Methodology Well Foundation at Yamuna River

GAWAR CONSTRUCTION LIMITED
Development of Bundelkhand Expressway (Package-V) From Saalabad (Dist. Jalaun) to Bakhariya

(Dist. Auraiya) From Km 200+000 to Km 250+000 in the State of Uttar Pradesh on EPC Mode.
Methodology of Well Foundation For Major

Bridge at Yamuna River Ch-235+695
Client Authority Engineer EPC Contractor
Methodology of Well Foundation

1. Table of contents for Yamuna Bridge
1. LAYING CUTTING EDGE..........................................................3

2. WELL CURB:.............................................................................5
3. WELL STEINING........................................................................8
4. WELL SINKING:.......................................................................12
5. BOTTOM PLUGGING & INTERMEDIATE PLUGGING...........17
6. WELL CAP:..............................................................................18
PROCESS INVOLVED IN CONSTRUCTION OF

YAMUNA BRIDGE- 2NOS (LHS+RHS)
SALIENT FEATURES OF YAMUNA BRIDGE IS AS FOLLOWS:
1 Foundation Well foundation

type
2 Shape Circular
3 Substructure Well cap, Pier, Pier cap, Abutment,

(RCC) Abutment cap

4 Superstructure Segmental / Box girder
:
5 Span details 17.5 x 60.0 meter
6 Total Length 840.0 meter
:
The detailed construction methodology for Laying of Cutting edge and Curb
concreting is as follows:
1. LAYING CUTTING EDGE

PRELIMINARY SURVEY:
The preliminary survey is to be carried out with approved construction drawings
towards up-stream & down-stream side to carry out confirmatory boreholes.
Bore holes will be done as per the guideline submitted by design consultant. It is
desired that bore hole at each well foundation location is done prior to starting of
sinking operation, to avoid future complications in sinking. Tender soil investigation
report (if any) is to be crosschecked with fresh soil investigation report.
DETAILED SURVEY:
Starting & End Chain age of Bridge, which is shown as Km. 235.275 & Km
236.115 is to be cross verified and a Permanent bench mark to be
established at location.
CUTTING EDGE:
It is circular in shape and it is the bottom most component of the foundation made up
of structural steel plates as specified in the drg. It is provided for cutting the soil
strata coming below the well during sinking operation. It also accelerates the
process of sinking. Fabrication of cutting edge will be done as per approved drawing.
MATERIAL PROCUREMENT:
Materials required for the fabrication of cutting edge shall be procured from an
authorized supplier with MTC and the same shall be received at the site fabrication
yard.
RECORDS/DOCUMENTS:
Test Certificates of Structural Steel procured shall be mandatory to be submitted for
each consignment received at site.
The received material shall be fabricated as follows:
FABRICATION OF CUTTING EDGE:

