EXAM 2021 PHARMACOLOGY

GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY
1. Determine the parameters of pharmacokinetics
2. Determine the advantages of the sublingual route of administration
3. Determine the advantages of the rectal route of administration
4. Determine the mechanisms of drug absorption
5. Determine the peculiarities of drug absorption related to the pH of the environment
6. Determine the mechanisms of penetration of drugs through membranes and biological barriers
7. Determine the peculiarities of the passive diffusion of drugs
8. Determine the peculiarities of the active transport of drugs
9. Determine the peculiarities of the free form of drugs in the plasma
10. Determine the peculiarities of the bound form of drugs in the plasma
11. Determine the peculiarities of the volume of drug distribution
12. Determine the pathways of phase I of drug metabolism
13. Determine the pathways of phase II of drug metabolism
14. Determine the groups that are inducers of liver microsomal enzymes
15. Determine the groups that are inhibitors of liver microsomal enzymes
16. Determine the consequences of induction of hepatic microsomal enzymes
17. Determine the consequences of inhibition of hepatic microsomal enzymes
18. Determine the peculiarities of renal elimination of drugs
19. Determine the peculiarities of renal elimination of drugs depending on the pH of the urine
20. Determine the particularities of the half-life of the drugs
21. Determine the particularities of the primary action of the drug, pharmacodynamic action and
overall pharmacological effect of medicines
22. Determine the typical mechanisms of action of drugs
23. Determine the phenomena of concomitant administration of drugs
24. Determine the phenomena of repeated administration of drugs
25. Determine the characteristics of the rebound effect
26. Determine the characteristics withdrawal syndrome
27. Determine the characteristics of the functional insufficiency while using medicines
28. Determine the safety parameters of the drugs
29. Determine the enzymes whose genetic polymorphism may alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs
30. Determine the enzymes whose genetic polymorphism may alter the pharmacodynamics of drugs
31. Determine the genetic polymorphism of enzymes involved in the phase II of drug metabolism

VEGETOTROPIC DRUGS
1. Select M-N-cholinomimetics with direct action
2. Select M-N-cholinomimetics with moderately reversible indirect action
3. Select irreversible indirect M-N-cholinomimetics
4. Select M-cholinomimetics
5. Select the effects of M-N and M-cholinomimetics on the eye
6. Select the effects of M-N and M-cholinomimetics on the digestive tract
7. Select the effects of M-N and M-cholinomimetics on the heart and bronchi
8. Select the effects of M-N and M-cholinomimetics on exocrine glands and urinary system
9. Select the symptoms of M-cholinomimetic intoxication
10. Select preparations used in intoxication with M-cholinomimetics
11. Select the symptoms of anticholinesterase intoxication
12. Select preparations used in anticholinesterase intoxication
13. Select the indications for M-cholinomimetics
14. Select the indications for anticholinesterases
15. Select the peculiarities of nicotine action
16. Select M-cholineblockers
17. Select the effects of M-cholinoblockers on the eye
18. Select the effects of M-cholinoblockers on the digestive tract
19. Select the effects of M-cholinoblockers on the heart and bronchi
20. Select the effects of M-cholinoblockers on exocrine glands and urinary system
21. Select the symptoms of poisoning with M-cholinoblockers
22. Select preparations used in poisoning with M-cholinoblockers
23. Select the indications for M-cholinoblockers
24. Select ganglionblockers with short, medium and long duration of action
25. Select the indications of the ganglion blockers
26. Select the side effects of ganglion blockers
27. Select muscle relaxants with antidepolarizing and depolarizing action
28. Select the mechanism of antidepolarizing and depolarizing action of muscle relaxants
29. Select the indications for muscle relaxants
30. Select the principles for decurarization of antidepolarizing and depolarizing muscle relaxants
31. Determine the alpha-1-adrenoblocker preparations
32. Determine the beta-1-adrenoblocker preparations
33. Determine the beta-adrenoblocking preparations with vasodilating action
34. Determine non-selective beta-adrenoblockerers
35. Determine the alpha-beta-adrenoblocker preparations
36. Determine non-selective alpha-adrenoblockers
37. Determine the dopamine blockers
38. Determine the sympatholytic preparations
39. Determine the alpha-beta-adrenomimetic preparations
40. Determine the alpha-2-adrenomimetic preparations with peripheral action
41. Determine beta-2-adrenomimetic preparations
42. Determine beta-1-adrenomimetic preparations
43. Determine non-selective beta-adrenomimetic preparations
44. Determine alpha-1-adrenomimetic preparations
45. Determine alpha-2-adrenomimetic preparations with central action
46. Determine the adrenomimetic preparations that promote the release of mediators
47. Determine the adrenomimetic preparations that inhibit the reuptake of mediators
48. Determine adrenomimetic preparations with mixed mechanism of action
49. Determine the groups of adrenergic preparations that increase blood pressure
50. Determine the groups of adrenergic drugs that cause stimulating effects on the heart
51. Determine the groups of adrenergic preparations that lower blood pressure
52. Determine the groups of adrenergic preparations that produce bronchodilation
53. Determine the groups of adrenergic drugs that increase glucose levels
54. Determine the groups of adrenergic preparations that impair microcirculation
55. Determine the effects of alpha-beta-adrenomimetics on the heart
56. Determine the effects of alpha-beta-adrenomimetics on blood vessels
57. Determine the effects of alpha-beta-adrenomimetics on blood pressure
58. Determine the effects of alpha-adrenomimetics on blood pressure
59. Determine the effects of alpha-beta-adrenomimetics on microcirculation
60. Determine the effects of alpha-adrenomimetics on microcirculation
61. Determine the effects of alpha-beta-adrenomimetics on metabolism
62. Determine the effects of alpha-beta-adrenomimetics on the respiratory system
63. Determine the effects of beta-adrenomimetics on the heart
64. Determine the effects of alpha-adrenomimetics on blood vessels
65. Determine the effects of dopaminomimetics on the heart
66. Determine the effects of high-dose dopaminomimetics on blood vessels
67. Determine the effects of low-dose dopaminomimetics on blood vessels
 68. Determine the effects of dopaminomimetics in medium doses on the heart
69. Determine the effects of beta-adrenomimetics on metabolism
70. Determine the effects of beta-adrenomimetics on the respiratory system
71. Determine the effect and mechanism of influence of alpha-adrenomimetics on the heart
72. Determine the effects of epinephrine on blood pressure
73. Determine the effects of norepinephrine on blood pressure
74. Determine how epinephrine differs from norepinephrine in their action on blood pressure
75. Determine the indications for alpha-beta-adrenomimetics
76. Determine the indications for alpha-adrenomimetics
77. Determine the indications for beta-2-adrenomimetics
78. Determine the indications for beta-adrenomimetics
79. Determine the indications for dopaminomimetics
80. Determine preparations used in hypotonic hypotension
81. Determine preparations used in hypertonic hypotension
82. Determine preparations used in anaphylactic shock
83. Determine the groups of preparations used in rhinitis, conjunctivitis
84. Determine preparations that cause tocolytic effect
85. Determine the side effects of alpha-beta-adrenomimetics
86. Determine the side effects of alpha-adrenomimetics
87. Determine the side effects of beta-adrenomimetics
88. Determine the side effects of beta-adrenoblockers
89. Determine the side effects of alpha-adrenoblockers
90. Determine the side effects of sympatholytics

DRUGS ACTING ON THE CNS.

1. Select volatile inhaled general anesthetics
2. Select gasses inhaled general anesthetics
3. Select the mechanisms of action of general anesthetics
4. Select groups of general intravenous anesthetics
5. Select short-term general intravenous anesthetics
6. Select medium-term intravenous general anesthetics
7. Select long-acting intravenous general anesthetics
8. Select groups of hypnotics
9. Select hypnotics with short duration of action
10. Select hypnotics with medium duration of action
11. Select hypnotics with long duration of action
12. Select the mechanisms of hypnotic action of barbiturates
13. Select the characteristics of the hypnotic effect of barbiturates
14. Select the characteristic effects of barbiturates
15. Select the indications for barbiturates
16. Select side effects of barbiturates
17. Select the mechanisms of hypnotic action of benzodiazepines
18. Select the characteristics of the hypnotic effect of benzodiazepines
19. Select the characteristic effects of benzodiazepines
20. Select benzodiazepine indications
21. Select the side effects of benzodiazepines
22. Select the mechanisms of hypnotic action of non-benzodiazepines
23. Select the characteristics of the hypnotic effect of non-benzodiazepines
24. Select the indications for non-benzodiazepines
25. Select the side effects of non-benzodiazepines
26. Select the mechanisms of hypnotic action of melatonin agonists
27. Select the characteristics of the hypnotic effect of melatonin agonists
28. Select the pleiotropic effects of melatonin agonists
29. Select the indications for melatonin agonists
30. Select melatonin receptor agonists as hypnotics
31. Select orexin receptor antagonists as hypnotics
32. Select the characteristics of orexin receptor antagonists as hypnotic
33. Select hypnotics used in the initial hyposomnia
34. Select hypnotics used in intermittent hyposomnia
35. Select hypnotics used in terminal hyposomnia
36. Select the groups of symptomatic anticonvulsants
37. Select the groups of symptomatic anticonvulsants that strongly inhibit the respiratory center
38. Select groups of symptomatic anticonvulsants that weakly inhibit the respiratory center
39. Select antispastics of skeletal muscles (central muscle relaxants)
40. Select the characteristics of the muscle relaxant effect of benzodiazepines
41. Select the indications for benzodiazepines as central muscle relaxants
42. Select benzodiazepines used as central muscle relaxants
43. Select the characteristics of the muscle relaxant effect of tizanidine
44. Select the indications for tizanidine as the central muscle relaxant
45. Select the drugs from various pharmacological groups used as the central muscle relaxants
46. Select the drugs used in major epileptic seizures
47. Select the drugs used in minor epileptic seizures
48. Select the drugs used in epileptic seizure (status epilepticus)
49. Select the drugs used in major epileptic seizures
50. Select the mechanisms of action of antiepileptics
51. Select the groups of antiparkinsonic drugs
52. Select drugs that activated dopaminergic system as antiparkinsonian
53. Select cholinoblockers used as antiparkinsonian
54. Select the mechanisms of action of antiparkinsonian drugs
55. Select the types of local action of ethyl alcohol
56. Select the indications for ethyl alcohol in medicine
57. Select the sequence of influence of ethyl alcohol on the CNS
58. Select the effects of ethyl alcohol on the stomach depending on the concentration
59. Select metabolic changes under the action of ethyl alcohol
60. Select the peculiarities of ethyl alcohol absorption according to concentration
61. Select the peculiarities of the distribution of ethyl alcohol
62. Select the routes of metabolism of ethyl alcohol
63. Select the groups of drugs used in alcohol withdrawal syndrome
64. Select the groups of drugs used in the treatment of alcohol dependence
65. Select the peculiarities of the mechanism of action of disulfiram
66. Select the groups of antimicrobials that may cause a disulfiram reaction
67. Select the peculiarities of the mechanism of action of naltrexone in alcoholism
68. Select the particularities of the mechanism of action of acamprosate in alcoholism
69. Select the groups of drugs used as sedatives
70. Select the indications for sedative drugs
71. Select the peculiarities of the sedative effect of herbal preparations
72. Select the groups of anxiolytic preparations
73. Select anxiolytics with a short duration of action
74. Select anxiolytics with a medium duration of action
75. Select anxiolytics with a long duration of action
76. Select the mechanism of action of benzodiazepine anxiolytics
77. Select the mechanisms of action of anxiolytics from various groups
78. Select the effects of anxiolytics
79. Select the peculiarities of the anxiolytic effect of benzodiazepines
80. Select the indications for benzodiazepine anxiolytics
81. Select the side effects of anxiolytics on CNS
82. Select the neurological side effects of anxiolytics
83. Select the endocrine side effects of anxiolytics
84. Select somato-vegetative side effects of anxiolytics
85. Select the side effects of anxiolytics on digestive system
86. Select the groups of typical antipsychotics
87. Select the groups of atypical antipsychotics
88. Select the peculiarities of the mechanism of action of antipsychotics
89. Select the effects of antipsychotics
90. Select the peculiarities of the sedative effect of antipsychotics
91. Select the peculiarities of the antipsychotic effect of antipsychotics
92. Select the indications for antipsychotics in psychiatry
93. Select the indications for antipsychotics in somatic diseases
94. Select side effects of antipsychotics on CNS
95. Select ophthalmic side effects of antipsychotics
96. Select endocrine side effects of antipsychotics
97. Select cardiovascular side effects of antipsychotics
