NAME: Grade and Section:

Learning Area Grade Level 11

W1
Practical Research 1
Quarter 1 Date
I. LESSON TITLE Nature of Qualitative Research and its Importance
II. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING Shares research experiences and knowledge; explains the importance of research in daily life;
COMPETENCIES (MELCs) and describes characteristics, processes and ethics of research.
III. CONTENT/CORE CONTENT Importance, characteristics, processes and ethics of research
Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Time Frame Learning Activities

A. Introduction 45 minutes WHAT IS RESEARCH?

Panimula This is just the scientific way of what you are doing in your everyday life - exploring
things, asking questions, observations and other activities that you experience. This is just the
start of the conventional way of providing answers to your questions and observations - and
that is through research which you will explore in this lesson. Specifically, you are expected
to share research experiences and knowledge, explain the importance of research and
describe the characteristics, processes and ethics of research.
Research is an investigation or experimentation aimed at the discovery and
interpretation of facts, revision of accepted theories or laws in the light of new facts, or
practical application of such new or revised theories or laws (Merriam-Webster Dictionary,
Retrieved from https://www.merriam- webster.com/dictionary/research).
Research is an organized investigation and study of materials and sources to create
facts and reach new inferences. Research has come up with developing appropriate
solutions to improve the individual’s quality of life. Although it may take place in a different
setting and may use different methods, scientific research is universally a systematic and
objective search for reliable knowledge (Walker, 2010).
According to Zarah (2020), the main purpose of research is to inform action, to prove a
theory and contribute to developing knowledge in a field or study. This article will highlight
the significance of research with the following points:
 a tool for building knowledge and for facilitating learning;
 means to understand various issues and increase public awareness;
 an aid to business success;
 a way to prove lies and to support truths;
 means to find, gauge and seize opportunities;
 a seed to love reading, writing, analyzing and sharing valuable information;
and
 nourishment and exercise for the mind.
Moreover, since the purpose of research is to inform action. Thus, a research study
should seek to contextualize its findings within the larger body of research. Research must
always be of high quality in order to produce knowledge that is applicable outside of the
research setting. Furthermore, the results of the study may have implications for policy
and future project implementation.

Characteristics of Research
1. Empirical. Research is based on direct experience or observation by the researcher.
2. Logical. Research is based on valid procedures and principles.
3. Cyclical. Research is a cyclical process because it starts with a problem and ends with
a problem.
4. Analytical. Research utilizes proven analytical procedures in gathering the data,
whether historical, descriptive, and experimental and case study.
5. Critical. Research exhibits careful and precise judgment.
6. Methodical. Research is conducted in a methodical manner without bias using
systematic method and procedures.
7. Replicability. The research design and procedures are replicated or repeated to
enable the researcher to arrive at valid and conclusive results.

Research Ethics
According to Resnik, 2007, ethical norms are significant in conducting research
studies as explained in the following:
First, ethics promotes the pursuit of knowledge, truth, and credibility. It also
fosters values that are essential to collaborative work.

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 Second, ethical norms help individuals to be accountable in every act that the
researcher/s undertake.
Third, ensure that researchers are held accountable to the public.
Lastly, an ethical norm in research also needs public awareness. This can be
evaluated by the researcher before conducting the study because this may help a
certain population in an area once the study is completed.
Ethical Codes and Policies for Research, Resnik, 2007
Given the importance of ethics in the conduct of a research, you will follow codes and
policies for research:
Honesty Maintain all communication. Data should not be faked.
Objectivity Avoid biases in experimental designs, data analysis, interpretation,
expert testimony, and other aspects of research.
Integrity Keep your promises and agreements.
Carefulness Avoid careless errors and negligence.
Openness Share data, results, ideas and tools. Be open to criticism and new
ideas.
Confidentiality Protect confidential communication.
Responsible Publication Avoid duplicating publications.
Responsible Mentoring Help to educate, mentor, and advise others.
Respect Colleagues Treat all peers fairly.
Social Responsibility Strive to promote social good. Avoid social harm.
Non- Discrimination Avoid discrimination against colleagues or students on the basis of
sex, races, ethnicity, and or others.
Legality Be informed and obey relevant laws and institutional governmental
policies.
Respect of
Intellectual Property Give proper acknowledgment or credits to all researchers.
Human Subject Minimize risks that involve human lives, dignity, and privacy.
Research Process
Research involves a systematic process that focuses on being objective and gathering
a multitude of information for analysis so that the researcher can come to a conclusion. The
scientific research process is a multiple-step process where the steps are interlinked with the
other steps in the process. If changes are made in one step of the process, the researcher
must review all the other steps to ensure that the changes are reflected throughout the
process.
The research process often begins with a very broad idea for a topic you’d
like to know more about. You do some preliminary research to identify a problem. After
refining your research questions, you can lay out the foundations of your research design,
leading to a proposal that outlines your ideas and plans. Although different models of the
research process exist, each containing different numbers of stages, most include the same
general elements.
Research is a process of collecting, analyzing and interpreting information to answer
questions. But to qualify as research, the process must have certain characteristics: it must,
as far as possible, be systematic, controlled, rigorous, valid and verifiable, empirical and
critical.
The Seven Steps of the Research Process
Step 1. Define and develop your topic (Research Problem).
 Factors to Consider in Selecting a Research Problem
1. Researcher‘s area of interest
2. Availability of funds
3. Investigator‘s ability and training
Step 2. Find background information about your chosen topic (Review of Related
Literature).
Step 3. Plan your research design including your sample (Methodology).
Step 4. Gather necessary data using open ended questions (for qualitative research)
and closed-ended questionnaire or paper pencil test questionnaire (for
quantitative research) (Data Gathering).
Step 5. Process and analyse data using thematic analysis (for qualitative research)
and statistical tools (for quantitative research). (Results and Discussion)

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Step 6. Formulate new insights gained (for qualitative research) conclusions (for
quantitative research) and recommendations.
Step 7. Define new problem.

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 Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Time Frame Learning Activities

B. Development 45 minutes Learning Task 1: Let’s Start with the Basic

Pagpapaunlad Directions: Use the word RESEARCH as an acronym. Construct a word, phrase or sentence that
will describe research.

R
E
S
E
A
R
C
H

Learning Task 2: Matching type!

Directions: Match the characteristics of a research from Column A to Column B and write
your answer in Column C.
Column A Column B
______ 1 Research is empirical. a. own investigation
______ 2 Research is systematic. b. unbiased and logical
______ 3 Research is controlled. c. order and sequence
______ 4 Research employs hypothesis. d. direct experience
______ 5 Research is analytical. e. critical analysis
______ 6 Research is objective. f. variables
______ 7 Research is original work. g. search for facts
h. copyright
Learning Task 3: Just YES or NO!

Directions: Write YES on the space before the number if the statement describes
characteristics of research and NO if not.
1. Research starts with a problem and ends with an answer.
2. Research utilizes proven logical process in gathering the data.
3. Research replicates to arrive at valid and conclusive results.
4. Research is conducted in a organized manner with bias.
5. Research utilizes historical and experimental procedures.

C. Engagement 60 minutes Learning Task 4: Share your Stuff

Pakikipagpalihan Directions: Share your personal experiences on research by completing the table below.
Answer the guide questions that follow.

Your own experience of research (or What is the importance of this research to
research that you know) life?

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 Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Time Frame Learning Activities

D. Assimilation 60 minutes Learning Task 5: FB (Follow and Build) Time!

Paglalapat Directions: Follow each process on the lesson. Answer the guide questions that follow.
Process Idea about the Process

Guide Questions
1. Which among the processes is the easiest step in a research? Why?
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2. What is the most difficult? Why?

_________________________________________________________________________________
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3. Based on the activity, what are the characteristics of a research?
_________________________________________________________________________________
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V. ASSESSMENT 15 minutes Learning Task 6: Time to assess!
(Learning Activity Sheets for Enrichment, Directions: Read and analyze each item. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
Remediation or Assessment to be given on
Weeks 3 and 6)
1. Which among the following terms is an investigation or experimentation aimed at the
discovery and interpretation of facts?
A. Case study B. Ethics C. Inquiry D. Research
2. Cincy Merly provides data based on valid procedures and principles. Which among the
characteristics describes the statement?
A. Analytical B. Critical C. Cyclical D. Logical
3. Which of the following terms implies logical research?
A. Research is based on observation by the researcher.
B. Research is based on valid procedures and principles.
C. Research utilizes historical and experimental procedures.
D. Research replicates to arrive at valid and conclusive results.
4. Peejay conducted research in a organized manner without bias. Which of the characteristics
describes the statement?
A. Analytical B. Logical C. Methodical D. Replicability
5. It is a characteristic of research that follows orderly and sequential procedures, based on
valid procedure and principle.
A. Systematic B. Objective C. Original Work D. Analytical

Subject Teacher GABRELLE MARIE D. OGAYON

Contact Number 09631628955
Messenger Gabrelle Ogayon Parent’s/ Guardian’s Signature Over Printed Name: