Auguis, Honey Joy A.

BSEDEN 2-1D
Joven, Jullianne Hyacinth E.
Langcauon, Justine F.

Lesson Plan for Grade 8 Students

LESSON OUTCOMES:

LESSON STRUCTURE:

Time Introduction (Set): Teaching Approaches

15 ● Visualization through
minutes Facilitate the class in recalling the previous lesson about the use of PowerPoint
literature and literary pieces. Remind the students about Presentation
the specific examples. Then, the teacher shall introduce ● Grouping activity
the next topic, which is the Elements of a Short Story. ● Interactive discussion

Next, the teacher shall organize a short activity for the

learners as their ice breaker or motivational exercise. The
teacher will present a set of jumbled letters which
correspond to each of the particular elements of a short
story. The learners will be divided into groups. The
teacher will show one jumbled word at a time with the use
of PowerPoint Presentation. The first student to raise their
hand will be allowed to guess the answer for their group.
In case no students raise their hands, the teacher will
randomly call someone to take a guess. The group/s with
the highest score will receive an additional point in their
Homework.

After the motivational activity, the teacher shall

summarize the purpose of the activity, which is to
introduce the elements of a short story. Then, the class
will proceed to the main discussion.
 Time Main Content: Teaching Approaches
● Lecture
35 Lead the class in brainstorming about the characteristics ● Brainstorming
minutes that they believe define a short story (i.e. the length, the ● Videotapes/ Slides/
number of characters, the time, a well-defined plot). Help Digital Presentations
the class create a working definition of the short story.
Then, the teacher may proceed with the discussion using
the PowerPoint presentation.

Elements of a Short Story:

1. Setting- The setting of a short story is the time and

place in which it happens. Authors often use
descriptions of landscape, scenery, buildings, and
seasons, or whether to provide a strong sense of
setting.
2. Characters- A character is a person, or sometimes
even an animal, who takes part in the action of a
short story or other literary work.

a. Protagonist

The protagonist is likely a pretty familiar concept for most

of us: this is the main character, the big cheese, the star of
the show. Most of the action centers around them, and
they’re the ones we’re meant to care about the most.

b. Antagonist

If you’re an antagonist, you antagonize — it’s what you

do. Specifically, you undermine, thwart, battle, or
otherwise oppose one character: the protagonist.

c. Static

A static character is a type of character who remains

largely the same throughout the storyline. Their
environment may change, but they retain the same
personality and outlook as they had at the beginning of the
story. It's common for secondary characters in stories to be
static.

d. Dynamic

A dynamic character learns a lesson or changes as a

person (either for better or for worse). Most main
characters and major characters in stories are dynamic.
Dynamic characters are the opposite of static characters;
while dynamic characters change throughout a story, static
characters stay the same.
e. Round

A round character is a character that is well-developed in

the story. The reader knows details about this character
because they are important to the plot and to how this
character's actions advance the plot. In other words, a
round character is more complex, and like a real person,
the character has depth and emotion.

f. Flat

A flat character is a character with little to no complex

emotions, motivations, or personality. They also don't
undergo any kind of change to make them more
well-rounded. In other words, they're the opposite of a
"round character," who has a fully fleshed-out profile and
changes throughout the story.

3. Conflict- A conflict is a literary device

characterized by a struggle between two opposing
forces. Conflict provides crucial tension in any
story and is used to drive the narrative forward.

a. Internal conflict is when a character struggles with

their own opposing desires or beliefs. It happens within
them, and it drives their development as a character.

b. External conflict sets a character against

something or someone beyond their control. External
forces stand in the way of a character’s motivations and
create tension as the character tries to reach their goals.

4. Plot- It is literally the sequence of events and, in

that sequence, we learn more about the characters,
the setting, and the moral of the story. In a way, the
plot is the trunk from which all the other elements
of a story grow.

a. Exposition

This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here

the characters are introduced. We also learn about the
setting of the story.

b. Rising Action

This part of the story begins to develop the conflict(s). A

building of interest or suspense occurs.

c. Climax

This is the turning point of the story. Usually, the main

character comes face to face with a conflict.

d. Falling Action
 This is the turning point of the story. Usually, the main
character comes face to face with a conflict.

e. Resolution or Denouement

The conflict is resolved and the story comes to a

reasonable ending.

5. Theme- The theme is the central idea or belief in a

short story.

After showing the PowerPoint presentation of the

Elements of a Short Story to the class, the teacher may
share her screen and play a video about a short story
entitled “The hardworking confectioner”. Let the students
analyze the story by answering the following questions:

1. Where is the setting of the story?

2. Who are the main characters of the story? Specify
what type of character they belong to.
3. What is the conflict of the story?
4. What is the central idea or theme in the story?
5. Why do you think the elements of a short story are
important to us readers?

Video Reference:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dT9ZeKwbVhk

Time Conclusion: Teaching Approaches

● Visualization
The teacher shall ask any student from the class to recite ● Reading
10 the parts of the lessons that they find the most interesting. Comprehension
minutes This will help the teacher to know if the students have ● Identification
retained the lesson. Then, the teacher must synthesize the ● Brainstorming
whole discussion.

To conclude the day, the students shall answer the

following questions that serve as their assignment for the
next meeting:

1. If you were the author of the story presented in the

previous discussion, how will you end the story?
Write at least a paragraph of your version of its
ending.
2. Read the short story through this link:
https://www.acschools.org/cms/lib/PA01916405/C
entricity/Domain/399/A%20Dolls%20House.pdf
Then, identify the elements of the story
(Characters, Setting, Plot, and Theme).
RESOURCES
(Include equipment required for class and/or for teacher preparation)

SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS/MATERIALS

ASSESSMENT
REFLECTION

Questions to ponder after the discussion (students):

1. What did I learn in today’s discussion?

2. What is/are the part/s that I found difficult to understand?
3. Why did I find it difficult to understand?
4. What are the things that I could do to understand that part?
5. What things about the lesson do I want to know more about?
6. How will I learn about them?
7. What is the importance of today’s lesson?
8. Where and when can I apply the learning from the discussion?
9. Did I easily understand how to use Quizlet?
10. Did I face difficulties in using Quizlet?

Questions to reflect on after the discussion (teacher):

1. Did all my teaching materials are maximized during the discussion?

2. Did I meet all of the learning objectives?
3. Are my teaching strategies effective?
4. What are the parts that my students had a hard time understanding?
5. Why did they fail to understand those parts?
6. What should I do to teach those parts effectively?
7. What were the problems that I faced while teaching?
8. Did I successfully integrate Quizlet into my class assessment?
9. What were the difficulties, if any, I met in using Quizlet?
10. How did I solve these issues?