Sectional Drawing: Why Is Development of Surfaces Used?

MODULE 3
SECTIONAL DRAWING
Technically, a section view is a view used on a drawing to show an area or hidden

part of an object by cutting away or removing some of that object in order to show a detailed
representation of the internal features of an object.
Why is development of surfaces used?
Technical drawings must show all parts of an object, including the insides and other
parts not easily seen. Such details can be drawn with hidden lines, but this method works
well only if the hidden part has a simple shape. If the shape is complicated, the hidden lines
can be confusing. In these case, a special view called a section. Sectional views do not contain
hidden lines to avoid confusion unless there are features that are needed so.
To best understand sectional views, imagine that a wide-blade knife has cut through
an object. Call the path of this a cutting plane. Then imagine that everything in front of the
cutting plane has been removed so that the cut surface and whatever is inside can be seen.
On a normal view, a special line called a cutting-plane line shows where the cutting plane
passes through the object. On the sectional view, the cut surface is marked with thin, evenly
spaced lines, known as section lining or crosshatching.
To produce a sectional view, a cutting plane is imagined cutting through the part, as
shown. Picture the two halves of the object pulled apart, exposing the interior construction,
as shown. In this case we will look forward the left half of the object in the section view. This
sectional view replaces the right side view. The section produced by cutting through the
entire object is called a full section.
LET’S START!
Find the correct sectional drawing of the following object.
THINK AND REFLECT
After the activity, answer the following process questions:
1. What was your answer to the previous activity? Why?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
2. In your opinion, what is the role of the alphabet of lines in drawing the sectional view of
an object?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. In your insight, why is constructing the correct sectional drawing of an object essential to
the industry especially in manufacturing and engineering?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Understanding the internal features of an object requires a perceptive skill in order to

be able to draw it in a sheet of paper. To better understand sectional drawing, note that
sectional views must omit hidden lines as much as possible to avoid confusion. It must only
include all lines that are directly visible. Moreover, knowledge in using alphabet of lines is an
essential skill to better convey the idea of creating the object.
LET’S LEVEL-UP!
❖ The Cutting-Plane Line
The cutting-plane line represents the edge view of the cutting plane. They are
generally drawn extra thick and black so that they will appear more prominent on a drawing
than the other lines. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) specifies two forms
for cutting-plane lines, as shown. The first form is more commonly used, the one with the
phantom line. The second shows up well on complicated drawings, the one with the broken
line. At each end of the line have a short line with an arrow to show the direction for looking
at the section which are right angles to the line.
Reading Assignment 1
Research some examples in the internet of sectional drawings where the two forms of
cutting plane lines are used.
Form 1 Form 2
Sectional views often replace standard views. As figures shown, the cutting plane is a
front plane and appears as a line in the top view. The arrows at the ends of cutting-pane line
point in the direction of sight for front section. The result is called a front section, or front
view section, since it replaces the front view in the drawing.
You can also use reference plane parallel to the plane of projection and touching or
cutting through the object. In this figure, a reference plane is aligned with the front surface
of the object. This plane appears on edge, or as a line, in the top and auxiliary views. Make
the reference plane that coincides with the front surface of the object, as shown.
❖ Cross-Hatching
Section lines are used to define areas that represent where solid material has been
cut in a sectional view. They are thin back lines and are evenly spaced at any inclined angle
that is not parallel to any existing edge line and should be visually distinct from the continuous
lines that define the boundary of the sectional view. Though they are commonly drawn at 45
degrees with the horizontal, unless they look better at a different angle. In the figures below,
cross-hatching at 45 degrees with horizontal would be nearly parallel or nearly perpendicular
to a prominent feature. In this case, the hatching appears better drawn at 30 degrees, 60
degrees, or some other angle. The recommended spacing for section lines is spaced at
millimeters. They should never be spaced so close together as to look blurry or be so far
apart that they are not clearly recognizable as section lines.
Cross-hatching patterns are used to present general material types. These are some
common examples of section line patterns used in the industry.
Reading Assignment 2
Research about the types of sectional views and define each briefly.
Types of Sectional Views Definition
Full Section
Half Section
Offset Section
Aligned Section
Removed Section
Multiple Section
Broken-out Section
LET’S DO IT
In this activity. using long size bond papers and applicable drawing instruments, construct
the section plan and section views of the following isometric drawings. Follow the example
drawn below for your answers.
Example:
SUGGESTED READINGS
Technical Drawing Standards

Sectional Views
Uses of Sectional Drawings
Methods of Sectional Drawings
YouTube Videos about Constructing Sectional Drawings
(Note: All suggested readings above can be found in the internet or technical drawing books)
ASSESSMENT
Directions: Draw the section plan and section views of the following objects shown below in
two separate long size bond paper. Copy the title block in the module requirements section
of this course module, and complete the information needed in the spaces provided.
PLATE NO.: 3 TITLE: SECTIONAL DRAWING
SELF-ASSESSMENT
DRAWING GRADING RUBRICS
CRITERIA Description Points
Alphabet of Lines Use of line weights and proper use of 25

alphabet of lines (construction lines, object
lines, etc.)
Lettering Proportional height and use of guidelines in 15
lettering
Neatness and Proportioning and alignment of drawings; 20
Cleanliness Minimum erasures
Presentation Maximizing the worksheet area, proper 15
dimensioning
Completeness Completeness of tasks/process required in 25
the activity
TOTAL 100
SUMMARY
In this module, you have learned:

• A section view is a view use on a drawing to show an area or hidden part of an object
by cutting away or removing some of that object.
• The cut line is called a “cutting plane”, and can be done in several ways. Cutting plane
lines are used to define the location for the sectional view’s cutting plane. The
direction of the arrow indicates the line of sight and it’s always perpendicular to the
cutting plane.
• To minimize confusion on sectional views, drawings must omit hidden lines. Any
surface that is behind the cutting plane is not included in the sectional view.
• Hatch lines or section lines drawn on the surfaces that represent where the cutting
plane passed through solid material. Sectional lines are evenly spaced at any inclined
angle that is not parallel to any existing edge line and should be visually distinct from
the continuous lines that define the boundary of the sectional view.
• There are many types of sectional views such as; full section, half section, offset
section, aligned section, removed section, multiple section, and broken-out section.
We are done with the module and hope that you fully understood the concept and
importance of sectional drawings. Practice is the best recommendation to absorb more
knowledge of the concepts of technical drawing.

Sectional Drawing: Why Is Development of Surfaces Used?

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Sectional Drawing: Why Is Development of Surfaces Used?

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Sectional Drawing: Why Is Development of Surfaces Used?

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

MODULE 3

Technically, a section view is a view used on a drawing to show an area or hidden

Why is development of surfaces used?

Find the correct sectional drawing of the following object.

THINK AND REFLECT

After the activity, answer the following process questions:

1. What was your answer to the previous activity? Why?

Understanding the internal features of an object requires a perceptive skill in order to

❖ The Cutting-Plane Line

Technical Drawing Standards

DRAWING GRADING RUBRICS

CRITERIA Description Points

Alphabet of Lines Use of line weights and proper use of 25

In this module, you have learned:

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.