Source: “Character and Neurosis” by Claudio Naranjo

Short Summaries of the passions and traits by: wrinklyintp

PDF put together by: itzmelol
Note: It is recommended to also read the source above, as these are just shortened descriptions of
the ones given in the book.

1 core

Passion: Anger
The passion of Anger/Resentment causes the One to be judgmental and critical, as
they are constantly frustrated with themselves and the world for not living up to
their high standards of perfection and correctness.

Trait Structure:

 Anger: resentment at failure to meet their perfectionistic standards,

vehement "righteous indignation", largely unexpressed hatefulness
 Criticality: fault-finding, making others feel guilty or awkward, constructive
intent, moral reproach, accusation of imperfection, prejudice toward out-
groups
 Demandingness: vindictive over-assertiveness, disciplinarian, inhibition of
spontaneity and the pursuit of pleasure, exacting hard work and excellence,
sermonizing, preaching, teaching, need to "manicure" the environment.
 Dominance: autocratic, dignified assertiveness, aristocratic self-concept,
superior and condescending, disdainful and patronizing, entitlement on the
basis of high standards--diligence, intelligence, family background, etc.
 Perfectionism: pursuit of mastery, endorsement of an authority (often
abstract, like social norms or an office), orientation toward "Law and Order",
vehement interest in principles/morals/ideals, striving to be better, harshly
critical of oneself, believing one's intentions are virtuous and therefore
excusing bad behaviors, hypocritical
 Over-Control: difficulty to function in non-structured situations, logical and
methodical (thoughts are rule-bound), blocking of emotional expression,
alienation from emotional experience
 Self-Criticism: inability to accept oneself, self-vilification, chronic emotional
frustration, need to try harder in pursuit of worthiness
 Discipline: hardworking, over-serious, postponement of pleasure and natural
impulses, opposition to pleasure and the "play" instinct
2 core

Passion: Pride
The passion of Pride causes the Two to deny that they are anything but selfless, as
they ignore their own needs and try to specially meet the needs of others in hopes
that others will praise and appreciate them for it.

Trait Structure:

 Pride: imaginary exaltation of self-worth and attractiveness, demanding

privileges, boasting, needing to be the center of attention, "playing the part
of the princess"
 Love Need: excessively romantic orientation, need to confirm an inflated
sense of worth, need to regard oneself as special that is satisfied through
receiving love, "touchy feely", subtle intolerance of limits, invasive, "over-
involved" in relationships, possessive, seductive
 Hedonism: wishing for pleasure often substitutes for pleasure, equate being
loved to being pleased, affectionate, tender, can become temperamental
when not indulged or made to feel loved/pampered, pretendedly content and
animated, propensity to be frustrated, wants attention and stimulation, low
tolerance to routine and discipline, wants an irresponsible or playful life
 Seductiveness: highly interested in being attractive, affectionate, warm,
supportive, empathic, erotically or socially seductive, often seen as
"superficial, fickle, or unstable", an unconditional friend, theatrical love
displays but a failure to deliver, "giving to get", flattery to those who are
worthy of being seduced, erotic inclination
 Assertiveness: daring audacity, willfulness, propelled by a strong uninhibited
drive, vitality, adventurousness
 Nurturance and False Abundance: repression of neediness, unaware of own
neediness, compulsion to please and be extraordinary, identification of the
neediness of others, covertly satisfy their love need by having an abundance
of love to offer
 Histrionism: independence through the denial of dependency/needs, freedom
of willfulness and wildness, often rebellious to authority in a mischievous and
humorous way, intensity and wit to attract attention, larger than life self-
image, sustaining the illusion of positivity
 Impressionable Emotionality: highly emotional (like the type 4) but often an
anti-intellectual style of emotionality (unlike type 4)
3 core

Passion: Deceit
The passion of Deceit causes the Three to be excessively image-oriented, as they
lie and exaggerate their successes and knowledge in order to appear more
valuable, desirable, and admirable than they feel they are.

