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    Nuclear Stability Notes

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    HENRY MARTINEZ
    The document discusses nuclear stability and the band of stability for isotopes. [1] It notes that most elements have multiple isotopes and plots of protons vs neutrons show a band of stability where nuclei are most stable with equal protons and neutrons for lighter elements. [2] As elements get larger, they can stabilize more neutrons. [3] The band of stability shows which isotopes are stable based on their proton and neutron numbers.

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    Nuclear Stability Notes

    Uploaded by

    HENRY MARTINEZ
    50 views13 pages
    The document discusses nuclear stability and the band of stability for isotopes. [1] It notes that most elements have multiple isotopes and plots of protons vs neutrons show a band of stability where nuclei are most stable with equal protons and neutrons for lighter elements. [2] As elements get larger, they can stabilize more neutrons. [3] The band of stability shows which isotopes are stable based on their proton and neutron numbers.

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    The document discusses nuclear stability and the band of stability for isotopes. [1] It notes that most elements have multiple isotopes and plots of protons vs neutrons show a band of stability where nuclei are most stable with equal protons and neutrons for lighter elements. [2] As elements get larger, they can stabilize more neutrons. [3] The band of stability shows which isotopes are stable based on their proton and neutron numbers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    50 views13 pages

    Nuclear Stability Notes

    Uploaded by

    HENRY MARTINEZ
    The document discusses nuclear stability and the band of stability for isotopes. [1] It notes that most elements have multiple isotopes and plots of protons vs neutrons show a band of stability where nuclei are most stable with equal protons and neutrons for lighter elements. [2] As elements get larger, they can stabilize more neutrons. [3] The band of stability shows which isotopes are stable based on their proton and neutron numbers.

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    of 13

    Nuclear Stability

    Notes
    Sept. 28-29
    Summary
    Fill this out when you annotate your notes.
    Objective
    I can use isotope notation

    I can analyze and interpret data about the stability of isotopes.


    Essential Question
    What makes an isotope unstable?
    -Usually, what makes an isotope unstable is the large nucleus.
    Nuclear Stability
    ● Most elements have isotopes. When we plot protons vs. neutrons, we see an interesting plot. This plot is called
    the "Band of Stability."
    ● The plot shows that for elements up to Calcium (20 protons), nuclei are most stable when there are equal
    numbers of protons and neutrons.
    ● As atoms get larger, they can hold more neutrons.
    ● See what patterns you can find in this "Band of Stability" as you work through these slides:
    https://www-nds.iaea.org/relnsd/vcharthtml/VChartHTML.html

    Retrieved from: http://www.algebralab.org/practice/practice.aspx?file=Reading_TheBandOfStability.xml


    Exploring the Band of Stability:
    1. What do the black boxes on the graph mean? (Hint: The other colors
    represent unstable isotopes)

    2. Describe or draw the pattern that the black squares make:


    Exploring the Band of Stability
    1. If you click on a box, it will show you the isotope symbol. It will look
    something like this:
    Mass number

    Atomic number

    Label what you think each number means.


    Isotope Symbols
    Pick six of the black boxes and write their isotope symbols here:

    O N H
    16 21 3
    8 10 1

    C C N
    12 13 14
    6 6 6
    Isotope Symbol Meaning
    Protons and Element Name Isotope Symbol Stable or Unstable?
    Neutrons

    Protons = 12

    Mg
    Neutrons = 12 Magnesium 12
    12
    Protons = 60

    Nd
    Neutrons = 82 Neodymium 60
    82
    Protons = 77

    Ir
    Neutrons = 118 Iridium 77
    118
    Protons = 35
    Neutrons = 54
    35
    54
    Protons = 92

    U
    Neutrons = 146 Uranium 92
    146
    Protons = 6
    Protons = 6
    Stable Isotopes
    For stable isotopes, what do you notice about the relationship between protons
    and neutrons?

    -Stable nuclei generally have even numbers of both protons and neutrons and a neutron-to-proton ratio of at least 1.

    For unstable isotopes, what do you notice about the relationship between protons
    and neutrons?
    In some atoms the binding energy is not strong enough to hold the nucleus together, and the nuclei of these atoms are said
    to be unstable
    Band of Stability
    Which atoms are the farthest away from the black line in the band of stability?
    Why?

    How can there be different “versions” of the same element? What makes them
    different?

    -An element can have differing numbers of neutrons in its nucleus, but it always has the same number of protons.
    Band of Stability
    Carbon-14 is a radioactive form of a very common element. Its nucleus consists of
    6 protons and 8 neutrons. The most abundant and stable form of carbon,
    carbon-12, has 6 protons and 6 neutrons. Predict how many protons and neutrons
    Carbon-13 has.

    Protons: 6

    Neutrons: 7
    Special Thanks to:
    http://www.rocklin.k12.ca.us/staff/avrudny/Science/Chemistry/Unit_1/Band_of_
    Stability_KEY.pdf

    https://www-nds.iaea.org/relnsd/vcharthtml/VChartHTML.html

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