Starea Plană de Tensiune: Metoda Diferentelor Finite

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Starea plană de tensiune

Metoda diferentelor finite


( 2 2 F ) i = 0

 

1 1  

 

 


bara
contur

2      
contur
extracontur
bara contur
F
N=
n

F
T=



s

Fc = M c  F 
  = Nc Fe = Fi + 2N c
 n c
Operatorii de derivare:

4


2 -4 (1+  ) 2
2 2 2 2


 2 2
= 1 -4(1+ )
2
2 (3+ 4 + 3 )
2 4
-4(1+ )
2
1 x
1
 i  4

2 -4  (1+  ) 2
2 2 2 2

x
 =

4 y
   

(x)i =   yF  = Fs −2Fyi + Fo =


2
1
-2 x

2
i
2
i y 2

(y)i =  xF  = Fj −2Fxi + Fl


2 1
= 1 -2 1 x
x 2
 i
2 2 i

-1 1

(xy)i = −   F  = − Ft + Fn − Fp− Fr = 


2

i x
 x yi  x y  x y

1 -1
Simetrie si antisimetrie:


−  −
− −

− −


p0

2a Exemplu: Banda elastica cu


x
incarcare in echilibru.
4a
a a

y p0
18a

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31

42 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 42

43 29 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 29 43
a
44 30 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 30 44
a x
43 29 29 43
a
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 99 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
42 42
a
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31

a a a a y
- Necunoscute: valorile functiei de tensiuni F, in puncte discrete aflate la interiorul domeniului
p
SB

p
pa
p
pa pa
2
pa2 pa
2pa 2 3pa 2
4pa 2 5pa 2 + 2 6pa 2 5pa
2 4pa 2 3pa
2 2pa
2

pa
6pa 2 7pa 2
8pa 2 8.5pa 2 8pa 2 7pa

M 2
2 7pa
2 8pa 2 8.5pa 8pa 2 7pa 2
2 5pa 6pa
2 6pa 2 5pa 2
3pa 2 4pa 4pa 2 3pa 2 2pa 2
pa2 2pa
2
+ pa 2

pa pa

pa pa
pa pa

pa
N pa
p
 Fc = M c
- -
pa pa


pa

 Fe = Fi + 2aN c
Ecuatia de biarmonicitate:

 4
F  4
F  4
F
  F =0 4 +2 2 2 + 4 =0
2 2
i x i x y i y i
- Pentru pas de divizare egal pe ambele directii:

2 −8 2
1
 2 2 F = 1 −8 20
i
−8 1 
i
a4
2 −8 2

1
2F 1 2F 1
x = 2 = − 2i  2 y = 2 = 1 -2 1 
i
y i a i x i i a2
1

-1 1
2F 1
 xy =− = i 
i xy i 1 -1 4a 2
Matricea valorilor discrete ale functiei de tensiuni:

 0 0 F.1 F.2 F.3 F.4 F.5 F.6 F.7 F.8 F.9 F.8 F.7 F.6 F.5 F.4 F.3 F.2 F.1 0 0 
 
 −a2 p 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
0 a  p 2 a  p 3 a  p 4 a  p 5 a  p 6 a  p 7 a  p 8 a  p 8.5 a  p 8 a  p 7 a  p 6 a  p 5 a  p 4 a  p 3 a  p 2 a  p a  p 0
2
−a  p

 
 F − 2 a2 p 0 F.1 F.2 F.3 F.4 F.5 F.6 F.7 F.8 F.9 F.8 F.7 F.6 F.5 F.4 F.3 F.2 F.1 0 F.1 − 2 a  p 
2
 .1 
f → F 2 2 
 .10 − 2 a  p 0 F.10 F.11 F.12 F.13 F.14 F.15 F.16 F.17 F.18 F.17 F.16 F.15 F.14 F.13 F.12 F.11 F.10 0 F.10 − 2 a  p

 2 2 
 F.1 − 2 a  p 0 F.1 F.2 F.3 F.4 F.5 F.6 F.7 F.8 F.9 F.8 F.7 F.6 F.5 F.4 F.3 F.2 F.1 0 F.1 − 2 a  p 
 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 
 −a  p 0 a  p 2 a  p 3 a  p 4 a  p 5 a  p 6 a  p 7 a  p 8 a  p 8.5 a  p 8 a  p 7 a  p 6 a  p 5 a  p 4 a  p 3 a  p 2 a  p a  p 0 −a  p 
 
 0 0 F.1 F.2 F.3 F.4 F.5 F.6 F.7 F.8 F.9 F.8 F.7 F.6 F.5 F.4 F.3 F.2 F.1 0 0

Sistemul de ecuatii (18 necunoscute = 18 ecuatii):
2
23 F1 − 6  p  a − 8  F2 + F3 − 8  F10 + 2  F11 = 0
Solutia sistemului
 1.0000311 
 
2
22 F2 − 8  F1 − 8  p  a − 8  F3 + F4 + 2  F10 − 8  F11 + 2  F12 = 0

2  2.0006178 
F1 − 12 p  a − 8  F2 + 22 F3 − 8  F4 + F5 + 2  F11 − 8  F12 + 2  F13 = 0
 3.002844 
2
F2 − 16 p  a − 8  F3 + 22 F4 − 8  F5 + F6 + 2  F12 − 8  F13 + 2  F14 = 0  4.0090075 
2
 
F3 − 20 p  a − 8  F4 + 22 F5 − 8  F6 + F7 + 2  F13 − 8  F14 + 2  F15
 5.022549 
2
F4 − 24 p  a − 8  F5 + 22 F6 − 8  F7 + F8 + 2  F14 − 8  F15 + 2  F16 = 0
 6.0440999 
 7.0532687 
2
F5 − 28 p  a − 8  F6 + 22 F7 − 8  F8 + F9 + 2  F15 − 8  F16 + 2  F17 = 0  
2 2  7.946439 
F6 − 8  F7 + 23 F8 − 8  F9 + 2  F16 − 8  F17 + 2  F18 − 50 a  p + 17.0  a  p = 0
 8.3428974  2
2 2 Fi :=    p a
2  F7 − 16 F8 + 22 F9 + 4  F17 − 8  F18 + 32 a  p + −68.0  a  p = 0
 1.0001481

4  F2 − 16 F1 + 21 F10 − 8  F11 + F12 = 0
 2.0012844 
2
4  p  a + 4  F1 − 16 F2 + 4  F3 − 8  F10 + 20 F11 − 8  F12 + F13 = 0  3.0051903 
 
 
2 4.015404
6  p  a + 4  F2 − 16 F3 + 4  F4 + F10 − 8  F11 + 20 F12 − 8  F13 + F14 = 0

2  5.0365564 
8  p  a + 4  F3 − 16 F4 + 4  F5 + F11 − 8  F12 + 20 F13 − 8  F14 + F15 = 0
 6.0671561 
2
10 p  a + 4  F4 − 16 F5 + 4  F6 + F12 − 8  F13 + 20 F14 − 8  F15 + F16 = 0
 
 7.072517 
2
12 p  a + 4  F5 − 16 F6 + 4  F7 + F13 − 8  F14 + 20 F15 − 8  F16 + F17 = 0  7.9163879 
 
 8.2716009 
2
14 p  a + 4  F6 − 16 F7 + 4  F8 + F14 − 8  F15 + 20 F16 − 8  F17 + F18 = 0

2
16 p  a + 4  F7 − 16 F8 + 4  F9 + F15 − 8  F16 + 21 F17 − 8  F18 = 0

2
8  F8 − 16 F9 + 2  F16 − 16 F17 + 20 F18 + 17.0  a  p = 0
0.2
Sectiunea 1
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
-0.2

-0.4
0 0

-0.6

-0.8 2 0
2
-1 -1 −
0.2 2
Sectiunea 2 1 1,34 1,34
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
2
-0.2

-0.4

0
-0.6
4 2 4 2
-0.8 -0.7929168

-1

c=a
Sectiunea 3
0.2
c/h=1/2=0.5
0
h=2a
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
-0.2 1.34h=2.68a
-0.4

-0.6
-0.710426
-0.8

-1
Comparatie cu MEF
MEF
0.2

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

-0.2

-0.4

-0.6

-0.8 -0.779008

-1

0.2

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

-0.2

-0.4

-0.6

-0.8 -0.762832

-1

DF
0.2

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

-0.2

-0.4

-0.6

-0.710426
-0.8

-1

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