The MS Cutting Edge shall be fabricated from structural steel sections as per
drawings.
Cutting edge for 8.150 m wells shall be fabricated in 3 equal parts
Fabrication shall be carried out at fabrication yard near to bridge site over a rigid
platform.
The cutting edge shall be made from structural steel
confirming to section 1900. The weight of cutting edge shall
not be less than 40 kg/ m length.
METHODOLOGY FOR FABRICATION OF CUTTING EDGE:
* In order to ensure accuracy, fabrication templates, zigs, calibrated steel tapes
& other appurtenances shall be used.
* First MS plate of 16 mm thick shall be cut for reqd width by Manual Flame
cutting method
* The edges of the plates shall be made smooth and regular by removing slag
with the help of chipping hammer.
* The smoothened plate shall be bent using 50t/ 100 T hydraulic jacks for the
required curvature.
* A lay out shall be made on fabrication sheet floor for welding the plates
with angles. Fillet welding shall be done using ISI mark Electrodes of size 4 mm
x450mm (6013) conforming to IS: 814.
* After completion of first run, welding surface shall be chipped off by chipping
hammer and followed by second coat of welding to get the specified thickness
(8mm/6mm)
* 70 no’s 10 mm thick stiffeners plates shall be welded with a equal spacing in
position to the cutting edge with the specified shape as per drawing.
* The whole cutting edge will be split in to 3 segments and all the segments
shall be assembled over a platform to check the diameter of cutting edge..
* Joint number shall be assigned and all the segments shall be taken to site for
in situ welding.
RECORDS/DOCUMENTS:
 Progress Card for structural fabrication
 Checklist for structural fabrication
SAFETY MEASURES:
Welder shall be provided goggles for eye protection and protective clothing.
It shall be ensured arc-welding cables are completely insulated, flexible and capable
of handling the maximum current requirements of the work in progress and free of
exposed cuts.
ISLAND FOR CUTTING EDGE PLACING:
Making an artificial Island to provide a dry surface for placing the cutting edge therein
and carrying out further operation as per sinking on ground. This method can be
adopted in water where depth varies from 2 to 10m depths, which is stagnant or
flowing water. Where, already dry land is available, cutting edge is to be placed after
leveling the virgin ground at well cap top level.
ERECTION OF CUTTING EDGE:
The fabricated parts shall be taken to the location and segments of cutting edge shall
be erected over leveled and firm ground and wherever situation arises over Island.
The segments of cutting edge shall be laid at the existing ground level or 300mm
above prevailing water level in case of an Island over wooden sleepers placed below
the cutting edge at spacing of 500mm c/c.
Prefabricated segments of cutting edge shall be laid over wooden sleepers and after
keeping it in true level and alignment, the in-situ welding shall be done as per MORTH
specification with ISI mark welding Electrodes of size 4x450mm (6013).
Location of each and every wooden sleeper is to be marked by paint on the outer
surface of cutting edge and each sleeper should also bear mark on it. This is very
important for the purpose of knowing at the time of removing Sleepers that all
sleepers are removed and if any sleeper is missing, than at which location.
Otherwise, any sleeper not removed by mistake can cause very serious sinking
problem at later date.
2. WELL CURB:
SHUTTERING MATERIAL:
For 8.150 m dia Curb Inside and the outside shuttering shall be of steel shuttering
plates 4mm thk & ISMC 100x50.
ERECTION OF INSIDE SHUTTERING OF CURB:.
Before fixing inside curb shuttering, it shall be ensured that the center of assembled
cutting edge matches with the center of foundation surveyed earlier.
Prefabricated curb shuttering shall be erected and supported by spider & support
from inside, of which one side shall rest upon the cutting edge by bolting
arrangements.
REINFORCEMENT:
Reinforcement Bars shall conform to IS 1786 HYSD TMTFe-500 bars. It will be
procured from authorized vendors (SAIL/TISCO/RINL or other approved authorized
agency) and shall be kept in stacking beds at Reinforcement yard.
FIXING OF REINFORCEMENT IN CURB:

Bar Bending Schedule (BBS) is to be prepared by Engineer, which is necessarily to
be approved by ICT Engineer prior to cutting & bending. Reinforcement bars shall be
cut and bent as per approved Bar Bending Schedule and annealed MS binding wires
shall be used for tying in position. For outside vertical surface, vertical bars shall be
welded and fixed with the cutting edge as per drawing and there after the stirrups
and other inside reinforcement bars shall be fixed as per drawing and specification.
ERECTION OF OUTSIDE SHUTTERING:

After completion of reinforcement fixing work, outer shuttering will be erected on
cleat angles of100x100x10-150mm long welded to the cutting edge and the same will
be bolted by M12 bolts at bottom at 610 c/c. After fixing of shuttering, from outside,
Shuttering component shall be tied around by 2 nos. of 16mm Dia wire rope with turn
buckles (@ 900mm c/c). Top radial support will be provided for maintaining
uniformity of the well dimensions. Stay bolts (J) MS12mm Dia 600 c/c will be fixed on
top channel for resting 1st lift Steining shuttering on inside faces only.
INSPECTION AND CHECKING:

After completion of fixing of reinforcement and shuttering work, the curb shall be
inspected and checked as per drawing, specification and checklist formats as
mentioned below. For inspecting and movement of supervising staff, a detachable
inspection deck with guardrails shall be provided at the top of the well curb/ Steining
level. After completion of casting, the whole unit comprising several segments shall
be detached for reuse in the next lift of casting.
DOCUMENTS/RECORDS
Checklist for reinforcement
Steel Register
Checklist of Staging and Formwork
CONCRETING OF CURB:
MIX DESIGN:
The grade of Concrete M-30 using 20mm aggregate shall be produced as per the
method statement of concrete manufacturing submitted separately.
TESTING OF MATERIALS:
The suitability of ingredient materials of concrete shall be tested at the Quality

control laboratory and shall be approved by Engineer as per relevant specifications.
PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE:
The concrete shall be produced by automatic 90 Cu M per hour capacity batching
plant, which is to be installed within10KM near to the Bridge site.
The established Batching plant shall be calibrated and got checked by Engineer well
before commencement of production of concrete regularly as per approved quality
plan.
TRANSPORTATION AND PLACING:

The concrete shall be transported from batching plant to the location by means of
Transit Mixer having capacity of 6/7 cubic meters. Before placing of concrete,
Concrete pour card shall be submitted. The placing of concrete shall be done over a
well-prepared surface by crane bucket arrangement providing chutes/hopper.
Alternatively, (As per site condition, concrete pump also can be used)
 Detachable firm walk way/ ramp will be made ready for placing of
concrete.
 Fresh Concrete will be poured over a rigid platform beside ramp.
The placed concrete shall be compacted properly with the help of immersion type
needle vibrator having 60mm Dia. Finally top of the concrete surface shall be
roughened and the key block shall be left over to have a proper construction joint
with Steining well. All the concrete shall be done in one single operation. If
concreting is carried out at night, sufficient flood lighting arrangement shall be
provided for smooth functioning.
QUALITY CHECKS:
SLUMP TEST:
Slump shall be taken continuously for first 3 loads and thereafter slump shall be
taken periodically as directed by engineer at site. The same shall be recorded in
slump and temperature register.
CUBE TEST:
Cubes of size 150x150x150mm shall be taken. Number of cubes shall be taken as per
Table No.1700 in MORTH specification. The same shall be tested at the Q.C. lab for 7
day’s strength and 28 day’s strength and it will be entered in the cube test register.
REMOVAL OF SHUTTERING:
Outside shuttering plates shall be removed after 24 hours and inner shuttering plates
shall be removed after 72 hours.
CURING:
Bore well/River water shall be used for curing.
If river water is used for curing, also it shall be tested for quality in the lab, to ensure
that curing water would not affect the colour and quality of concrete surface.
Necessary pipeline arrangement shall be provided for carrying water for curing the
structures.
Hessian cloth shall be tied all over the periphery of the wells for continuous curing
and always be kept moist.
SAFETY MEASURES:
Technical personnel and workers are engaged during concreting operation both at
batching plant and Site shall be equipped with helmets, and safety shoes shall be
provided to masons and khalasis engaged for vibrator operations. There shall be
safety signs painted on boards displayed at locations at the time of work with
barricading / fencing to bar outsiders entering the area. There shall be security
guards posted at suitable locations. For night concreting, sufficient flood lighting as
appropriated shall be provided with red light danger signs at vantage locations. First
Aid Counter shall be maintained separately in stores throughout the working hours
3. WELL STEINING
WELL STEINING:
It is uniformly circular in shape and it completely rests over well curb. The height of
first lift of the steining to be cast above well curb shall not be more than 2m.followed
by 2.5m lifts ht.
STEINING OF ABUTMENT:
 No. Of Abutments: 2x2 Nos.
 Outside Diameter of well: 8.0 M
 Inside Diameter of well: 5.600 M
 Steining Thickness: 1.200 M
STEINING OF PIER:
 No. Of PIERS 13X 2 : 26 NO,S.
 Outside Diameter of well: 8.0 M.
 Inside Diameter of well: 5.00 M.
 Steining Thickness: 1.500 M.
STEINING ABOVE MSL:

 Outside Diameter of well: 7.0 M.
 Inside Diameter of well: 5.00 M.
 Stening Thickness: 1.00 M.
PLANT, MACHINERY AND MANPOWER PROPOSED TO BE DEPLOYED

FOR WELL STEINING & SINKING:
LIST OF PLANTS AND MACHINERY:

 Crane Tata Alc 955 - 9 No.
 Tata 440 crane P&H - 2 No.
 ¾ Cu. Yd. Grab - 12 No.
 5/8 Cu Yard grab - 1 No.
 Dumper/Tipper - 2 No.
MANPOWER:
 Supervisory staff:
 Assistant Engineer - 2 No.
 Sr. Foreman - 2 No.
 Supervisor - 1 No


Other Staff:
 Supervisor (Civil) - 2 No.

 Supervisor (Mech) - 1 No.
 Foreman (Mech) - 1 No.
 Electrician - 4 Nos.
 Mechanic - 1 Nos.
 Mechanical Helpers - 4 Nos.
SKILLED/UNSKILLED LABORS:
 Crane Operator - 14 Nos.
 Sinking Khalasis - 10 Nos.
 Masons - 4 Nos.
 Concreting labors - 50 Nos.

The detailed construction methodology for Well Steining is as follows:
MATERIAL PROCUREMENT:
Reinforcement bars of required diameter as specified in the drawing shall be

procured from authorized agency (SAIL/TISCO/RINL or other authorized agency)
Conforming to IS: 1786.
DOCUMENTS/RECORDS:
Checklist for inspection of materials (Cement/Structural Steel/ Reinforcement Steel)
REINFORCEMENT:
Reinforcement Bars shall conform to IS 1786 HYSD TMT Fe-500 bars. It will be
procured from authorized vendors (SAIL/TISCO/RINL or other approved authorized
agency) and shall be kept in stacking beds at Reinforcement yard.
FIXING OF REINFORCEMENT IN STEINING:
Treated reinforcement bars shall be cut and bent as per approved Bar Bending
Schedule. Outside vertical bars shall be welded and fixed with the cutting edge at the
time of laying of cutting edge. Thereafter other reinforcement bars shall be fixed for
the 1st lift of Steining as per the drawing with MS binding wires.
DOCUMENTS/RECORDS:
Check list of concreting
Approved BBS
SHUTTERING AND SUPPORTING ARRANGEMENTS:

Both Inside and Outside shuttering for well Steining shall be fabricated to the
required curvature by using MS plates of 4mm thick and ISMC 100x50 / ms pipe
Radial Supporting arrangement shall be done for inside shuttering supporting.
DOCUMENTS/RECORDS:
Checklist for staging and Formwork
CONCRETING:
After completion of well curb concreting and thereafter de-shuttering Inner and Outer
surfaces, gauge marking is to be done on the outer surface, taking bottom of the
cutting edge as 0.0 M. This marking shall be continued till top level of last lift of
Steining concreting and will be done after de-shuttering of each Steining lift.
DOCUMENTS/RECORDS:
Concrete Register
Reinforcement register
MIX DESIGN:
The grade of Concrete M-30 using 20mm aggregate shall be produced as per the
method statement submitted separately.
TESTING OF MATERIALS:
The suitability of ingredient materials of concrete shall be tested at the Quality
control laboratory and shall be approved by Engineer as per specification.
PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE:
The concrete shall be produced by Automatic batching plant having capacity of 90
Cu.M. per hour at installed near Bridge Site.
TRANSPORTATION AND PLACING:

The concrete shall be transported from batching plant to the location by means of
Transit Mixer having capacity of 6/7 cubic meters. Before placing of concrete,
Concrete pour card shall be submitted. The placing of concrete shall be done over a
well-prepared surface manually by providing chute if required. Alternatively crane
bucket arrangement may also be used for well Steining concreting. Concrete shall
be placed layer by layer of each 300mm depth. The placed concrete shall be
compacted properly with the help of immersion type needle vibrator having 60mm
Dia. Finally top of the concrete surface shall be roughened and the key block shall
be left over to have a proper construction joint with the further lifts.
QUALITY CHECKS:
Slump Test:
Slump shall be taken continuously for first 3 loads and thereafter slump shall be
taken for every one hour. The same shall be recorded in slump and temperature
register.
Cube Test:
Table No.1700 in MORTH specification.
The same shall be tested at the Q.C. lab for 7 day’s strength and 28 day’s strength
and it will be entered in the cube test register.
REMOVAL OF SHUTTERING:
Outside shuttering plates shall be removed after 12 hours and inner shuttering plates
shall be removed after 24 hours.
CURING:
Bore well/River water shall be used for curing.
A Bore well shall be bored on the bank of river .For Lifting the water suitable capacity
water pump shall be installed on the well. A main pipe of 1½” Dia (GI pipe) shall be
laid along the axis of the bridge to carry the water from the pump. The pipe shall run
parallel to all the well foundation and at each well location ¾ “ nipple shall be fixed to
the main pipe for continuous curing of the structure. Hessian cloth may also be tied
along the periphery of both inner and outer surfaces to get continuous curing and to
keep surface moist.
4. WELL SINKING:
REMOVAL OF SLEEPERS AND START OF SINKING:

* After gauge marking done on the outer surface 4 sides Four gauges shall be
marked (Two in traffic direction & two normal to traffic direction distributed equally on
the outer periphery of the well) each in the form of 100mm wide strip painted on the well,
with every meter marked in black paint on marking of the gauges shall be done carefully
and accurately with a steel tape. The gauges shall start with zero at bottom of the cutting
edge.
The removal of wooden sleepers underneath the cutting edge shall be started.
Initially alternate sleepers are removed one after one. Then sleepers are removed
opposite to each other in order to prevent tilt/shift.
* Likewise, all the sleepers shall be removed without disturbing the positioned
cutting edge.
* Inner portion of the well curb shall be manually/mechanically excavated very
carefully till the possible depth (approximately 2 M), there after excavation shall be
started mechanically with Grab using Suitable capacity Crane or Winch.
* Excavation is then started mechanically with grab using Crane and grab.
Likewise other Steining lifts shall be concreted and sunk till desired depth.
* Sinking Operation shall be continued till the well is approximately 0.5 M to 1. M
above bed level. After completion of 1st stage sinking, tilt/shift to be measured
& recorded.
PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING WELL SINKING:
Cutting edge should be checked for bend and twist. If any bend or twist will be there,
that should be rectified.
During the Curb and Steining concreting, care should be taken that there should not
be any slurry loss or honeycombing.
Removal of Sleepers below the cutting edge must be done very carefully and the
sinking Foreman must ensure that each sleeper is removed. In case, any sleeper is
missing, then it should be searched and to be removed in pieces. Any leftover
sleeper may cause serious tilt/ Shift problem during sinking at any stage.
After removal of sleepers, well will tend to sink on its own and may tilt heavily on any
direction. Sinking of Curb portion must be done manually till well is leveled and
sinking with Crane to be started after this.
Grabbing should be carried out evenly all around and equal sump is to be made to
avoid Tilt/ Shift.
At any stage, sump should never be more than 75% of existing Steining height above
Ground level or 1/6th of dia of well to avoid sudden sink of well.
Bore log shall be referred during sinking and soil sample to be collected as soon as
strata changes. The soil samples should be compared with Bore log to examine the
soil nature. Any variance of actual strata encountered vs. Tender Bore log should be
recorded jointly with clients and must be conveyed to site in charge by the section in
charge.
During the sinking, if Rock is encountered, it should be reported immediately to Site
in charge and Engineer.
If sand blow occurs, water should be filled inside the well and to be kept as near as
equal to outside water level.
Sufficient jungle bushes and dry grass is to be kept at site and to be provided outside
the well when sand blow occurs. This will prevent in further slipping/ blow of sand
and sometime acts as a very good measure for holding the sand.
GRABBING TIME IN HOURS AS PER TABLE
S. Well Dia Grabbing time in hours

