Diesel Electric Multiple Unit

AC-AC Traction
Type MDE 648

Lecturer (E)

1
 DEMU : AC-AC TRACTION

• Power transmission in conventional DEMU is

AC-DC-DC.
• Engine + Alternator + Rectifier + DC TMs.
• Power transmission in the new DEMU is
AC-DC-AC.
• Engine + Alternator + Rectifier + Traction Converter +
AC Traction Motors.

2
 AC-AC DEMU
OPERATION DETAILS

Particulars Details
Number of coaches in Basic 1 DPC + 4 TC
Unit
Train formation Upto 4 Basic units in one
formation.
Maximum Service Speed 110 km/h
Maximum Test Speed 123 km/h
Engine Power 1600 HP
Input to Traction Alternator 1450 HP (approx)
(at 47° C site conditions)
Maximum Tractive Effort 16 tonnes upto 20km/h or
more

3
 AC-AC DEMU
FEATURES

• Increased Power from 1400 to 1600HP.

• Increases passenger capacity.
• Extensive fault diagnostics and Fault tolerances
where ever possible.
• Touch Screen Display for driver interface as
against LED indication panel.
• All analog meters and gauges are duplicated in
the display.
• Dual Display units for redundancy.

4
 AC-AC DEMU
FEATURES

• Compressor Motor control by VCC

• Inbuilt Speed time and distance recorder
• In built Event recorder
• Life time Statistical Data recorder
• Intelligent data logger
• Remote monitoring system
• Auxiliary Power Control in place of Aux. Alternator,
to provide Load sharing.

5
 AC-AC DEMU
FEATURES

TCN(Train Communication Network) and Wired

Train Bus(WTB) Communication with Remote
DPC
• Lead DPC communicate traction commands to
remote DPC.
• Remote DPC transfer all performance data to
Lead DPC.
• Crew related messages from remote DPC are
transferred to lead DPC.
• Redundant Train Line communication to utilise
full power from rear DPC in case WTB failed.
6
 AC-AC DEMU
FEATURES

• Optical hot redundant communication

between Vehicle Control Computer and
Traction Inverter.
• For reliable and trouble free service.
• IGBT based inverters.
• For better efficiency and reliability.

7
 AC-AC DEMU
FEATURES

• Traction Motors:
• 3 phase AC Induction motor.
• Light weight and low cost as compared to DC
motors of same capacity.
• Low Maintenance and robust.
• No brushes and commutator as in DC series
motor
• No power grounds and flashovers like DC
series motors.

8
 AC-AC DEMU
FEATURES

• Improved adhesion.
• These motors cannot run beyond synchronous
speed.
• During wheel slip the wheel RPM does not shoot
up as compared to DC series motors.
• So faster control of wheel slip is possible.

9
 AC-AC DEMU
FEATURES

• Auxiliary Power Converter against Auxiliary Alternator.

• Control Battery Bank voltage is reduced to 96V as against 110V.
• Load sharing between the DPCs.
• Single APC can supply coach fan and lights upto 12 trailer coaches
in case of 15 coach formation.
• In case of 20 Coach formation, all the 16 coaches are supplied with
emergency fans and lights. Automatically normal fans and lights are
disconnected by VCC.
• Protection against Battery over charging. Current limit is 24A.
• With increased charging current, the charging voltage droops to
protect the batteries from higher charging currents.
• 3 Phase 415 Volts AC to drive compressor motor. Compressor is
under slung.

10
 DEMU
AC-AC TRACTION

Motor Driven 24V

TM1
Rect.

DC Link Voltage
Compressor Battery
Truck 1

3Ph AC Traction
Inverter - +
3Ph AC

VVVF
415V

1 Starter 24V
TM2 Motor Alt.
Traction
Aux. Converter Alternator ENGINE
ECU
Brake
TM3
Chopper
110V DC

Truck 2

3Ph AC Traction
V V V F Inverter Excitation Eng. Control
2
TM4

VCC
Propulsion
Control & WTB
BATTERY
Charging
Master
Display Controller Remote
DPC
Control Desk
11
 DEMU UNDER SLUNG ITEMS
®

24V Bat 96V Bat Eqp. FOL2

Box Box.
Panel TCC2 Air EPBU
T Spring Aux. T
M T Res. Res. FUEL M T
1TRUCK1 TANK 3TRUCK2M
M Aux. Comp. MR2 4
2 Converter & Dryier TCC1 FOL1
MR1