Trait Structure:

 Attention Need and Vanity: cultivation of appearance in order to be

seen/heard/appreciated, sense of loneliness, chronic frustration from the
need to be for others, belief that they may not be loved without
accomplishments/attractiveness, fear of failure, perfectionism of form,
imitation/chameleon-like, generalized desire to please and attract, refined,
considerate, generous
 Achieving Orientation: ability to do things expeditiously and precisely,
specially efficient, practical, tend to undervalue thinking that is not logical
and scientific, systematic, success>considerateness, often cool/calculating,
value self-control, insisting things are done their way, competitiveness,
deception, bluffing, self-promotion, slander, tension
 Social Sophistication and Skill: entertaining, enthusiastic, bubbly, sparkling,
conversationally active, pleasing, needing applause, witty, concern with
status
 Cultivation of Sexual Attractiveness: self-beautification, conservation of
sexual attractiveness, formalistic beauty yet emotionally hollow
 Deceit and Image Manipulation: takes on different appearances to satisfy the
"thirst to be", confusion between extrinsic validation and intrinsic value, what
is seen by others becomes what they perceive as reality, skill in presentation
 Other Directedness: values according to which the self is shaped come from
external references, identification with prevalent values, conformist but
avant-garde
 Pragmatism: rationality, intellectual, organized, keen, practical, functional
 Active Vigilance: incapable of surrender or self-abandonment, attitude of
self-reliance, anxiety about things not going right—need everything under
control, superficial optimism
 Superficiality: lacking access to the depth of their feelings, not knowing who
they are beyond tangible characteristics and roles, not knowing what they
want beyond pleasing others and being effective, (often unconscious) thirst
for inner depth is apparent through the excessive labor
4 core

Passion: Envy
The passion of Envy causes the Four to be temperamental, as they believe that
they are fundamentally lacking or flawed, missing something that others have.

Trait Structure:

 Envy: love hunger, guilty/controlled greed, over-desiring, self-frustration,

pursuit of the extraordinary and intense, dissatisfaction with the ordinary,
extreme neediness but disliking neediness
 Poor Self-Image: feeling inadequate, prone to shame, sense of ridicule,
feeling unintelligent/ugly/repulsive/rotten/poisonous, unfair self-criticism,
clingy, demanding, biting, dependent, over-attached
 Focus on Suffering: use pain as revenge, unconscious hope of obtaining love
through suffering, sensitive, intense, passionate, romantic, suffer from
loneliness, may feel their life is "tragic", deep longing, nostalgic, intimately
forlorn, often languorous and pessimistic/bitter, lamenting, complaining,
despondent, self-pitying, feeling of loss or fear of future loss, mourning,
amplification of suffering, purposely make painful choices, victimization
 "Moving Toward": crave love, clinging to frustrating relationships to postpone
separation, motivational inability to care properly for themselves (5-like
"helplessness")
 Nurturance: thoughtful, understanding, apologetic, soft, gentle, cordial, self-
sacrificing, humble, obsequious, "giving to get", empathic identification with
the needs of others, possible masochistic exaggeration of nurture into self-
enslavement
 Emotionality: emotions mixed with intellectual interests and introversion,
intense emotions including hatred
 Competitive Arrogance: attitude of superiority through a "prima-donna" or
complex/victimized "misunderstood genius" role, wit, interesting
conversation, imaginative, emotional depth, like analysis
 Refinement: aversion to grossness, stylish, delicate, elegant, tasteful, arty,
posturing, attempt to be different than they are, envy and imitation of
originality
 Artistic Interests: pain channeled into art and beauty
 Strong Superego: seek to be better than they are, keenly aware of their
standards, self-discipline/rule-oriented, ego ideal is more aesthetic than
ethical, tenacity
5 core

Passion: Avarice/Greed
The passion of Avarice/Greed causes the Five to be detached and isolated, as they
feel the world will catastrophically drain them and believe they must withdraw to
prevent that.

Trait Structure:

 Retentiveness: not generous in terms of money/time/energy, insensitivity to

needs of others, hold on to ongoing mental content, not open to
environmental stimulation, pessimistic about receiving protection/care from
others or having the power to demand/take what is needed, rigidity in
mental function (struggle to transition between mental states)
 Not Giving: avoid commitment to avoid giving in the future, need to be
unbound/in full possession of themselves, fear of being "left without"
 Pathological Detachment: aloof, loner who does not feel lonely, minimization
of needs, inhibition and fear of expressing anger
 Fear of Engulfment: fear/avoidance of being "swallowed up by others", fear
of dependency, sensitive to interference/interruption, prone to interrupt self
for external demands/perceived needs of others, over-docile, need to find
oneself in loneliness
 Autonomy: need to do without external supplies, stock up resources in their
"ivory tower", idealize autonomy
 Feelinglessness: lost awareness of feelings, indifferent, cold, unempathetic,
apathetic, diminished capacity to feel pleasure
 Postponement of Action: lack enthusiasm to act, excessive restraint,
procrastination
 Cognitive Orientation: introversive, intellectual, replace living with learning,
prepare but never feel ready, dwell in abstraction, avoid concreteness,
curious
 Sense of Emptiness: sterility, depletion, meaninglessness, inner vacuum,
ontic insufficiency
 Guilt: guilt-prone (like 4s), vague sense of inferiority, vulnerable to
intimidation, awkward, self-conscious, hidden
 High Superego: driven, high demands of self and others, perfectionistic
 Negativism: wish to not give/do as expected from themselves or others
 Hypersensitivity: gentle, soft, harmless, do not want to disturb surroundings,
fear of rejection, low pain tolerance
6 core

Passion: Fear/Anxiety
The passion of Fear/Anxiety causes the Six to be suspicious and worried, as they
are aware of what could go wrong and don’t want to be endangered or put their
trust into the wrong people or beliefs.

Trait Structure:

 Fear, Cowardice, and Anxiety: imagined dangers, fear of change/making

mistakes/the unknown/letting go/hostility/trickery/being unable to
cope/death/aloneness in a threatening world/betrayal/loving, insecure,
hesitant, indecisive, tentative, inclined to compromise, paralyzed by doubt,
prone to compulsive double-checking, struggle in unstructured situations,
fear future consequences
 Over-alert Hyperintentionality: suspicious/over-cautious disposition,
excessive deliberation for what to others is a spontaneous choice, rational
choices, on lookout for hidden meanings
 Theoretical Orientation: devoted to reason, scientism, questioner, problem-
solver, trouble-shooter, looks for problems to feel safe, indirect, vague
 Ingratiating Friendliness (mainly SP6): warm to be likeable and therefore
safe, seeking and giving warmth, hospitable, generous, exaggerated
faithfulness, obsequious, associate with stronger people, competitive
inclinations
 Rigidity (mainly SO6): value rules/institutions, controlled, well-informed,
hard-working, precise, responsible, dutiful, need clear-cut guidelines of right
and wrong
 Pugnacity (mainly SX6): compete with authority, guilt, fear of retaliation,
paranoid insecurity, argumentative, critical, skeptical, cynical, think they
know the right way/pressure others to conform, bluffing, scapegoating
 Orientation to Authority and Ideals: aggressive to those below, submissive to
those above, both love and hate authority, ambivalent, idealize the
"great/strong"
 Accusation of Self and Others: guilt--alleviated through projection/creation of
outside enemies and warmth/rigidity/pugnacity, self-protective, blame-
avoidant, feel persecuted, persecute others
 Doubt and Ambivalence: uncertainty, invalidate themselves while propping
themselves up, doubt self and others, doubt themselves and their own doubt,
suspicious but afraid they may be mistaken, wish to please and move
against, wish to obey and rebel, wish to admire and invalidate
7 core

Passion: Gluttony
The passion of Gluttony causes the Seven to be excessive and scattered, as they
are constantly seeking the next entertaining or fulfilling thing and don’t want to be
held back by a commitment to what they have in the present.

Trait Structure:

 Gluttony: open-minded, exploratory, insatiable, frustration hidden behind

enthusiasm, glutton for the extraordinary/esoteric, anti-conventional
 Hedonistic Permissiveness: self-indulgent, laissez-faire attitude toward
others, entitlement to gratification
 Rebelliousness: humorous outlet, intellectual rebellion (anti-conventional
attitude), behavioral acquiescence, diplomatic rather than oppositional to
authority, equalitarian
 Lack of Discipline: unstable, non-committal, perceives pleasure-
postponement as lovelessness
 Imaginary Wish-Fulfillment: focus on fantasy/plans/utopia/future/potential,
disconnected from down-to-earth reality in favor of imagined plans and ideals
 Seductively Pleasing: want to fulfill those they want to 'seduce' through
helpfulness/problem-free generosity, good hosts/spenders, hidden
exploitation/parasitic tendencies, entertaining, repression of pain and refuge
in pleasure
 Narcissism: exhibitionist, "know better", well informed, "intellectually
superior", compulsion to explain, pretended superiority masked by
"brotherly" bonds, hidden inferiority/insecurity, manipulatively charming,
hypnotic enchantment, good intuition
 Persuasive: often high intelligence, high verbal ability, skillfully explain and
rationalize, belief in their own wisdom and respectability
 Fraudulence: confused between imagination and reality, have a persona
hiding anxiety, have a smoothness hiding aggression, have a generosity
hiding exploitativeness, metaphorical "charlatans"
8 core

