EXAMPLE OF PIER WELL FOUNDATION BY LIMIT STATE

METHOD AND WORKING STRESS METHOD AS PER IRC:78

INPUT DATA AND LOAD CALCULATIONS
1. SAILENT LEVELS

TYPE OF SUPERSTRUCTURE ARRANGEMENT ON BEARING

SPAN FIX ON PIER / LEFT SPAN = 43 m

SPAN FREE ON PIER / RIGHT SPAN = 43 m
RADIUS OF CURVATURE = 650 m
FRL = 74.365 m
TOTAL WIDTH OF THE BRIDGE = 12.150 m
TOTAL CARRIAGEWAY & FOOTPATH = 11.250 m
BEARING LEVEL = 71.565 m
CG OF BEARING PAD = 71.965 m
PIER CAP TOP LEVEL = 71.065 m
DEPTH OF PIER CAP = 2.000 m
BOTTOM OF PIER CAP = 69.065 m
TOP OF PIER = 69.065 m
TOP OF WELL CAP = 62.500 m
FOUNDING LEVEL (LIMIT STATE) = 34.000 m
FOUNDING LEVEL (WORKING STRESS) = 34.000 m
HIGH FLOOD LEVEL = 68.500 m
LOW WATER LEVEL = 61.000 m
MAX. SCOUR LEVEL = 53.000 m
MAX. SCOUR LEVEL (SEISMIC) = 53.698 m
BED LEVEL SOIL = 66.500 m
Bearing Capacity Table: (Limit State Design) =
LC-1 LC-2 LC-3 LC-4 LC-5A, 5B LC-6 LC-7
Action Combination-1 Action Combination-2 Seismic Accidental
Quasi
Set-1 Set-2 Set-2 Set-2
Net Bearing Capacity t/m2 971 469.61 469.61 469.61
Partial Factor for material for
base resistance 1.35 1.35 1.10 1.10 1.00 1.00 1.00
Design bearing capacity 719 719 427 427 470 470 470
2
NET BEARING CAPACITY(FOR WORKING STRESS) = 90 t/m
2
GROSS BEARING CAPACITY (OBTAINED FROM GEOTECH REPORT) = 109 t/m
2(a). Dead Load

Total dead load of 43 m span = 800.00 t

Superimposed Dead Load
Total superimposed deal load for 43 m span = 68.80 t
= 70.00 t (Say)
2
RCC Wearing coat = 0.20 t/m
Total wt. of wearing coat/surfacing for 43 m span = 96.75 t
= 100.00 t (Say)
Total weight of pier cap = 100.00 t 100.00 t (Approx.)
Total weight of pier = 65.3 t
2(b): Loads due to LL:

Loads from (t) Dst. Btw cl exp. Joint & Longitudinal Transverse
Case moment moment Remarks
cl brg (m) ( tm ) ( tm )
Free/Right Fixed/Left Free/Right Fixed/Left
span span span span
DUE TO THREE
Max. V case 45.71 119.29 77.25 175.24 LANES OF CLASS A
DUE TO SINGLE LANE
Max. ML case 0.00 119.23 1.05 1.05 125.19 241.48 OF CLASS 70RW &
CLASS A
DUE TO SINGLE LANE
Max. MT case 32.84 107.96 78.88 321.05 OF CLASS 70RW &
CLASS A

2(c): Centrifugal Force

Centrifugal force = W.V2/127R

where,
W is the wt. on pier
V is the speed of vehicle
R is the radius of curvature

Speed of vehicle = 80 km/hr

Case W (t) Centrifugal force (t) MT ( tm)

Pier Base
Max. V case 165.00 12.79 167.13
Max. ML case 119.23 9.24 120.77
Max. MT case 140.81 10.92 142.62

2(d): Horizontal force on a pier in normal condition:

Arrangement to transfer
POT-PTFE
horizontal force
43.00 FR FX 43.00

Applied horizontal force: As per clause 211.2 (b) of IRC:6-2014

For span of 43 m : Either two lanes of Class A or Class 70RW can accommodate on this span
For span of 43 m : Either three lanes of Class A can accommodate on this span
Therefore total horizantal force for individual spans:
On 43 m On 43 m
With single lane of Class A & Class F70RW,
h = 22.77 22.77 t
With three lanes of Class A, Fh = 13.85 13.85 t
Governing Fh = 22.77 22.77 t
(i) TRANSFERING HORIZONTAL FORCE THROUGH POT-PTFE BEARINGS
As per clause 211.5.1.1 of IRC:6-2014,
Force on fixed bearing = Fh - m2*(Rg + Rq) OR Fh/2 + m1*(Rg + Rq)
Force on free bearing = m2*(R g + R q )
Where,
Fh = Applied horizontal force
Rg = Reaction due to dead load
Rq = Reaction due to live load
m = Coefficient of friction at movable bearings m1 0.05
m2 0.03

Horizontal force on fixed bearing = 39.68 t

Rg = 485.00 t
Rq = 80.99 t

Total force on a pier = 39.68 t (Force on free bearing is ignored as of

opposite direction)

2(e): Seismic Forces

SEISMIC ZONE = IV
LONGITUDINAL SEISMIC COEFFICIENT
Zone factor for seismic zone IV, Z = 0.24
Time period = 0.60 sec
For medium soil (10>N>30), Sa/g = 1.36/T = 2.3
Importance Factor, I = 1.5
Response Reduction Factor, R = 3
Ah = (Z/2) x (I/R) x (Sa/g) = 0.136

TRANSVERSE SEISMIC COEFFICIENT

Zone factor for seismic zone IV, Z = 0.24
Time period = 0.7 sec
For medium soil (10>N>30), Sa/g = 1.36/T = 1.8
Importance Factor, I = 1.5
Response Reduction Factor, R = 3
Ah = (Z/2) x (I/R) x (Sa/g) = 0.110

VERTICAL SEISMIC COEFFICIENT = 2/3 HORIZONTAL SEISMIC COEFFICIENT = 0.091

HORIZONTAL FORCES IN SEISMIC CONDITION

* For seismic load calculations, consider only 20% LL 0.20
Seismic Transverse Case
With POT-PTFE
Long. seismic on superstructure (30% seismic long) 39.58 t
m1 0.05
m2 0.03
Frictional force on free bearing μ2(Rg) 14.55 t
Frictional force on fixed bearing Fh-μ2(Rg) 25.03 t
or Fh/2+μ1(Rg+Rq) 44.85 t
or Fh 39.58 t
* Force on free bearing is acting opposite to the force on fixed bearing, hence ignored to be on conservative side.
Total force on a pier 44.85 t

Thus, max force on a pier 44.85 t

Seismic Longitudinal Case

With POT-PTFE
Seismic force on superstructure (Fixed Span) 131.92 t
m1 0.05
m2 0.03
Frictional force on free bearing μ2(Rg) 14.55 t
Frictional force on fixed bearing Fh-μ2(Rg) 117.37 t
or Fh/2+μ1(Rg+Rq) 91.02 t
or Fh 131.92 t
* Force on free bearing is acting opposite to the force on fixed bearing, hence ignored to be on conservative side.
Total force on a pier 131.92 t

Thus, max force on a pier 131.92 t

IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION

Lever Moment
LONGITUDINAL SESMIC FORCE DUE TO Force (t)
arm (tm)
Superstructure 131.92 9.07 1195.85
Pier cap 13.60 7.68 104.46
Pier 8.88 3.28 29.13
Total longitudinal Seismic force 154.40 1329.44

IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION

Lever Moment
TRANSVERSE SESMIC FORCE DUE TO Force (t)
arm (tm)
Live Load (Horizontal) at 1.2 above FRL 3.64 13.07 47.54
Dead Load (Free span) 44.11 10.82 477.03
Dead Load (Fixed span) 44.11 10.82 477.03
Surfacing 11.03 11.87 130.84
SIDL 7.72 12.37 95.44
Pier cap 11.03 7.68 84.70
Pier 7.20 3.28 23.62
Total transverse Seismic force 128.82 1336.20

SUMMARY OF SEISMIC FORCES & ITS MOMENT

Force Moment
(t) ( tm )
Transverse Direction 128.82 1336.20
Longitudinal Direction 154.40 1329.44
Vertical Direction 105.92 -
3(g): CALCULATION OF FORCES DUE TO WIND - WITH LIVE LOAD

I: WIND FORCE ON SUPERSTRUCTURE (As per clause 209.3 of IRC:6-2010)

LWL condition HFL condition
Basic wind speed (Vb) (As per Fig.6) = 40.89 m/s 42.73 m/s
H (avg. ht. of exposed surface from the ground level) = 14.47 m 6.96 m
From table 4
VZ (hourly mean speed of wind at height H) = 29.05 m/s 27.80 m/s
PZ (horizontal wind pressure at height H) = 507.28 N/m2 463.70 N/m2
Since table 4 is for basic wind speed (Vb) of 33 m/s

VZ calculated = 36.0 m/s 36.0 m/s

PZ calculated = 779.0 N/m2 777.6 N/m2
In hilly areas due to funneling, PZ is increased by 20% = 779.0 N/m2 777.6 N/m2

As per clause 209.3.3

Transverse wind force FT (in N) = PZ x A1 x G x CD eq.1
Here,
A1 is the area of the superstructure as seen in elevation including the floor system and crash barrier
Height of 43m span including height of crash barrier, d = 3.850 m
Height of 43m span including height of crash barrier, d = 3.850 m
So, Area A1 at which FT is acting (43m Span) = 3.850 m2/m
So, Area A1 at which FT is acting (43m Span) = 3.850 m2/m
G is the gust factor (spans upto 150 m) = 2
CD is the drag coefficient
width of deck (b) = 12
b/d = 3.16
For bridge decks supported by single beam, CD (For above b/d ratio) = 1.44
For bridge deck supported by two or more beams, CD = 1.44

Putting all these values in eq.1

LWL condition HFL condition
FT calculated 43m span = 8651.11 N/m 8635.2 N/m

FT For 43 m span = 37.92 t 37.85 t

FT For 43 m span = 37.92 t 37.85 t
Long. Force on superstruture FL (25% of FT) (As per clause
= 9.48 t 9.46 t
209.3.4) (43m span)
Upward or downward vertical wind load FV (in N) (As per clause
= PZ x A3 x G x CL eq.2
209.3.5)
Here,
So, Area A3 at which FT is acting (43m Span) = 12.15 m2/m
So, Area A3 at which FT is acting (43m Span) = 12.15 m2/m
CL is the lift coefficient = 0.75
Other parameters PZ and G remains same as used above
 LWL condition HFL condition
FV(+/-) 43m Span = 14197.8 N/m 14171.6 N/m
43m Span = 14197.8 N/m 14171.6 N/m
Fv (For 43m span) = 62.23 t 62.12 t

II: WIND FORCE ON LIVE LOAD

Transverse wind force FT (in N) = PZ x A3 x G x CD eq.3

(acting at a ht. of 3m above roadway)
Height of crash barrier above roadway = 1.10 m
Net ht. at which FT is acting = 1.90 m
So Area (L x ht. at which FT is acting) = 1.90 m2/m
Drag coefficient, CD = 1.20 (As per clause 209.3.6)
LWL condition HFL condition
Putting these values in eq.3, FT calculated = 3552.37 N/m 3545.8 N/m
= 0.36 t/m 0.36 t/m
FT (For 43 m span) = 15.57 t 15.54 t
FT (For 43 m span) = 15.57 t 15.54 t
Long. Force on superstruture FL (25% of FT) (As per clause
= 3.89 t 3.89 t
209.3.4) (43m span)

(b) DESIGN WIND FORCE ON SUBSTRUCTURE (As per clause 209.4 of IRC:6-2010)

FT on pier and pier cap is calculated in the same way as calculated in wind forces on superstructure
LWL condition HFL condition
For pier,
Dia. of pier = 2.25 m 2.25 m
Size of pier = 0.00 m 0.00 m
Clear ht. of pier = 6.57 m 0.56 m
A1 = 14.77 m2 1.27 m2
CD [For height / breadth ratio of 40] = 0.60 (As per table 6)
So, FT on pier = 13809 N 1186.22 N
= 1.41 t 0.12 t
FL on pier = 0.35 t 0.03 t

LWL condition HFL condition

For pier cap,
Width of pier cap = 3.65 m 3.65 m
Depth of pier cap = 2.00 m 2.00 m
A1 = 7.30 m 2 7.30 m2
t/b = = 1.61 (As per table 6)
So, FT on pier cap = 18354 N 18320.1 N
= 1.87 t 1.87 t
FL on pier cap = 0.47 t 0.47 t
IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION
With POT-PTFE LWL condition HFL condition
Wind force on superstructure = 13.37 t 13.35 t
Total long. Force = 13.37 t 13.35 t
m1 0.05
m2 0.03
Frictional force on free bearing μ2(Rg) = 14.55 t 14.55 t
Frictional force on fixed bearing Fh-μ2(Rg) = -1.18 t -1.18 t
Fh/2+μ1(Rg+Rq) = 36.54 t 36.54 t
Fh = 13.37 t 13.35 t
* Force on free bearing is acting opposite to the force on fixed bearing, hence ignored to be on conservative side.
Thus, max force on a pier = 36.54 t 36.54 t

LWL condition HFL condition

Lever arm Moment Lever arm Moment
LONGITUDINAL WIND FORCE Force (t) Force (t)
(m) (tm) (m) (tm)
Horizontal Force 36.54 9.07 331.25 36.54 9.07 331.25
on Pier cap 0.47 7.57 3.54 0.47 7.57 3.53
on Pier 0.35 3.28 1.16 0.03 6.28 0.19
Total longitudinal Wind force 37.36 335.94 37.04 334.97

LWL condition HFL condition

Lever arm Moment Force Lever arm Moment
TRANSVERSE WIND FORCE DUE TO Force (t)
(m) (tm) (t) (m) (tm)
Live Load 15.57 13.92 216.67 15.54 13.92 216.27
Superstructure (43 m span) 18.96 11.04 209.32 18.93 11.04 208.93
Superstructure (43 m span) 18.96 11.04 209.32 18.93 11.04 208.93
Pier cap 1.87 7.57 14.15 1.87 7.57 14.13
Pier 1.41 3.28 4.62 0.12 6.28 0.76
Total transverse Wind force 41.20 654.08 39.84 649.03

SUMMARY OF WIND FORCES & ITS MOMENT

Force Moment Force Moment
LWL condition HFL condition
(t) ( tm ) (t) ( tm )
Transverse Direction 41.20 654.08 Transverse Direction 39.84 649.03
Longitudinal Direction 37.36 335.94 Longitudinal Direction 37.04 334.97
Vertical Direction (+/-) 62.23 - Vertical Direction (+/-) 62.12 -
SUMMARY OF FORCES AT PIER BASE (THREE LANE TRAFFIC)

LOAD V (Ton) HL (Ton) HT (Ton) Torsion MT (t-m) ML (t-m)

DL (including pier and pier cap) 965.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 189.7 0.0
SIDL 70.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16.6 0.0
SURFACING 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 23.7 0.0
FPLL 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
HORIZONTAL FORCE (NORMAL
CONDITION) 0.0 39.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 359.7
SEIS. TRANS 0.0 0.0 128.8 0.0 1336.2 0.0
SEIS. LONG 0.0 154.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 1329.4
SEIS. VERT 105.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
WIND WITHOUT LL (LWL) 82.2 37.7 54.4 0.0 577.8 338.1
WIND WITHOUT LL( HFL) 75.1 37.2 48.2 0.0 523.5 336.4
WIND LL 62.2 37.4 41.2 0.0 654.1 335.9
LL (Max V / MAX MT Case) 165.0 0.0 12.8 0.0 342.4 77.3
LL (Max ML Case) 140.8 0.0 10.9 0.0 463.7 78.9
TEMP. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
BARGE IMPACT 0.0 0.0 688.8 0.0 6095.9 0.0
DIFF. SETTLEMENT 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
PRESTRESS EFFECTS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SHRINKAGE & CREEP 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
GEOTECHNICAL DESIGN OF FOUNDATION USING WORKING
STRESS METHOD
COEFFICIENT OF EARTH PRESSURE

AS PER COULOMB'S THEORY, COEFFICIENT OF ACTIVE EARTH PRESSURE IS

Ka = SIN2 (+)
'2
2
SIN . SIN(-) SIN( + ).SIN( -)
1+
SIN( - ).SIN( + )

WHERE

 = ANGLE OF INTERNAL FRICTION OF EARTH

 = ANGLE OF INCLINATION OF BACK OF WALL

 = ANGLE OF INTERNAL FRICTION BETWEEN WALL & EARTH

 = ANGLE OF INCLINATION OF BACKFILL

o
HERE  = 33 = 0.576 Radian

o
 = 90 = 1.571 Radian

o
 = 22.00 = 0.384 Radian

o
= 0 = 0.000 Radian

Ka = 0.2645
Kp = 8.084

Therefore, Horizontal coefficient of Active earth pressure =KaCOS = Kha = 0.2452

DESIGN OF CIRCULAR WELL FOUNDATION
BASIC DESIGN DATA
C/C DISTANCE OF PIERS 43.00 m
FRL 74.37 m
GROUND/BED LEVEL 66.50 m
FOUNDING LEVEL 34.00 m
HIGHEST FLOOD LEVEL 68.50 m
LOW WATER LEVEL 61.00 m
MAXIMUM SCOUR LEVEL 53.00 m

FOR COMBINATIONS WITH SEISMIC FORCES

SCOUR LEVEL UNDER MEAN FLOOD (as per IRC:78-2014) 54.55 m
SCOUR LEVEL UNDER L.W.L. (as per IRC:78-2014) 56.10 m

DEPTH OF SUPERSTRUCTURE (@ support location) 2.750 m

THICKNESS OF WEARING COAT 0.050 m
BEARING LEVEL 71.57 m
CG OF BEARING PAD 71.97 m
PIER CAP TOP LEVEL 71.07 m
DEPTH OF PIER CAP 2.00 m
BOTTOM OF PIER CAP 69.07 m
TOP OF PIER 69.07 m
TOP OF WELL CAP LEVEL 62.50 m

DIA. OF PIER 2.25 m

WIDTH OF PIER FOR WATER CURRENT FORCES 2.25 m

ECCENTRICITY OF PIER W.R.T. WELL IN TRANSVERSE DIR 0.000 m

ECCENTRICITY OF PIER W.R.T. WELL IN LONGITUDINAL DIR 0.000 m

WELL DIMENSIONS
LEVEL, WHERE DIA OF WELL CHANGES (ABOVE M.S.L.) 54.55 m
DIAMETER OF WELL (ABOVE M.S.L. ) 6.00 m
DIAMETER OF WELL (BELOW M.S.L.) 6.00 m
WELL CAP THICKNESS 1.50 m
PROJECTION OF CURB OUTSIDE STEINING 0.075 m

SINKING DEPTH, l 28.50 m

STEINING THICKNESS REQUIRED 0.961 m
STEINING THICKNESS PROVIDED 1.000 m
ANGLE OF CURB 36.55 degree
HEIGHT OF CURB 1.750 m
NET DOWNWARD LOAD OF WELL (HFL CASE) 770.0 t
NET DOWNWARD LOAD OF WELL (LWL CASE) 1031.8 t
LOAD FROM SUPERSTRUCTURE MAX ML CASE MAX. LOAD CASE

DL, SIDL & SUBSTR. 1035.3 1035.3

Wearing Coat 100.0 100.0

DL, SIDL, WC & SUBSTR. 1135.3 1135.3
LIVE LOAD (including FPLL)
VERTICAL REACTION (t) 140.8 165.0
Long Moment due to DL, SIDL, WC & Substr. (t-m) 0.0 0.0
Long Moment due LL & FPLL (t-m) 78.9 77.3
TOTAL LONGITUDINAL MOMENT (t-m) 78.9 77.3
Trans. Moment due to DL, SIDL MT (t-m) 206.3 206.3
Trans. Moment due to WC MT (t-m) 23.7 23.7
Trans. Moment due to LL & FPLL MT (t-m) 774.8 706.9
BRAKING TRACTIVE FORCE Fh (t) 22.8 22.8
HORIZONTAL FORCE 39.7 39.7
MOMENT IN LONG. DIREC., ML (due to Fh) (t-m) 1490.8 1490.8

Horizontal Force due to barge impact (t) 688.8 688.8

Transverse Moment at founding level (t-m) 25726.9 25726.9

5. WATER CURRENT FORCES ( HFL CASE )

V2 AT SURFACE 15.905
HEIGHT OF WATER ABOVE M.S.L 15.500 m
2
V AT BOTTOM OF PIER CAP & TOP OF PIER 0.000
2
V AT TOP OF WELL CAP 9.748
TOTAL HORIZ. FORCE DUE TO WATER CURRENT (TRANS DIR.) 15.48 t
TOTAL MOMENT AT FOUND. LEVEL (TRANS DIR.) 430.17 t-m

SEISMIC CASE WITH MEAN WATER CURRENT FORCES ( MEAN FLOOD CASE )

MEAN FLOOD LEVEL (MFL) = 68.50 m

(MFL is assumed at HFL, on conservative side)
V2 AT SURFACE 15.90
HEIGHT OF WATER ABOVE M.S.L 13.95 m
V2 AT BOTTOM OF PIER CAP & TOP OF PIER 0.000
2
V AT TOP OF WELL CAP 9.06
TOTAL HORIZ. FORCE DUE TO WATER CURRENT (TRANS DIR.) 13.20 t
TOTAL MOMENT AT FOUND. LEVEL (TRANS DIR.) 375.58 tm

6. SEISMIC FORCES
IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION (100%L + 30%T + 30%V)
HORIZONTAL SEISMIC COEFFICIENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION, ah 0.136
SCOUR LEVEL IN L.W.L. CASE (0.9 times the MSL) 54.55 m
CONSIDERING LL IN SEISMIC CASE 20%
 SERVICE
LONGITUDINAL SEISMIC FORCE
CONDI.
BRAKING FORCE 4.554 t
ON SUPERSTRUCTURE & SUBSTRUCTURE 154.40 t
ON WELL CAP 14.42 t
ON WELL STEINING (Upto MSL) 34.45 t
ON WELL STEINING L.W.L. Case 26.17 t
ON WATER INSIDE STEINING 8.89 t
ON SANDFILL INSIDE STEINING 0.00 t
ON TOP PLUG 0.00 t
MOMENT AT FOUNDING LEVEL DUE TO SEIS. FORCE ON
BRAKING FORCE 201.7 t-m 183.0
SUPERSTRUCTURE & SUBSTRUCTURE 5729.7 t-m 5095.1
WELL CAP 400.2 t-m 340.9
STEINING 819.0 t-m 677.4
WATER INSIDE STEINING 211.3 t-m 174.8
TOTAL HYDRODYNAMIC FORCE 33.89 t
ITS MOMENT AT FOUNDING LEVEL 869.74 tm 791.75681
TOTAL FORCE IN LONGITUDINAL DIR. (including braking & hydrodynamic force) 250.6 t
30% TRANSVERSE SEISMIC FORCE 62.0 t
TOTAL MOMENT AT FOUNDING LEVEL IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION 8231.6 t-m 7263.0
MOMENT AT FOUNDING LEVEL DUE TO SEISMIC IN TRANS. DIRECTION 2109.4 t-m 1869.4
INCREASE IN VERTICAL LOAD 41.6 t

SEISMIC FORCES
IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION (100%T + 30%L + 30%V)
HORIZONTAL SEISMIC COEFFICIENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION, ah 0.110
CONSIDERING SEISMIC FORCE ON LL IN TRANS DIRECTION ON 20%
MAXIMUM LIVE LOAD REACTION 33.0 t
SEISMIC FORCE ON LL 3.64 t
TRANS. SEISMIC FORCE ON SUPERSTR. & SUBSTR. 128.82 t
WELL CAP 11.69 t
STEINING 27.93 t
WATER INSIDE STEINING 7.21 t
TOTAL HYDRODYNAMIC FORCE 27.48 t
ITS MOMENT AT FOUNDING LEVEL 705.19 tm 641.96499
TOTAL FORCE IN TRANSVERSE DIR. (Including Hydrodynamic force) 206.8 t
30% LONGITUDINAL SEISMIC FORCE (Including 20% Braking & Hydrodynamic force) 78.4 t
TOTAL MOMENT AT FOUNDING LEVEL IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION 7031.5 tm 6231.4
MOMENT AT FOUNDING LEVEL DUE TO SEISMIC IN LONG. DIRECTION (Including
2610.7 tm 2307.0
Braking & Hydrodynamic force)
INCREASE IN VERTICAL LOAD 41.6 t

PASSIVE RELIEF
M.S.L.

Depth of
tension
crack

1 3 4

DEPTH OF TENSION CRACK (2c/g Ka0.5) 0.0 m

GRIP LENGTH BELOW M.S.L. IN NORMAL CASE 19.00 m
GRIP LENGTH BELOW M.S.L. IN SEISMIC CASE 20.55 m
Coefficient factor for circular well for passive relief 1

COEFFICIENT OF ACTIVE EARTH PRESSURE, Ka for NORMAL CASE 0.264

COEFFICIENT OF ACTIVE EARTH PRESSURE, Ka for SEISMIC CASE 0.264
COEFFICIENT OF PASSIVE EARTH PRESSURE, Kp 8.084

NORMAL CASE
HEIGHT OF EARTH 19.00 m
F. O. S. 2.0
NET FORCES AND MOMENT OF LATERAL RESISTANCE MOMENT
FORCE (t)
(0.5gsub(Kp-Ka)cosd.h2.D/F.O.S.) ( tm)

Rectangle component due to Active Earth Pressure (2) 0.0 0.00

Rectangle component due to Passive Earth Pressure (3) 0.0 0.00
Tri. Comp. due to AEP (1) & PEP (4) {(4)-(1)} 3926.1 24865.3
3926.1 24865.3
Moment due to Vertical Component of Active & Passive Earth Pressure 0.0

NET FORCE OF LATERAL RESISTANCE 3926.1 t

MOMENT DUE TO PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) 24865.3 tm
SEISMIC CASE
HEIGHT OF EARTH 20.550 m
F. O. S. 1.6
NET FORCES AND MOMENT OF LATERAL RESISTANCE MOMENT
(0.5gsub(Kp-Ka)cosd.h2.D/F.O.S.) FORCE (t)
( tm)

Rectangle component due to Active Earth Pressure (2) 0.0 0.00

Rectangle component due to Passive Earth Pressure (3) 0.0 0.00
Tri. Comp. due to AEP (1) & PEP (4) {(4)-(1)} 5741.0 39325.9
5741.0 39325.9
Moment due to Vertical Component of Active & Passive Earth Pressure 0.0

NET FORCE OF LATERAL RESISTANCE 5741.0 t

MOMENT DUE TO PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) 39325.9 tm

Geo-Technical Design of Foundations using Working stress method-IRC:78

LC-1 LC-2 LC-3

Basic Combination Seismic Accidental

Loads Wind + LL - -
DL & SIDL 1 1 1
Surfacing 1 1 1
Live load 1 0.2 1
Seismic force - 1 -
Water Current 1 1 -
Wind 1 - -
Thermal - 1
Settlement 1 1 -
Barge Impact - - 1
Prestress
Effects - - -

