Name: COMPETENTE, JOHN ANGELO C.

Course/Year: BSCE- 2A
Activity 4 - Correction for Temperature
A 50 meter steel tape measured a line with length of 432.32 meters at temperature of
32ºC. What is the correct length of the line if the tape is of standard length at 15ºC.
Per Tape Length
Given:
K = 0.0000116/1ºC T = 32ºC
L = 50 meter To = 15ºC
Cx = KL(T - To)
Cx = (0.0000116/1ºC)(50 meter)(32 – 15) ºC
Cx = (0.0000116/1ºC)(50 meter)(17) ºC
Cx = +0.00986 meter

For the Measured Line

Given:
K = 0.0000116/1ºC T = 32ºC
L = 432.32 meters To = 15ºC
Cx = KL(T - To)
Cx = (0.0000116/1ºC)( 432.32 meters)(32 – 15) ºC
Cx = (0.0000116/1ºC)( 432.32 meters)(17) ºC
Cx = +0.08525 meter

Correct Length of the Measured Line

Correct length of the measured line = Temperature per tape length + Temperature of
the measured line
Correct length of the measured line = 432.43 meter + 0.08525 meter
Correct length of the measured line = 432.40525 meter
Name: COMPETENTE, JOHN ANGELO C. Course/Year: BSCE- 2A
Activity 5 - Correction for Temperature
A 30 meter steel tape with coefficient of thermal expansion of 0.0000116/ºC and
standardized at 20ºC was found to measure a line at length of 5231.17 meters. If the
temperature during the measurement was 33.5ºC, what will be the quantity of the
following?
a) correction for temperature per tape length;

Given:
K = 0.0000116/1ºC T = 33.5ºC
L = 30 meter To = 20ºC

Cx = KL(T - To)
Cx = (0.0000116/1ºC)(30 meter)(33.5 – 20) ºC
Cx = (0.0000116/1ºC)(30 meter)(13.5) ºC
Cx = +0.004698 meter

b) correction for temperature of the measured line; and

Given:
K = 0.0000116/1ºC T = 33.5ºC
L = 5231.17 meters To = 20ºC

Cx = KL(T - To)
Cx = (0.0000116/1ºC)( 5231.17 meters)(33.5 – 20) ºC
Cx = (0.0000116/1ºC)( 5231.17 meters)(13.5) ºC
Cx = +0.819201 meter

c) correct length of the measured line.

Correct length of the measured line = Temperature per tape length + Temperature of
the measured line
Correct length of the measured line = 5231.17 meter + 0.819201 meter
Correct length of the measured line = 5231.989201 meter
Name: COMPETENTE, JOHN ANGELO C. Course/Year: BSCE- 2A
Activity 6 - Correction for Slope

The length of line KL is 132.43 meters on the inclined mountainside with difference in
elevation at end points of 2.21 meters. Find the following:
a) Slope correction of the measured length

Given:
h = 2.21 meters S = 132.43

Ch = h2/2S
= (2.21 meters)2/(2)(132.43 meters)
Ch = 0.0184 meters

b) Horizontal distance between the two points

HD = S – Ch
= (132.43 meters - 0.0184 meters)
HD = 132.4116 meters
Name: COMPETENTE, JOHN ANGELO C. Course/Year: BSCE- 2A
Activity 7 - Correction for Slope
The total length of line KLM on the hill side is 3452.34m. The slope distance for line KL
is 1768.37m while for LM is 1683.97m with difference in elevation of 3.97m and 5.78m
respectively. Assuming that the lines are gentle and by using the slope correction
formula. Determine the ff:
a) Total slope correction for the length of the line; and

Given:
h1 = 3.97m S1 = 1768.37m
h2 = 5.78m S2 = 1683.97m

Ch1 = (h1)2/2S1
= (3.97 meters)2/(2)(1768.37 meters)
Ch1 = 0.004456 meters
Ch2 = (h2)2/2S2
= (5.78 meters)2/(2)(1683.97 meters)
Ch1 = 0.00991 meters
Ch = Ch1 + Ch2
= 0.004456 + 0.00991
Ch = 0.014366 meters
b) Horizontal distance between points K and M.

Given:
h1 = 3.97m S1 = 1768.37m
h2 = 5.78m S2 = 1683.97m

(h1)2 = (s1)2 – (d1)2

(d1)2 = (s1)2 – (h1)2
𝑑1 = √(1768.37 𝑚)2 − (3.97 𝑚)2
d1 = 1768.37 meters

(h2)2 = (s2)2 – (d2)2

(d2)2 = (s2)2 – (h2)2
𝑑2 = √(1683.97 𝑚)2 − (5.78 𝑚)2
d2 = 1683.96 meters

d = d1 + d 2
d = 1768.37 m + 1683.96 m
d = 3452.33 meters
Name: COMPETENTE, JOHN ANGELO C. Course/Year: BSCE- 2A
Activity 8 - Correction for Tension
A steel tape which is 100 ft long and weighing 3.21 lbs is of standard length at a pull of
12 lbs when supported in full length. When applied with steady pull of 21 lbs, it was
found to have a length of 4,412.12 ft. when the tape was used to measure a distance in
smooth level ground. Determine the following if E = 29x106 psi and 3.54 cubic inches of
steel weighs 1.04 lbs.
a. Cross-sectional area of tape

Given:
3.54 in3 = 58.01 cm3
1.04 lbs = 0.47 kg
Unit Weight = (0.47 kg)/(58.01 cm3) = 8.102 x 10-3 kg/cm3
L = 100 ft or 3048 cm
W = 3.21 lbs or 1.46 kg

W
𝐴 = L(Unit Weight)
1.46 kg
𝐴= kg = 𝐀 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟓𝟗𝟏 𝐜𝒎𝟐 𝒐𝒓 𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟗𝟐 𝒊𝒏𝟐
(3048)(8.102×10−3 )
c𝑚3

b. Correction for increase in tension per tape length; for the whole length
measured

Given:
P = 21 lbs E = 29x106 psi or 29,000,000 lbs/ in2
Po = 12 lbs A = 0.0092 in2
L = 4,412.12 ft

Cp = (P - Po)L/AE
(21 lbs – 12 lbs)(4,412.12 ft)
𝐶𝑝 = (0.0092 in2)(29,000,000 lbs/in2) = 𝑪𝒑 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟒𝟖𝟖 𝐟𝐭

c. Length of the line measured, corrected for the effect of increased tension.

Given:
𝐶𝑝 = 0.1488 ft
L = 4,412.12 ft

𝐿′ = 𝐿 + 𝐶𝑝 = 𝐿′ = 4,412.12 ft + 0.1488 ft = 𝑳′ = 𝟒𝟒𝟏𝟐. 𝟐𝟔𝟖𝟖 𝒇𝒕

Name: COMPETENTE, JOHN ANGELO C. Course/Year: BSCE- 2A
Activity 9 - Correction for Sag
A steel tape with length of 30 meters and weight of 1.32 kgs is with ends support and at
6 and 14 meter marks. Compute the correction due to sag if a pull of 7.43 kgs is applied
on the following portions of the tape:
a) Between the zero and 6-meter marks.

Given:
W = 1.32 kg
L1 = 6 m
P = 7.43 kg

𝑊 2 𝐿1 (1.32 𝑘𝑔)2 (6 𝑚)
𝐶𝑠1 = = 𝐶𝑠1 = = 𝑪𝒔𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟗 𝒎
24𝑃 2 24(7.43 𝑘𝑔)2

b) Between the 6 and 14-meter marks.

Given:
W = 1.32 kg
L2 = 14 m
P = 7.43 kg

𝑊 2 𝐿2 (1.32 𝑘𝑔)2 (8 𝑚)
𝐶𝑠2 = = 𝐶𝑠2 = = 𝑪𝒔𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟎𝟓𝟐 𝒎
24𝑃 2 24(7.43 𝑘𝑔)2

c) Between the 14 and 30-meter marks.

Given:
W = 1.32 kg
L3 = 30 m
P = 7.43 kg

𝑊 2 𝐿3 (1.32 𝑘𝑔)2 (16 𝑚)

𝐶𝑠3 = = 𝐶𝑠2 = = 𝑪𝒔𝟑 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟏𝟎𝟒 𝒎
24𝑃 2 24(7.43 𝑘𝑔)2

d) For one tape length.

Given:
𝐶𝑠1 = 0.00789 𝑚 𝐶𝑠2 = 0.01052 𝑚 𝐶𝑠3 = 0.02104 𝑚

𝐶𝑠 = 𝐶𝑠1 + 𝐶𝑠2 + 𝐶𝑠3 = 𝐶𝑠 = 0.00789 𝑚 + 0.01052 𝑚 + 0.02104 𝑚

𝑪𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝟗𝟒𝟓 𝒎
Name: COMPETENTE, JOHN ANGELO C. Course/Year: BSCE- 2A
Activity 10 - Sag Correction
A length of an irrigation canal was measured using a 30m steel tape by supporting at its
ends and by applying a steady 6.57 kg pull. The weight of the tape is 0.75kg. Compute
the following if it took four full tape lengths and one partial tape length of 10.42m to
measure the whole length of the canal.
a. the correction for sag for a full tape length.

Given:
W = 0.75 kg
L1 = 30 m
P = 6.57 kg

𝑊 2 𝐿1 (0.75 𝑘𝑔)2 (30 𝑚)

𝐶𝑠1 = (4) = 𝐶𝑠1 = (4) = 𝑪𝒔𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟓𝟐 𝒎
24𝑃 2 24(6.57 𝑘𝑔)2

b. the correction for sag for the partial tape length.

Given:
W = 0.75 kg
L2 = 10.42 m
P = 6.57 kg

𝑊 2 𝐿2 (0.75 𝑘𝑔)2 (10.42 𝑚)

𝐶𝑠2 = = 𝐶𝑠2 = = 𝑪𝒔𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟓𝟕 𝒎
24𝑃 2 24(6.57 𝑘𝑔)2

c. the length of the dam after correction for sag is applied.

Given:
L = 30 m
𝐶𝑠1 = 0.0652 𝑚
𝐶𝑠2 = 0.0057 𝑚

𝐿′ = 𝐿 − 𝐶𝑠1 − 𝐶𝑠2 = 𝐿′ = 30 m − 0.0652 𝑚 − 0.0057 𝑚 = 𝑳′ = 𝟐𝟗. 𝟗𝟑 𝒎

Name: COMPETENTE, JOHN ANGELO C. Course/Year: BSCE- 2A
Activity 11 - Normal Tension
Determine the amount of tension that can eliminate the effect of sag on tape elongation
if the tape is 100 ft long and is supported at its ends. The weight of the tape is 0.027
lbs/ft having a weight density of 490 lbs/ft3, elastic modulus of 30 x106 and was
standardized under a pull of 13.23 lbs.
Given:
L = 100 ft w = 0.027 lbs/ft E = 30 x106 lbs/in2
𝜌 = 490 lbs/f𝑡 3 PO = 13.23 lbs

𝑤𝐿 (0.027 lbs/ft)(100ft) (0.027 lbs/ft)(100ft)

𝐴= =𝐴= = 𝐴=
𝜌𝐿 (490 lbs/f𝑡 3 )(100 𝑓𝑡) (490 lbs/f𝑡 3 )(100 𝑓𝑡)

𝐴 = 0.000055 𝑓𝑡 2 𝑜𝑟 𝐴 = 0.0079 𝑖𝑛2

w = (0.027 lbs/ft)(100 ft) = W = 2.7 kg

0.204𝑊√𝐴𝐸
𝑃𝑁 =
√𝑃𝑁 −𝑃𝑂

0.204(2.7 𝑙𝑏𝑠)√(0.0079 𝑖𝑛2 )(30×106 𝑙𝑏𝑠/𝑖𝑛2 ) 268.144

𝑃𝑁 = = 𝑃𝑁 =
√𝑃𝑁 −13.23 𝑙𝑏𝑠 √𝑃𝑁 −13.23 𝑙𝑏𝑠

Try PN = 46.5
268.144
46.5 = = 𝟒𝟔. 𝟓 = 𝟒𝟔. 𝟓
√46.5 𝑙𝑏𝑠−13.23 𝑙𝑏𝑠
Name: COMPETENTE, JOHN ANGELO C. Course/Year: BSCE- 2A
Activity 12 - Normal Tension
Determine the tension (PN) to eliminate the effect of sag due to elongation of a 100 ft
steel tape supported at its ends. The weight of the tape is 0.024 lbs/ft which was
standardized at a pull of 13.14 lbs, having 29,000,000 psi and cross-sectional
dimension of 5/16 by 0.016.
Given:
L = 100 ft w = 0.024 lbs/ft
PO = 13.14 lbs E = 29,000,000 lbs/in2

5
𝐴 = (16 𝑖𝑛) (0.016𝑖𝑛) = 𝐴 = 0.005 𝑖𝑛2

w = (0.024 lbs/ft)(100 ft) = W = 2.4 lbs

0.204𝑊√𝐴𝐸 0.204(2.4 𝑙𝑏𝑠)√(0.005 𝑖𝑛2 )(29,000,000 𝑙𝑏𝑠/𝑖𝑛2 ) 1864.4341
𝑃𝑁 = = 𝑃𝑁 = = 𝑃𝑁 =
√𝑃𝑁 −𝑃𝑂 √𝑃𝑁 −13.14 𝑙𝑏𝑠 √𝑃𝑁 −13.14 𝑙𝑏𝑠

Try PN = 37.6
1864.4341
37.6 = = 𝟑𝟕. 𝟔 = 𝟑𝟕. 𝟔
√156 𝑙𝑏𝑠−13.14 𝑙𝑏𝑠
Name: COMPETENTE, JOHN ANGELO C. Course/Year: BSCE- 2A
Activity 13 - Combined Corrections
The length of the line was measured using a steel tape with the following properties:
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion = 0.00000645/1˚F, Elastic Modulus = 28,500,000
lbs/in2, and Weight Density = 490 lbs/ft3. The length of the tape is 100ft, weighing 1.87
lbs and was standardized at a pull of 16.34 lbs and at 70ºF. A line is measured by
constantly supporting on the following tape marks: 0, 20, 60 and 100ft. by applying a
steady pull of 21.45 lbs at an average temperature of 82ºF. If the length of the
measured line is 2,645.00 ft., determine the ff.
Given:
L = 100 ft W = 1.87 lbs Po = 16.34 lbs
T = 82ºF M.L. = 2,645.00 ft K = 0.00000645/1˚F
To = 70ºF E = 28,500,000 lbs/in2 P = 21.45 lbs
Wt. Density = 490 lbs/ft3

a. Cross-sectional area of the tape.

Unit Weight (1.87 lbs)/(100 ft)

𝐴 = Wt. =𝐴= = 𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟖 𝒇𝒕𝟐 𝒐𝒓 𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟓𝟒𝟕𝟐 𝒊𝒏𝟐
Density 490 𝑙𝑏𝑠/𝑓𝑡 3

b. Correction for temperature: per tape length; for the measured line.

Per Tape Length

𝐶𝑋 = 𝐾𝐿(𝑇 − 𝑇𝑂 )
𝐶𝑋 = (0.00000645/1˚F)(100 ft)(82ºF − 70˚F)
𝐶𝑋 = +0.00774 𝑓𝑡

For the Measured Line

𝐶𝑋 = 𝐾𝐿(𝑇 − 𝑇𝑂 )
𝐶𝑋 = (0.00000645/1˚F)(2,645.00 ft)(82ºF − 70˚F)
𝐶𝑋 = +0.20472 𝑓𝑡

c. Correction for tension: per tape length; for measured line.

Per Tape Length For the Measured Line

(𝑃−𝑃𝑂 )𝐿 (𝑃−𝑃𝑂 )𝐿
𝐶𝑃 = 𝐶𝑃 =
𝐴𝐸 𝐴𝐸
(21.45 lbs−16.34 lbs)(100 ft) (21.45 lbs−16.34 lbs)(2,645.00 ft)
𝐶𝑋 = (0.005472 𝑖𝑛2 )(28,500,000 lbs/in2) 𝐶𝑋 = (0.005472 𝑖𝑛2 )(28,500,000 lbs/in2)
𝐶𝑋 = +0.00328 𝑓𝑡 𝐶𝑋 = +0.08667 𝑓𝑡
d. Correction for sag: per tape length; for the measured line.

Unit Weight
w = W/L = (1.87 lbs)/(100 ft) = W = 0.0187 lbs/ft
Weight of the tape between 0 and 20 ft mark
𝑊1 = 𝑤𝐿1 = (0.0187 𝑙𝑏𝑠/𝑓𝑡)(20 𝑓𝑡) = 𝑾𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟕𝟒 𝒍𝒃𝒔
Weight of the tape between 20 and 60 ft mark
𝑊2 = 𝑤𝐿2 = (0.0187 𝑙𝑏𝑠/𝑓𝑡)(40 𝑓𝑡) = 𝑾𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟒𝟖 𝒍𝒃𝒔
Weight of the tape between 60 and 100 ft mark
𝑊3 = 𝑤𝐿3 = (0.0187 𝑙𝑏𝑠/𝑓𝑡)(40 𝑓𝑡) = 𝑾𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟒𝟖 𝒍𝒃𝒔

Checking:
W = 𝑊1 + 𝑊2 + 𝑊3
1.87 lbs = 0.374 𝑙𝑏𝑠 + 0.748 + 0.748 𝑙𝑏𝑠
1.87 lbs = 1.87 lbs

Per Tape Length

𝑊1 2 𝐿1 𝑊2 2 𝐿2 𝑊3 2 𝐿3
𝐶𝑆 = −𝐶𝑆1 − 𝐶𝑆2 − 𝐶𝑆3 = − −
24𝑃 2 24𝑃 2 24𝑃 2
(0.374 𝑙𝑏𝑠)2 (20 𝑓𝑡) (0.748 𝑙𝑏𝑠)2 (40 𝑓𝑡) (0.748 𝑙𝑏𝑠)2 (40 𝑓𝑡)
𝐶𝑆 = − − − = 𝑪𝑺 = −𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟒𝟑𝟏 𝒇𝒕
24(21.45 𝑙𝑏𝑠)2 24(21.45 𝑙𝑏𝑠)2 24(21.45 𝑙𝑏𝑠)2

For the Measured Line

−0.00431 𝑓𝑡 𝐶
𝑆
[ = 2,645.00 ]2,645.00 ft = 𝑪𝑺 = −𝟎. 𝟏𝟏𝟒 𝒇𝒕
100 𝑓𝑡 𝑓𝑡

e. Length of the line corrected for the combined effects of temperature, tension, and
sag.

Correct Length of Measured Line = Measured Line + CX + CP + CS

= 2,645.00 ft + 0.20472 ft + 0.08667 ft - 0.114 ft
Correct Length of Measured Line = 2645.17739 ft