SCIENCE 9

4th QUARTER
Module 4
UNLEASH your POTENTIAL!

Juliet C. Perante - Writer

Johnny C. Perante - Illustrator

Most Essential Learning Competency:

Analyze the conversion of potential to kinetic energy and vice versa to

given situations. S9FE-IVe-40.1-40.2

To the Learner

This self-learning module was specifically designed to guide

you and give you knowledge and information about different topics
in Science. Listed below are the simple instructions that you can
follow in using this module.

Set a conducive learning area at home so you can

concentrate on your lessons.
Seek support and assistance from your parents or
guardian to lead you in doing the activities.
Read each direction carefully and accomplish the
activities in this module.
Take down vital information and concepts from the
lesson.
1 Writer
 EXPECTATIONS:

This module will help you to analyze the conversion of potential to

kinetic energy and explain the Law of Conservation of Energy.

After using this module, you are expected to:

1. perform activities to display how conservation of mechanical energy is

conserved;
2. calculate potential energy, kinetic energy and mechanical energy and
3. apply the transformation and conservation of energy in reality.

PRE-TEST:
Read each item carefully. Choose and write the letter of the best
answer.

_____1. What kind of energy is being shown by a boy carrying a bucket of

water at the height of 1 meter from the ground?
A. Gravitational Potential Energy C. Chemical Energy
B. Elastic Potential Energy D. Kinetic Energy

_____2. A 2 kg object is raised to a height of 4 meters above the ground.

What is the object’s Gravitational Potential Energy?
A. 75.4 kg•m/s2 C. 78 kg•m
B. 70 kg•m2/s2 D. 78.4 Joules

_____3. How can you describe the total mechanical energy of a mango falling
from a tree?
A. Its kinetic and potential energy are equal to one another.
B. The total mechanical energy is constant if only conservative forces
are applied.
C. The total mechanical energy is always greater than the potential
and kinetic energy.
D. The potential and kinetic energy of the fruit is the same.

_____4. A car is travelling at 9 m/s with a mass of 1500 kg.

What is the kinetic energy of the car?
A. 9600 kg•m/s2 C. 100,000 Joules
B. 61,000 kg•m/s D. 60,750 kg•m2/s2

_____5. Which situation shows an increase in gravitational potential energy?

A. An elevator moving up to 100th floor from the ground.
B. A boy walking down the stairs from the 3rd floor of a building.
C. A bow being stretched to some distance.
D. A cellphone with an empty battery.

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 LOOKING BACK

HOW FAR CAN YOU REMEMBER ME?

Which has a greater momentum between the following objects? Write
your answer on the line provided below.

__________1.

moving bicycle
fast moving car

__________2.

stationary truck
falling coconut
_________3.

bowling pins
parked truck

BRIEF INTRODUCTION

One of the significant parts of our everyday living is ENERGY. We

need energy to perform our daily task. When an individual can do a lot of
things like doing household chores, playing, working, walking, or running
without struggles, we can say that the person is full of energy. Nutrients
from the food that we eat gives us energy that we can use for our day to day
activities.

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 In science, ENERGY is defined as the ability to do work.
Scientifically speaking, energy is connected to work.
There are many types of energy. It can exist in many different forms
such as solar energy from the sun, sound energy from the radio, heat energy
from the fire, light energy from the lampshade, chemical energy from
battery, electromagnetic energy from x-ray, and nuclear energy from fission
and fusion. But all of these energies can be group into two classifications
which are potential energy and kinetic energy.
KINETIC ENERGY is the energy in motion. Kinetic energy comes from
the Greek word kinetikos which means moving. An object possessed
kinetic energy if it is moving.

Formula: KE = ½ mv2 Unit: kg•m2/s2 or Joules

Where: KE – Kinetic Energy
m- mass
v - velocity

POTENTIAL ENERGY is another type of energy defined as the stored

energy present in an object at rest. It can exist in several forms like
Gravitational Potential Energy, Chemical Energy and Elastic Potential
Energy.

Gravitational Potential Elastic Potential Energy Chemical Energy

Energy

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 Gravitational Potential Energy is one form of potential energy
possessed by an object due to its position from the ground such as coconut
from a tree and riders at the top of roller coaster.
Formula: GPE = mgh Unit: kg•m2/s2 or Joules
Where: GPE – Gravitational Potential Energy
m - mass
g – gravity which is equal to 9.8 m/s2
h – height
Elastic Potential Energy is another form of potential energy
possessed by elastic materials like archery & slingshot.

LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY

Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy can neither be
created nor destroyed, it is just transformed from one kind of energy to
another.

ACTIVITY 1 WHO AM I?
Identify what type of energy is being shown by different scenario
below. Write GPE on the blank if it is Gravitational Potential Energy, KE if it
is Kinetic Energy and EPE if it is Elastic Potential Energy.

________________1. Fast-moving train

________________2. Picture frame hang

on the wall.

________________3. Archery

________________4. Moving car

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________________5. Diver getting ready

to dive on the pool.

ACTIVITY 2 SELF – CHECK

Solve the following problem and show your complete solution.

1. A girl lifted a 5 kg dumbbell to a height of 7 meters. Calculate the

Gravitational Potential Energy of the box provided below.

Given:
Asked:
Formula:
Equation:
Answer:

2. A 1500 kg vehicle travels at the speed of 8 meters per second. What is the
Kinetic Energy of the vehicle?

Given:
Asked:
Formula:
Equation:
Answer:

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 ACTIVITY 3 CALCULATING MY ENERGY LEVEL

A 70 kg man is cleaning the glass window of a building.

Calculate his Potential Energy, Kinetic Energy and Mechanical Energy. Write
your final answer in the table provided below.
Distance Potential Energy Kinetic energy Mechanical energy
4m 2744 Joules
3m
2m
1m
0m
Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy is neither created
nor destroyed, it is just transformed from one kind to another.

The sum of the potential and kinetic energy of an object is equal to its
total mechanical energy.

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Solve the following problem below.

1. Which has more kinetic energy, a 100-kilogram motorcycle or a 1000-kg

car which are both travelling at the same velocity?

Given:
Asked:
Formula:
Equation:
Answer:

2. A 1 kg. object is lifted to 2 m. height. Calculate the Gravitational Potential

Energy, Kinetic Energy and Mechanical Energy of the object at 2 m.

Given:
Asked:
Formula:
Equation:
Answer:

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 REMEMBER:

● Energy is defined as the ability to perform work.

●
● Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE) is the energy that an object has if
it is raised to a certain height. It is an energy due to its position.
Unit: kg·m2/s2 or Joules
Formula: GPE = mass x gravity x height

● Kinetic energy (KE) is the energy owns by an object which is moving. It

depends upon the mass and velocity of an object. It is an energy in
motion.
Unit: kg·m2/s2 or Joules
Formula: KE = ½ mv2

● Joule is the unit used to measure the amount of energy in honor of

James Prescott Joule, an English Physicist.

● Mechanical energy is the sum of Potential Energy and Kinetic Energy

present in an object.
Unit: kg·m2/s2 or Joules
Formula: ME = PE + KE

● Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy is neither created

nor destroyed, it is just transformed from one kind to another.

● The sum of the Kinetic & Potential energy in a conservative system is

constant and equal to the total mechanical energy of the system.

POST-TEST

Read each item then choose & write the letter of the best answer.

_____1. What kind of energy is being shown by a guy lifting a barbell at the
height of 16 meters from the ground?
A. Gravitational Potential Energy C. Chemical Energy
B. Elastic Potential Energy D. Kinetic Energy

_____2. A 6 kg object is raised to a height of 4 meters above the ground.

What is the object’s GPE?
A. 235.2 kg•m/s2 C. 235 kg•m
B. 235.2 kg•m /s
2 2 D. 250 Joules

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_____3. An object has a mass of 0.3 kg and it travels at the speed of 8 m/s.
What is the kinetic energy of the object?
A. 9.6 kg•m/s2 C. 96 Joules
B. 9.6 kg•m/s D. 9.6 kg•m2/s2

_____4. How can you describe the total mechanical energy of a fruit falling
from a tree?
A. It’s kinetic and potential energy are equal to one another.
B. The total mechanical energy is constant if only conservative forces
are applied.
C. The total mechanical energy is always greater than the potential
and kinetic energy.
D. The potential and kinetic energy of the fruit is the same.

_____5. Which situation shows a decrease in gravitational potential energy?

A. An elevator moving up to 100th floor from the ground.
B. A boy walking down the stairs from the 2nd floor.
C. A bow being stretched to some distance.
D. A fully-charged cellphone.

REFLECTION

Draw or cut pictures based on real-life situations wherein the

decrease or increase amount of gravitational potential energy is being
shown. Write some explanation about that.

The boy lifted the

barbell to a certain
height and its
gravitational potential
energy increases.

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References:

Alvarez, L. et.al., (2014). DepEd Material: Science 9 Learner’s Module

pp. 278-299
Navaza, D. & Valdez, B. (Fourth Year, Third Edition) You and the
Natural World Physics, pp. 170-180
Padua, A. & Crisostomo, R. (2010) Practical and Explorational
Physics, Modular Approach (Science and Technology Series, Second Edition)
pp. 136-143
Villanueva F. et.al., (2010) Conceptual Science and Beyond IV
PHYSICS, pp.111-116

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