MOMENT DUE TO TILT AND SHIFT

TILT ( 1 IN 80) 0.356 m
SHIFT (150mm) 0.150 m
(MAX. LD & LWL CASE
DESCRIPTION
CONSIDERED)

W1=NET DNWARD LD ON TOP OF WELL 1300.3 t

MOMENT ABOUT C.L. OF WELL (DUE TO W1) 658.3 tm
W2=NET DOWNWARD LOAD OF WELL 1031.8 t
TOTAL MOMENT ABOUT C.L. OF WELL (DUE TO W2) 183.8 tm
TOTAL MOMENT DUE TO TILT AND SHIFT 842.0 tm
SUMMARY OF LOADS & MOMENTS

HFL WIND CASE (LC-1) MAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE

DOWNWARD LOAD t 2108.3 2132.5

MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 1479.6 1478.0
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 3263.2 3195.4
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 4456.5 4394.2
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 31081.6 31081.6
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0
2
MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 71.0 71.8
2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 71.0 71.8

LWL WIND CASE (LC-1) MAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE

DOWNWARD LOAD t 2370.1 2394.3
MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 1479.6 1478.0
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 2833.0 2765.2
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 4069.7 4009.0
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 31081.6 31081.6
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0
2
MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 79.8 80.6
2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 79.8 80.6
As plastic moment is dependent on sectional capacity, it is assumed that section is designed for exact requirement. Hence the
seismic moment and shear at the base is multiplied by overstrength factor to simplify the process.
Factored loads after multiplying over strength factor of 1.35

SEISMIC LONGITUDINAL WITH LWL CASE (LC-2)

MAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE
DOWNWARD LOAD (with 20% live load) t 2236.7 2241.6
MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 11128.5 11128.1
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 2494.4 2480.8
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 12200.8 12197.6
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 39325.9 39325.9
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0

MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m2 75.3 75.5

2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 75.3 75.5
SEISMIC LONGITUDINAL WITH MEAN FLOOD LEVEL (LC-2)
MAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE
DOWNWARD LOAD (with 20% live load) t 1975.0 1979.8
MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 11128.5 11128.1
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 2870.0 2856.4
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 12288.8 12285.1
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 39325.9 39325.9
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0
2
MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 66.5 66.6
2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 66.5 66.6

SEISMIC TRANSVERSE WITH LWL CASE (LC-2) MAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE
DOWNWARD LOAD (with 20% live load) t 2236.7 2241.6
MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 2626.5 2626.2
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 9877.5 9863.9
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 11017.0 11003.8
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 39325.9 39325.9
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0

MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m2 75.3 75.5

2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 75.3 75.5

SEISMIC TRANSVERSE WITH MEAN FLOOD LEVEL (LC-2)

MAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE
DOWNWARD LOAD (with 20% live load) t 1975.0 1979.8
MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 2626.5 2626.2
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 10253.1 10239.5
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 11380.4 11367.1
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 39325.9 39325.9
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0
2
MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 66.5 66.6
2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 66.5 66.6

BARGE IMPACT WITH HFL (LC-3)

MAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE
DOWNWARD LOAD (with 100% live load) t 2046.1 2070.3
MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 1569.6 1568.0
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 27107.3 27039.5
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 27994.8 27926.9
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 39325.9 39325.9
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0

MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m2 68.9 69.7

2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 68.9 69.7
11. SUMMARY OF BASE PRESSURE

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM IN WIND CASE 80.6 t/m2 < 89.00 HENCE SAFE
2
ABSOLUTE MINIMUM IN WIND CASE 71.0 t/m > 0.00 HENCE SAFE
2
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM IN SEISMIC CASE 75.5 t/m < 89.00 HENCE SAFE
2
ABSOLUTE MINIMUM IN SEISMIC CASE 66.5 t/m > 0.00 HENCE SAFE
2
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM IN BARGE IMPACT CASE 69.7 t/m < 89.00 HENCE SAFE
2
ABSOLUTE MINIMUM IN BARGE IMPACT CASE 68.9 t/m > 0.00 HENCE SAFE
GEOTECHNICAL DESIGN OF FOUNDATION USING LIMIT
STATE METHOD
COEFFICIENT OF EARTH PRESSURE (FOR SET 1)

AS PER COULOMB'S THEORY, COEFFICIENT OF ACTIVE EARTH PRESSURE IS

Ka = SIN2 (+)
2 '2
SIN . SIN(-) SIN( + ).SIN( -)
1+
SIN( - ).SIN( + )

WHERE

 = ANGLE OF INTERNAL FRICTION OF EARTH

 = ANGLE OF INCLINATION OF BACK OF WALL

 = ANGLE OF INTERNAL FRICTION BETWEEN WALL & EARTH

 = ANGLE OF INCLINATION OF BACKFILL

o
HERE  = 33 = 0.576 Radian

o
 = 90 = 1.571 Radian

o
 = 22.00 = 0.384 Radian

o
= 0 = 0.000 Radian

Ka = 0.2645
Kp = 8.084

Therefore, Horizontal coefficient of Active earth pressure KaCOS = Kha = 0.2452

Kpa = 7.4956
COEFFICIENT OF EARTH PRESSURE (FOR SET 2)

AS PER COULOMB'S THEORY, COEFFICIENT OF ACTIVE EARTH PRESSURE IS

Ka = SIN2 (+)
2 '2
SIN . SIN(-) SIN( + ).SIN( -)
1+
SIN( - ).SIN( + )

WHERE

 = ANGLE OF INTERNAL FRICTION OF EARTH

 = ANGLE OF INCLINATION OF BACK OF WALL

 = ANGLE OF INTERNAL FRICTION BETWEEN WALL & EARTH

 = ANGLE OF INCLINATION OF BACKFILL

o
HERE  = 27.45 = 0.479 Radian

o
 = 90 = 1.571 Radian

o
 = 18.30 = 0.319 Radian

o
= 0 = 0.000 Radian

Ka = 0.3282
Kp = 4.929

Therefore, Horizontal coefficient of Active earth pressure KaCOS = Kha = 0.3116

Kpa = 4.6797
 CALCULATION OF PASSIVE RESISTANCE FOR LIMIT STATE DESIGN OF WELL
Angle of Shearing Resistance (φ) = 33 ⁰
3
Submerged density of soil = 1 t/m
Outer diameter of Well = 6m
Embedded length of Well = 19 m (Normal Case)
Embedded length of Well = 20.6 m (Seismic Case)
As per Table 2, (of Limit Sate Design of Open Foundation)
1 -1
Design angle of shearing Resistance, φ = tan ((Tanφ)/γm)

For Set 1, γm = 1
1
Therefore φ = 33 ⁰
For Set 2, γm = 1.25
1
Therefore φ = 27.45 ⁰
Now, for calculating the Passive Resistance as per Table B4 of IRC 6:2017, Set 1 factors are used for LC-1, LC-2 and
Set 2 factors are used for LC-3, LC-4, LC-5, LC-6.
FOR LC-1, LC-2
Kha = 0.245
Khp = 7.496

Force of Passive Resistance = 7719.4 t 0.5 x 1 (7.496 - 0.245 x 1.5 ) x 19 x 19 x 6

Total Resisting Moment = 48889.7 tm
Allowable Resisting Moment = 48889.7 tm
FOR LC-3, LC-4
Kha = 0.312
Khp = 4.680
Force of Passive Resistance = 3869.3 t 0.5 x 1 (4.68 x 0.85 - 0.312 x 1.3 ) x 19 x 19 x 6
Total Resisting Moment = 24505.5 tm
Allowable Resisting Moment = 24505.5 tm
FOR LC-5A, 5B
Kha = 0.312
Khp = 4.680
Force of Passive Resistance = 5534.1 t 0.5 x 1 (4.68 - 0.312 ) x 20.55 x 20.55 x 6
Total Resisting Moment = 37908.4 tm
Allowable Resisting Moment = 37908.4 tm
FOR LC-6
Kha = 0.312
Khp = 4.680
Force of Passive Resistance = 4730.7 t 0.5 x 1 (4.68 - 0.312 ) x 19 x 19 x 6
Total Resisting Moment = 29961.3 tm
Allowable Resisting Moment = 29961.3 tm

Load Definition:
LC-1 L.L. Leading +Wind Load Acc. _LWL/HFL Case
(Action Combination 1)
LC-2 L.L. Acc +Wind Load Leading _LWL/HFL Case
LC-3 L.L. Leading +Wind Load Acc. _LWL/HFL Case
(Action Combination 2)
LC-4 L.L. Acc +Wind Load Leading _LWL/HFL Case
LC-5A Seismic Long. + 30% Seismic Trans. + 30% Seismic Vert (+v)_LWL/HFL Case
LC-5B 30% Seismic Long. + Seismic Trans. + 30% Seismic Vert (+v)_LWL/HFL Case
LC-6 Accidental Combination
DESIGN OF CIRCULAR WELL FOUNDATION
BASIC DESIGN DATA
C/C DISTANCE OF PIERS 43.00 m
FRL 74.37 m
GROUND/BED LEVEL 66.50 m
FOUNDING LEVEL 34.00 m
HIGHEST FLOOD LEVEL 68.50 m
LOW WATER LEVEL 61.00 m
MAXIMUM SCOUR LEVEL 53.00 m

FOR COMBINATIONS WITH SEISMIC FORCES

SCOUR LEVEL UNDER MEAN FLOOD (as per IRC:78-2014) 54.55 m
SCOUR LEVEL UNDER L.W.L. (as per IRC:78-2014) 56.10 m

DEPTH OF SUPERSTRUCTURE (@ support location) 2.750 m

THICKNESS OF WEARING COAT 0.050 m
BEARING LEVEL 71.57 m
CG OF BEARING PAD 71.97 m
PIER CAP TOP LEVEL 71.07 m
DEPTH OF PIER CAP 2.00 m
BOTTOM OF PIER CAP 69.07 m
TOP OF PIER 69.07 m
TOP OF WELL CAP LEVEL 62.50 m

DIA. OF PIER 2.25 m

WIDTH OF PIER FOR WATER CURRENT FORCES 2.25 m

ECCENTRICITY OF PIER W.R.T. WELL IN TRANSVERSE DIR 0.000 m

ECCENTRICITY OF PIER W.R.T. WELL IN LONGITUDINAL DIR 0.000 m

WELL DIMENSIONS
LEVEL, WHERE DIA OF WELL CHANGES (ABOVE M.S.L.) 54.55 m
DIAMETER OF WELL (ABOVE M.S.L. ) 6.00 m
DIAMETER OF WELL (BELOW M.S.L.) 6.00 m
WELL CAP THICKNESS 1.50 m
PROJECTION OF CURB OUTSIDE STEINING 0.075 m
HORIZONTAL SEISMIC COEFFICIENT, ah x 1.35 0.136 Longitudinal Direction
0.110 Transverse Direction
MAX. SURFACE VELOCITY OF WATER, V ( DESIGN VELOCITY) 2.82 x 2 3.99 m/sec

SINKING DEPTH, l 28.50 m

STEINING THICKNESS REQUIRED 0.961 m
STEINING THICKNESS PROVIDED 1.000 m
ANGLE OF CURB 36.55 degree
HEIGHT OF CURB 1.750 m
DEAD LOAD OF WELL
NET DOWNWARD LOAD OF WELL (HFL CASE) 770.0 t
NET DOWNWARD LOAD OF WELL (LWL CASE) 1031.8 t
LOAD FROM SUPERSTRUCTURE MAX ML CASE MAX. LOAD CASE

DL, SIDL & SUBSTR. 1035.3 1035.3

Wearing Coat 100.0 100.0
DL, SIDL, WC & SUBSTR. 1135.3 1135.3
LIVE LOAD (including FPLL)
VERTICAL REACTION (t) 140.8 165.0
Long Moment due to DL, SIDL, WC & Substr. (t-m) 0.0 0.0
Long Moment due LL & FPLL (t-m) 78.9 77.3
TOTAL LONGITUDINAL MOMENT (t-m) 78.9 77.3
Trans. Moment due to DL, SIDL MT (t-m) 206.3 206.3
Trans. Moment due to WC MT (t-m) 23.7 23.7
Trans. Moment due to LL & FPLL MT (t-m) 774.8 706.9
BRAKING TRACTIVE FORCE Fh (t) 22.8 22.8
HORIZONTAL FORCE 39.7 39.7
MOMENT IN LONG. DIREC., ML (due to Fh) (t-m) 1490.8 1490.8

Horizontal Force due to barge impact (t) 688.8 688.8

Transverse Moment at founding level (t-m) 25726.9 25726.9

WATER CURRENT FORCES ( HFL CASE )

V2 AT SURFACE 15.905
HEIGHT OF WATER ABOVE M.S.L 15.500 m
2
V AT BOTTOM OF PIER CAP & TOP OF PIER 0.000
2
V AT TOP OF WELL CAP 9.748
TOTAL HORIZ. FORCE DUE TO WATER CURRENT (TRANS DIR.) 15.48 t
TOTAL MOMENT AT FOUND. LEVEL (TRANS DIR.) 430.17 t-m

SEISMIC CASE WITH MEAN WATER CURRENT FORCES ( MEAN FLOOD CASE )

MEAN FLOOD LEVEL (MFL) = 68.50 m

(MFL is assumed at HFL, on conservative side)
V2 AT SURFACE 15.90
HEIGHT OF WATER ABOVE M.S.L 13.95 m
V2 AT BOTTOM OF PIER CAP & TOP OF PIER 0.000
V2 AT TOP OF WELL CAP 9.06
TOTAL HORIZ. FORCE DUE TO WATER CURRENT (TRANS DIR.) 13.20 t
TOTAL MOMENT AT FOUND. LEVEL (TRANS DIR.) 375.58 tm

SEISMIC FORCES
IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION (100%L + 30%T + 30%V)
HORIZONTAL SEISMIC COEFFICIENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION, ah 0.136
SCOUR LEVEL IN L.W.L. CASE (0.9 times the MSL) 54.55 m
CONSIDERING LL IN SEISMIC CASE 20%
SERVICE
LONGITUDINAL SEISMIC FORCE
CONDI.
BRAKING FORCE 4.554 t
ON SUPERSTRUCTURE & SUBSTRUCTURE 154.40 t
ON WELL CAP 14.42 t
ON WELL STEINING (Upto MSL) 34.45 t
ON WELL STEINING L.W.L. Case 26.17 t
ON WATER INSIDE STEINING 8.89 t
MOMENT AT FOUNDING LEVEL DUE TO SEIS. FORCE ON
BRAKING FORCE 201.7 t-m 183.0
SUPERSTRUCTURE & SUBSTRUCTURE 5729.7 t-m 5095.1
WELL CAP 400.2 t-m 340.9
STEINING 819.0 t-m 677.4
WATER INSIDE STEINING 211.3 t-m 174.8
TOTAL HYDRODYNAMIC FORCE 33.89 t
ITS MOMENT AT FOUNDING LEVEL 869.74 tm 791.75681
TOTAL FORCE IN LONGITUDINAL DIR. (including braking & hydrodynamic force) 250.6 t
30% TRANSVERSE SEISMIC FORCE 62.0 t
TOTAL MOMENT AT FOUNDING LEVEL IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION 8231.6 t-m 7263.0
MOMENT AT FOUNDING LEVEL DUE TO SEISMIC IN TRANS. DIRECTION 2109.4 t-m 1869.4
INCREASE IN VERTICAL LOAD 41.6 t

SEISMIC FORCES
IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION (100%T + 30%L + 30%V)
HORIZONTAL SEISMIC COEFFICIENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION, ah 0.110
SEISMIC FORCE ON LL 3.64 t
TRANS. SEISMIC FORCE ON SUPERSTR. & SUBSTR. 128.82 t
WELL CAP 11.69 t
STEINING 27.93 t
WATER INSIDE STEINING 7.21 t
MOMENT AT FOUNDING LEVEL DUE TO SEIS. FORCE ON
LL 158.8 t-m 143.8
SUPERSTRUCTURE & SUBSTR. 5007.7 tm 4478.2
WELL CAP 324.4 tm 276.4
STEINING 664.0 tm 549.3
WATER INSIDE STEINING 171.3 tm 141.7
TOTAL HYDRODYNAMIC FORCE 27.48 t
ITS MOMENT AT FOUNDING LEVEL 705.19 tm 641.96499
TOTAL FORCE IN TRANSVERSE DIR. (Including Hydrodynamic force) 206.8 t
30% LONGITUDINAL SEISMIC FORCE (Including 20% Braking & Hydrodynamic force) 78.4 t
TOTAL MOMENT AT FOUNDING LEVEL IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION 7031.5 tm 6231.4
MOMENT AT FOUNDING LEVEL DUE TO SEISMIC IN LONG. DIRECTION (Including
2610.7 tm 2307.0
Braking & Hydrodynamic force)
INCREASE IN VERTICAL LOAD 41.6 t

2
BASE AREA 29.706 m
3
SECTION MODULUS 22.836 m
Geo-Technical Design of Foundations using Limit State-
Table B.4 Table B.3 (IRC: 6-2017)

LC-1 LC-2 LC-3 LC-4 LC-5A, 5B LC-6 LC-7

Combination-1 Combination-2 Seismic Accidental Quasi

Loads LL Lead Wind Lead LL Lead Wind Lead - - -
DL & SIDL 1.35 1.35 1 1 1.35 1 1
Surfacing 1.75 1.75 1 1 1.75 1 1.2
Live load 1.5 1.15 1.3 1 0.2 0.75 -
Seismic force - - - - 1.5 - -
Water Current 1 1 1 1 1 - -
Wind 0.9 1.5 0.8 1.3 - - -
Thermal - 0.5 0.5
Settlement 1 1 1 1 1 - 1
Barge Impact - - - - - 1 -
Prestress
Effects - - - - - - -

MOMENT DUE TO TILT AND SHIFT

TILT ( 1 IN 80) 0.356 m
SHIFT (150mm) 0.150 m
DESCRIPTION (MAX. LD & LWL CASE CONSIDERED) (Factored loads)
For LC-
For LC-3,LC-4 For LC-5 For LC-5 For LC-5
1,LC-2

W1=NET DNWARD LD ON TOP OF WELL 1820.1 1349.8 1605.6 1259.0 1155.3 t

MOMENT ABOUT C.L. OF WELL (DUE TO W1) 921.4 683.3 812.8 637.4 584.8 tm
W2=NET DOWNWARD LOAD OF WELL 1392.9 1031.78 1392.90 1031.78 1031.78 t
TOTAL MOMENT ABOUT C.L. OF WELL (DUE TO W2) 248.1 183.8 248.1 183.8 183.8 tm
TOTAL MOMENT DUE TO TILT AND SHIFT 1169.5 867.1 1060.9 821.2 768.6 tm

SUMMARY OF LOADS & MOMENTS

LOAD COMBINATION 1
HFL WIND CASE (LC-2) MAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE
with wind leading
DOWNWARD LOAD t 2867.4 2895.2
MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 2191.8 2190.0
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 4383.6 4305.5
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 6117.8 6047.3
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 48889.7 48889.7
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0

MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m2 96.5 97.5

2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 96.5 97.5
LWL WIND CASE (LC-2) with wind leading MAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE
DOWNWARD LOAD t 3220.8 3248.6
MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 2191.8 2190.0
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 3939.2 3875.3
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 5724.7 5668.1
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 48889.7 48889.7
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0

MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m2 108.4 109.4

2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 108.4 109.4

HFL WIND CASE (LC-1) with live load leading WITH LIVELOADMAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE
DOWNWARD LOAD t 2879.3 2915.6
MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 1379.0 1376.6
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 3557.8 3456.0
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 5013.6 4917.9
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 48889.7 48889.7
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) 0.0 0.0

MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m2 96.9 98.1

2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 96.9 98.1

LWL WIND CASE (LC-1) with live load leading WITH LIVELOADMAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE
DOWNWARD LOAD t 3232.7 3269.0
MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 1379.0 1376.6
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 3127.6 3025.8
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 4616.0 4522.1
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 48889.7 48889.7
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0
2
MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 108.8 110.0
2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 108.8 110.0
LOAD COMBINATION 2
HFL WIND CASE (LC-4) with wind leading MAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE
DOWNWARD LOAD t 2127.0 2151.2
MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 1899.8 1898.2
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 3811.7 3743.8
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 5809.0 5738.5
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 24505.5 24505.5
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0

MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m2 71.6 72.4

2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 71.6 72.4
LWL WIND CASE (LC-4) with wind leading MAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE
DOWNWARD LOAD t 2388.7 2412.9
MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 1899.8 1898.2
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 3381.5 3313.7
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 5415.9 5359.4
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 24505.5 24505.5
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0

MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m2 80.4 81.2

MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m2 80.4 81.2

HFL WIND CASE (LC-3) with live load leading WITH LIVELOADMAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE
DOWNWARD LOAD t 2138.1 2169.5

MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 1223.1 1221.0

MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 3312.8 3041.8
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 4708.0 4612.4
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 24505.5 24505.5
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) 0.0 0.0
2
MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 72.0 73.0
2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 72.0 73.0

LWL WIND CASE (LC-3) with live load leading WITH LIVELOADMAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE

DOWNWARD LOAD t 2399.9 2431.3

MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 1223.1 1221.0

MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 2699.8 2611.6

RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 4310.4 4216.5
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 24505.5 24505.5
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0
2
MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 80.8 81.8

MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m2 80.8 81.8

As plastic moment is dependent on sectional capacity, it is assumed that section is designed for exact requirement. Hence the
seismic moment and shear at the base is multiplied by overstrength factor to simplify the process.
Factored loads after multiplying over strength factor of 1.35

SEISMIC LONGITUDINAL WITH LWL CASE (LC-5A)

MAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE
DOWNWARD LOAD (with 20% live load) t 3056.0 3060.8
MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 16684.8 16684.5
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 3639.1 3625.5
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 18169.6 18166.4
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 37908.4 37908.4
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0
2
MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 102.9 103.0
2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 102.9 103.0

SEISMIC LONGITUDINAL WITH MEAN FLOOD LEVEL (LC-5A)

MAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE
DOWNWARD LOAD (with 20% live load) t 2702.6 2707.4
MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 16684.8 16684.5
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 4014.7 4001.1
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 18253.5 18250.0
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 37908.4 37908.4
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0

MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m2 91.0 91.1

2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 91.0 91.1

SEISMIC TRANSVERSE WITH LWL CASE (LC-5B) MAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE
DOWNWARD LOAD (with 20% live load) t 3056.0 3060.8
MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 3931.8 3931.5
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 14713.7 14700.1
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 16322.5 16309.3
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 37908.4 37908.4
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0

MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m2 102.9 103.0

2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 102.9 103.0
SEISMIC TRANSVERSE WITH MEAN FLOOD LEVEL (LC-5B)
MAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE
DOWNWARD LOAD (with 20% live load) t 2702.6 2707.4
MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 3931.8 3931.5
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 15089.3 15075.7
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 16685.6 16672.4
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 37908.4 37908.4
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0
MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m2 91.0 91.1
2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 91.0 91.1

BARGE IMPACT WITH HFL (LC-6)

MAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE
DOWNWARD LOAD (with 100% live load) t 2010.9 2029.0
MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 1177.2 1176.0
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 26913.6 26862.7
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 27760.5 27709.6
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 29961.3 29961.3
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0
2
MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 67.7 68.3
2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 67.7 68.3

SLS-QUASI PERMANENT LWL (LC-7)

MAX ML CASE MAX. LD CASE
DOWNWARD LOAD t 2187.0 2187.0
MOMENT IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION t-m 57.8 57.8
MOMENT IN TRANSVERSE DIRECTION t-m 230.0 230.0
RESULANT MOM. (MR) (including tilt & shift) t-m 1005.8 1005.8
PASSIVE RELIEF (PR) t-m 29961.3 29961.3
NET MOMENT ( MR - PR) t-m 0.0 0.0
2
MAXIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 73.6 73.6
2
MINIMUM BASE PRESSURE t/m 73.6 73.6

11. SUMMARY OF BASE PRESSURE

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM IN WIND CASE 110.0 t/m2 < 426.92 HENCE SAFE
ABSOLUTE MINIMUM IN WIND CASE 71.6 t/m2 > 0.00 HENCE SAFE
2
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM IN SEISMIC CASE 103.0 t/m < 469.61 HENCE SAFE
ABSOLUTE MINIMUM IN SEISMIC CASE 91.0 t/m2 > 0.00 HENCE SAFE
2
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM IN BARGE IMPACT CASE 68.3 t/m < 469.61 HENCE SAFE
ABSOLUTE MINIMUM IN BARGE IMPACT CASE 67.7 t/m2 > 0.00 HENCE SAFE
2
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM IN QUASI PERMANENT 73.6 t/m < 469.61 HENCE SAFE
ABSOLUTE MINIMUM IN QUASI PERMANENT 73.6 t/m2 > 0.00 HENCE SAFE
Bearing Capacity For Soil (As per IS: 6403):-

Dia of well (m) = 6

Depth of foundation (Df) m = 19 (MSL-FND)
Depth of water Table (Dw) m = 0 from ground level.
Cohesion (c) kN/m2 = 0
Angle of Resistance (φ) = 33.00
Surcharge (q) (kN/m2 ) = 171
3
(γ1) bulk kN/m = 20

2
Net Ultimate Bearing Capacity = 9526.23 kN/m

Shape Factor Depth Factor Inclination Factor

Type Sc sq sᵧ dc dq dᵧ ic iq iᵧ
Circular 1.300 1.200 0.600 2.17 1.58 1.58 1.00 1.00 1.00

Bearing capacity factor

Nc Nq Nγ Nϕ
39.73 27.34 37.78 3.39

Summary for Net Bearing Capacity:

DIAMETER OF WELL (φ) Net BC (t/m2)
6.00 33.00 971.07 Action comb. 1, Set-1
6.00 27.45 469.61 Action comb. 2, Set-2
6.00 27.45 469.61 Seismic and Accidental Case

Angle of Resistance (φ) = 33.00 Set-1 From Limit state code

Angle of Resistance (φ) = 27.45 Set-2 From Limit state code
COMPARISION OF FOS OF WSM AND LSM

WORKING STRESS METHOD

ALLOWABLE ALLOWABLE
LOAD
MOMENT RESISTANCE FOS
COMBINATION
tm tm
LC1(Wind) 24865 49730 2

LC2 (Seismic), LC3 39325 62920 1.6

LIMIT STATE METHOD

ALLOWABLE ALLOWABLE
LOAD
MOMENT RESISTANCE FOS
COMBINATION
tm tm
LC1, LC2
48890 49730 1.02
(Wind, combination 1)
LC3, LC4
24505 49730 2.03
(Wind, combination 2)

LC5 (Seismic) 37908 62920 1.66

LC6 (Accidental) 29961 49730 1.66