No With 5/8 Cu With 3/4 Cu With 1 Cu Yd.
Yd. grab Yd. grab grab
1 8M 23 19 15
2 12 M 36 30 23
As per our proposed typical cycle time for completion of 1 No well sinking, two days
(48 Hours) are considered for sinking of a lift of 2.5 Mtrs; hence we will select the
grab, which keeps the optimum output without effecting cycle time.
Considering break down hours and other contingencies, total sinking time available
is 75% of schedule, i.e. 48 x 0.75 = 36 hours. Hence, any crane with suitable Grab
which can complete the sinking of 1 lift of 2.5 Mtr height within 36 hours is suitable
for our use.
Finally, following is the proposed deployment of Crane:
1. For 8 M Dia well Tata 440/Tata ALC955
Note:
These are the minimum requirement of Crane models and higher capacity Crane can
be provided which will further improve the cycle time.
1st lift of well Steining reinforcement is to be done and after concreting and shuttering
removal process is over, the well is again sunk. Steining is further extended. Care
should be taken during sinking process to avoid any Tilt/ Shift. If tilt/ Shift is there,
that should be under permissible limits as per MORTH.
The process is continued until the well reaches the founding Level. The top of the
Steining should always be kept at one Mtr. above the existing Water level.
During terminal stage, sinking of well , Grabbing operation is to be done slowly to
prevent excess sinking. Sump making to be done upto a maximum depth of 1/6 th of
Dia below the cutting Edge. Founding level and sump should be checked jointly
along with clients and permission for bottom Plugging to be obtained in writing.
If after making a sump of approx. 75% of exposed well height, well does not start
sinking, and if the strata is Clayey, then Chiseling is to be resorted. If after
continuous Chiseling for approx. 10-12 Hours, well does not moves, sump to be
checked and if hump is observed, slow Grabbing to be done. If even after doing all
these, well is not moved, then 2nd lift of Concrete is to be added. Care is to be taken
that well is continuously filled with water and water level inside the well is higher than
the River water level. There is every chance that well will start sinking, if we do
grabbing after de shuttering.
In case of sand blow, all plant and equipment, Crane, material kept within distance
equal to Dia of well (From Periphery) should be removed and safety ribbon to be
provided to prevent persons from entering that area.
Dredged material shall not be allowed to accumulate near the well. It shall be spread
as far as possible away from the well.
During the sinking, Tilt/ Shift of well should be checked on regular intervals and must
be recorded at the start and at the end of the shift.
Whenever, any Tilt/ Shift is noticed, adequate preventive measures like controlled
grabbing and chiseling to be done to make even sump to be done till the tilt is
rectified and well comes to leveled position. This will avoid unnecessary and cost
consuming methods like placing eccentric Kent ledge, pulling etc.
FINAL LIFT OF STEINING:

According to the depth of well, final lift height is to be decided and it is to
be pre-determined as to what will be the height of final lift. This is also
important from the point of view that if well is in water and well cap top
level is going to be submerged inside water, then false Steining of suitable
thickness is to be provided for trouble free sinking and well cap casting.
In order to facilitate the well cap construction, Steining final lift shall be modified as
follows: -
For bottom non-recoverable well cap shuttering.
Grooves shall be provided by providing shuttering boxes in the final lift Steining wall
to enable RCC beams to fit into the Steining wall. Size of grooves and number of
grooves shall be fabricated as mentioned in Drawings. After placing pockets,
Steining final lift shall be concreted with Crane Bucket arrangement. In order to have
proper construction joint with well cap, timber key blocks shall be left over the
surface of concreting.
FINAL STEINING LIFT SINKING:

The final lift of Steining shall be sunk until founding level as shown in drawing. Still if
the well does not reach the Founding level, and water level is high, a false wall (false
Steining) of 200mm thick of M30 grade concreting shall be done around the periphery
of wells. The height of false wall shall be pre determined according to depth of water
above proposed well cap top level. Generally, it should be kept 500 mm above if
water level is not much fluctuating. Then Sinking shall be continued till the well
reaches the founding level.Tilt of any well shall not exceed 1 (horizontal) in 80 (vertical).
The shift of the well i.e horizontal displacement of the center of the well at the founding level
from its theoretical position shall not be more than 150mm in any resultant direction. The tilt
& shift operation shall be recorded in the format given in appendix 1200.
After sinking of well to the foundation level, tilt and shift shall be recorded. It shall
be ensured within the tolerance limit of MORTH specification. Then sump shall be
made to a maximum of 1/6th Dia of well below the cutting edge. Finally, the founding
level and sump shall be checked jointly with Engineer for proceeding concreting for
bottom plug.
. Seating of well shall be done as per cl. No. 1208.11 of the MOST
specification.
DOCUMENTS/RECORDS:
Tilt/Shift report as per MORTH format Appendix1200/II
History of sinking as per MORTH format Appendix 1200/I-1
FURTHER SINKING:
During Final Stage of sinking of wells, grabbing operation shall be done slowly to
prevent excess sinking. A sump shall be made to a maximum of 1/6th Dia of well
below the cutting edge. Finally, the founding level and sump shall be checked jointly
with clients and permission for bottom plugging shall be obtained in writing. If in the
opinion of Engineer, well is to be further sunk, then same process is to be adopted as
mentioned above. Care to be taken for casting false Steining as required.
5. BOTTOM PLUGGING
BOTTOM PLUG CONCRETING:
After the sump is jointly measured, Erection of pre-cast RCC beams shall be started
in the grooves of top lift of Steining. First the center beam is erected exactly in the
pockets of Steining. Then two side beams on either side of the center beams shall
be erected. Beam dimensions and reinforcement details are mentioned in the
drawing. Then platform shall be made with channels and planks on the beams.
Tremie pipe and Hopper shall be used for bottom plugging concreting.
The volume of sump will be calculated by taking proper sounding at regular interval.
This should be done jointly with Engineer.
After calculating the volume, arrangement will be made for bottom plugging of well.
Concreting will be done by using Tremie and Hopper.
A concrete of 180- - 200 mm slump will be poured in hopper. Concrete pouring will
be done by Concrete bucket with Crane or winch.
Crane will do Lifting/ lowering of Tremie Hopper.
Care should be taken so that Tremie never comes out of Concrete till bottom
Plugging is over.
Checking of Concrete level of Bottom Plug is to be done by measuring sounding at
regular interval.
POURING SEQUENCE:
200 – 250 mm Dia Tremie pipe with hopper is to be placed in the center of well over
beams. It should be ascertained that Tremie length is sufficiently up till bottom of the
sump. There should be a clear gap of 300 mm below Tremie and sump.
Concrete of flowable slump (250 mm) should be used in Tremie. It should be carefully
seen that never ever during concreting operation, Tremie comes out of the concrete.
Removal of concrete pipes should be done cautiously till concrete is finished.
After Concreting, when 24 hours are over, the next day percolation test shall be
conducted. Dewatering shall be done and the rate of rise of water level shall be
measured as per clause 1298 of MORTH. If the rise in water level inside well is less
than 10 Cm per hour, then bottom plug is considered as good. . After 24 hours of
concreting, rise of water level if any, in the dredge hole shall be noted. The bottom
plug operation shall be done as per the cl. No. 1209 of MOST specification.
WATER FILLING
Potable river water shall be filled up to top level of Steining or bottom of well cap
before starting shuttering for well cap.
WELL CAP:

After water filling, pre-cast RCC slabs shall be placed over the RCC beams as per the
drawings, as non-recoverable bottom shuttering for well cap. Initially built false wall
shall act as outer shuttering for well cap casting. In case, there is no false wall, then
steel shuttering is to be put from outer side.
For well Steining and well cap shuttering, permissible tolerances are as follows: -
 Variation in dimension: +50 mm to –10mm
 Misplacement from specified Position in Plan: 15mm
 Variation of levels at the top: +/- 25mm
Placing of concrete shall be done by concrete pump/by crane with concrete bucket.
Mix design for Pumpable mix shall be done at the Q.C. Lab and got approved from
Engineer before hand.
Concrete of M35 grade with Maximum Size of 20mm aggregate shall be produced by
Batching plant of capacity 90 Cu.M. Per hour installed at suitable location near bridge
site. The concrete shall be carried by 4 Nos of transit mixers from batching plant to
the pouring point location. Slump shall be maintained between 75-125 mm
throughout the concreting. Before placing of concrete, Concrete pour card shall be
submitted. From Transit Mixer the concrete shall be poured either with Concrete
Pump or with Crane Bucket. The concrete shall be compacted thoroughly by
immersion type vibrator and it shall be ensured that no honeycombing should be
produced. On the top surface of well cap, at the contact area of Pier column/ or
Abutment wall, surface shall be roughened and key blocks shall be left over the
surface after concreting for proper construction joints.
CURING OF CONCRETE:
Bore well water shall be used for curing.
Necessary pipeline arrangement shall be provided for carrying water for curing the
structures. Water Ponding shall be done over the surface of well cap for continuous
curing. In addition, Hessian cloth shall be tied all over the periphery of the walls for
continuous curing. Curing shall be continued for 14 days.
TESTING & SAMPLING PROCEDURES:

Slump Test : Slump shall be taken continuously for first 3 loads and
thereafter slump shall be taken periodically as per the direction of
Engineer. The same shall be recorded in Concrete Pouring Report.
Cube Test:
Table No.1700 in most specification.
The same shall be tested at the Q.C .Lab for 7 day’s strength and 28 day’s strength
and it will be entered in the cube test register.
SAFETY MEASURES:
Technical personnel and workers who are engaged during concreting operation both
at batching plant and Site shall be equipped with helmets, and safety shoes shall be
provided to masons and khalasis engaged for vibrator operations. There shall be
safety signs painted on boards displayed and barricading / fencing shall be done.
There shall be security guards posted at suitable locations. For night -concreting,
sufficient flood lighting shall be provided with red light danger signs at vantage
locations. First Aid Counter shall be maintained separately in stores throughout the
working hours.

Methodology Well Foundation at Yamuna River

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GAWAR CONSTRUCTION LIMITED

Development of Bundelkhand Expressway (Package-V) From Saalabad (Dist. Jalaun) to Bakhariya

Methodology of Well Foundation For Major

Client Authority Engineer EPC Contractor

Methodology of Well Foundation

1. LAYING CUTTING EDGE..........................................................3

PROCESS INVOLVED IN CONSTRUCTION OF

1 Foundation Well foundation

3 Substructure Well cap, Pier, Pier cap, Abutment,

(RCC) Abutment cap

1. LAYING CUTTING EDGE

FABRICATION OF CUTTING EDGE:

ERECTION OF INSIDE SHUTTERING OF CURB:.

FIXING OF REINFORCEMENT IN CURB:

ERECTION OF OUTSIDE SHUTTERING:

INSPECTION AND CHECKING:

The suitability of ingredient materials of concrete shall be tested at the Quality

TRANSPORTATION AND PLACING:

STEINING ABOVE MSL:

PLANT, MACHINERY AND MANPOWER PROPOSED TO BE DEPLOYED

LIST OF PLANTS AND MACHINERY:

 Supervisor (Civil) - 2 No.

Reinforcement bars of required diameter as specified in the drawing shall be

FIXING OF REINFORCEMENT IN STEINING:

SHUTTERING AND SUPPORTING ARRANGEMENTS:

TRANSPORTATION AND PLACING:

REMOVAL OF SLEEPERS AND START OF SINKING:

PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING WELL SINKING:

GRABBING TIME IN HOURS AS PER TABLE

S. Well Dia Grabbing time in hours

Finally, following is the proposed deployment of Crane:

1. For 8 M Dia well Tata 440/Tata ALC955

FINAL LIFT OF STEINING:

FINAL STEINING LIFT SINKING:

TESTING & SAMPLING PROCEDURES:

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