Thermofluids

Exit Review
ASHRAE MAPUA
 QUESTION 1

Which of the following thermodynamic cycle is the most

efficient?

a. Brayton c. Otto
b. Rankine d. Carnot

ANSWER: D
 QUESTION 2

This process occurs when a fluid flowing in a line suddenly

encounters a restriction in the flow passage.

a. Throttling Process c. Isopiestic Process

b. Isochoric Process d. Hyperbolic Process

ANSWER: A
 QUESTION 3

Avogadro’s number is the number of molecules in a gram-mole.

This constant is_____.

a. 6.05222x1023 c. 6.02252x1023
b. 6.20522x1023 d. 6.50222x1023

ANSWER: C
 QUESTION 4

What is the pressure obtained from a barometer?

a. Absolute pressure c.Vacuum pressure

b. Gage pressure d. Atmospheric pressure

ANSWER: D
 QUESTION 5

At 101.325 kPa, the boiling point of water is 100°C. If the

pressure is decreased, the boiling temperature will ______?

a. Increase c. Remain the same

b. Decrease d. Drop to zero

ANSWER: B
 QUESTION 6

It is the unavailability of a system or substance’s energy to do

work.

a. Potential Energy c. Entropy

b. Latent Energy d. Enthalpy

ANSWER: C
 QUESTION 7

When a first system is in thermal equilibrium with second system and also
separately in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then second and third
body will also be in thermal equilibrium with each other.

a. Zeroth law of thermodynamics c. Second law of thermodynamics

b. First law of thermodynamics d. Third law of thermodynamics

ANSWER: A
 QUESTION 8

Which of the following is not the universal gas constant?

a. 0.287 kJ/kmol-K c. 0.0821atm-L/mol-K

b. 8.314 kJ/kmol-K d. 1545 ft-lb/lbmol-R

ANSWER: A
 QUESTION 9

For fluid flow, the enthalpy is the sum of internal energy and
______.

a. Pressure c. Flow work

b.Volume d. Entropy

ANSWER: C
 QUESTION 10

In an Otto engine, the heat is added during the process of:

a. Isobaric c. Isothermal
b. Isochoric d. Isentropic

ANSWER: B
 QUESTION 11

Which of the following is not an absolute pressure?

a. 33.9 ft. H2O c. 760 torr

b. 29.92 in. Hg d. None

ANSWER: D
 QUESTION 12

What is true about the polytropic exponent n for a

perfect gas undergoing an isobaric process?
a. n > 0 c. n = ∞
b. n < 0 d. n = 0

ANSWER: C
 QUESTION 13

What should be the temperature of both water and

steam whenever they are present together?
a. 100°C
b. Boling point of water @ 101.325 Kpa
c. Superheated temperature of steam
d. Saturation temperature for the existing pressure

ANSWER: D
 QUESTION 14

What is the composition of air by volume?

a. 21% O2 & 79% N2 c. 23.1% O2 & 76.9% N2

b. 21% N2 & 79% O2 d. 23% O2 & 77% N2

ANSWER: A
 QUESTION 15

What is the area under the curve of a temperature-

entropy diagram?
a. Heat absorbed c. A & B
b. Heat rejected d. Work net

ANSWER: C
 QUESTION 16

It is a substance whose temperature is lower than the

saturation temperature corresponding to the given pressure.

a. Saturated substance c. Subcooled substance

b. Superheated substance d. Compressed substance

ANSWER: C
 QUESTION 17

If 1 m3 is equal to 1000 liters, what is the equivalent

value in ft3?
a. 3.7853 c. 10.7649
b. 7.4810 d. 35.3417

ANSWER: D
 QUESTION 18

When the expansion or compression of gas takes place

without transfer of heat to or from the gas, the process is
called?
a. Reversible c. Isometric
b. Adiabatic d. Polytropic

ANSWER: B
 QUESTION 19

Otto cycle consists of ______ processes.

a. 2 Isometric & Isentropic c. 2 Isobaric & Isentropic

b. 2 Isothermal & Isentropic d. 2 Hyperbolic & Isopiestic

ANSWER: A
 QUESTION 20

A thermodynamic process whose deviation from equilibrium

is infinitesimal at all times is called ____ process.

a. Reversible c. Quasi-static
b. Cyclic d. Irreversible

ANSWER: C
 QUESTION 1

The theoretical velocity generated by a 15 m hydraulic

head is _____.