98. Select the side effects of antipsychotics on digestive system
99. Select thymoisoleptic groups and preparations
100. Select the mechanisms of action of thymoisoleptics
101. Select the effects of thymoisoleptics
102. Select the indications of the normothymics
103. Select antidepressants that non-selectively inhibit monoamine reuptake
104. Select antidepressants that selectively inhibit serotonin reuptake
105. Select antidepressants that selectively inhibit norepinephrine reuptake
106. Select antidepressants that irreversibly inhibit monoamine metabolism
107. Select antidepressants that reversibly inhibit monoamine metabolism
108. Select antidepressants with unidentified mechanisms
109. Select the effects of antidepressants
110. Select the mechanism of action of heterocyclic antidepressants
111. Select other mechanisms of action (actions) of heterocyclic antidepressants
112. Select the mechanisms of action of antidepressants metabolism of monoamines
113. Select the cardinal clinical manifestations of the thymoleptic effect of antidepressants
114. Select the clinical manifestations of the thimeretic effect of antidepressants
115. Select the central side effects of heterocyclic antidepressants
116. Select peripheral side effects of heterocyclic antidepressants
117. Select the side effects of MAOI antidepressants
118. Select cerebrovasoactive nootropics
119. Select the groups of nootropic preparations
120. Select the mechanisms of action of nootropic preparations
121. Select the effects of nootropics
122. Select nootropic indications
123. Select nootropic side effects
124. Select the psychostimulants from the phenylalkylamine group
125. Select the psychostimulants from the piperidine group
126. Select the mechanisms of action of psychostimulants from the amphetamine group
127. Select the effects of phenylalkylamines
128. Select the indications of psychostimulants
129. Select the adverse reactions of psychostimulants when using time is limited
130. Select the adverse reactions of psychostimulants in chronic abuse
131. Select the effects of psychostimulants from methylxanthines
132. Select the indications of psychostimulants from the methylxanthine group
133. Select the side effects of psychostimulants from methylxanthines in excessive doses
134. Select potent opioid analgesic agonists
135. Select the medium and weak agonists of opioid analgesics
136. Select opioid analgesic agonists-antagonists
137. Select opioid analgesic antagonists
138. Select centrally acting non-opioid analgesics
139. Select analgesics with mixed mechanism of action
140. Select analgesics with peripheral action
141. Select the mechanism of action of opioid analgesics at the systemic level
142. Select the levels of achievement of the analgesic action of opioid analgesics
143. Select the result of the action of opioid analgesics in the posterior horns of the spinal cord
144. Select the result of the action of opioid analgesics on the thalamus, hypothalamus, reticulated
formation
145. Select the result of the action of opioid analgesics in the cerebral cortex
146. Select the actions of opioid analgesics on the psychic sphere
147. Select centers that are stimulated by opioid analgesics
148. Select centers that are inhibited by opioid analgesics
149. Select the effects of opioid analgesics on the digestive tract
150. Select the effects of opioid analgesics on the cardiovascular system
151. Select the effects of opioid analgesics on the respiratory system
152. Select the indications for opioid analgesics
153. Select the side effects of opioid analgesics from the CNS
154. Select the side effects of opioid analgesics from the digestive tract
155. Select the side effects of opioid analgesics from the respiratory system
156. Select the side effects of opioid analgesics from the urinary system
157. Select the mechanisms of action of paracetamol
158. Select the indications for paracetamol
159. Select the side effects of paracetamol
160. Select the mechanisms of action of tramadol
161. Select the indications for tramadol
162. Select side effects of tramadol
163. Select the mechanisms of action of peripherally acting analgesics
164. Select the effects of analgesics with peripheral action
165. Select the indications for peripherally acting analgesics

PREPARATIONS WITH INFLUENCE ON THE EFFECTOR ORGANS (RESPIRATORY,

CARDIOVASCULAR, DIGESTIVE TRACT, URINARY)
1. Determine the groups and antitussive preparations with central action
2. Determine the groups and antitussive preparations with peripheral action
3. Determine the indications for opioid antitussives
4. Determine the groups and preparations of secretostimulating expectorants
5. Determine the groups and preparations of secretolytic expectorants
6. Determine the mechanisms of action of expectorants with reflex action
7. Determine the mechanisms of action of mixed-action expectorants
8. Determine the indications for secretostimulating expectorants
9. Determine the mechanisms of action and effects of acetylcysteine
10. Determine the mechanisms of action and effects of bromhexine
11. Determine the groups of antiasthmatic preparations
12. Determine the adrenomimetic groups and preparations as bronchodilators
13. Determine beta-adrenomimetics as bronchodilators by duration of action
14. Determine the effects of beta-adrenomimetics as bronchodilators
15. Determine the indications for beta-adrenomimetics as bronchodilators
16. Determine the side effects of beta-adrenomimetics
17. Determine the M-cholinoblockers as brohodilators by duration of action
18. Determine the effects of M-cholinoblockers as bronchodilators
19. Determine the indications for M-cholinoblockers as bronchodilators
20. Determine the side effects of M-cholinoblockers as bronchodilators
21. Determine the inhaled glucocorticoids as bronchodilators
22. Determine the effects of glucocorticoids as bronchodilators
