FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY MINNA

TECHNICAL REPORT ON STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK

EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES)
 COURSE CODE: SIW400

BEING A REPORT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS

FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY (BTech) DEGREE, IN THE
DEPARTMENT OF CYBER SECURITY SCIENCE

UNDERTAKEN BY:

OSUNTOYE AYOMIDE
2015/1/55183CS

AT

INFORMATION AND TECHNOLOGY SERVICES

(ITS)
LOCATED AT FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECNOLOGY, GIDAN KWANO MINNA,
NIGER STATE.

PERIOD OF ATTACHMENT: 06/07/2019 TO 20/12/2019

JANUARY, 2020
 DEDICATION
This report is dedicated foremost to God Almighty for His mercy grace and
love towards me; who has been with me from the beginning. 
I would also like to dedicate it to my parents and siblings for their love and
support and everyone else that contributed towards making my SIWES training a
successful one.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I am most grateful to God for his love, provision and protection throughout the period of
training.
I acknowledge the support of my parents (Mr. and Mrs. Osuntoye) who have helped me
morally and financially during the period of my training. You have been present to listen to my
joys, struggles and challenges throughout this programme. Thank you so much for being there
for me.

 
 ABSTRACT
This report contains a detailed account of my 6 months Student Industrial Work Experience
Scheme/Industrial Training experience with the Information Technology services(ITS) arm of
the Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger state Nigeria. A brief history and structure of
the firm is given in this report. It covers my activities in website design using HTML,CSS
joomla CMS and Database in web applications. The concluding chapter gives a general
appraisal of the program and recommendation to the SIWES coordinators
 Table of Contents
DEDICATION ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii
ABSTRACT iv
Table of Contents 5

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 6
1.1 HISTORY OF SIWES 6
1.2 Objectives of the scheme 7
CHAPTER 2: PROFILE OF FIRM 8
2.1 CENTRE FOR INFORMATION AND TECHNOLOGY SERVICES (ITS) 8
2.2 ORGANOGRAM OF ESTABLISHMENT 9
CHAPTER 3: WORK EXPERIENCE GAINED 10
3.1 Orientation 10
3.2 Knowledge And Experience Obtained 10
3.2.1 Website creation using HTML, essentials of CSS 11
3.2.2 Using content management systems (CMS) e.g Word Press. 13
3.2.3 BOOTSTRAP 14
3.2.4 Database and database creation 16
3.3 Supplementary skills attained. 16
3.3.1 Networking. 16
3.3.2 Computer Maintenance 17
3.3.3 Social And Functional Skills Acquired 17
CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 18
3.1 CONCLUSION 18
3.2 RECOMMENDATION 18

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 
1.1 HISTORY OF SIWES
Training is a key factor in enhancing the efficiency and expertise of the workforce. The student
industrial work experience scheme (SIWES) program prepare students for labor market and it
has become an innovative phenomenon in human resource development and training in Nigeria.
More to the fact that Cyber Security Science has in recent time become a very marketable field
of study in response to the demand in Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
sector. 
The Federal government of Nigeria under the then military president, General Yakubu Gowon
(Rtd.) initiated the programme by promulgate decree No. 47 of 8th October, 1971 and amended
in 1990, highlighted the capacity building of human resources in industry, commerce and
government through training and retraining of workers in order to effectively provide the much
needed high quality goods and services in a dynamic economy as ours. This decree led to the
establishment of Industrial Training Fund (ITF) in 1973/1974. 
Due to the lack of adequate practical background studies preparatory for employment in
industries, led to the formation of Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) by ITF
in 1993/1994. ITF has one of its key functions; to work as cooperative entity with industry and
commerce where students in institutions of higher learning can undertake mid-career work
experience attachment in industries which are compatible with students’ area of study. The
Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is an integral and indispensable part of
certain degree programmes in tertiary intitutions in Nigeria.
 The major objective of the SIWES is to promote and encourage the acquisition of practical skill
in industry and commerce venture with a view to generating skilled indigenous manpower
sufficient to meet the need for national economy. This fund is administered by its national
headquarters in Jos, Plateau State and with its zonal offices at State headquarters in Nigeria.

1.2 Objectives of the scheme

The main purposes of the Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme are:
i. Provide an avenue for Students in the Nigeria Tertiary Institution to acquire skills and
experience in their course of study.
ii. Prepare Students for the work situation they are likely to meet after graduation.
iii. Make transition from the University to the world of work easier and thus enhance Student
contact for later job placement after graduation.
iv. Provide Students an opportunity to apply their theoretical knowledge in real work
situation. Thereby bridging gap between higher Education and actual practice.
v. Expose Students to work methods and techniques in handling equipment’s and
machineries that may not be available in the Institution.

