropping
c. Crop rotation
d. Relay intercropping

8. Intercropping increases income and nutrient use efficiency. One of the following should not be considered in the practice of intercropping:
a. The intercrop should be a host to pest of the main crop
b. The intercrop should no compete with the main crop
c. Intercrop should not affect the harvesting of the main crop
d. The intercrop may be a non-legume of legume

9. One of the synthetic organic fertilizers that is used commercially. It is available and is a major source of nutrient. It is
a. Complete fertilizer
b. Urea
c. Ammonium sulfate
d. Super phosphate

10. In 14-14-14 fertilizer, 14 refers to:

a. Percentage of nutrient in the fertilizer
b. Amount of the fertilizer to be applied
c. Conversion of nutrient to fertilizer
d. Percent nutrient together with the carrier

11. How much ammonium sulfate (20% N) fertilizer will you apply per plant if the recommendation is to apply 10 g N per plant?
a. 50 g b. 30 g c. 100 g d. 20 g

12. Nutrient known to promote root growth

a. Nitrogen
b. Potassium
c. Boron
d. Phosphorus

13. One of the following is highly available in the soil under basic conditions
a. Phosphorus
b. Nitrogen
c. Magnesium
d. Iron

14. What do you expect when you increase organic matter of the soil
a. Decrease the amount of nitrogen to apply
b. Increase the amount of nitrogen to apply
c. Maintain the amount of nitrogen to apply
d. You don’t apply nitrogen

15. In leaves of many plants

a. N is higher than P than K
b. K is higher than P than N
c. K is higher than N than P
d. N is higher than K than P

16. In sandy soil you expect

a. Shorter intervals of fertilizer application
b. Higher amount of fertilizer and more frequent fertilization
c. Higher amount and less frequent fertilization
d. All of the above
17. Erosion control is achieved by terracing. Basically it is intended to:
a. Reduce Slope length
b. Reduce slope angle
c. Reduce slope length and angle
d. Reduce slope length and maintain slope angle

18. Mulching is the practice of placing biodegradable or non-biodegradable materials on soil surface to achieve the following but one purpose
is to
a. Conserve soil moisture
b. Maintain soil temperature
c. Control weeds
d. Improve soil depths

Water Management

1. Irrigation is determined by the ability of the soil to hold moisture, which is soil texture and depth. One of the following statements does not
truly water dynamics.
a. Sandy soil holds much water than clay loam soil
b. Clay loam water holds much water than salty loam soil
c. Sandy soils had higher water percolation
d. Deep soils can hold more water than shallow soils

2. Transpiration in plants increases the loss of water from the soil to the plant to the atmosphere. Transpiration increases when:
a. Atmospheric temperature is high
b. Atmospheric relative humidity is low
c. Wind velocity is high
d. All of the above

3. Water utilization at lower depths can be achieved under the following conditions:
a. Plants has more lateral roots
b. Plants has deeper roots
c. Growing environment is suitable to the plants
d. The soil is terraced to conserved soil moisture

4. To induce flowering of citrus by irrigation, the plants should be:

a. Irrigated continuously
b. Subjected to water stress not irrigated
c. Subjected to water stress and irrigated
d. All of the above

5. Gravimetric method is the determination of water by

a. Allowing water to flow to gravimetric meter
b. Getting fresh weight of water
c. Measuring the amount of water leached from the soil
d. Getting the dry weight and fresh weight of soil and getting percentage water therefrom

6. When soil appears to be dry and cannot be formed into a ball, the soil is:
a. Clayey
b. Sandy
c. Loamy
d. Clay loam

7. Soil at field capacity

a. Contains water at saturation
b. Contains water beyond saturation
c. Contains water after the excess is leached
d. Contains water similar to that of the field

8. Surface irrigation is typified by furrow irrigation. For water to be uniformly distributed in the field the furrow should be:
a. Wide and long
b. Narrow and long
c. Narrow and short
d. None of the above

9. Drainage can be achieved by

a. Raising the beds up to 30 cm
b. Cultivation
c. Sub soiling
d. All of the above

10. Poorly drained soil result in:

a. Increased Ethylene contain in the leaf resulting to yellowing and defoliation
b. Increase incidence of root diseases
c. Increase rooting intensity
d. All of the above
Site Selection

1. At relatively high wind velocity disease control can be achieved because:

a. The wind carries away the fungus causing diseases
b. The wind directly control the multiplication of fungus
c. The wind reduce relative humidity around the canopy
d. None of the above

2. At higher temperature, the tendency of the plant is to produce poor size fruits because the:
a. Fruit cannot get nutrient from the soil
b. Fruit is sunscald
c. Fruit matures even before it reaches full size
d. Fruit is affected by diseases, which occur at higher temperature

3. At low light intensity

a. Leaf tends to become thick
b. Leaf tends to become thin
c. Leaf tends to become more green
d. Leaf tends to bend

4. Coronas climatic classification is based on:

a. Amount of rainfall
b. Distribution of rainfall
c. Length of rainy days
d. Light intensity and rainfall

5. When climate is evenly distributed one of the following may not be achieved:
a. Flowering of seasonal fruit became erratic
b. Flowering of non-seasonal fruit will continue
c. Fruit quality will increase particularly of fleshy fruit
d. Fruit gap along the stem of papaya would be avoided

6. Exacting crops should be established in:

a. Poor site in good location
b. Good site in poor location
c. Good site in good location
d. B and C

7. Red soil has

a. Low pH
b. High iron concentration
c. Low phosphorus concentration
d. All of the above

8. In selecting the highly suitable sites for crop production the following should be considered:
a. Climate
b. Soil
c. Topography
d. Water availability
e. All of the above

9. When you go away from the equator

a. Difference between night and day decreases
b. Temperature is not affected
c. Day length is not affected
d. Temperature and day length variation increases
e. A and D

Plant Classification, Land Preparation, Planting, Special Practices and Post- harvest handling.

1. A system of plant classification, which is based on similarities of as many characters as possible and known genetic relationships.
a. Genetic system
b. Horticultural system
c. Agronomic system
d. Botanical system

2. All agricultural crops in the Philippines belong to:

a. Angiospermae
b. Gymnospermae
c. Spermatophytes
d. Thalophytes

3. In scientific name, Oryza sativa L., sativa is the:

a. Generic name
b. Species name
c. Common name
d. Family name

4. This is a system of classifying plants based on manner of culture, uses, life cycle and other convenient criteria.
a. Functional system
b. Botanical system
c. Morphological system
d. Genetic system

5. A group of horticultural crops that require primary processing before they can be sold and converted into usable and convertible forms.
a. Fruit crops
b. Vegetable crops
c. Plantation crops
d. Ornamental crops

6. In lowland rice production, land preparation requires puddling the soil in order to:
a. Increase water percolation
b. Destroy soil structure
c. Modify soil texture
d. Promote aeration

7. For upland crops, tilling the soil above field capacity will:
a. Promote soil compaction
b. Maintain soil structure
c. Improve soil aeration
d. Increase soil fertility

8. Both moldboard plow and disc plow are used in the preparation of:
a. Lowland
b. Upland
c. Both lowland and upland
d. Wetland

9. Shallow canals of specified distances where seeds or seedlings are to be planted are called:
a. Ridges
b. Furrows
c. Drainage canals
d. Irrigation canals

10. A method of planting in which the seeds are planted directly in the field.
a. Direct seeding
b. Indirect seeding
c. Transplanting
d. Pricking

11. Which of the following should be adopted in dealing with expensive seeds that are difficult to germinate?
a. Direct seeding
b. Transplanting
c. Pricking
d. Balling

12. A kind of triangle that is formed in the triangular system of planting

a. Isosceles
b. Right
c. Equilateral

13. Quincunx is a system of planting, which is also called:

a. Diagonal
b. Hexagonal
c. Rectangular
d. Triangular

14. The process of digging large seedling with a ball of soil intact and with minimum root disturbance is called:
a. Balling
b. Hardening
c. Blocking
d. Sub-soiling

15. The practice of gradually exposing the seedling to sunlight before field planting in order to minimize transplanting shocks is called:
a. Balling
b. Blocking
c. Hardening
d. Sun bleaching

16. A well-prepared upland soil should have:

a. Granular and friable structure
b. Zero-tillage
 c. High organic matter
d. Flat surface

17. Wider plant spacing is adopted when:

a. Soil fertility is low
b. Plants have erect growth habit
c. Plants have spreading growth habit
d. Plants are small

18. Direct seeding is commonly practiced in planting

a. Corn b. Mango c. Eggplant d. Tomato

19. Practices that are regularly done but are unique to a specific crop or groups of crops are called:
a. Common practices
b. Unique practices
c. Special practices
d. Extra practices

20. This refers to the practice of enclosing the fruits with suitable materials in order to protect the fruits
a. Fruit bagging
b. Fruit protection
c. Fruit wrapping
d. Fruit enclosing

21. The practice of growing a new crop out of shoots arising from the previous crop
a. Ratooning
b. Replanting
c. Rejuvenating
d. Regrowing

22. The process of providing support to viny plants to keep the stem leaves and fruits away from the soil and to allow better exposure to
sunlight.
a. Supporting
b. Trellising
c. Staking
d. Propping

23. This refers to the practice of removing unnecessary suckers from the base of banana to minimize competition among the remaining
suckers
a. Flower induction
b. Fruit induction
c. Flower thinning
d. Fruit thinning
e. Desuckering

24. One way of producing off season fruit is by:

a. Flower induction
b. Fruit induction
c. Flower thinning
d. Fruit thinning

25. This refers to the judicious removal of plant parts to attain specific purpose.
a. Thinning
b. Pruning
c. Training
d. Rejuvenating

26. Which of the following is not among the objectives of pruning:

a. To dwarfen the plants
b. To maintain desired canopy shape
c. To increase the volume of canopy
d. To rejuvenate an old tree

27. Crops that normally have short shelf- life due to rapid deterioration are called:
a. Durables
b. Semi-perishables
c. Perishables
d. Non-perishables

28. Crops that are considered durables includes:

a. Grain crops
b. Fruits
c. Vegetables
d. Recalcitrant seeds

29. A method of harvesting in which only matured or ripe fruits or pods are harvested is
a. Stripping
b. Tapping
 c. Tuxying
d. Priming

30. The process from extracting latex from a tree or fruit is called:
a. Tuxying
b. Tapping
c. Stripping
d. Priming

31. The process of separating cotton lint from the cottonseeds is called:
a. Ginning
b. Degumming
c. Retting
d. Stripping

32. Which of the following does not require threshing?

a. Rice
b. Corn
c. Mungbean
d. Soybean

33. Which of the following does not require shelling?

a. Rice
b. Corn
c. Mungbean
d. Soybean

34. The method of extracting fiber from abaca is done manually by:
a. Decortication
b. Retting
c. Tuxying
d. Hagutan method

35. Which of the following is not among the primary steps in harvesting coffee?
a. Depulping
b. Drying
c. Dehuling
d. Roasting

36. Which of the following require fermentation during primary processing?

a. Cotton
b. Cacao
c. Coconut
d. Abaca

37. Oleocellosis occurs when citrus fruit are harvested:

a. Early in the morning
b. Late in the morning
c. Early in the afternoon
d. Anytime of the day

38. For longer shelf life, perishables should not be stored under:
a. Low oxygen
b. Low temperature
c. Low relative humidity
d. High CO2
 CROP SCIENCE EXAM Part 2 (soft bound)
Set 4

1. The word cereal is derived from the name of the most important grain deity.
a. The Roman Goddess of Venus
b. The Roman Goddess of Ceres
c. The Roman Goddess of Soul
d. The Xeres God of Israel

2. The synonym of family Leguminoseae is

a. Fabreceae
b. Monocotyledonae
c. Convulvolaceae
d. Pedaliaceae

3. The botanical classification of agricultural crops using the scientific names is an accepted means of plant classification worldwide and who
is the scientist who found it.
a. Linnaeus
b. Leuwenhook
c. Louisky
d. Lovendorf

4. An example of pulse crop is

a. Cowpea
b. Squash
c. Tomato
d. Eggplant

5. Which is not under the family Leguminoseae?

a. Phaseolus lunatus
b. Vigna unguiculata
c. Lagenaria siceraria
d. Phaseolus vulgaris

6. Which does not belong to the group?

a. Centro
b. Sitrato
c. Stylo
d. Paragrass

7. Which is not the example of root crops?

a. Sweet potato
b. Arrow fruit
c. Potato
d. Cassava

8. Which of these crops can be classified as agronomic crops and horticultural crops based on their uses under Philippine condition?
a. Rice
b. Mungbean
c. Sorghum
d. Peanut

9. Analyze the statement

1. An example of family Cucurbitaceae are: a. M. charantia, b. C. sativum, c. C. lunatus.
2. 2. An example of family Leguminoseae are: a. A. hypgaea, b. Cojanus cajan, c. V. radiata
a. Statement 1 and 2 are correct
b. Statement 1 and 2 are not correct
c. Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is not correct
d. Statement 1 is not correct, but statement 2 is correct

10. Which among the crops does not fall under the family Solanaceae?
a. L. esculentum
b. C. annuum
c. S. melongena
d. P. lunatus

11. An example of small fruit is

a. Pineapple
b. Lanzones
c. Tamarand
d. Duhat

12. Which does not belong to the crop of forage crop?

a. R. cummunis
b. S. humilis
 c. M. artroporpureum
d. P. purpureum

13. Which does belong to Crucifer family?

a. B. junceae
b. B. seninsis
c. B. oleraceae
d. B. alba

14. The scientific name of bitter gourd is?

a. Momordica charantia
b. Luffa acutangula
c. Citrullus lunatus
d. Luffa cylindrical

15. The scientific name of watermelon

a. C. lunatus
b. S. edule
c. C. maxima
d. C. sativus

16. Momordica charantia and Sechium edule, are examples of the family
a. Cucurbitaceae
b. Malvaceae
c. Moringaceae
d. Compositae

17. The scientific name of Durian is

a. Durio zibethinus
b. Durio discolor
c. Artocarpus altilis
d. Averrhoa balimbi

18. The scientific name of mangosteen is

a. Garcinia mangostana
b. Durio discolor
c. Artocarpus altilis
d. Averrhoa balimbi

19. Mango’s scientific name is

a. Mangifera indica
b. Durio discolor
c. Artocarpus altilis
d. Averrhoa balimbi

20. The scientific name of lanzones is

a. Durio zibithinus
b. Durio discolor
c. Artocarpus altilis
d. Lansium domesticum

21. This is the scientific name of rambutan

a. Nephelium lappaceum
b. Durio discolor
c. Artocarpus altilis
d. Averrhoa balimbi

22. The scientific name of wheat is

a. Triticum eastivum
b. Zea mays
c. Oryza sativa
d. Sacchurum officinarum

23. Plants that grows in live trees or dead trunks but do not depend on them for water and nutrients
a. Epiphytes
b. Terrestrial
c. Xerophytes
d. Bryophytes

24. Pterocarpus indicus Willd, the Philippine National tree, represents a type of dry indehiscent fruit called
a. Achene
b. Nut
c. Schizocarp
d. Samara

25. Root hairs are uncutinized epidermal appendages located at the

a. Cell division region
b. Meristem region
 c. Cell maturation region
d. Cell elongation region that increase the water absorbing capacity of the roots

26. Which is not the characteristic of the dicotyledonous plants?

a. Netted venation
b. Tap root system
c. Floral parts in 5’s or multiples of 5
d. Distinct nodes and internodes

27. Mungifera indica L. our national fruit is what type of fleshy fruit?
a. Fibrous drupe
b. Fleshy drupe
c. Berry
d. Pepo

28. The increase in the girth of stem of dicotyledonous plants is due to the division of the meristematic tissue called:
a. Protoderm
b. Vascular cambium
c. Procambium
d. Apical meristem

29. Water is translocated from the basal part of the plant, the root, to the upper part of the stem, the leaves, the flowers or the fruit via two
members of the two members of the conducting tissue namely;
a. Vessel and sieve tubes
b. Tracheids and vessels
c. Tracheids and sieve tubes
d. Vessel and companion cell

30. A flower, that bears both the reproductive structures, the pistil and the stamen is called:
a. Complete
b. Determinate
c. Perfect
d. Essential

31. The enlarged fleshy fruit some plants like Daucus carota, Ipomea batatas, Raphanus sativus, etc. is example of modified root doing the
function
a. Water absorption
b. Food storage
c. Anchorage
d. All of these

32. Analyze the following statements:

1. The most colorful whorl of the flower is the petals and these attract insects for pollination
2. Flowers that are inconspicuous are provided with mechanism responsible for attracting insects called showy or brightly colored leaves

a. Statement 1 is correct or true and Statement 2 is incorrect or false

b. Statement 1 is incorrect or false and Statement 2 is correct or true
c. Both statements are correct or true
d. Both statements are incorrect or false

33. The most common cell and tissue in plant body is

a. Aerenchyma
b. Collencyma
c. Sclerenchyma
d. Parenchyma

34. The phloem tissue is found in the bark, which is composed of

a. Sieve tube, fibers parenchyma and companion cell
b. Tracheids, vessel, parenchyma and companion cell
c. Sieve tubes, parenchyma and fibers
d. Sieve tubes, companion cell, fibers and vessels used in transporting the photosynthetic

35. The structures in plant located either at the upper, lower or both, epidermis of the leaves responsible for the exchange of the gases
a. Root hair
b. Crystal
c. Stomata
d. Trichome

36. A type of sclerenchyma that is short and more or less cuboidal in shape that imparts gritty feelings when fruit containing them are eaten is
called:
a. Fibers
b. Strings
c. Sclereids
d. Tracheids

37. Provided with the tap root system in which the main root is capable of penetrating down the soil surface to seek the water level and this
explains why these plants are rather long lived. They are:
a. Ferns
 b. Dicots
c. Monocots
d. Mosses

38. The leaf is held to the stem by a petiole or leaflet to the rachis by a petiolelule, a solitary flower to the stem by a peduncle and a flower is a
cluster by:
a. Pedicel
b. Style
c. Filament
d. Receptacle

39. The main cell type and tissue type comprising the whole plant body that performs the function food production, storage and secretion is
a. Collenchyma
b. Clorenchyma
c. Parenchyma
d. Scherenchyma

40. The ultimate origin of all the primary tissues of the root and the stem is
a. Protoderm
b. Procambium
c. Ground meristem
d. Apical meristem

41. Stems of monocot plants are generally small compared to the dicot plants because of the absence of the meristematic primary tissue
called:
a. Cork cambium
b. Cortex
c. Phellogen
d. Vascular cambium

42. Kangkong, amplaya and camote tops are easily chewed because of the absence of supporting and strengthening tissues called:
a. Parenchyma
b. Chlorenchyma
c. Sclerenchyma
d. Sclereids

43. The smooth texture of the monocot stem is due to the absence of the porous swelling that facilitates gaseous exchange in this organ of the
plant. This structure is called:
a. Pneumatophore
b. Stoma
c. Lenticel
d. Cuticle

44. An indication that corm and rhizome are stems although they are generally below the ground is the presence of
a. Node and internode
b. Node and buds
c. Node and leaf sheath
d. Node and roots

45. Which is not a kind of parallel venation?

a. Veinlets run on the same direction as midrib
b. Veinlets form an angle with the midribs
c. Veinlets originates from a common point and project like the fingers of a palm
d. Veinlets are perpendicular to the midrib

46. A strengthening tissue present in the plant that can be extracted and can be transformed into economic products like rope, jute sack,
cotton balls or cloth is
a. Aerenchyma
b. Collenchyma
c. Sclereids

47. A condition exhibited by plants bearing; both pistillate and staminate flowers that may be derived from either lateral or terminal bud is
called:
a. Decisuous
b. Dioecious
c. Monoecious
d. Papillonaceous condition

48. In some plants like the Acacia trees, the outer covering specially of the older portion of the stem that breaks, separates and flakes off is the
a. Phellem
b. Cuticle
c. Phelloderm
d. Epidermis

49. Oryza sativa L., is the Filipino’s staple food and it represents a kind of indehiscent called:
a. Caryopsis
b. Samara
c. Shizocarp
 d. Achene

50. In coconut, Cocos nucifera L., the endosperm is classified into coconut meat and coconut water. Thhe botanical term for the ccoconut
meat is
a. Liquid endosperm
b. Solid endosperm
c. Endocarp
d. Mesocarp

51. Several plants have the characteristics of becoming leafless during a years growth. This plants that shed of their leaves are called:
a. Monoecious
b. Dioecious
c. Deciduous
d. Foliaceous

52. The pigment that is found in some plants that is soluble in water is known as
a. Anthocyanin
b. Carotene
c. Xanthophylls
d. Lycopene

53. The transformation of one plastid to another like the transformation of leucoplast to chloroplast is manifested in the following instances
a. Senescence of green leaf
b. Ripening of a fruit
c. Greening of a potato tuber
d. Abscission of leaf

54. Crystals are metabolic waste products of the cell that could not be excreted and therefore stored in an organelle called:
a. Golgi bodies
b. Microbodies
c. Vacuoles
d. Microtubules

55. Based on habits plants exists as trees, shrubs and vines. Vines cling to a support or crawl on the soil surface and could not attained a
vertical growth by itself because of the absence of
a. Permanernt
b. Secondary
c. Primary
d. Mechanical tissue

56. Corn or Zea mays L., is a monocot plant that uses its terminal bud for the formation of the staminate flower and lateral bud for the
formation of the pistillate flower. Such condition exhibited by this plant is known as
a. Dioecious
b. Determinate
c. Indeterminate
d. Monoecious condition

57. The plant that is considered the tree of life simply because of the many uses of its stem, leaves and fruits is
a. Oryza sativa
b. Zea mays L.
c. Cocos nucifera L.
d. Musa paradisiacal L.

58. The tissue found in the root but not in the stem is known as
a. Endodermis
b. Epidermis
c. Pericycle
d. Pith, which is the inner boundary line of the cortex

59. Analyze the following statements:

1. Terminal bud is necessary for the increase in the height of the plant as well as for fruit formation
2. Terminal bud is necessary for fruit formation only.

a. Both statements are true

b. Both statements are false
c. Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false
d. Statement 1 is false and statement 2 is true

60. Adjacent cell walls are cemented together by means of

a. Cell membrane
b. Plasma membrane
c. Middle lamella
d. Lipid membrane

61. Storage plastids store starch, oil and proteins and are called:
a. Aleuroplast
b. Amyloplast
 c. Elaioplast
d. Leucoplast

62. The meristematic tissue found in the periderm responsible for the production of corm and cork and the parenchyma is
a. Phellem
b. Phelloderm
c. Phellogen
d. Exocarp

63. There are meristems found in the apices of the stem and the root mainly responsible for the increase in length of this plant organ is
a. Secondary meristems
b. Lateral meristems
c. Intercalary meristems
d. Promeristems

64. Stamata is the avenue for the exchange of gases in the leaves. When these avenues are located on both epidermis of the leaves, they are
called:
a. Amphistomata
b. Epistomata
c. Hypostomata
d. Mesostomata

65. Photosynthesis occurs also in other organs of the plant as specialized function. A modified stem capable of food production is called:
a. Mesophyll
b. Cladophyll
c. Megaphyll
d. Chlorophyll

66. Branch roots or secondary roots are produced due to the division of a meristematic tissue called:
a. Pericycle
b. Hypocotyls
c. Radicle
d. Stele

67. Fruits are derived from one flower with several ovaries
a. Aggregate
b. Multiple
c. Simple
d. Accessory

68. Analyze the following statements:

1. Endospermic or albuminous seeds contain endosperm for food storage

2. Corn and rice are two plants, whose seeds are classified as non-endospermic or exalbuminous

a. Both statements are correct

b. Both statements are incorrect
c. Statement 1 is correct and statement 2 is incorrect
d. Statement 1 is incorrect and statement 2 is correct

69. There are several agents that transfer pollen grains to hasten fruit development. Some flowers are pollinated by bats and these flowers are
called:
a. Hydrophilous
b. Anemophilous
c. Entomophilous
d. Chiropterophilous

70. Apical dominance is a phenomenon wherein lateral buds are dormant in the presence of the terminal buds is affected by:
a. Ethylene
b. Gibberellins
c. Auxins
d. Cytokinins

71. Stomatal closure is not only due to deficiency of turgor pressure but also due to the action of hormones. It is affected by
a. Ethylene
b. Gibberillins
c. Cytokinins
d. Abscissic acid

72. Senescence is yellowing of leaves due to maturity and it is due to a hormone called:
a. Ethylene
b. Gibberillins
c. Cytokinins
d. Auxins

73. Short day plants are plants that bear flowers during the period of the year when nights are longer than daytime. The flowerinf of this kind of
plants id due to the action of the hormone
a. Auxin
 b. Abscissic acid
c. Ethylene
d. Cytokinins

74. The production of ethylene is due to the action of growth hormone known as
a. Gibberillins
b. Cytokinins
c. Auxins
d. Abscissin

75. Geotropism is response of the plants to gravity. This response is an effect of growth hormone called:
a. Auxin
b. Gibberillins
c. Cytokinins
d. Abscissic acid

76. Senescence is effected by ethylene but prevented by

a. Auxin
b. Cytokinins
c. Gibberillins
d. Abscissic acid

77. Storing matured fruits in plastic bags

a. Enhances
b. Delays
c. Stops
d. Prevents (repining of fruits

78. The foolish seedling growth is associated with what kind of growth hormone?
a. Auxins
b. Cytokinins
c. Gibberillins
d. Ethylene

79. If the flowering of the short day plants is controlled by a growth hormone. The flowering of the long day plants is likewise controlled by
growth hormones. The hormone responsible for this effect is
a. Auxins
b. Cytokinins
c. Gibberillins
d. Ethylene

80. Growth is also manifested in the increase in the girth of the trunk. This growth is due to the division of a meristematic tissue called:
a. Cork cambium
b. Vascular cambium
c. Protoderm
d. Ground meristem

81. Tissues at cell elongation region are

a. Protoderm, epidermis and cortex
b. Procambium, cortex and pith
c. Protoderm, ground meristem and procambium
d. Procambium, phloem and xylem

82. Cork cells are derived from the division of the tissue called:
a. Cortex
b. Cork cambium
c. Vascular cambium
d. Phloem

83. The grand phase of growth is known as

a. Logarithmic phase
b. Linear phase
c. Exponential phase
d. Declining phase

84. The tissue found only in the dicot but not in monocot root and stem as well dicot stem is
a. Cortex
b. Phellogen
c. Endodermis
d. Epidermis

85. Is an irreversible increase in the size of the organism

a. Development
b. Growth
c. Catabolism
d. Anabolism

86. This law states that additional farm inputs in excess of the required does not bring an increase in the amount of produce
 a. Limiting factors
b. Optima
c. Minimum
d. Diminishing returns

87. The hormone that inhibits organ formation is known as

a. Auxin
b. Gibberillin
c. Cytokinin
d. Ethylene

88. The appearance of plant with respect to a particular character

a. Genotype
b. Phenotype
c. Gametophyte
d. Ideotype

89. The genetic constitution of an individual

a. Genotype
b. Phenotype
c. Gametophyte
d. Ideotype

90. The observable variation present in a character in a population is called:

a. Phenotypic variation
b. Genotypic variation
c. Dominance variation
d. Environmental variation

91. The component of variation that is due to phenotypic differences among individuals within a population is called
a. Phenotypic variation
b. Genotypic variation
c. Population variation
d. Environmental variation

92. The differential performance of genotypes in different environment is termed as

a. Adaptation
b. GE interaction
c. Plant reaction
d. Adaptability

93. The ratio of genotypic variance to the total variance is termed as

a. Genetic advance
b. Heritability
c. Repeatability
d. Combining

94. Characters governs by several genes with small effects is known as

a. Qualitative
b. Quantitative
c. Dominant
d. Recessive characters

95. The phenomenon of a single major gene affecting more than one character is known as
a. Pleiotrophy
b. Penetranx
c. Expressivity
d. Isogenic

96. Modification in the expression of a dominant gene by another non-allelic dominant gene is known as:
a. Gene interaction
b. Gene action
c. Geneflow
d. Modifies

97. Bacillus thuringensis is

a. Bacterium
b. Fungi
c. Virus
d. All of the above, which is the major component of the microbial pesticides

98. Bt corn is a variety of corn where Bt gene has been inserted and make corn resistant to
a. Asiatic corn borer
b. Potato beetle
c. Cotton bollworm
d. Tobacco budworm

99. The first genetically modified food crop produced in developed countries due to its delayed ripening is
 a. Tomato
b. Eggplant
c. Watermelon
d. Soybean

100. The process of introducing recombinant DNA molecules into cells of ‫( ٭‬check)
a. DNA cloning
b. Transformation
c. Recombination
d. Introduction

101. Cells containing nucleus of one-specie but cytoplasm from both the parental species
a. Cybrids
b. Hybrids
c. Transgenic
d. Symmetric hybrids

102. A plant in which the gene has been transformed through genetic engineering is called:
a. Transgenic plants
b. Modified plants
c. Engineered plants
d. Biotech plants

103. The capacity of a cell cultured in vitro to generate into a plant

a. Potency
b. Totipotency
c. Sustainability
d. Culturability

104. Production of various organs such root, shoot, etc. from cells and tissue culture is known as
a. Organogenesis
b. Adventiseous
c. Megagametogenesis
d. Gametogenesis

105. The plant part to be cultured in vitro in known as:

a. Mother plant
b. Source plant
c. Explant
d. Stock plant

106. Removal of developing embryo from seed and its cultivation in vitro is called:
a. Ovule culture
b. Endosperm culture
c. Seed culture
d. Embryo cultures

107. The cultivation of apical meristems, particularly of shoot meristem is known as

a. Meristem tip culture
b. Root culture
c. Apiculture
d. Stem culture

108. Vegatative multiplication through meristem culture is known as:

a. Cloning
b. Mericloning
c. Shoot culture
d. Somacloning

109. The implantation of meristem to another plant to a plantlet or sterile plant in vitro
a. Grafting
b. Micrografting
c. Budding
d. Layering

110. This refers to a group of cells, tissues or plant derived from a single mother cell, tissue or plant through sexual means and is expected to be
genetically identical
a. Clone
b. Meristem
c. Bud
d. Scion

111. A group of substance whether natural or synthetic

a. Auxins
b. Cytokinins
c. Gibberillins
d. Vitamins
112. A standard procedure of testing whether plant or plant tissue carry known disease or not
a. Quarantine
b. Diagnoses
c. Disease tracing
d. Disease indexing

113. A substance whether natural or synthetic that can modify growth

a. Growth regulaator
b. Fertilizer
c. Nutrient media
d. Enhancer

114. A plant originating from a meristem or other organ isolated in vitro

a. Mericlone
b. Cyclone
c. Shoot
d. Protocorm

115. A clonal true-to type rapid propagation of plants in vitro is

a. Enculturation
b. Clonal propagation
c. Fertilization
d. Micropropagation

116. A sterile plant with a functional roots and shoots developed in vitro is
a. Seedling
b. Embryo
c. Plantlet
d. Radicle

117. This refers to the group of cells, which develops in an organ

a. Soomatic cells
b. Primordium
c. Callus
d. Cell culture

118. The increased genetic variability brought about by tissue culture is

a. Mutation
b. Genetic variation
c. Somaclonal variation
d. None of the above

119. Group of plant hormone that induces cell elongation and cell division
a. Gibberillins
b. Growth regulator
c. Vitamins
d. Trace elements

120. Any organic substance, which at low concentrations, promotes, inhibits or modifies growth
a. Hormone
b. Fertilizer
c. Enhancer
d. Modifier

121. Actively dividing non-organized tissues of undifferentiated and differentiated cells often developing from injury(wounding or in tissue
cultures.
a. Cellulose
b. Callus
c. Protocorm
d. Cell suspension

122. Organic compounds serving as a source of energy, including sugars, starches and cellulose.
a. Fertilizers
b. Carbohydrates
c. CO2
d. Hormone

123. The development of cells or tissues with a specific function and/ or the regeneration of organs or organ-like structure (shoots, roots, etc.)
or embryo
a. Differentiation
b. Development
c. Rejuvenation
d. Organogenesis

124. Is the phenomenon that, after a number of subcultures, cells can grow without the additional of hormones. Although this was originally
necessary
a. Habituation
b. Adaptation
 c. Acclimatization
d. Maturation

125. An undesirable phenomenon that sometimes develops in culture appearing as overly succulent, crisp, waterlogged or glassy tissues.
a. Vitification
b. Oxidation
c. Degredation
d. Retardation

126. Combining together a root stock and scion until they unite permanently
a. Marcotting
b. Layering
c. Grafting
d. Cutting

127. Example of plant propagated by root cutting

a. Onion
b. Okra
c. Guava
d. Eggplant

128. Air layering is also known as

a. Marcotting
b. Budding
c. Grafting
d. Inarching

129. In cleft grafting the wedge is located at the

a. Scion
b. Rootstock
c. Top of the scion
d. Above the scion

130. Inarching is also known as

a. Grafting by approach
b. Layering
c. Marcotting
d. Serpentine

131. Most tropical seed usually germinate in air containing

a. 50% O2
b. 55% O2
c. 40% O2
d. 20% O2

132. For rapid rate of multiplication the type of propagation generally practiced is
a. Micro propagation
b. Sexual
c. Asexual
d. Grafting

133. Method of plant propagation for discovery of new variety

a. Tissue propagation
b. Embryo propagation
c. Vegetatative propagation
d. Sexual propagation

134. The easiest method of artificial propagation

a. Marcotting
b. Inarching
c. Layering
d. Cutting

135. Type of germination when the cotyledon comes above the ground
a. Hypogeal
b. Epigeal
c. Hypo-epigeal
d. Exodermus

136. Term to describe the mucilage or waxy material around some seeds, which causes physical dormancy
a. Exodermus
b. Seed coat
c. Sacro-testa
d. Hypogeal

137. The treatment that removes the cell coat or alter it making it permeable to water
a. Scarification
b. Stratification
 c. Vernalization
d. Separation
138. The placement of seeds between layers of either moist, sand, soil or sawdust at high or low temperature so the action of water low and
high temperature will soften the seed coat.
a. Separation
b. Vernalization
c. Scarification
d. Stratification

139. Termed used to describe seeds of plants that could be kept viable for longer periods, provided they are properly dried and stored.
a. Recalcitrant
b. Foundation
c. Orthodox
d. Certified

140. Termed used to describe seeds of plants that could not be kept viable for a long time. It cannot withstand drying and should not permit to
dry out before planting.
a. Recalcitrant
b. Registered
c. Foundation
d. Orthodox

141. Another term for propagating materials

a. Vegetative
b. Sepaqration
c. Division
d. Propagules

142. Slender specialized aerial stem that grows horizontally along the ground from the leaf axil at the base or crown that produce roots and
leaf at the near tip
a. Sucker
b. Runner/stolon
c. Slip
d. Water sucker

143. Method of artificial vegetative propagation involving regeneration of severed plant parts (root, leaf or stem, from the parent plant).
a. Layering
b. Grafting
c. Budding
d. Cutting

144. The type of cuttings consist of leaf blade, petiole and short piece of the stem with an axillary bud
a. Stem cutting
b. Leaf
c. Leaf bud
d. Root

145. These are small suckers just emerging from an underground stem
a. Maiden
b. Water
c. Peepers
d. Sword

146. Type of grafting for overgrown stocks too large for other grafting operation
a. Saddle
b. Whip and tongue
c. Cleft
d. Bark

147. In grafting, when the wedge is made on the stock and the split on the scion the process is called:
a. Whip and tongue grafting
b. Bark grafting
c. Saddle grafting
d. Cleft grafting

148. These type of grafting allows bigger area of cambial contact between the rootstock and the scion, hence it heals quickly and makes a
very strong union.
a. Cleft grafting
b. Saddle grafting
c. Whip and tongue grafting
d. Bark grafting

149. A specialized form of grafting in which a single detached bud is used as the scion instead of the stem
a. Cleft
b. Saddle
c. Whip and tongue
d. Budding
150. Method of artificial vegetative propagation when the plant part to be rooted is still attached from the parent plant, which supplies the
nutrients and moisture while the parts is rooting.
a. Cutting
b. Grafting
c. Layering
d. Budding

151. This type of layering was originated by the Chinese centuries ago
a. Tip layering
b. Simple layering
c. Air layering
d. Mound layering

152. Method of artificial plant propagation when rootstock and scion are made to unite while both of them are still growing on their own roots.
a. Marcotting
b. Marching
c. Grafting
d. Layering

153. Sexual propagation is also known as:

a. Vegetative propagation
b. Tissue culture
c. Embryo culture
d. Seed propagation

154. Marcotting is a method of

a. Asexual propagation
b. Sexual propagation
c. Micro propagation
d. Vegetative propagation

155. Propagation, which preserve the characters of the parent plant

a. Sexual
b. Thinning
c. Asexual
d. Etiolation

156. A properly dried seed can be stored for longer duration with germination using this container
a. Paper bags
b. Sealed tin cans
c. Jute sack
d. Plastic sack

157. An example of recalcitrant seed

a. Tomato
b. Eggplant
c. Avocado
d. Star apple

158. It is not an example of classes of seed recognized by the Philippine Seed Certification scheme
a. Foundation seeds
b. Registered seed
c. Good seed
d. Certified seed

159. Cabbage, onion, carrots require

a. Vernalization
b. Rainfall
c. High temperature
d. Adequate amount of fertilizer for flower induction

160. An example of biennial vegetable crop is

a. Tomato
b. Onion
c. Eggplant
d. Squash

161. Which is not included as rogues in seed production?

a. Weeds
b. Plants that are genetically pure and conform with the standard of the variety intended for reproduction
c. Plants of another cultivars of the same species
d. Diseased plant of the same crop species

162. Theoreticallly, crops intended for seed production shall be harvested at the point of
a. Physiological maturity
b. When the fruits are very dry
c. When there is no rain
d. When sunlight is very intense so that seed quality is good
163. Under the Philippine condition, what character is not routinely analyzed in the seed testing laboratory to become a certified seed
a. Physical maturity
b. Germination
c. Incidence of seed borne diseases
d. Moisture content

164. The inability of the viable seed to germinate under favorable conditions
a. Seed dormancy
b. Vernalization
c. Fermentation
d. Quiescence

165. An example of monoecious plant

a. Corn
b. Beans
c. Eggplant
d. Tomato

166. The scientist who formulated the “Rule of Thumb” in seed storage is
a. Harrington
b. Taylor
c. Collin
d. Van Daar

167. Which is not recommended for treating seed dormancy?

a. Hydrochloric acid treatment
b. Hot treatment
c. Mechanical abrasion of seed coat
d. Treating of seeds using abscissic acid

168. The best seed storage temperature for orthodox seed at relatively low humidity is at
a. Below 00C
b. 15 0C
c. 20 0C
d. 25 0C

169. Which is not the member of the National Seed Industry Council (the former Philippine Seed board)?
a. Secretary of Agriculture
b. Bureau of Plant Industry
c. Crop Research Director, PCARRD
d. Bureau of Post harvest Research and Extension Director

170. Crops that normally produce quality seeds in temperate countries

a. Tomato
b. Cabbage
c. Eggplant
d. All of the above

171. The germination percentage of tomato after seed testing was 96%, therefore, the class of tomato seed is
a. Breeder seed
b. Foundation seed
c. Registered seed
d. Good seed

172. In purity analysis of the seeds, pure seed includes

a. Immature seeds
b. Seed like structures
c. Seed less than one haft in size of the seed currently analyzed
d. All of the above

173. What moisture content of seed inhibits insect activity or little insect activity?
a. 45-60%
b. 18-20%
c. Above 14% and below 45%
d. Below 8-9%

174. A white tag shall be attached to the bag of

a. Breeder seed
b. Foundation seed
c. Registered seed
d. Certified seed

175. An example of crop that needs light in order to germinate

a. Lettuce
b. Tomato
c. Eggplant
d. Mungbean
176. It is the removal of water from the soil through surface run-off by flow through the soil through underground spaces
a. Soil erosion
b. Soil drainage
c. Soil texture
d. None of the choices

177. This law changed the National Seed Industry Council to the Philippine Seed Board to the National Industry Seed Council as per Republic
Act No
a. RA 708 since March 27, 1992
b. RA 2000 since March 27, 1998
c. RA 7001 since March 27, 1994
d. RA 2000 since April 12, 1999

178. In seed production rouging should be done several times at different stages of crop development however, the best time is when the crop
is in
a. Vegetative stage
b. Full bloom
c. Maturity
d. Right after harvesting

179. The class of seed, which is considered the purest in terms of varietal purity is
a. Breeder seed
b. Foundation seed
c. Registered seed
d. Certified seed

180. The tilling of soil when it is saturated with water

a. Wet land or lowland preparation
b. Primary tillage preparation
c. Dry land or upland preparation
d. Zero tillage preparation

181. It refers to the traditional system, which begins with a primary tillage operation followed by several secondary operations
a. Zero tillage
b. Minimum tillage
c. Maximum or conventional tillage
d. Secondary tillage

182. Characteristics of a well prepared lowland field

a. It must be free of trash and vegetation to avoid interference with the seedling operation
b. It must contain sufficient moisture to germinate the seed and support subsequent growth
c. Weeds, rice straws and stubble, which had been tilled under are thoroughly decayed. The soil is well puddle and leveled for uniform
distribution of water
d. Low moisture content

183. A method of planting the seed at specified depth on top of furrows and with expectation of abundant rain
a. Surface or flat-bed planting
b. Ridge planting
c. List Planting
d. Hill planting

184. Method of raising rice seedling where pre-germinated are sown on cement or puddle soil covered with banana leaves or polyethylene
plastic sheet. The raised seedlings are ready for transplanting in 10-14 days
a. Wet bed method
b. Dapog method
c. Dry bed method
d. Seedbed method

185. A process done on the seedling, which is started at 7 to 10 days before transplanting in which the seedlings are exposed to full sunlight
and temporary wilting.
a. Transplanting shock
b. Hardening
c. Pricking
d. Blocking

186. A process done 7 to 10 days before the vegetable seedlings are transplanted in which the full depth of the soil is cut with knife into blocks
of about 5 cm X 5 cm to confine the roots in separate blocks
a. Pricking
b. Blocking
c. Hardening
d. Transplanting shock

187. A process of transferring the seedling from seed box to another seed boxes or container before they are brought to the field
a. Pricking
b. Hardening
c. Blocking
d. None of the above
188. Advantages of row planting over broadcasting
a. Uniform plant growth, distance between plants and reduced seeding rate
b. It increase seeding rate
c. Mutual shading
d. Increased competition of nutrients

