Scribd
Upload
296 views

Slides 16-27

Uploaded by

api-189616674
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
296 views

Slides 16-27

Uploaded by

api-189616674
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

Lever

A lever is a solid bar that rotates, or turns,


around a fixed point.
The fixed point is called a fulcrum.
A lever can multiply the input force and
change the direction of the force.
The way in which a lever changes an input
force depends on the position of the fulcrum.
First Class Lever

Common examples
of first-class levers
include crowbars,
scissors, pliers, tin
snips and seesaws.
First Class Lever

Fulcrum is between EF (effort) and RF (load)


Effort moves farther than Resistance.
Multiplies EF and changes its direction

The mechanical advantage of a lever is the ratio of the length


of the lever on the applied force side of the fulcrum to the
length of the lever on the resistance force side of the fulcrum.
Second Class Lever
Examples of
second-class
levers include
nut crackers,
wheel barrows,
doors, and
bottle openers.
Second Class Lever

RF (load) is between fulcrum and EF


Effort moves farther than Resistance.
Multiplies EF, but does not change its direction
The mechanical advantage of a lever is the ratio of the
distance from the applied force to the fulcrum to the
distance from the resistance force to the fulcrum.
Third Class Lever
Examples of
third-class levers
include tweezers,
arm hammers,
and shovels.
Third Class Lever

EF is between fulcrum and RF (load)


Does not multiply force
Resistance moves farther than Effort.
Multiplies the distance the effort force travels
The mechanical advantage of a lever is the ratio of the
distance from the applied force to the fulcrum to the
distance of the resistance force to the fulcrum
Wheel & Axle

The wheel and axle act like a rotating


collection of levers.

The axle is like a fulcrum.

When the axle turns the wheel, there is


greater distance and therefore less force
that needs to be applied from the axle.
Wheel & Axel

The axle is stuck


rigidly to a large
wheel.
Fan blades are
attached to the
wheel. When the axel
turns, the fan blades
spin.
Wheel and Axel
® The mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle is the
ratio of the radius of the wheel to the radius of the axle.

1 5

® In the wheel and axle illustrated above, the radius of the


wheel is five times larger than the radius of the axle.
Therefore, the mechanical advantage is 5:1 or 5.
® The wheel and axle can also increase speed by
applying the input force to the axle rather than a wheel.
This increase is computed like mechanical advantage.
This combination would increase the speed 5 times.
Pulleys
Pulleys are wheels and
axles with a groove
around the outside

The single pulley


makes work easier by
changing the direction
of the force

A pulley needs a rope,


chain, or belt around
the groove to make it
do work
Diagrams of Pulleys
Fixed pulley:
A fixed pulley changes the
direction of a force;
however, it does not create
a mechanical advantage.

Movable Pulley: The mechanical advantage


of a moveable pulley is
equal to the number of
ropes that support the
moveable pulley.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy