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    Acoustics: Building Utilities 3

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    Izzah L
    Architectural acoustics involves designing buildings to control how sound moves through interior spaces. This includes maximizing clarity in areas like performance halls while reducing noise in other areas. Architects consider factors like surface materials, room shapes, and mechanical system placements. The goal is to enhance desired sounds, isolate noise between rooms, and control sound levels within rooms. Common issues addressed are managing sound distribution, isolation, and noise control.

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    Acoustics: Building Utilities 3

    Uploaded by

    Izzah L
    129 views17 pages
    Architectural acoustics involves designing buildings to control how sound moves through interior spaces. This includes maximizing clarity in areas like performance halls while reducing noise in other areas. Architects consider factors like surface materials, room shapes, and mechanical system placements. The goal is to enhance desired sounds, isolate noise between rooms, and control sound levels within rooms. Common issues addressed are managing sound distribution, isolation, and noise control.

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    ACOUSTICS

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    Architectural acoustics involves designing buildings to control how sound moves through interior spaces. This includes maximizing clarity in areas like performance halls while reducing noise in other areas. Architects consider factors like surface materials, room shapes, and mechanical system placements. The goal is to enhance desired sounds, isolate noise between rooms, and control sound levels within rooms. Common issues addressed are managing sound distribution, isolation, and noise control.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    129 views17 pages

    Acoustics: Building Utilities 3

    Uploaded by

    Izzah L
    Architectural acoustics involves designing buildings to control how sound moves through interior spaces. This includes maximizing clarity in areas like performance halls while reducing noise in other areas. Architects consider factors like surface materials, room shapes, and mechanical system placements. The goal is to enhance desired sounds, isolate noise between rooms, and control sound levels within rooms. Common issues addressed are managing sound distribution, isolation, and noise control.

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    of 17

    BUILDING UTILITIES 3

    ACOUSTICS
    INTRODUCTION

    - The architect deals always with the human senses when designing a building’s
    environment.

    - Selection of site

    - Location of the buildings on the site

    - Arrangement of spaces within the building

    - Materials and construction elements that shape the finished spaces


    ACOUSTIC

    - Science that deals with the production, control, transmission, reception, and effects of
    sound

    - Subjective interpretation of sound

    - Defines the difference between what is desirable and what is not

    - Differentiates what is sound and what is noise; this differentiation does not consider the
    specific content of the acoustic signal

    - Dictates the quality of communication within a space


    ARCHITECTURAL ACOUSTICS
    - Acoustics is actually a branch of physics that focuses on studying - When it comes to materials, softer materials such as carpet, fiberglass
    sound: how it’s produced, transmitted, controlled, and received, and the insulation, and foam padding tend to absorb sound well, while harder
    effects of this process. As it applies to architecture, acoustics is the materials such as concrete and brick tend to reflect it. Wood can reflect
    process of using building design and construction methods to harness sound well, but if holes are drilled in it, it can also absorb it.
    the properties of sound to their greatest effect.
    - Mechanical components can be placed at a distance from rooms to
    - Architectural acoustics involves designing a building to control how minimize their impact on acoustics, and noise-controls such as
    soundwaves reverberate off its interior in such a way as to maximize insulation and technology can also be employed.
    clarity, amplifying sound in areas where it’s appropriate to do so, and
    reducing noise levels where doing so is beneficial.

    - Architects take these factors into account when designing buildings


    with the proper surfaces, shapes, and mechanical systems to distribute
    and control sound effectively.

    - Interestingly, research has found there’s actually an optimal room


    shape for achieving perfect acoustics: it’s rectangular and constructed
    using the golden ratio (8 feet high by 12.8 feet wide and 18.64 feet long).
    THE FUNCTION IS TO SIMPLY FOLLOW THIS LOGIC:

    • To enhance desired sounds

    • To attenuate noise
    ARCHITECTURAL
    ACOUSTICS

    MAJOR BRANCHES MAJOR ASPECTS


    • Room acoustics − involves the design of the interior of
    buildings to project properly diffused sound at • Isolating sound between rooms
    appropriate levels and with appropriate aesthetic Managing acoustics within spaces
    qualities for music and adequate intelligibility for
    speech. Managing MEPS vibration and noise
    • Noise control or noise management − involves the control
    reduction and control of noise between a potentially
    disturbing sound source and a listener.
    • Active audio systems such as white
    • Sound isolation − involves site consideration, location
    of activities within the building, construction of
    noise generators and noise cancellation.
    barriers, background sound levels in coordination with
    room acoustics

    • Sound reinforcement and enhancement systems − use


    electronic equipment to improve the quality of sounds
    heard in rooms
    AREAS OF CONCERN IN
    ARCHITECTURAL ACOUSTICS
    ROOM ACOUSTICS BUILDING ACOUSTICS

    - This branch of architectural acoustics - Describes how sound is transmitted from


    deals with sound in lecture or concert one room to the other in the same
    halls, meeting rooms and classrooms. building.
    - Describes the various sound phenomena - Related to sound insulation between
    within an enclosed space. walls and vibration isolation of different
    parts of the building structure.
    - Two types of sound that concern
    Building Acoustics are: airborne sound
    and structure-borne sound
    TYPES OF SOUND
    • Most sounds in buildings are airborne sounds
    - Sounds generated by human conversation and
    musical instruments
    - Sounds produced by fans, motors, machinery,
    vehicles, airplanes are airborne sounds
    • Structure-borne sound is produced by an
    impact of some sort on building elements -
    floors, walls, roofs, etc.
    - The impact causes the building elements to
    vibrate, and as they vibrate, they radiate sound.
    - Once the structure
    - borne sound is produced by a building
    component, it become airborne sound and
    reaches the receiver as such.
    • Although most sources produce either one,
    several sources produce both.
    ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN GOALS

    1. SOUND DISTRIBUTION
    - To hear voice and music at all points of
    the room
    2. SOUND ISOLATION
    - To NOT hear unwanted sound between
    rooms or outside to inside
    3. NOISE CONTROL
    - To reduce or control sound level within a
    room
    PROBLEMS IN ARCHITECTURAL
    ACOUSTICS
    Protecting outdoor or indoor
    spaces from environmental
    noise.

    Controlling loud sound within


    enclosed spaces.

    Reducing sound transmission


    between rooms (or from or to
    outdoors).
    COMMON ELEMENTS OF ANY
    ACOUSTICAL SITUATION
    Modify Redesign Relocate

    Sound source

    if the source can be controlled, then it


    is
    not necessary to consider the path or
    recipients’ locations
    Enclosure Absorption Barrier
    § Sound transmission path

    if sound can be controlled in the path


    between the source and listeners, then
    it is unnecessary to consider the
    listeners’ locations
    Enclosure Absorption Relocate

    Receiver of the sound

    reception of sound may be


    influenced, and not normally
    an architectural concern
    SOURCES
    - Point Sources

    Simplest type of source

    • sound is assumed to be generated at an ideal point


    in space.

    • A point source that radiates sound equally to all


    directions is called omnidirectional. If radiation is not
    equal (e.g. stronger in front of the source) a
    directivity pattern is needed to describe it. Point
    sources and their directivities can be

    • Used to represent the majority of sources in real life,


    but only when the listener is away from the source at
    least at a distance comparable to the source.
    - Line Sources

    Simply a line in space that radiates sound


    constantly throughout its length.

    This type of source could be used to describe:

    • Traffic noise from a big highway, averaged


    over time and over many vehicles passing
    by.

    • Pipes that carry noisy flowing liquid.

    • Public address (PA) line arrays


    - Surface (plane) Sources
    Extending a line source to two dimensions, we
    get a surface source.
    In this case sound is radiated from a whole
    surface, and this type of source can be used
    to describe:
    • Machines with vibrating surfaces, which
    are not small enough to be simplified into
    point sources.
    • Noise from crowd in a restaurant or a
    party
    RECEIVERS
    - Similar to sources, the simplest type of receiver is a point or
    omnidirectional one - sound is picked equally from all Humans are described as binaural receivers
    directions. meaning that both the left and right ear, and
    shape of head, should all be taken into account.
    - Electroacoustic equipment that pick up even very low levels
    and translate sound waves into electric signals and numerical
    sequences for further processing.

    - All humans, animals and live organisms with a hearing system


    are considered receivers.

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