Description of individual blocks  Torque Loading

1. 3 Phase Asynchronous Machine Block  Speed Loading

We choose ‘Torque Loading’ as we are interested in

simulating the load test on the machine.

The block provides 3 frames of reference:

 Rotor
 Stationary
 Synchronous
This block is available under the SimPowerSystems
blockset. It is the block which simulates a 3 phase We choose ‘Stationary’ because it is best suited for
induction motor, both ‘Squirrel Cage’ and ‘Slip Ring’. modelling, as recommended in the ‘Help’ section.
The properties of the block are shown below:
Parameters Tab
Configuration Tab

This is a very simple and straight forward block. We

The rotor type provides an option to choose between require entering the machine parameters here. Since
a ‘Squirrel Cage’ and a ‘Wound Rotor (Slip Ring)’ the machine is rated 5HP at 440 V, 50Hz, with 1 HP =
machine. For both kinds the procedure of entering the 746 W, we enter the value of nominal power as 3730 W.
values is the same. The values for resistance and inductance for rotor and
stator and mutual inductance are entered as calculated
The block contains a number of preset models. But
previously while solving the per phase equivalent circuit
since we are modelling the machine present in our
of the motor.
laboratory, we choose the ‘Preset Model’ option as
‘No’. Note: It
is observable that there is no place to enter the value of
There are two ways by which the machine can be
the shunt resistance. Actually SIMULINK by itself assigns
loaded:
 a value to the resistance depending upon the values of We enter the Vrms = 400 V and the frequency as 50 Hz.
the other parameters we enter.
4. Voltage and Current Measurement Block
2. 3 Phase Series RLC Branch Block

These blocks are found in the SimPowerSystems blockset

This block is present in the SimPowerSystems blockset and are used just like we use voltmeters and ammeters
and it allows us introduce resistance to the rotor of a in a physical experiment.
slip ring machine. The original block on the left can be
suitably converted to the one on the right by choosing 5. RMS Block
the option ‘R’ in ‘Branch Type’ as shown: This block is found in the
SimPowerSystems blockset and is
used to process the ‘rms’ values
of the outputs of the voltage and current measurements
blocks.

6. Fourier Block

This block is found in the

SimPowerSystems blockset and is
used to calculate both ‘magnitude’
and ‘angle’ of a signal. The output
of ‘magnitude’ can be further

3. 3 Phase Programmable Voltage Source

Block

divided by √ 2 to get the rms value. The output of

This block is found in the SimPowerSystems blockset ‘angle’ can be used to calculate the power factor ( cos ϕ)
and used as the source for excitation of the later.
asynchronous machine block. It can be used to model
the harmonics in the voltage wave forms also, but here
we did not use that feature. The neutral point of this
block ‘N’ has to be connected to a ground block.

We enter the frequency as 50 Hz and since we want the

analysis of the fundamental component we enter ‘1’ in
the ‘Harmonic’ space
7. Active & Reactive Power Block

This block is found in the

SimPowerSystems blockset
and is used to calculate both
‘Active’ and ‘Reactive’ Note: We can have the other quantities like ‘Rotor
powers. But it is required that the input at the ‘V’ and Current’, ‘Stator Current’ also at the display.
‘I’ terminal is provided from the output of the Voltage
and Current Measurement blocks. Since we wanted the measurements of the torque
and speed output of the machine, we selected the
corresponding signals from the available options on
the left side as shown in figure below.

9. Display Block

This block can found in the ‘Sinks’

section of Simulink blockset. It is
used to display numerical values.

We enter the frequency as 50 Hz.

8. Bus Selector Block

This block can be found in the ‘Signal

Routing’ section of the ‘Simulink’ blockset. It
We choose the format as ‘Bank’ because it displays the
is used to route the information available at
values rounded off to 2 decimal points which are sufficient
the ‘m’ port of the ‘Asynchronous Machine’
for us.
block for other purposes.
 c. Slider Block

This block takes the input from a any

source (in our model, a constant
10. Mathematical Blocks source) and allows the user to
a. Ramp Block conveniently change the value with a pre-multiplication
This block can be found in the factor the user specifies. It is analogous to a potential
‘Sources’ section of the Simulink divider.
blockset. It generates a ramp output
according to the slope we mention after the time
we mention. It is used in the machine environment
to act as a load which increases linearly with time.

This block is being fed by a constant source of 25. We

have selected the ‘Low’ to be 0 and ‘High’ to be 1.2, which
means that 25*1.2 = 30 ❑ 0 ≤ Output≤ 30.
⇒

d. Commonly used Math Operations blocks

These blocks are found in the Math Operations

section of the Simulink blockset. The purposes
are:

Addition Block: It is used to add two incoming

signals. In our case, it is used to add the
outputs of the power measurement blocks
b. Constant Block
Gain Block: It is used to multiply the incoming
This block can be found in the
signal with a factor specified by the user. In our
‘Sources’ section of the Simulink
case, it is used at various places, e.g. to find the
blockset. It generates a constant
rms from the output of Fourier blocks.
output according to the value we mention. It is used
in the machine environment to act as a source to the Divide Block: It is used to divide, element by
slider. element, two incoming signals. In our case, it is
used for the calculation of efficiency.

Dot Product Block: It is used to multiply,

element by element, two incoming signals. In
our case, it is used to find the ‘Output Power’.

Trigonometric Function Block: It is used to do a

given trigonometric function. In our case, it is used to
find the power factor ( cos ϕ).
e.