a. 17.2 m/s c. 14.5 m/s

b. 31.1 m/s d. 14.9 m/s

ANSWER: A
 QUESTION 1

𝑣= 2𝑔ℎ
𝑚
𝑣 = 2(9.81 2 )(15 𝑚)
𝑠
𝑣 = 17.16
 QUESTION 2

What is the °API if the specific gravity at 15.6°C is 0.893?

a. 27.95°C c. 26.95°C
b. 29.95°C d. 28.95°C

ANSWER: C
 QUESTION 2

141.5
°𝐴𝑃𝐼 = − 131.5
𝑆. 𝐺. @ 15.6°𝐶

141.5
°𝐴𝑃𝐼 = − 131.5
0.893

°𝐴𝑃𝐼 = 26.95°𝐴𝑃𝐼
 QUESTION 3

The jet discharges water at the rate of 0.75 m3/s and a

speed of 27 m/s to a stationary plate. Determine the force
on the plate in kN.

a. 23.40 kN c. 21.00 kN
b. 20.25 kN d. 22.50 kN

ANSWER: B
 QUESTION 3

𝐹 = ρ𝑄𝑉
𝑘𝑔 𝑚3 𝑚
𝐹= 1000 3 × 0.75 × 27
𝑚 𝑠 𝑠
1 𝑘𝑁
𝐹 = 20,250 𝑁 ×
1000
𝐹 = 20.25 𝑘𝑁
 QUESTION 4

A water tank is 25 ft. wide, 15 ft. long, and 5 ft. high.

Calculate the pressure at the bottom of the tank.

a. 2.337 psi c. 2.167 psi

b. 3.733 psi d. 3.761 psi

ANSWER: C
 QUESTION 4

𝑃 = 𝛾ℎ
2
𝑙𝑏 1 𝑓𝑡
𝑃 = 62.4 3 5 𝑓𝑡
𝑓𝑡 12 𝑖𝑛

𝑃 = 2.167 psi
 QUESTION 5

A certain diesel engine takes in air at a pressure of 56.4 ft. H2O

and temperature of 98°F. It is subjected to a compression ratio of
22.What is the operating clearance in % ?

a. 4.95 % c. 4.55 %
b. 4.87 % d. 4.76 %

ANSWER: D
 QUESTION 5

1+𝑐
𝑟𝑘 =
𝑐

1+𝑐
22 =
𝑐

𝑐 = 0.0476 = 4.76%
 QUESTION 6

Steam flows into the turbine at a rate of 2 kg/s. However, 6 KW of heat are
lost from the turbine. If the enthalpy of entering and leaving steam is 2739.0
kJ/kg and 2300.5 kJ/kg, respectively, determine the power output from the
turbine in metric horsepower. Neglect elevation and kinetic energy effects.

a. 1183.8 PS c. 1167.6 PS
b. 1183.4 PS d. 1167.5 PS

ANSWER: B
 QUESTION 6

𝑊𝑇 = 𝑚 ℎ1 − ℎ2 − 𝑄
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝐽
𝑊𝑇 = 2 2739.0 − 2300.5 − 6 𝑘𝑊
𝑠 𝑘𝑔
1 𝑃𝑆
𝑊𝑇 = 871 𝑘𝑊 ×
0.736 𝑘𝑊

𝑊𝑇 = 1183.4 𝑃𝑆
 QUESTION 7

A spark ignition engine produces brake power of 224 kW while

using 0.0169 kg/s of fuel. The fuel has a higher heating value of
44,186 kJ/kg and the engine has a compression ration of 8. The
frictional power lost is found to be 22.4 kW. Determine the
indicated thermal efficiency
a. 33 % c. 55 %
b. 44 % d. 28 %
ANSWER: A
 QUESTION 7

𝑊𝑘𝑖 𝐹𝑃 + 𝐵𝑃
𝑒𝑖 = =
𝑄𝑎 𝑚𝑓 × 𝐻𝑉
22.4 𝑘𝑊 + 224 𝑘𝑊
𝑒𝑖 = × 100%
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝐽
0.0169 × 44,186
𝑠 𝑘𝑔
𝑒𝑖 = 33 %
 QUESTION 8

Calculate the logarithmic mean temperature difference for a

condenser if the temperature difference between the
condensing steam and water inlet is 650° and that steam
inlet and water is 100°C

a. 294°C c. 284°C
b. 264°C d. 274°C

ANSWER: A
 QUESTION 8

∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 − ∆𝑇𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷 =
∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥
ln( )
∆𝑇𝑚𝑖𝑛
650 − 100
𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷 =
650
ln( )
100

𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷 = 294°𝐶
 QUESTION 9

The compression ratio of an ideal Otto cycle is 6:1. Initial

conditions are 101.325 KPa and 20°C. Find the temperature at
the end of the adiabatic compression

a. 60 K c. 600 K
b. 600 °C d. 60 °C

ANSWER:C
 QUESTION 9

Given: rk =6; P=101.325 kPa; T1=20 deg C

Required:T2
𝑘−1
𝑇2 𝑉1 𝑉1
= ; 𝑟𝑘 =
𝑇1 𝑉2 𝑉2
𝑇2 = 𝑇1 𝑟𝑘𝑘−1
1.4−1
𝑇2 = 20°𝐶 + 273.15 6
𝑇2 = 600.28 𝐾
 QUESTION 10

What is the heat transfer in the glass surface area of 0.70 m2

having an inside temperature of 25°C and 13°C outside
temperature. The thickness of the glass surface is 0.007 m. The
thermal conductivity is 1.8 W/m-K.

a. 4.16 kW c. 3.16 kW
b. 2.16 kW d. 1.16 kW

ANSWER: B
 QUESTION 10

Given: A=0.70 m2;ΔT=25°C-13°C=12°C or 12K; x=0.007 m; k=1.8 W/m-K

Required: Q
𝑘𝐴Δ𝑇
𝑄=
𝑥
𝑊
1.8 (0.70 𝑚2 )(12 𝐾)
𝑄= 𝑚−𝐾
0.007 𝑚
𝑄 = 2160 𝑊 = 2.16 𝑘𝑊
 QUESTION 11

The 600 kg hammer of a pile driver is lifted 2 m above the piling

head. What is the change in potential energy? If the hammer is
released, what will be its velocity at the instant it strikes the filing?

a. 5.72 m/s c. 6.26 m/s

b. 7.20 m/s d. 9.91 m/s

ANSWER: C
 QUESTION 11

Given: m=600 kg; h= 2m

Required: v
Δ𝑃𝐸 = ΔKE
1
𝑚𝑔Δℎ = 𝑚(𝑣22 − 𝑣12 )
2
𝑚
𝑣= 2𝑔ℎ = 2 9.81 2𝑚
𝑠
𝑚
𝑣 = 6.26
𝑠
 QUESTION 12

Water is flowing in a pipe of varying cross-sectional area, and at

all points the water complete fills the pipe. The cross-sectional
area @ pt.1 is 8 m2 and the velocity is 7 m/s. Determine the
fluid’s velocity at pt. 2 where the cross-sectional area is 43 ft2
a. 4.3 m/s c. 15.0 m/s
b. 1.3 m/s d. 14.0 m/s

ANSWER: D
 QUESTION 12

𝑄1 = 𝑄2

𝐴1 𝑉1 = 𝐴2 𝑉2

2 𝑚
𝐴1 𝑉1 8𝑚 ×7
𝑉2 = = 𝑠
𝐴2 1 𝑚 2
43 𝑓𝑡 2 ×
3.281 𝑓𝑡 2

𝑉2 = 14.02 𝑚/𝑠
 QUESTION 13

A hose shoots water straight up for a distance of 3 m. The end

opening on the hose has an area of 0.95 cm2. How much water
will come out in 1.5 hours?

a. 1.31 m3 c. 3.93 m3
b. 2.62 m3 d. 5.25 m3

ANSWER: C
 QUESTION 13

𝑃𝐸𝑡𝑜𝑝 = 𝐾𝐸𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚
1
𝑚𝑔ℎ = 𝑚𝑣 2
2
𝑚 𝑚
𝑣= 2𝑔ℎ = 2 9.81 2 3 𝑚 = 7.67
𝑠 𝑠

2
1 𝑚 𝑚 3600 𝑠
𝑄 = 𝐴𝑉 = 0.95 𝑐𝑚2 × 7.67 1.5 ℎ𝑟𝑠
100 𝑐𝑚2 𝑠 1 ℎ𝑟

𝑄 = 3.93 m3
 QUESTION 14

In a diesel cycle, what is the expansion ratio if the %clearance is

1/15 and the cut off ratio is 2.73?

a. 5.86 c. 5.46
b. 5.76 d. 5.56

ANSWER: A
 QUESTION 14

1+𝑐 𝑟𝑘 = 𝑟𝑒 𝑟𝑐
𝑟𝑘 =
𝑐 𝑟𝑘
𝑟𝑒 =
1 𝑟𝑐
1+
𝑟𝑘 = 15
1
15 𝒓𝒆 = 𝟓. 𝟖𝟔

𝑟𝑘 = 16
 QUESTION 15

A fluid in the manometer tube is 60% water and 40% alcohol

(S.G.=0.8). What is the manometer fluid height difference if a 12.8
psi pressure is applied across the two ends of a manometer?

a. 36.9 in c. 35.2 in
b. 443.1in d. 316.7 in

ANSWER: B
 QUESTION 15

∆𝑃 = 𝑆. 𝐺. 𝛾𝑤 ℎ
𝑙𝑏𝑓 2
12 𝑖𝑛
∆𝑃 12.8 2 × 12 𝑖𝑛
𝑖𝑛 1 𝑓𝑡
ℎ= = ×
𝑆. 𝐺. 𝛾𝑤 𝑙𝑏𝑓 1 𝑓𝑡
0.8 × 62.4 3
𝑓𝑡
ℎ = 443.1 𝑖𝑛.
 QUESTION 1

An engine uses 2 gallons of gasoline per hour. Gasoline has a

heating value of 20000 BTU/lbm and a specific gravity of 0.80.
What is amount of heat rate generated the engine?

𝐵𝑡𝑢
ANSWER: 266,920
ℎ𝑟
 QUESTION 1
𝑔𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑡 3 𝑓𝑡 3 𝐵𝑡𝑢
Given:𝑣ሶ = 2 ℎ𝑟 × 7.481 𝑔𝑎𝑙 = 0.267 ℎ𝑟 ; 𝑄 = 20000 𝑙𝑏𝑚 ; 𝑆𝐺 = 0.8
𝑊 =?
𝑚𝑓
𝜌𝑓 = = 𝑆𝐺 𝜌𝐻2 𝑂 ; mf: fuel consumed
𝑣ሶ

𝑓𝑡 3 𝑙𝑏 𝑙𝑏𝑠
𝑚𝑓 = 𝑣ሶ 𝑆𝐺 𝜌𝐻2 𝑂 = 0.267 0.8 62.4 3 = 13.346
ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡 ℎ𝑟

𝑙𝑏𝑠 𝐵𝑡𝑢 𝑩𝒕𝒖

𝑄ሶ = 𝑚𝑄
ሶ = 13.346 20000 = 𝟐𝟔𝟔, 𝟗𝟐𝟎
ℎ𝑟 𝑙𝑏 𝒉𝒓
 QUESTION 2

A group of 50 persons attended a secret meeting in a room

which is 12 meters wide by 10 meters long and a ceiling of 3
meters. The room is completely sealed off and insulated. Each
person gives off 150 kcal per hour of heat and occupies a volume
of 0.2 cubic meter. The room has an initial pressure of 101.3 kPa
and temperature of 16 deg C. Calculate the room temperature
after 10 minutes in °C.

ANSWER: 33.1°C
 QUESTION 2
Given:
Q=150 kcal/hr per person; P1=101.3 kPa;
Vroom=12 m x 10m x 3m- 360 m3 ; T1=16 deg C;
Vair=360m3 –(0.2m3)*50=350 m3; t=10 mins
Required: T2 at deg C
𝑄 = 𝑚𝑐𝑣 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 ); 𝐶𝑣 = 0.1714 𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙/𝑘𝑔𝐾

𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙 (1 ℎ𝑟) 10 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑠

𝑄 = 50 150 = 1250 𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙
ℎ𝑟 60 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑠

𝑝1 𝑉 101.3 𝑘𝑃𝑎 350 𝑚3

𝑚= = = 427.34 𝑘𝑔
𝑅𝑇1 𝑘𝑃𝑎 𝑚3
0.2871 16°𝐶 + 273.15 𝐾
𝑘𝑔 𝐾
𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙
1250 𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 427.34 𝑘𝑔 0.1714 𝑇2 − 16 + 273.15
𝑘𝑔𝐾

𝑇2 = 306.1 𝐾 − 273.15

𝑻𝟐 = 𝟑𝟑. 𝟏 °𝑪
 QUESTION 3

A centrifugal compressor handles 300 cu ft per minute of air at

14.7 psia and 80°F. The air is compressed to 30 psia. The initial
speed is 35 fps and the final speed is 170 fps. If the compression is
polytropic with n = 1.32, what is the amount of heat rate in
Btu/min?