23. Determine the indications for glucocorticoids as bronchodilators
24. Determine the side effects of inhaled glucocorticoids
25. Determine the methylxanthines as bronchodilators by duration of action
26. Determine the mechanism of action and effects of methylxanthines as bronchodilators
27. Determine the indications for methylxanthines as bronchodilators
28. Determine the side effects of methylxanthines as bronchodilators
29. Determine the surfactant preparations
30. Determine the indications of the surfactant preparations
31. Determine the groups and preparations of membrane stabilizing antiarrhythmics
32. Determine the antiarrhythmic preparations from the group of beta-adrenoblockers, calcium channel
blockers, potassium channel blockers
33. Determine the mechanism of action and antiarrhythmic effect of preparations of group 1A, 1B, 1C
34. Determine the indications for antiarrhythmic preparations from the group 1A, 1B, 1C
35. Determine the mechanism of action and antiarrhythmic effect of beta-adrenoblocker preparations
36. Determine the indications for antiarrhythmic drugs from the beta-adrenoblocker group
37. Determine the mechanism of action and antiarrhythmic effect of drugs in the group of calcium
channel blockers
38. Determine the indications for antiarrhythmic preparations in the group of calcium blockers
39. Determine the mechanism of action and antiarrhythmic effect of amiodarone
40. Determine the indications for amiodarone as an antiarrhythmic drug
41. Determine the groups and preparations of inotropic-positive drugs
42. Determine the groups and preparations of vasodilators used in heart failure
43. Determine the cardiac glycosides by duration of action and solubility
44. Determine the cardiotonic mechanism of cardiac glycosides
45. Determine the effects of cardiac glycosides on the heart and hemodynamics
46. Determine the indications for cardiac glycosides
47. Determine the clinical picture of cardiac glycoside poisoning and treatment
48. Determine the pharmacokinetics of cardiac glycosides
49. Determine the dosing principles of cardiac glycosides
50. Determine the groups and preparations of neurotropic antihypertensives
51. Determine the groups and preparations of myotropic antihypertensives
52. Determine the groups and preparations of antihypertensives that influence the renin-angiotensin-
aldosterone system
53. Determine the mechanism of action and antihypertensive effect of centrally acting preparations
54. Determine the indications for centrally acting antihypertensives
55. Determine the side effects of centrally acting antihypertensives
56. Determine the mechanism of action and antihypertensive effect of beta-adrenoblockers
57. Determine the indications for beta-adrenoblockers as antihypertensives
58. Determine the side effects of beta-adrenoblocker antihypertensives
59. Determine the mechanism of action and antihypertensive effect of calcium channel blockers
60. Determine the indications for antihypertensives calcium channel blockers
61. Determine the side effects of antihypertensives from calcium channel blockers
62. Determine the mechanism of action and antihypertensive effect of angiotensine-converting enzyme
inhibitors
63. Determine the indications for antihypertensive angiotensine-converting enzyme inhibitors
64. Determine the adverse reactions of antihypertensives that inhibit conversion enzymes
65. Determine the mechanism of action and antihypertensive effect of angiotensin receptor blockers
66. Determine the indications for antihypertensives angiotensin receptor blockers
67. Determine the side effects of angiotenin receptor blockers
68. Determine the preparations used in hypertensive crises
69. Determine the vasoconstrictor groups and preparations as antihypotensives
70. Determine the groups and preparations that intensify the heart work as antihypotensives
71. Determine the preparations with complex mechanism and with permissive action as
antihypotensives
72. Determine the antihypotensives by duration of action
73. Determine the effects of alpha-adrenomimetics as antihypotensives
74. Determine the effects of alpha-beta-adrenomimetics as antihypotensives
75. Determine the effects and indications of dopaminomimetics as antihypotensives
76. Determine the mechanism of action and effects of isothiouric derivatives as antihypotensives
77. Determine the indications for isothiouric derivatives as antihypotensives
78. Determine the effects and indications of beta-1-adrenomimetics as antihypotensives
79. Determine the groups and preparations of myotropic cerebral vasodilators
80. Determine the groups and preparations of neurotropic cerebral vasodilators
81. Determine the mechanism of action and pharmacodynamics of vinca minor alkaloids
82. Determine the indications for the vinca minor alkaloids
83. Determine the mechanism of action and pharmacodynamics of xanthine derivatives as cerebral
vasodilators
84. Determine the indications for xanthine derivatives as cerebral vasodilators
85. Determine the groups and preparations used in migraine attacks
86. Determine the groups and preparations used in migraine prophylaxis
87. Mechanism of action and effects of sumatriptans (indol derivatives) as antimigraine
88. Determine the mechanism of action and effects of isothiouric derivatives as antimigraine
89. Determine the antianginal groups and preparations that reduce the need for oxygen (decreas oxygen
demand)
90. Determine the antianginal groups and preparations that increase oxygen supply
91. Determine the mechanism of action of nitrates
92. Determine the antianginal effect of nitrates
93. Determine the indications for nitrates
94. Determine the side effects of nitrates
95. Determine the antianginal effect of beta-adrenoblockers
96. Determine the antianginal effect of calcium channel blockers
97. Determine the preparations used to abolish angina pectoris attacks
98. Determine the groups and preparations used in acute myocardial infarction
99. Determine the diuretic groups by site of action in the nephron
100. Determine the diuretic groups by mechanism of action
101. Determine the diuretic groups by the intensity of the actions
102. Determine the diuretic groups by duration of action
103. Determine the mechanism of action of osmotic diuretics
104. Determine the effects of osmotic diuretics
105. Determine the indications for osmotic diuretics
106. Determine the side effects of osmotic diuretics
107. Determine the mechanism of action of loop diuretics
108. Determine the effects of loop diuretics
109. Determine the indications for loop diuretics
110. Determine the side effects of loop diuretics
111. Determine the mechanism of action of thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics
112. Determine the effects of thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics
113. Determine the indications for thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics
114. Determine the side effects of thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics
115. Determine the mechanism of action of diuretics of competitive aldosterone antagonists
116. Determine the effects of diuretics from competitive aldosterone antagonists
117. Determine the indications for diuretics of competitive aldosterone antagonists
118. Determine the side effects of diuretics of competitive aldosterone antagonists
119. Determine the groups and preparations of plasma substituents
120. Determine the mechanism of action of dextrans
121. Determine the effects of dextrans
122. Determine the indications of the dextrans
123. Determine the side effects of the dextrans
124. Determine the preparations used in isotonic dehydration
125. Determine the preparations used in hypotonic dehydration
126. Determine the preparations used in hypertonic dehydration
127. Determine the groups and preparations of pancreatic enzymes
128. Determine the indications for pancreatic enzyme preparations
129. Determine the side effects of pancreatic enzyme preparations
130. Determine the groups and preparations used in ulcer disease
131. Determine the gastric antisecretory groups and preparations
132. Determine the mechanism of action of H2-histaminoblockers
133. Determine the manifestations of the antiulcer effect of H2-histaminoblockers
134. Determine the indications for H2-histaminoblockers
135. Determine the side effects of H2-histaminoblockers
136. Determine the mechanism of action of proton pump inhibitors
137. Determine the manifestations of the antiulcer effect of proton pump inhibitors
138. Determine the indications for proton pump inhibitors
139. Determine the side effects of proton pump inhibitors
140. Determine the mechanism of action of prostaglandin analogues
141. Determine the manifestations of the antiulcer effect of prostaglandin analogues
142. Determine the indications for prostaglandin analogues
143. Determine the groups of systemic and non-systemic antacids
144. Determine the mechanism of action of systemic and non-systemic antacids
145. Determine the manifestations of the antiulcer effect of systemic and non-systemic antacids
146. Determine the side effects of systemic and non-systemic antacids
147. Determine the groups and preparations of prokinetics
148. Determine the mechanisms of action of prokinetics
149. Determine the indications of prokinetics
150. Determine the groups and preparations of antiflatulents
151. Determine the mechanisms of action of antiflatulents
152. Determine the indications for antiflatulents
153. Determine the groups and preparations of bulk forming agents and stool softener
154. Determine the mechanisms of action of bulk forming agents and stool softener
155. Determine the indications for bulk forming agents and stool softener
156. Determine the groups and preparations of osmotic purgative
157. Determine the mechanisms of action of osmotic purgatives
158. Determine the indications for osmotic purgatives
159. Determine the groups and preparations of irritating (stimulant) purgatives
160. Determine the mechanisms of action of irritating (stimulant) purgatives
161. Determine the indications for irritating (stimulant) purgatives
162. Determine the groups and preparations of spasmolytics
163. Determine the mechanisms of action of neurotropic, myotropic and mixed spasmolytics
164. Determine the indications for neurotropic, myotropic and mixed spasmolytics
165. Determine anti-vomiting (emetic) groups and preparations
166. Determine the mechanisms of action of serotonin antagonists as anti-vomiting
167. Determine the indications for serotonin antagonists as antivomiting
168. Determine the antidiarrheal groups and preparations
169. Determine the mechanisms of action of astringent, adsorbent and protective antidiarrheals
170. Determine the mechanisms of action of opioids as antidiarrheals
171. Determine the indications for opioids as antidiarrheals
172. Determine the hepatoprotective groups and preparations by origin
173. Determine the mechanisms of action of hepatoprotectors
174. Determine the indications for hepatoprotectors
175. Determine the effects of silymarin
176. Determine the effects of ademethionine
177. Determine the effects of ursodeoxycholic acid
178. Determine the effects of entomological preparations as hepatoprotectors
179. Determine the choleretic groups and preparations
180. Determine the mechanisms of action and effects of bile acid preparations as choleretic
181. Determine the indications for bile acid preparations as choleretic
182. Determine the groups and preparations of cholecystokinetics
183. Determine the mechanisms of action of cholecystokinetics
184. Determine the groups and preparationsof cholespasmolytics
185. Determine the mechanisms of action of cholespasmolytics

CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC PREPARATIONS
1. Select the groups of antibiotics according to the mechanism of action
2. Select groups of antibiotics by spectrum of action
3. Select the groups of antibiotics according to the antibacterial effect
4. Select groups of antibiotics beta- lactams
5. Select beta- lactamase inhibitors
6. Select the mechanism of action of antibiotics beta- lactams
7. Select biosynthetic and semisynthetic penicillins
8. Select the spectrum of action of biosynthetic and semi - synthetic penicillins
9. Select penicillin side effects
10. Select cephalosporins by generation IV
11. Select the spectrum of action of the cephalosporins of generations IV
12. Select the indications for cephalosporins of generation I-IV
13. Select the side effects of cephalosporins
14. Select carbapenem antibiotics
15. Select the spectrum of action of carbapenems
16. Select the indications for carbapenems
17. Select monobactams
18. Select the spectrum of action of monobactams
19. Select aminoglycosides from generation I-III
20. Select the spectrum of action of aminoglycosides
21. Select the mechanism of action of aminoglycosides
22. Select the indications for aminoglycosides
23. Select the side effects of aminoglycosides
24. Select macrolides
25. Select the spectrum of action of macrolides
26. Select the mechanism of action of the macrolides
27. Select the indications of the macrolides
28. Select the side effects of macrolides
29. Select lincosamides
30. Select the spectrum of action of lincosamides
31. Select the mechanism of action of lincosamides
32. Select the indications for lincosamides
33. Select the side effects of lincosamides
34. Select tetracyclines
35. Select the spectrum of action of tetracyclines
36. Select the mechanism of action of tetracyclines
37. Select the indications for tetracyclines
38. Select the side effects of tetracyclines
39. Select the antibiotics from amphenicols derivatives group
40. Select the spectrum of action of the antibiotics from amphenicol derivatives group
41. Select the mechanism of action of antibiotics from amphenicol derivatives group
42. Select the indications of antibiotics from amphenicol derivatives group
43. Select the side effects of antibiotics from amphenicol derivatives group
44. Select glycopeptide antibiotics
45. Select the spectrum of action of glycopeptide antibiotics
46. Select the mechanism of action of glycopeptide antibiotics
47. Select the indications for glycopeptide antibiotics
48. Select the side effects of glycopeptide antibiotics
49. Select the mechanism of action of polymyxins
50. Select the spectrum of action of polymyxins
51. Select the indications for polymyxins
52. Select the side effects of polymyxins
53. Select ansamycins
54. Select the spectrum of action of ansamycins
55. Select the mechanism of action of ansamycins
56. Select the indications of ansamycins
57. Select the side effects of ansamycins
58. List the forms of bacterial resistance
59. Select the mechanisms of bacterial resistance
60. Select the biochemical and genetic mechanisms of transmission of resistance
61. Select ways of prevention of bacterial resistance
62. Name the basic indications for the combination of antibiotics
63. Determine antibacterials used in the anaerobic gram-negative ( Bac.fragilis etc. ) bacteria infection
64. Select characteristics for antiseptics and disinfectants
65. Select the mechanisms of action of antiseptics
66. Select antiseptic preparations from the group of oxidants
67. Select antiseptic preparations from the group of anionic and cationic detergents
68. Select antiseptic preparations from the dye group
69. Select antiseptics from the halogen group
70. Select the mechanism of action of oxidants as antiseptics
71. Select the effects of oxidants as antiseptics
72. Select the indications of oxidants as antiseptics
73. Select the mechanism of action of cationic detergents as antiseptics
74. Select the effects of cationic detergents as antiseptics
75. Select the indications for cationic detergents as antiseptics
76. Select the mechanism of action of alcohols as antiseptics
77. Select the effects of alcohol as an antiseptic
78. Select the indications of alcohols as antiseptics
79. Select systemic sulfamides.
80. Select sulfonamides with intestinal action
81. Select sulfonamides with local action
82. Determine the spectrum of action of sulfonamides
83. Determine the mechanism of action of sulfonamides
84. Determine the indications for sulfonamides
85. Determine the side effects of sulfonamides
86. Determine the combined systemic sulfonamides
87. Determine the mechanism of action of combined systemic sulfonamides
88. Select nitrofuran derivatives
89. Select the spectrum of action of nitrofuran derivatives
90. Determine the mechanism of action of nitrofuran derivatives
91. Determine the indications of nitrofuran derivatives
92. Determine the side effects of nitrofuran derivatives
93. Determine the fluorinated quinolones
94. Indicate the spectrum of action and the mechanism of action of non- fluorinated quinolones
95. Indications for non- fluorinated quinolones
96. Select fluoroquinolones
97. Select the spectrum and mechanism of action of fluoroquinolones
98. Select the indications for fluoroquinolones
99. Choose the side effects of fluoroquinolones
100. Determine nitroimidazole derivatives
101. Select the spectrum and mechanism of action of nitroimidazole derivatives
102. Select the indications for nitroimidazole derivatives
103. Determine the side effects of nitroimidazole derivatives
104. Choose oxazolidinedione derivatives
105. Determine the spectrum and mechanism of action of oxazolidinediones
106. Determine the indications for oxazolidinediones
107. Choose 8-oxyquinoline derivatives
108. Indicate the spectrum and mechanism of action of 8oxyquinoline derivatives with systemic action
109. Determine the antitubercular drugs used in sensitive tuberculosis (gr.1)
110. Determine the antitubercular drugs gr.2, 3, 5
111. Select the mechanisms of action of antitubercular drugs
112. Select the side effects of antitubercular drugs ( isoniazid, rifampicin ,ethambutol )
113. Determine anti-leprosy groups and preparations
114. Select the mechanisms of action of anti-leprosy preparations
115. Select drugs used in malaria ( hemato -, shizo - and gametotropic )
116. Select the mechanisms of action of antimalarial drugs
117. Select the indications of antimalarial drugs
118. Select the groups and preparations used in amoebiasis
119. Select the preparations used in trichomoniasis
120. Select the preparations used in lambliosis
121. Select the drugs used in toxoplasmosis
122. Select the mechanisms of action of preparations used in toxoplasmosis
123. Select the indications for the drugs used in toxoplasmosis
124. Select the preparations used in trypanosomiasis
125. Select the groups and preparations used in pneumocystosis
126. Select the mechanisms of action of preparations used in pneumocystosis
127. Select the indications for the preparations used in pneumocystosis
128. Determine the preparations used in intestinal nematodes
129. Determine the mechanisms of action of drugs used in the treatment of intestinal nematodes
130. Determine the preparations used in intestinal cestodes
131. Determine the mechanisms of action of preparations used in the treatment of intestinal cestodes
132. Determine the preparations used in extraintestinal helminthiasis
133. Determine the mechanisms of action of preparations used in the treatment
of extraintestinal helminthiasis
134. Select the groups and preparations used in the treatment of syphilis
135. Choose antiviral therapy of influenza viruses
136. Select the mechanisms of action of anti-influenza drugs
137. Select the indications for anti-influenza drugs
138. Select the mechanisms of action of antiherpetic drugs
139. Select the indications for antiherpetic drugs
140. Select antiviral antiherpes drugs
141. Select antiviral antiretroviral drugs
142. Select the mechanism of action of antiretroviral antivirals
143. Select the indications for antiretroviral antivirals
144. Determine the side effects of antiretroviral antivirals
145. Select antiviral drugs used in viral hepatitis B.
146. Select the mechanism of action of interferon
147. Select the indications of interferon drugs
148. Select the side effects of interferons drugs
149. Select the antiviral drugs used in viral hepatitis C.
150. Select antiviral drugs used in the papillomaviruses infections
151. Select antiviral drugs used in the coronarovirusuri infections
152. Select medicines used in Covid 19
153. Select antifungal groups and drugs by origin
154. Select antifungal groups and drugs used in systemic mycoses and dermatomycose
155. Determine the mechanisms of action of antifungals
156. Name the side effects of amphotericin B.
157. Determine the imidazole and triazole derivatives
158. Determine the mechanism of action of the imidazole and triazole derivatives
159. Select the indications for imidazole and triazole derivatives
160. Select the side effects of the derivatives of imidazole and triazole
161. Determine the spectrum and mechanism of action of echinocandins .

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANTIALLERGIC, HORMONAL, ANTITHROMBOTIC,

HEMOSTATIC AND ANTIANEMIC PREPARATIONS
1. Determine non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory groups and drugs
2. Determine the selective COX-1 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
3. Determine selective COX-2 inhibitory preparations
4. Determine specific COX-2 inhibitory preparations
5. Determine the anti-inflammatory groups and drugs with specific antirheumatic action
6. Determine the mechanisms of anti-inflammatory action of gold salts
7. Determine the mechanisms of action of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
8. Determine the mechanisms of anti-inflammatory action of aminoquinolines
9. Determine the mechanisms of anti-inflammatory action of penicillamine
10. Determine the anti-inflammatory action of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
11. Determine the therapeutic effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
12. Determine the therapeutic or undesirable effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
13. Determine the indications for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
14. Determine the side effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
15. Determine the indications of aminoquinolines
16. Determine the indications of gold preparations
17. Determine the indications for penicillamine
18. Determine the groups and antiallergic drugs which are competitive antagonists of mediators
19. Determine the groups and antiallergic drugs which are functional antagonists of mediators
20. Determine the groups and antiallergic drugs that inhibit the release of mediators
21. Determine the groups and antiallergic drugs that reduce tissue damage
22. Determine the groups of antiallergics used in delayed type allergic reactions
23. Determine the groups and antiallergic drugs used in anaphylactic shock
24. Determine the antiallergic drugs used in asthma attacks
25. Determine H1- antihistamines from generation II
26. Determine H1- antihistamines from generation I
27. Determine H1- antihistamines from generation III
28. Determine the effects of H1-antihistamines
29. Determine the indications of H1-antihistamines
30. Determine the side effects of H1-antihistamines
31. Determine the effects of epinephrine in anaphylactic shock
32. Determine the effects of glucocorticoids as antiallergics
33. Determine the indications for glucocorticoids as antiallergics
34. Determine the antileukotrienes
35. Determine the mechanisms of mast cell degranulation inhibitors
36. Determine the indications of mast cell degranulation inhibitors
37. Determine immunomodulatory drugs of animal origin
38. Determine immunomodulatory drugs of bacterial origin
39. Determine the low molecular weight immunomodulatory preparations
40. Determine the recombinant immunomodulatory preparations

Hormonal preparations
1. Determine the hormonal preparations of the hypothalamus
2. Determine the hormonal preparations of the adenohypophysis (pituitary gland)
3. Determine the hormonal preparations of the neurohypophysis (pituitary gland)
4. Determine the mechanisms of action and effects of hormonal preparations of the thyroid gland
5. Determine the indications for hormonal preparations of the thyroid gland
6. Determine the side effects of hormonal preparations of the thyroid gland
7. Determine antithyroid groups and preparations
8. Determine the mechanisms of action of antithyroid drugs
9. Determine the indications for thioamide antithyroid drugs
10. Determine the indications for iodide preparations as antithyroid drugs
11. Determine the side effects of thioamide antithyroid drugs
12. Determine the oral antidiabetics in the sulfonylureas group
13. Determine the oral antidiabetics in the DPP-IV inhibitors
14. Determine the antidiabetic agents in the meglitinide group
15. Determine the oral antidiabetics in the GLP-1 agent group
16. Determine the oral antidiabetics from the group of tetrasaccharides (α-Glusosidase inhibitors)
17. Determine the groups of oral antidiabetics that contribute to the release of insulin
18. Determine the groups of oral antidiabetics that increase insulin sensitivity
19. Determine the groups of oral antidiabetics that inhibit carbohydrate absorption
20. Determine the groups of oral antidiabetics that contribute to glucose utilization
21. Determine the effects of insulin preparations on lipid metabolism
22. Determine the effects of insulin preparations on carbohydrate metabolism
23. Determine the biphasic human insulin preparations
24. Determine the ultra-rapid and ultra-short insulin preparations
25. Determine the basal human insulin preparations
26. Determine the mechanisms of action of insulin preparations
27. Determine the side effects of insulin preparations
28. Determine the manifestations of hypoglycaemia in insulin preparations
29. Determine the absolute and relative indications of insulin preparations
30. Determine the mechanisms of action of biguanides
31. Determine the indications for biguanides
32. Determine the manifestations of the hypoglycemic effect of biguanides
33. Determine the mechanisms of action of sulfonylureas
34. Determine the manifestations of the hypoglycaemic effect of sulfonylureas
35. Determine the mechanisms of action of DPP-IV inhibitors
36. Determine the manifestations of the hypoglycemic effect of DPP-IV inhibitors
37. Determine the mechanisms of action of GLP-1 receptor agonists
38. Determine the manifestations of the hypoglycemic effect of GLP-1 agonists
39. Determine the mechanisms of action of tetrasaccharides (α-Glusosidase inhibitors)
40. Determine the mechanism of action of meglitinides
41. Determine the manifestations of the hypoglycaemic effect of meglitinides
42. Determine the mechanisms of action of thiazolidinediones
43. Determine the manifestations of the hypoglycaemic effect of thiazolidinediones
44. Determine the mechanism of action of aldoreductase inhibitors
45. Determine the glucocorticoids for topical administration
46. Determine the glucocorticoids for intravenous administration
47. Determine the glucocorticoids for intramuscular administration
48. Determine the glucocorticoids for inhalation
49. Determine the glucocorticoids with low, medium and high activity (potency)
50. Determine the glucocorticoids with short, medium and long duration of action
51. Determine the glucocorticoids by anti-inflammatory and mineralocorticoid activity
52. Determine the genomic mechanism of action of glucocorticoids
53. Determine the non-genomic mechanism of action of glucocorticoids
54. Determine the anti-allergic action of glucocorticoids
55. Determine the immunosuppressive action of glucocorticoids
56. Determine the anti-inflammatory action of glucocorticoids
57. Determine the anti-shock action of glucocorticoids
58. Determine the effects of glucocorticoids on hydro-electrolytic metabolism
59. Determine the effects of glucocorticoids on lipid metabolism
60. Determine the effects of glucocorticoids on protein metabolism
61. Determine the effects of glucocorticoids on carbohydrate metabolism
62. Determine the indications for glucocorticoids
63. Determine the side effects of glucocorticoids
64. Determine the effects of mineralocorticoids
65. Determine the estrogen preparations
66. Determine the specific effects of estrogen preparations
67. Determine the metabolic effects of estrogen preparations
68. Determine the indications for estrogen preparations
69. Determine the preparations of semisynthetic progestins
70. Determine the effects of progesteron preparations
71. Determine the preparations of semisynthetic androgens
72. Determine the indications for androgen preparations
73. Determine the vaginal contraceptives
74. Determine the contraceptive preparations subcutaneous implants

ANTITHROMBOTIC, HEMOSTATIC AND ANTIANEMIC

1. Determine groups of anticoagulants with direct action
2. Determine the groups of antiplatelet agents
3. Determine direct factor Xa antagonists
4. Determine direct thrombin antagonists
5. Determine heparinoids as anticoagulants
6. Determine the indirect anticoagulant drugs
7. Determine the antagonists of thromboxane A2 receptors
8. Determine the antiaggregant drug that inhibit phosphodiesterase
9. Determine the antiaggregant drugs that inhibit cyclooxygenase
10. Determine the antiaggregant drugs that block purinergic receptors
11. Determine the antiaggregant drugs that inhibit thromboxane synthase
12. Determine the antiaggregant drugs that reduce blood viscosity
13. Determine the antiaggregant drugs that block GPIIB / IIIA receptors
14. Determine the characteristic effects of standard heparin
15. Determine the mechanism of anticoagulant action of standard heparin
16. Determine the mechanism of anticoagulant action of low molecular weight heparins
17. Determine the mechanism of action of indirect anticoagulants
18. Determine the mechanism of antiplatelet action of clopidogrel
19. Determine the mechanism of antiplatelet action of acetylsalicylic acid
20. Determine the mechanism of antiplatelet action of pentoxifylline
21. Determine the mechanism of antiplatelet action of ridogrel
22. Determine the antiplatelet mechanism of abciximab
23. Determine the mechanism of antiplatelet action of dipyridamole
24. Determine the mechanism of antiplatelet action of prostaglandin analogues
25. Determine the peculiarities of acetilsalicylic acid as an antiplatelet agent
26. Determine the indications for standard heparin
27. Determine the indications for low molecular weight heparins
28. Determine the indications for sulodexide
29. Determine the indications for indirect anticoagulants
30. Determine the indications for indirect fibrinolytics
31. Determine the indications of GPIIb / IIIa receptor blockers
32. Determine the indications for acetylsalicylic acid as an antiplatelet agent
33. Determine indications for phosphodiesterase (pentoxyphylline) inhibitors
34. Determine the indications for dextrans as antithrombotics
35. Determine the side effects of standard heparin
36. Determine the groups and hemostatic drugs with systemic action
37. Determine the groups and hemostatic drugs with local action
38. Determine the indications for thrombin
39. Determine the indications for fibrinogen
40. Determine the indications for aprotinin
41. Determine the indications for synthetic antifibrinolytics
42. Determine the indications for calcium preparations as aggregates
43. Determine the indications for astringent drugs as hemostatic
44. Determine the indications for vasoconstrictor drugs as hemostatic
45. Determine the indications for vitamin K
46. Determine the mechanism of action of vitamin K
47. Determine the drugs used in hemolytic anemias
48. Determine the drugs used in hyperchromic anemias
49. Determine the drugs used in hypochromic anemia
50. Determine the drugs used in hypo- and aplastic anemias
51. Determine the indications for erythropoietin drugs
52. Determine the indications for iron drugs
53. Determine the effects of erythropoietin
54. Determine the drugs that stimulate leukopoiesis