HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN ORGANIZATION

MIDTERMS EXAMINATION

1.) No matter how effective a manager might be, all

organizational successes, and failures, are the results of
a. effective strategic planning.
b. comprehensive human resource selection.
c. the organizations themselves.
d. the behaviors of many people.
e. the dynamics of the reward system of the organization.

2.) Organizational behavior (OB) includes the study of all of

the following, except
a. international trade laws.
b. the interface between people and organizations.
c. human behavior in organizations.
d. organizations themselves.
e. All of these are included in OB.

3.) The goal of a consultant hired to solve a problem in an

organization should be to
a. recognize that the organization has always been this way and
little can be done to change it.
b. learn as much as possible about the organization and the
people within it.
c. generate an action plan, with specific targets and completion
dates.
d. focus exclusively on changing the reward system, since
everything else depends on it.
e. make sure employees know the consultant has come to solve the
company’s problems.

4.) Which is not an important reason for understanding

organizational behavior?
a. Most people are born and educated in organizations.
b. Government organizations regulate many of our activities.
c. Most employees will eventually become business managers.
d. Organizational behavior offers specific perspectives on the
human side of management.
e. Most adults spend the better part of their lives working in
organizations.

5.) Organizational behavior focuses on

a. the economic side of management.
b. the control side of management.
c. the human side of management.
d. the financial side of management.
e. the production side of management.

6.) Which of the following managers would you be least likely to

find in an organization?
a. Chief financial officer
b. Marketing manager
c. Director of public relations
d. Vice president for human resources
e. Organizational behavior manager

7.) The four groups of resources that organizations use in the

pursuit of their goals and objectives include
a. organizing, directing, decision making, and planning.
b. investors, employees, unions, and government regulators.
c. human, financial, physical, and/or information.
d. spokesperson, figurehead, liaison, and monitor.
e. time management skills, technical skills, transactional, and
job design.

8.) Leading is the process of

a. designing jobs, grouping jobs into units, and establishing
patterns of authority between jobs and units.
b. determining the organization’s desired future position and
deciding how best to get there.
c. motivating the organization’s members to work together toward
the organization’s goals.
d. monitoring and correcting the actions of the organization and
its members to keep them directed toward their goals.
e. utilizing organizational resources with the ultimate goal of
attaining organizational goals efficiently and effectively.

9.) A manager who creates and staffs a new sales division within
the organization is performing which managerial function?
a. Planning
b. Organizing
c. Controlling
d. Supervising
e. Leading

10.) ______________________ suggests that in most organizations

situations and outcomes are influenced by other variables.
a. The systems approach to management
b. The conceptual approach to management
c. The situational perspective
d. The interactionalism approach to management
e. None of these
11.) Evaluating performance, implementing reward systems, and
verifying inventory levels are all examples of
a. leading.
b. decision making.
c. organizing.
d. planning.
e. controlling.

12.) A manager who develops a new chemical formula for a Dow

Corning product is demonstrating effective
a. interpersonal skills.
b. technical skills.
c. diagnostic skills.
d. conceptual skills.
e. leadership skills.

13.) The manager’s ability to communicate with, understand, and

motivate individuals and groups is determined by her or his
a. conceptual skills.
b. time management skills.
c. diagnostic skills.
d. interpersonal skills.
e. technical skills.

14.) First-line managers need to depend more on their

____________________ for success in the organization.
a. diagnostic and interpersonal skills
b. conceptual and diagnostic skills
c. problem-solving and time management skills
d. technical skills and interpersonal skills
e. conceptual and technical skills

15.) Information from which of the following disciplines would

be least helpful in your study of organizational behavior?
a. Political science
b. Agriculture
c. Medicine
d. Anthropology
e. Economics

16.) Which of the following disciplines has helped to understand

the behavior of people in organizational settings?
a. Psychology
b. Organizational Psychology
c. Anthropology
d. Engineering
e. Medicine
17.) The field of engineering has helped managers better
understand
a. the causes and consequences of stress.
b. productivity measurement.
c. how and why people acquire power.
d. conflict.
e. coalition formation.

18.) Under the systems perspective, a system is defined as

a. an interrelated set of elements that functions as a whole.
b. a procedure for fair and impartial performance appraisals.
c. a collection of independent organizations.
d. the central technology of the organization.
e. the ideal process for completing a particular job.

19.) All of the following are inputs an organization receives

from its environment, except
a. money.
b. materials.
c. people.
d. services.
e. information.

20.) The systems view is important to managers because it

a. underscores the importance of the organization’s environment.
b. gives them a set procedure for making decisions.
c. allows them to eliminate the interaction among various
elements of the organization.
d. reduces their risk of human error.
e. shifts the focus from outside the company to inside the
company.

21.) Which of the following perspectives argues that universal

rules, solutions, guidelines, predictions, and principles are
not feasible when applied to organizations?
a. The situational perspective
b. Behavioral organization theory
c. The systems perspective
d. The interactional perspective

22.) Which perspective of management would most likely refute

the notion that one style of leadership would enhance employee
satisfaction and job performance under any condition?
a. Situational perspective
b. Classical perspective
c. Behavioral perspective
d. Interactional perspective
23.) _____________ attempts to explain how people select,
interpret, and change various situations.
a. Interactionalism
b. Contextualism
c. Universalism
d. Individualism
e. Systems theory

24.) In the past, companies typically used offshoring to take

advantage of low labor costs. Today, companies are increasingly
using offshoring for the performance of
a. high-risk activities that fail to meet government standards
for safety.
b. biomedical research that presses the boundary of conventional
wisdom.
c. technology functions that require a high degree of training
and skill.
d. management tasks formerly relegated to senior employees.
e. organizational behavior processes that cannot be performed
domestically.

25.) The most significant source of change impacting many

organizations today is increasing
a. cultural change.
b. corporate governance.
c. globalization.
d. business ethics.
e. none of these

26.) Which of the following statements regarding cross-cultural

differences similarities is not true?
a. Cultures and national boundaries always coincide.
b. Culture is a set of values that is often taken for granted.
c. A manager behaves differently in different cultural settings.
d. There are profound cultural differences between Southern
California and Texas.
e. Japanese and U.S. workers are likely to have different
attitudes toward work.

27.) Which of the following is true about employees working in

the same company but in different locations?
a. Their behavior may differ within and across countries.
b. Their behavior will be the same regardless of their location.
c. Their behavior at work is not important.
d. Their behavior will have nothing to do with their location.
e. Their behavior will be the same within single countries, but
may differ from one country to the next.
28.) All of the following are considered cultural values except
a. individualism/collectivism.
b. uncertainty avoidance.
c. power distance.
d. masculinity.
e. open-mindedness.

29.) Which of the following statements is not true about

individualistic cultures?
a. It is important to stand out in the crowd.
b. It is important to fit in with the group.
c. Tasks are more important than relationships.
d. Promotion is based on skills and rules.
e. People are more concerned with themselves than their work
groups.

30.) The dimension of masculinity is the extent to which

a. workers prefer unambiguous situations.
b. workers focus on the future.
c. acquisition of money and things is emphasized.
d. women are allowed to work in society.
e. men maintain a glass ceiling.

31.) Hofstede’s dimension include

a. individualism.
b. collectivism.
c. power distance.
d. a, b, and c
e. None of these.

32.) All of the following are true about stereotypes except

a. they lead to an appreciation of individual differences.
b. they are based on certain characteristics or traits.
c. they ignore the specific person.
d. they are generalizations.
e. they ignore the current situation.

33.) Prejudice can best be defined as

a. favoring people similar to you.
b. focusing on differences among people.
c. grouping people into different categories.
d. judgments about others that reinforce beliefs about
superiority and inferiority.
e. making generalizations about groups of people.
34.) Not paying attention to diversity can be costly to
organizations in all of the following ways except
a. it can decrease turnover.
b. it can lower productivity.
c. it can block minority involvement in decision making.
d. it can increase tensions among workers.
e. it can increase lawsuits.

35.) A form of business that combines and transforms resources

into tangible outcomes that are then sold to others is called
a(n)
a. manufacturing organization.
b. biotechnology firm.
c. information technology firm.
d. service organization.
e. hybrid organization.

36.) A form of business that transforms resources into an

intangible output and creates time or place utility for its
customers is called a(n)
a. manufacturing organization.
b. biotechnology firm.
c. information technology firm.
d. service organization.
e. hybrid organization.

37.) General Mills combines grains and other ingredients to make

breakfast cereals. General Mills is an example of a(n)
a. manufacturing organization.
b. biotechnology firm.
c. information technology firm.
d. service organization.
e. hybrid organization.

38.) Which of the following statements about information

technology is not true?
a. It has resulted in leaner organizations.
b. Provides more flexible operations.
c. Technology increases the financial position of a company.
d. Technology has increased collaboration among employees.
e. Technology has improved management processes.

39.) In a blatant display of unethical conduct, Enron’s

a. managers forced employees to work in deplorable conditions.
b. employees stole information from the company and sold it to
competitors.
c. administrators withheld products and services from needed
customers.
d. public reports concealed many of its partnerships and
obligations with other companies.
e. “blew the whistle” on competitors who were engaged in equally
unethical practices.

40.) In the past, Karson Photography Studios directly hired and

managed its own custodial staff. Now, Karson contracts this work
to a cleaning company. This is an example of
a. corporate governance.
b. offshoring.
c. outsourcing.
d. nearshoring.
e. insourcing.

41.) Examples of organizational functions to outsource include

all of the following except
a. the organization’s payroll function.
b. the organization’s human resource training program.
c. the organization’s corporate governance program.
d. the organization’s facility maintenance program.
e. the organization’s food service facility.

42.) A psychological contract is

a. a description of the intellectual work the employee will be
required to complete on the job.
b. a legally binding agreement between the employer and the
worker.
c. a person’s overall expectations regarding the employment
arrangement.
d. a written document outlining what the employee will be paid.
e. a ideal employment contract developed by industrial
psychologists.

43.) The extent to which the contributions made by an individual

match the inducements offered by the organization is referred to
as
a. a complementary contract.
b. employment alignment.
c. person-job fit.
d. workplace balance.
e. job security.

44.) Agreeableness includes all of the following except

a. gentle
b. cooperative
c. poor working relationships.
d. forgiving
e. understanding

45.) Jim enjoys meeting new people on a regular basis and is

very talkative and assertive. We would expect Jim to be most
attracted to a job such as
a. custodian.
b. accountant.
c. sales representative.
d. animal trainer.
e. research scientist.

46.) People with a high level of ____________ are willing to

listen to new ideas and to change their own ideas, beliefs, and
attitudes in response to new information.
a. agreeableness
b. conscientiousness
c. openness
d. extraversion
e. negative emotionality

47.) Which of the following statements regarding assessing

employees’ “Big Five” personality traits is true?
a. The “Big Five” personality traits are based primarily on
research conducted in the United States.
b. Managers are basically uninterested in the “Big Five”
personality traits.
c. Rigorous and valid measures of personality allow for their
accurate assessment.
d. Managers should be very confident about their assessment of
employees’ personality traits.
e. Personality traits are poor predictors of virtually all
employee behaviors.

48.) The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a(n)

a. measure of employees’ “Big Five” personality traits.
b. questionnaire used to assess employees’ willingness to accept
international assignments.
c. instrument created to measure employees’ productivity.
d. survey to help managers understand employees’ psychological
contracts.
e. useful method for determining employees’ communication styles
and interaction preferences.
49.) If you have the ability to remain optimistic and to
continue striving in the face of setbacks, barriers, and
failure, you have the ability to
a. manage your emotions.
b. show empathy.
c. motivate yourself.
d. get along with others.
e. be promoted at your job.

50.) A supervisor who experiments with new ideas, takes a chance

with new products, and leads his or her department in new
directions has high
a. locus of control.
b. risk propensity.
c. self-monitoring.
d. self-esteem.
e. competencies.

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