Review Innovations CE Review for Nov 2022 - Hydraulics 2

TOTAL HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE Liquid Below the Body:

A. PLANE SURFACE

Force: Location:
At
I
P =  hA e=
Ay

P = total hydrostatic pressure on plane area “A” subjected to

liquid (kN)
e = distance of the center of pressure “cp” below the center
of gravity “cg” along the body (m)
Force Components: Locations:
h = distance of the cg below the liquid surface “l.s.”, on the
vertical (m)
I
y = distance of the cg below the l.s. along the body (m) Ph = hA → e= (same as plane surface)
Ay
I = moment of inertia of A with respect to its centroidal axis
Pv = Vol → at the c.g. of volume or
(m4) centroid of At
Pv = At L

1. A circular gate 1.5 m. in diameter is inclined at an angle

of 45°. Fresh water stands on one side of the gate to a
height of 10 m. above the center of the gate.
a. Evaluate the total force on the gate.
b. Locate the point of action of the total force from
the bottom on the plane of the gate.
c. If the gate is hinged at the top, evaluate the force
normal to the gate at the bottom that will require
to open it in kN.

2. A tank containing water is shown. Calculate the total

resultant force acting on side ABCD of the container and
the location of the center of pressure.

3. The gate AB shown in Figure is hinged at A and kept

closed by a force P at B. Determine the nearest value to
B. CURVED SURFACE the:
a. Total force exerted by oil on the gate.
b. Location of this total force from A.
Force: P = Ph 2 + Pv 2
c. Determine the force of oil on the gate if the
pressure at the oil surface is -18 kPa.
P = total hydrostatic pressure on a curved surface (kN).
Ph = horizontal component; total hydrostatic pressure on
plane area “A” which is the projection of the curved one
on the vertical.
Pv = vertical component; weight of liquid whose volume is
traced by moving the curve vertically “upward” until
the liquid surface or its extension.

Liquid Above the Body:

4. The 5-m wide sluice gate “ab” shown, tangent to the

At vertical wall at “a”, holds back water. The surface of the
gate in contact with the water can be taken as part of a
cylinder with radius 4 m.
a. Determine the horizontal force acting on the
curve.
b. Determine the total force on the curve.
c. Determine the location of the vertical force from
pt. “a”.

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 Review Innovations CE Review for Nov 2022 - Hydraulics 2
7. Isosceles triangle gate AB is hinged at A and weighs 1500
N. What horizontal force P is required at point B for
equilibrium?
(Ans. 18 kN)

5. The tank shown in Figure is 3 m wide into the paper.

Neglect atmospheric pressure. Unit weight of water is
9.79 kN/m3. Determine the nearest value to the:
a. vertical component of the total hydrostatic force
on the quarter-circle panel AB, in kN. (Ans.
1164.1)
b. resultant hydrostatic force acting on the quarter- 8. A vertical plane area having the shape shown is
circle panel AB, in kN. (Ans. 1505.4) immersed in an oil bath (specific weight = 8.75 kN/m3).
c. angle that the resultant hydrostatic force make Determine the magnitude of the resultant force acting on
with the horizontal, in degrees. (Ans. 50.6) one side of the area as a result of the oil.
(Ans. 373.3 kN)

9. An open tank has a vertical partition and on one side

contains gasoline with a density ρ = 700 kg/m3 at a depth
of 4 m as shown. A rectangular gate that is 4 m high and
2 m wide and hinged at one end is located in the partition.
Water is slowly added to the empty side of the tank. At
what depth h, will the gate start to open?
(Ans. 3.55 m)
6. Gate AB in the figure is semicircular, hinged at B, and
held by horizontal force P at A.
a. Determine the hydrostatic force acting on the
gate. (Ans. 932.9 kN)
b. Determine the location of the hydrostatic force
from point A. (Ans. 1.82 m)
c. What force P is required for equilibrium? (Ans.
366.8 kN)

10. A 3-m diameter open cylindrical

tank contains water and has a
hemispherical bottom as shown.
Determine the magnitude, line of
action, and direction of the force
of the water on the curved
bottom.
(Ans. 485.4 kN; The force is
directed vertically downward
and due to symmetry, it acts on
the hemisphere along the vertical
axis of the cylinder)

Manila FB: @ReviewInnovationsOfficial Davao FB: Review Innovations Davao Branch

 (02) 8735-9161 0919-227-9194  (082) 221-1121 0930-256-0998