ANSWER: -96.4 Btu/min

 QUESTION 3
Given:
𝑣ሶ1 =300 cu. ft./min 𝑣1 =35 ft/s
𝑃1 =14.7 psia 𝑣2 =170 ft/s
𝑇1 =80 deg F+460=540 R n=1.32
ሶ 𝑄ሶ = 𝑚𝑐𝑛 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 )
𝑄=?;
Solution:
2
𝑙𝑏 𝑓𝑡 3 12 𝑖𝑛
14.7 2 300 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑝1 𝑉1 𝑖𝑛 1 𝑓𝑡 𝑙𝑏
𝑚= = = 22.05
𝑅𝑇1 𝑙𝑏𝑓𝑡 𝑚𝑖𝑛
53.34 (540 𝑅)
𝑙𝑏 𝑅
 QUESTION 3
Cont. soln.
𝑛−1 1.32−1
𝑃2 𝑛 𝑃2 1.32
𝑇2 = 𝑇1 = 540 𝑅 = 641.9 𝑅
𝑃1 14.7 𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑎

𝑘−𝑛 1.4 − 1.32 𝐵𝑡𝑢

𝑐𝑛 = 𝑐𝑣 = 0.171 = −0.0429
1−𝑛 1 − 1.32 𝑙𝑏𝑅

𝑙𝑏
𝑄ሶ = 𝑚𝑐𝑛 𝑇2 − 𝑇1 = 22.05 641.9 𝑅 − 540 𝑅
𝑚𝑖𝑛

𝑸ሶ = −𝟗𝟔. 𝟒 𝑩𝒕𝒖/𝒎𝒊𝒏
 QUESTION 4

The % clearance of an Otto cycle is 0.161. If the initial

pressure is 40 kPag, determine the final pressure.

ANSWER: 2,405.02 kPa

 QUESTION 4

𝑘−1
𝑘−1 𝑘
𝑇2 𝑉1 𝑃2 𝑉1
= = ; but = 𝑟𝑘
𝑇1 𝑉2 𝑃1 𝑉2

1+𝑐
𝑟𝑘 =
𝑐
1.4−1
1.4−1 1.4
1 + 0.161 𝑃2
=
0.161 50 𝑘𝑃𝑎𝑔 + 101.325 𝑘𝑃𝑎

𝑃2 = 2405.02 𝑘𝑃𝑎
 QUESTION 5

An ore sample weighs 25N in air. When the sample is

suspended by a light chord and totally immersed in water,
the tension in the cord is 13.04N. Find the total volume of
the sample.

−3 3
ANSWER: 1.219 × 10 𝑚
 QUESTION 5 T

𝐹𝑏 + 𝑇 = 𝑊 Fb
𝐹𝑏 = 𝑇 − 𝑊 = 25 𝑁 − 13.04 𝑁 = 11.96 𝑁

𝐹𝑏 = 𝜌𝑔𝑉𝑑
W
𝑘𝑔 · 𝑚
𝐹𝑏 11.96
𝑉𝑑 = = 𝑠2
𝜌𝑔 𝑘𝑔
1000 3 × 9.81 𝑚/𝑠 2
𝑚

𝑉𝑑 = 1.219 × 10−3 𝑚3
 QUESTION 6

Determine the diameter of a spherical balloon required to

lift a payload of 1250 kg. The gas to be used is helium at
101.325 kPa and 25°C. The surrounding air is 101.325 kPa
and 10°C.

ANSWER: 13.01 m
 QUESTION 6
𝑊𝑃𝐿 + 𝑊𝐻𝑒 = 𝐹𝐵
𝑃𝑉
𝑚𝑃𝐿 𝑔 + 𝑚𝐻𝑒 𝑔 = 𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑟 𝑔; 𝑚 =
𝑅𝑇

𝑉 = 𝑉𝐻𝑒 = 𝑉𝑎𝑖𝑟

(101.325 𝑘𝑃𝑎)(𝑉) (101.325 𝑘𝑃𝑎)(𝑉)

1250 𝑘𝑔 + =
8.31451 𝑘𝐽Τ𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 𝐾 𝑘𝐽
( )(25°𝐶 + 273 𝐾) (0.287 )(10°𝐶 + 273 𝐾)
4 𝑘𝐽Τ𝑘𝑔𝑚 · 𝐾 𝑘𝑔𝑚 · 𝐾

1 3
3
𝑉 = 1153.20 𝑚 = 𝜋𝐷
6

𝐷 = 13.01 𝑚
 QUESTION 7

A submarine is 120m long. The shape of its hull is roughly

cylindrical with a diameter of 20m. When it is submerged, it
cruises at a speed of about 40 m/s. Determine the
Reynolds number if the viscosity is 0.0030 Pa· s.

6
ANSWER: 160 × 10
 QUESTION 7
𝜌𝑉𝐷
𝑅𝑒 =
𝜇
𝑘𝑔 𝑚
1000 3 × 40 × 20 𝑚
𝑚 𝑠
𝑅𝑒 =
0.0030 𝑃𝑎 · 𝑠

𝑅𝑒 = 160 × 106
 QUESTION 8

The thermal conductivity of a fluid is 0.095 BTU/ft-h-°F.

It has a kinematic viscosity of 0.0410 ft2/hr. If the density
and specific heat at constant pressure are 51.3 lbm/ft3
and 0.398 BTU/lb-°F, determine the Prandtl number.

ANSWER: 8.81
 QUESTION 8
𝜇𝑑 𝐶𝑝
𝑃𝑟 =
𝑘
𝜇𝑑
𝜇𝑘 =
𝜌

𝑓𝑡 2 𝑙𝑏𝑚 𝐵𝑇𝑈
𝜇𝑘 𝜌𝐶𝑝 0.0410 × 51.3 × 0.398
ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡 3 𝑙𝑏 · °𝐹
𝑃𝑟 = =
𝑘 𝐵𝑇𝑈
0.095
𝑓𝑡 · ℎ · °𝐹

𝑃𝑟 = 8.81
 QUESTION 9

An engine has an efficiency of 35%. It uses 4 gallons of

gasoline per hour. The heating value is 20,500 BTU/lbm
and the specific gravity is 0.80. Determine the power
output of the engine

ANSWER: 56.125 kW
 QUESTION 9

𝑊𝑘 𝑊𝑘
𝑒= =
𝑄𝑎 𝑚𝑓 × 𝐻𝐻𝑉

𝑔𝑎𝑙 1 𝑓𝑡 3 𝑙𝑏 𝑙𝑏
𝑚𝑓 = 4 × × 0.80 62.4 3 = 26.692
ℎ𝑟 7.481 𝑔𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑡 ℎ𝑟

𝑙𝑏 𝐵𝑇𝑈 1.055 𝑘𝐽 1 ℎ𝑟
𝑄𝑎 = 26.692 × 20,500 × × = 160.356 𝑘𝑊
ℎ𝑟 𝑙𝑏 1 𝐵𝑇𝑈 3600 𝑠

𝑊𝑘 = 0.35 160.356 𝑘𝑊

𝑊𝑘 = 56.125 𝑘𝑊
 QUESTION 10
In an oil refinery, cylindrical tank of 18 m in diameter and 17 m in height is
used to store crude oil. A process technician notes down the following
data:
Time: 7 AM Oil level in the tank: 7 m
Flowmeter reading (inlet): 7,057 L/min
Flowmeter reading (outlet): 297 m3/hr

Assuming steady flow, Estimate the level inside the oil tank at 9 AM

ANSWER: 7.994 m
 QUESTION 10

𝐿 1 𝑚3 60 𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑚3
𝑄𝑖𝑛 = 7,057 × × = 423.42
𝑚𝑖𝑛 1000 𝐿 1 ℎ𝑟 ℎ𝑟
𝑚3
𝑄𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 297
ℎ𝑟
𝑚3 𝑚3 𝑚3
∆𝑄 = 423.42 − 297 = 126.42
ℎ𝑟 ℎ𝑟 ℎ𝑟
𝑚3
𝑉= 126.42 ℎ𝑟 × 9 − 7 ℎ𝑟 = 252.84 m3
 QUESTION 10

𝜋 2 𝜋
𝐴 = 𝑑 = (18 𝑚)2 = 254.4690 𝑚2
4 4
𝑉 252.84 𝑚3
𝐻𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 = = 2
= 0.994 𝑚
𝐴 254.4690 𝑚
𝐻@9𝐴𝑀 = 7 m + 0.994 m

𝐻@9𝐴𝑀 = 7.994 m