189. What is the germination percentage of corn, if only 180 normal seed has germinated out of 200 seed sown?
a. 80%
b. 85%
c. 90%
d. 95%

190. The recommended seedling rate of peanut is 90 kg/ ha. How many kilograms of seed is needed if the germination test is only 80 percent?
a. 120.0
b. 112.5
c. 125.0
d. 128.5

191. Corn will be planted at spacing 75 cm, between rows and 50 cm between hills and will be maintained at 2 plants per hill. What is the plant
population per hectare?
a. 50,333
b. 51,333
c. 52,333
d. 53,333

192. A drill method of seeding mungbean would be followed with 30 seeds per linear meter and the row are spaced at 50 cm. How many
plants are there per hectare?
a. 60,000
b. 63,000
c. 66,000
d. 69,000

Note: there are mistakes on numbering in the soft bound from 183-190 (LACKING) consistent number was followed
-ANSWER KEY-
NOTE: SET 1- MISSING!

Crop Science Exam (Set 2) Sustainable Crop Production

1. A 11. D 21. D 1. B 11. B 21. D

2. B 12. C 22. C 2. C 12. A 22. B
3. C 13. B 23. C 3. D 13. C
4. D 14. D 24. C 4. A 14. A
5. B 15. C 25. B 5. D 15. C
6. D 16. C 26. B 6. C 16. D
7. C 17. D 27. A 7. B 17. B
8. D 18. B 28. B 8. B 18. A
9. A 19. B 29. D 9. B 19. C
10. A 20. D 30. C 10. B 20. A

Factors Affecting Crop Production Crop Improvement & Selection

1. C 11. B
2. D 12. C 1. B 11. A 21. C
3. A 13. C 2. D 12. C 22. A
4. C 14. C 3. B 13. A
5. A 15. C 4. B 14. A
6. A 16. C 5. A 15. B
7. B 17. C 6. A 16. B
8. C 18. C 7. C 17. B
9. B 8. B 18. B
10. A 9. C 19. D
10. C 20. C

Reproduction/Propagation Soil Management

1. D 11. B 1. B 11. A
2. C 12. D 2. A 12. D
3. A 13. A 3. C 13. C
4. B 14. B 4. D 14. C
5. B 15. B 5. D 15. A
6. D 16. D 6. B 16. B
7. D 17. B 7. D 17. C
8. A 18. D 8. A 18. A
9. C 9. B
10. C 10. A
Crop Science Exam (Set 3)

1. D 21. B 41. C 61. C 81. B

2. B 22. B/C 42. B 62. C 82. C
3. A 23. B 43. A 63. B 83. B
4. D 24. D 44. A 64. A 84. B
5. C 25. D 45. B 65. A 85. B
6. B 26. D 46. C 66. B 86. B
7. B 27. D 47. A 67. B 87. A
8. A 28. A 48. A 68. C 88. B
9. D 29. D 49. B 69. A 89. A
10. A 30. D 50. B 70. A 90. B
11. A 31. B 51. A 71. A 91. A
12. D 32. D 52. B 72. B 92. B
13. C 33. B 53. B 73. A 93. A
14. B 34. B 54. B 74. B 94. A
15. D 35. A 55. A 75. B 95. B
16. C 36. A 56. A 76. C 96. D
17. D 37. A 57. D 77. A 97. D
18. C 38. A 58. B 78. B 98. C
19. D 39. B 59. D 79. B 99. C
20. D 40. A 60. D 80. C 100. A

Crop Science Exam Set 3

(Water Management) Site Selection

1. A 6. B 1. C 6. C
2. B 7. C 2. C 7. D
3. B 8. D 3. A 8. D
4. C 9. D 4. D 9. E
5. D 10. B 5. A

Plant Classification, Land Prep, Planting, Special Practices &

Post Harvest Handling
1. D 11. C 21. A 31. A
2. A 12. A 22. B 32. B
3. B 13. A 23. E 33. A
4. A 14. A 24. A 34. D
5. C 15. C 25. B 35. D
6. B 16. A 26. C 36. B
7. A 17. C 27. C 37. A
8. B 18. A 28. A 38. C
9. A 19. C 29. D
10. B 20. A 30. B
 Crop Science Exam Part 2 (Soft bound 1) SET 4

1. B 21. A 41. D 61. D 81. C 101. A 121. B 141. B 161. A 181. C

2. A 22. A 42. C 62. C 82. B 102. A 122. A 142. D 162. C 182. B
3. A 23. A 43. C 63. D 83. B 103. C 123. A 143. C 163. A 183. B
4. A 24. D 44. A 64. A 84. C 104. D 124. B 144. C 164. A 184. B
5. A 25. C 45. C 65. B 85. B 105. A 125. C 145. D 165. A 185. B
6. D 26. D 46. D 66. A 86. D 106. B 126. C 146. C 166. D 186. A
7. C 27. B 47. C 67. A 87. B 107. B 127. A 147. C 167. A 187. A
8. B 28. B 48. A 68. C 88. A 108. A 128. A 148. D 168. D 188. C
9. A 29. B 49. A 69. D 89. A 109. B 129. A 149. C 169. B 189. C
10. D 30. C 50. B 70. C 90. A 110. D 130. D 150. C 170. D 190. D
11. A 31. B 51. C 71. D 91. B 111. A 131. C 151. B 171. A 191. D
12. A 32. C 52. A 72. A 92. B 112. D 132. D 152. D 172. D 192. A
13. D 33. D 53. C 73. B 93. B 113. D 133. D 153. A 173. A
14. A 34. A 54. C 74. C 94. B 114. C 134. B 154. C 174. A
15. C 35. C 55. D 75. D 95. A 115. C 135. C 155. B 175. A
16. A 36. C 56. D 76. B 96. A 116. B 136. A 156. C 176. A
17. A 37. B 57. C 77. A 97. A 117. C 137. D 157. C 177. B
18. A 38. A 58. A 78. C 98. A 118. A 138. C 158. A 178. A
19. A 39. C 59. C 79. C 99. A 119. A 139. A 159. B 179. A
20. D 40. D 60. C 80. B 100. B 120. B 140. D 160. B 180. C