Passion: Lust
The passion of Lust causes the Eight to be domineering and excessive, as they are
constantly seeking intense experiences, a way to assert their own will, and a way to
manipulate situations to serve them.

Trait Structure:

 Lust: intense, gusto, contactful, sensory-motor disposition, passionately in

favor of lust/hedonism in life, need to prove themselves/that things deemed
"bad" are not that bad, need stimulation/excitement (propensity to
boredom), impatient, impulsive, pleasure in fighting for pleasure, pain (of
others or of themselves in overcoming obstacles) becomes pleasure when
they satisfy their impulses
 Punitiveness: sadistic, exploitative, hostile, blunt, sarcastic, intimidating,
frustrating, most angry, least intimidated by anger, quick retaliation to get
over anger, take "justice" into their own hands, harden themselves against
life
 Rebelliousness: revolutionary activists, strongly opposed to
authority/traditional education
 Dominance: arrogant, power-seeking, need for triumph, put others down,
competitive, act superior, believe it "doesn't pay" to be weak/accomodating
 Insensitivity: tough, confrontational, ruthless, callousness, unsentimental,
realistic, direct, brusque, disdain for fear/sensitivity, exaggerated risk-taking
 Conning and Cynicism: skeptical of virtue, distrust in others' motives, more
blatantly deceptive than 7s ("easily seen as a cheat"), assertively bargain
 Exhibitionism (Narcissism): entertaining, witty, often charming, consciously
use seductiveness/bragging to gain influence/elevate status, "buy out" others
to make up for unaccountability/violence/invasiveness
 Autonomy: idealize autonomy, reject dependency, self-reliant, all because
they tend to see others as potential competitors or targets of exploitation
 Sensory-motor Dominance: predominance of action over intellect and feeling,
concrete, focus on "here and now", clutching at the present, impatience
toward memory/abstractions/anticipations, desensitization to subtlety of
aesthetic/spiritual experiences, not deeming anything "real" that is not
tangible or an immediate stimulus to the senses
9 core

Passion: Sloth
The passion of Sloth causes the Nine to be unrealistically idealistic, as they do not
want to be disturbed by a reality that is not peaceful, happy, or stable, and they are
overly flexible as a means of ignoring developing their individuality.

Trait Structure:

 Psychological Inertia: paucity of inner experiences, lack of inner fire/passion,

narcotization, thick-skinned, lack of subtlety/imagination, deafening of inner
voices, deadening of feelings (expressed through phlegmatic disposition, lack
of communication about self, or jovial disposition to hide it), don't want to be
in touch with their experience, concrete, concern for survival/practicality
 Over-Adaptation: inattention to personal needs, over-controlled disposition,
alcoholic propensity, compensatory indulgence of physical appetites that
doesn't intensify their "aliveness", deliberate, responsible, yield to
demands/needs of others
 Resignation: abdicate from themselves/life, "play dead to stay alive",
contentedness, give up/don't stand up for themselves
 Generosity: good-natured, kind, helpful, forgiving, take themselves lightly to
not weigh upon others, good listener, sympathetic
 Ordinariness: often low self-esteem, low concern about excelling/shining,
plain/simplistic, deep unconscious love thirst, vicarious participation--identity
by symbiosis with family/nation/party/club/team
 Robotic Habit-Boundedness: creatures of habit, excessive concern for
preserving their balance, bound by custom and regularity, passion for
comfort
 Distractibility: over-simplify outer and inner world, intellectual laziness
(excessive concreteness/literalness), distractible/concentration difficulty,
inattentive/forgetful, deliberately pursue distractions (ex. TV, crossword
puzzles, sewing, sleeping, activity in general) to "not see"--narcotization and
"numbing out"