CHAPTER 2: PROFILE OF FIRM

2.1 CENTRE FOR INFORMATION AND TECHNOLOGY SERVICES
(ITS)
The Centre of Information and Technology Services (ITS) was recently established in August
2006 in pursuance of the bread vision of the Federal University of Technology, Minna to become
one of Nigeria’s leading Universities and Centre of Excellence in Information and
Communication Technology. In setting up ICT, the management of the University decided to
integrate the Management Information Systems (MIS), the National Universities Network
(NUNET) and the Computer Centre together as a Unit.
The Centre provides training and research in information for Nigerians, as well as other
neighboring countries in order to produce experts and skillful workforce that would positively
affect the economy of the nation through the export and use of information and communication
technologies. 
The center for Information and Technology services is currently headed by Dr. Adamu A.
Mohammed the director of (ITS).
The department has a total of 59 staff members out of which 26 system administrators are posted
to service various unit and organs of the University. Also, one staff is currently on appointment
to the Niger state Government. 32 staff working in the ITS centers in Gidan Kwano and Bosso
Campuses as Certified professional Instructors, Programmers Network system Engineers,
Hardware system Engineers, System Analyst and Database Administrators.
Thus, the Centre also engages among others in:
i. Bidding of local and international projects in Information Technology.
ii. Developing software for sale to general public, institutions and industries.
iii. Preparing students to sit for and pass prescribed external certification examination.
iv. Providing preliminary services for budding entrepreneurs who want to develop or expand
their Information Technology businesses.

2.2 ORGANOGRAM OF ESTABLISHMENT

CHAPTER 3: WORK EXPERIENCE GAINED
3.1 Orientation
Having been accepted into the organization, the center of Information and Technology Services,
the IT coordinator in person of Mallam Isah Mohammed alongside the Head of Training of the
organization conducted a meeting with all IT students accepted into the center for Information
and Technology Services (ITS) introducing themselves to the students and briefing them on the
rules and regulation, the demeanors and other marginal information required for better
participation and stay of the students in the organization. At the end of the meeting an election
was made for the selection of the representative of all internship students of which I was
privileged to be.
An orientation was conducted for all internship (IT) students that were accepted into the
organization in which all notables of the organizations were present and accurately recognized,
amongst which was the Head of Networking department in person of Engr. Raphael, Head of the
Management and Information Systems Unit (MIS) in person of Hajiya M. Tanko, Head of
Training department in person of Engr. Alex Tsado, Head of Power department, Head of
Hardware department. All necessary information was spelt out in the oriental meeting for the
hearing of the IT students present.

3.2 Knowledge And Experience Obtained

As a student who underwent SIWES at the Information and Technology Services(ITS), I was
opportune to partake in activities with practical application of knowledge and skill set in the
department I was placed, more so, the staff of the establishment who were always willing to
ensure that I understand, and can independently be trusted to perform a giving task. 
With the help and supervision of an instructor assigned to me in person of Mr Jimoh Abu, 
Highlighted below are the activities and experience gained from the department where I worked
under:
i. Website creation using HTML, essentials of CSS 
ii. Using content management systems (CMS) e.g Word Press.
iii. Basics of Bootstrap framework for web creation; making website responsive
iv. Database and database creation
The following are the detailed explanation of all the activities and experienced gained from the
aforementioned:
3.2.1 Website creation using HTML, essentials of CSS
HTML: Hyper Text Markup Language

HTML stands for Hypertext Mark-up Language, and it is the most widely used language to write
Web Pages. It is the standard markup language for creating web pages and web applications.
Since the inception of the language it has evolved, from HTML 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and now
HTML 5.0 which is the most widely used and recommended for learning.
The HTML code is made up of characters that live inside angled brackets — these are called
HTML elements. Elements are usually made up of two tags: an opening tag and a closing tag.
(The closing tag has an extra forward slash in it. e.g. </p>). Each HTML element tells the
browser something about the information that sits between its opening and closing tags ( e.g.
<p>Facebook Page</p>). The characters in the brackets indicate the tag's purpose.
Elements may contain attributes which provide additional information about the contents of an
element. They appear on the opening tag of the element and are made up of two parts: a name
and a value, separated by an equals sign (<a href = ”http//:www.facebook.com/Username” >
Facebook Page </a>).
a. Name: The attribute name indicates what kind of extra information you are supplying
about the element's content. It should be written in lowercase.
b. Value: The value is the information or setting for the attribute. It should be placed in
double quotes. Different attributes can have different values.

CSS: Cascading Style Sheet

CSS It is a stylesheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in a
mark-up language. CSS code is not written the same way as HTML code is. This makes sense
because CSS is not HTML, but rather a way of manipulating existing HTML. 
CSS is designed to enable the separation of presentation and content, including layout, colors,
and fonts in other to improve content accessibility, provide more flexibility and control in the
specification of presentation characteristics, enable multiple webpages to share formatting by
specifying the relevant CSS in a separate .css file, and reduce complexity and repetition in
structural content.

Methods Used By Css In Formatting Html Document

1. Inline Style: It is used to apply a unique style to a single HTML element. An inline CSS
uses the style attribute of an HTML element.
2. Embedded / Internal Style: It is used if one single page has a unique style. Internal
styles are defined within the <style> element, inside the <head> section of an HTML
page.
3. External Style: With an external style sheet, you can change the look of an entire
website by changing just one file. Each page must include a reference to the external style
sheet file inside the <link> element. The <link> element goes inside the <head> section.
Also when using external css it is preferable to keep the css separate from your HTML.
Placing CSS in a separate file allows the web designer to completely differentiate
between content (HTML) and design (CSS). External CSS is a file that contains only
CSS code and is saved with a “.css” file extension. This CSS is then referenced in your
HTML using the <link> instead of <style> as earlier stated.

3.2.2 Using content management systems (CMS) e.g Word Press.

A content management system is used to manage the creation and modification of digital content
and also supports multiple users in a collaborative environment.
A web content management system (WCMS) is a CMS designed to support the management of
the content of webpages. Most popular CMSs are also WCMSs. Web content includes text and
embedded graphics, photo, video, audio, maps, and program code.
There are various content management systems such as Joomla, Drupal, WordPress etc. Based
on market share statistics, the most popular content management system is WordPress, used by
more than 28% of all websites on the internet, and by 59% of all websites using a known content
management system.

FIGURE:  Joomla: Modifying joomla template.

3.2.3 BOOTSTRAP

Bootstrap is a free and open-source front-end web framework. It contains HTML and CSS based
design templates for typography, forms, buttons, navigation and other interface components, as
well as optional JavaScript extensions. It concerns itself with front-end development. Since
Bootstrap contains CSS codes by default, it’s left to the designer to link the bootstrap file with
the HTML file, in other to bring about speedy development and responsive design. 
3.2.4 Database and database creation

From the creation of the front-end aspect of a web application using the HTML and making it
responsive with the aid of the Bootstrap framework, information and data acquired from forms in
the front end are placed in the Database. I learnt how to create and connect the web application
front-end to the MySQL Database using PHP.
A database is just a repository in which you can store information, add some layer of
organization to the stored information, and grab that information when it’s needed.
A good database provides long-term storage for your information. If your program
stops running, or your entire web server has to be restarted, a database doesn’t lose
your information. Also, a good database needs to store information more permanently. In
programmer jargon, this is called persisting your information.

Figure Database and Table creation.

3.3 Supplementary skills attained.

In addition to my department of attachment, I participated in and on other supplementary skills
and training in other department of the establishment.
3.3.1 Networking.

A lecture was conducted from the networking department on how and a place can be networked.
I was shown on how to crimp an ethernet cable using the necessary crimping tools along sides
testing if the cabling is accurate using the tester.
Figure: Networking and Crimping tools.

Also I went round some other sectors of the school where the establishment is located to
troubleshoot networks, fix Access Points, replace damaged ethernet cables and so on.
3.3.2 Computer Maintenance

Computer maintenance involves taking care of the computer's system components which
involves keeping the computer functioning smoothly by managing hard drive space, scanning for
system errors, regularly defragmenting the hard drive virus check etc. and physical components
which involves keeping computers away from dust and dirt, keeping them clean and making sure
its component are function smoothly.
3.3.3 Social And Functional Skills Acquired

1. Enhanced communication skills.

2. Ability to identify and solve problems relating to web design (using chrome browser).
3. Decision making, critical thinking, organizing and planning.

CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

3.1 CONCLUSION
My six (6) months Industrial Training at Information and Technology Services (ITS) was a huge
success and a great time of acquisition of knowledge and skills. Through my training i was able to
appreciate my chosen course of study even more, because i had the opportunity to blend the theoretical
knowledge acquired from school with the practical hands-on application of knowledge gained here to
perform very important tasks that contributed in a way to my productivity in the organization. My
training here has given me a broader view to the importance and relevance of cyber security and
Computer Science (Front-End Web Development) in the immediate society and the world as a whole, as
i now look forward to impacting it positively after graduation. I have also been able to appreciate the
connection between my course of study and other disciplines in producing a successful result.

3.2 RECOMMENDATION
For subsequent trainees being taken up by the company, I strongly recommend a more stringent
supervision of their training program, especially by the Human Resources Department. This will
go a long way in ensuring that trainees do not lose focus and will constantly remind them that
their services to the company remain valuable.
Also I suggest ITF should liaise with some companies where they will take up students for
industrial training. This will help students who find it difficult to find attachments or who end up
in companies where they do nothing.