Republic of the Philippines

CEBU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

CTU-Main Campus
Corner M.J. Cuenco Avenue and R. Palma St., Cebu City
url: http://www.ctu.edu.ph e-mail: information@ctu.edu.ph
Tel. No. (032) 505-9963

Name: Fatima Grace C. Congson Instructor: Mrs. Rea Mea P. Pino

Course, Year & Section: BTVTED 4-4 Date: October 14, 2021

LEARNING ENHANCEMENT 2

1. On which philosophical foundations is reflective teaching grounded? I. Plato's contemplation of

eternal truths II. Aristotle's basin method of inquiry III. Rationalist's superiority of reason 
a) I, II and III
b) II and III
c) I and III
d) I and II
Correct answer
I, II and III

 The philosophical foundation of curriculum helps determine the driving purpose of

education, as well as the roles of the various participants. While all foundations propose to set
goals of curriculum, philosophy presents the manner of thinking from which those goals are
created.
 Reflective teaching involves  examining one's underlying beliefs about teaching and
learning and one's alignment with actual classroom practice before, during and after a
course is taught. When teaching reflectively, instructors think critically about their teaching and
look for evidence of effective teaching.
 Platonic Idealism : Eternal truths exist in the realm of Ideas ("Idealism" = "Ideas") rather than
in what we would call the natural, physical world. Every person you see and spend time with
will someday die, but the concept or idea of “person” is unchanging or (relatively) eternal.
 For Aristotle the Ethics itself, being a political treatise (1094b11), is an exercise of the practical
intellect. His inquiry is directed to finding out how happiness can be achieved.
Aristotle's inductive-deductive method  used inductions from observations to infer general
principles, deductions from those principles to check against further observations, and more
cycles of induction and deduction to continue the advance of knowledge.
 The superiority of reason thesis has the following rationale, '"The knowledge we gain in
subject area S by intuition and deduction or have innately been superior to any knowledge
gained by sense experience". In other words, this thesis claims reason is superior to experience
as a source for knowledge.
2. Which domain in the National Competency - Based Standard (NCBTS) uphold gender sensitivity? 

a) Social Regard for learning

b) Learning Environment
c) Diversity of Learners
d) Community Linkages'
Correct answer
Learning Environment

 Learning Environment : This domain refers to the importance of

proving a social, psychological and physical environment.
 Community Linkages : This domain refers to the ideal that classroom
activities are meaningfully linked to the experiences and aspirations of
the learners in their homes and communities.
 Social Regard for Learning : This domain refers to the ideal of the
teachers that serve as positive and powerful role models of the value in
the pursuit of different efforts to learn.
 Diversity of Learners : This domain refers to the domain that
emphasizes the ideals of the teachers that can facilitate the learning
process even with diverse learners, by recognizing and respecting
individual differences.
 
3. Specialization is knowing more and more about less and less". Then it is better to be a generalist,
claims Teacher Lani. On which philosophy does Teacher Lani lean? 

a) Perennialism
b) Progressivism
c) Essentialism
d) Existentialism
Correct answer
Perennialism
 
  Philosophy of education is the branch of applied or practical philosophy
concerned with the nature and aims of education and the philosophical problems
arising from educational theory and practice.
 Perennialists believe that the focus of education should be the ideas that have
lasted over centuries. They believe the ideas are as relevant and meaningful today as
when they were written. They recommend that students learn from reading and
analyzing the works by history's finest thinkers and writers.
 Progressivists  believe that individuality, progress, and change are fundamental to
one's education. Believing that people learn best from what they consider most
relevant to their lives, progressivists center their curricula on the needs, experiences,
interests, and abilities of students.
 Essentialism in education asserts that common and essential ideas and skills
belonging to a certain culture should be taught to all citizens at the same level at
especially primary school level. To do this, the teacher's authority in the classroom is
emphasized and the subject matter is the center of the curriculum.
 Existentialists believe that every individual is unique and education must cater to
the individual differences. Therefore, the objective of education is to enable every
individual to develop his unique qualities, to harness his potentialities and cultivate his
individualities.

4. To which philosophy does Group 5 adhere? 

a) Essentialism
b) Perennialism
c) Progressivism
d) Reconstructionism
Correct answer
Reconstructionism

 Progressivism. Progressivists believe that education should focus on the

whole child, rather than on the content or the teacher. This educational
philosophy stresses that students should test ideas by active experimentation.
Learning is rooted in the questions of learners that arise through experiencing
the world.
 Social reconstructionism is a philosophy that emphasizes the addressing of
social questions and a quest to create a better society and worldwide
democracy. Reconstructionist educators focus on a curriculum that highlights
social reform as the aim of education.

5. When we teach our objections to fatalism and determinism, our thought goes with _______. 
a) Existentialism
b) Stoicism
c) Skepticism
d) Humanism
Correct answer
Existentialism
 

 Fatalism is the theory that there is some destiny that we cannot avoid, although
we are able to take different paths up to this destiny. Determinism, however,
is the theory that the entire path of our life is decided by earlier events and actions.
 The founder of Stoicism defended an education of substance and not of form,
where the disciple had to learn to think well, to live well and to feel good instead
of accumulating a mass of useless knowledge. To this end, Socratic dialectics and
logic were of particular interest to Zeno.
 Skepticism (or Scepticism in the UK spelling) is a Hellenistic school of
philosophy. At its simplest, Skepticism holds that one should refrain from making
truth claims, and avoid the postulation of final truths.
 Humanistic teachers believe that knowledge and feelings go hand-in-hand in the
learning process. Cognitive and affective learning are both important to
humanistic learning. Lessons and activities should focus on the whole student and
their intellect and feelings, not one or the other. A safe learning environment.
6. The language problem was identified in the studies and surveys conducted as early as 1929. The
proposal to solve the problem is the use of the _____ for instruction from Grades 1 to 3. 

a) Vernacular
b) first language
c) second language
d) mother tongue
Correct answer
Vernacular

 A vernacular or vernacular language refers to the language or dialect

that is spoken by people that are inhabiting a particular country or
region. The vernacular is typically the native language, normally
spoken informally rather than written, and seen as of lower status than
more codified forms.
7. Which legal basis guides hiring of new teachers in the public schools? 
a) Localization Law
b) Professionalization Law
c) Magna Carta for Women
d) Magna Carta for Public School Teachers
 
Correct answer
Localization Law

 Republic Act No. 8190 or Localization Law. These rules

and regulations shall apply to appointment or assignment
of teachers in all public schools and other learning centers
under the Department of Education (DepEd).

8. Mencius believed that all people were born good. This thought on the innate goodness of people
makes it easier to _____ our pupils. 
a) Motivate
b) Respect
c) Like  Mencius holds that all humans have innate but incipient tendencies
d) teach toward benevolence, righteousness, wisdom, and propriety.
Correct answer Employing an agricultural metaphor, he refers to these tendencies
Respect as “sprouts”. The sprouts are manifested in cognitive and emotional
reactions characteristic of the virtues.
 Sprout - to grow, spring up, or come forth as or as if a sprout

9. If you are with Teacher Ramil, you are more of a/an _______________. 

How do you use progressivism in the

classroom?
1. Create ongoing projects. The ongoing
project plays an essential role in
promoting mastery.
2. Integrate technology.
3. Replace homework with engaging in-
class activities.
a) progressivist 4. Eliminate rules and consequences.
b) perennialist
5. Involve students in evaluation.
c) existentialist
d) rationalist
Correct answer
progressivist
 
10. If Group 4 wants school to teach students to make responsible choices and he made accountable for
these choices, which philosophy governs the thinking of the group? 

a) Existentialism
b) Perennialism
c) Progressivism
d) Reconstructionism
 
Correct answer
Existentialism

 The goal of an existentialist education is to train students to

develop their own unique understanding of life. An existentialist
classroom typically involves the teachers and school laying out
what they feel is important and allowing the students to choose
what they study.

 
11. Pursuant to the provision of Article XIV, Sec. 1 of the Philippine Constitution, which DepEd policy
may help attain the mandate that the State shall protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality
education? I. Revision of the BEC II. Hiring and recruitment policy III. Accreditation of the schools
IV. Strengthen the role of educational supervisors 
a) III and IV
b) I and II
c) II and III
d) I and IV  A recruitment policy comprises the distinct strategies,
Correct answer standards and guidelines adopted by an organization
II and III for employee recruitment. A perfect recruitment policy
document helps an organization integrate its employee-
retention measures, thereby fostering positive growth for
itself.
 Accreditation provides formal recognition by peers, both
within the institution and across the country. encourages
planning, identifies areas for change, and provides
substantial information that can be used to support resource
decisions.
12. If your students appear to be more interested in a topic outside your planned lesson for the day, you
set aside your lesson plan for that day and take the opportunity to discuss the topic of particular interest
to your students. Strike the iron while it is hot! Which philosophy governs your action? 

a) Existentialism
b) Rationalism
c) Empiricism
d) Progressivism
Correct answer
Progressivism

 Progressivism is a theory of education that is concerned with “learning

by doing “that children learn best when pursuing their own interests
and satisfying their own needs. Progressivists believe that people learn
best from what they consider most relevant to their lives.
How do you use progressivism in the classroom?
 Create ongoing projects. The ongoing project plays an essential role in
promoting mastery.
 Integrate technology.
 Replace homework with engaging in-class activities.
 Eliminate rules and consequences.
 Involve students in evaluation.

13. Mencius believed that all people were born good. This thought on the innate goodness of people
makes it easier for us to _____ our pupils. 
a) Respect
b) Motivate
c) Like
d) teach
 
Correct answer
respect

 Mencius believed that humans are innately good, but need good

education, good outside influences and good effort to train this
goodness, otherwise people become evil. Mencius taught that
leaders could and should be deposed by the common people. This
idea was very different than Legalism.
14. To which educational philosophy is Group 3 oriented? 

 Mencius strongly asserted that human

nature was fundamentally good, not
evil. Known as the idealized form of
Confucianism, Mencius argued that there
a) Progressivism is inherent goodness in all people. In fact,
b) Behaviorism most scholars believe it is actually
c) Reconstructionism Mencius, and not Confucius, who came
d) Existentialism
up with Confucianism's central concept of
Correct answer
Progressivism

15. The basic policy of the Education of 1982 or Batas Pambansa Blg. 232 is to establish and maintain
a complete, adequate and integrated system of education relevant to the goals of national development.
Which of the following is NOT covered by this Act? 
a) Private schools
b) Literacy classes
c) Sunday schools  The right to form, establish, join and participate
d) Multigrade classes
in organizations and societies recognized by the
Correct answer
school to foster their intellectual, cultural,
Sunday schools
spiritual and physical growth and development, or
to form, establish, join and maintain organizations
and societies for purposes not contrary to law.
 232). Abstract/Citation: Establishes the basic
policy and objectives for education. It establishes
the rights, duties and obligations of those in the
education community (e.g. parents, students,
teachers, principals, non-academic staff etc.)

16. The 1987 Philippine Constitution mandates free and compulsory education in the ___________
level. 
a) Elementary
b) preschool
c) high school
d) post-secondary
Correct answer
elementary

 The following are some provisions of the 1987 Philippine Constitution

which conform to these international obligations: "Article XIV, Section
2 (2): elementary education is compulsory for all children of school
age; Article XIV, Section 1: The State shall protect and promote the
right of all citizens to quality education at all levels, and shall take
appropriate steps to make such education accessible to all; and Article
XIV, Section 2 (3): [The State shall] Establish and maintain a system of
scholarship grants, student loan programs, subsidies, and other
incentives which shall be available to deserving students in both public
and private schools, especially to the under-privileged."