12
1
 ® DEMU ON BOARD ITEMS

BCS24
Control Panel

Alternator
Rectifier

Traction

13
1
 1600HP
AC-AC DEMU

System Assemblies

14
 MEDHA SCOPE OF SUPPLY
DIESEL ENGINE
Diesel Engine:(Caterpillar)
• Emission compliant and fuel efficient
engine
• 4 Stroke, 12 Cylinder, water cooled,
turbo charged. 1600HP @ 1800 RPM
• Engine Control Unit (ECU) for
electronic fuel injection control and
engine protections
• Separate 24V battery bank for
Engine controls
• Built in small alternator to charge
24V battery
• Common base rail to Engine &
Alternator with a coupling
• Compact hydraulic cooling system
with microprocessor control.

15
 MEDHA SCOPE OF SUPPLY
TRACTION ALTERNATOR

Traction Alternator: (Medha JV TSA)

6 Pole, 3 phase, Star connected 4 wire
self cooled brush less alternator coupled to
engine.
It has got 2 parts. 1. Exciter 2. Alternator
Exciter output coils, diodes and alternator
field coils are mounted on the shaft.
Exciter field and alternator output coils are
assembled on the stator body.
Thermal protection against over load.
Continuous Ratings:
 1400V, 440A, PF 0.96 @ 1800 RPM
1 Hour Ratings:
 1400V, 570A

16
 MEDHA SCOPE OF SUPPLY
RECTIFIER

Rectifier : (Medha)
3 phase, full wave bridge rectifier
alternator mounted.
 Nominal Voltage : 1800V
 Nominal Current : 600A
 Max. Voltage : 2400V
 Max. Current : 750A
Cooling : Forced air by Alternator fan
Protections:
Fuse for over current
Thermal switch for over Temperature

17
 MEDHA SCOPE OF SUPPLY
TRACTION CONVERTERS

Traction Converter - 2 Nos: (Medha)

Under slung mounted DC to AC Converters
and each can power up 2 traction motors.
Works on DC Link Voltage and converts DC
into 3 phase AC Variable Voltage and
frequency based on torque requirement.
Continuously monitor the speed and
temperature of all the Traction motors.
VCC decides torque requirement based on
traction motor speeds.
Inbuilt variable speed blowers to dissipate
heat. Sucks air through filters in engine
room.
Protection against high input voltage is
through brake chopper operated by VCC.

18
 ® DC Link Contactor

Servo motor driven Off load two

pole contactor.
Each Inverter is equipped with
one contactor, to connect DC Link
supply with inverter phase
modules.
This contactor is provided with
two relays
Close relay
Open relay
to close or open the contactor.

19
 ® DC Link Capacitors

Two DC Link capacitors of 1.5 mf

each connected in parallel with
each other are used for each TI.

Temperature of DC link capacitors

is monitored by respective
traction computer through
temperature ensor (PT100).

Temperature >68 degrees -> TC

reduces torque of the TI.
Temperature >70 degrees -> TC
cuts-off the TI.

20
 ® Inverter Phase Modules

Phase modules are used to chop the DCLV

to create 3 ph output which is given as
input to traction motors.

Contains two IGBTs mounted on the heat

sink along with heat pipes and fins.

Gate drive cards are mounted on the IGBT

on one side.

On the other side power supplies for gate

drive, temperature sensors and thermal
switches one for each IGBTare mounted.

21
 ® Inverter Phase Modules

Phase modules are used to chop the DCLV

to create 3 ph output which is given as
input to traction motors.

Contains two IGBTs mounted on the heat

sink along with heat pipes and fins.

Gate drive cards are mounted on the IGBT

on one side.

On the other side power supplies for gate

drive, temperature sensors and thermal
switches one for each IGBTare mounted.

22
 Traction Inverter Cooling
®
Systemt

Speed of Blower Motor is controlled based on the IGBT heat sink

temperatures.

23
 ® Current Sensors

Hall effect based current

sensors are located at different
places to measure the feed
back currents.

Depending on the requirement

current transducers are further
classified as
TI input current transducer
Output phase current
transducers
Over voltage protection ckt
current transducer

24
 ® Temperature Sensors

Various temperature sensors are used to measure

the temperatures of
All the IGBT phase modules in each TI and
DC Link capacitor temperatures
These are PT100 type sensors.
The temperature measuring range of PT100 is from
-36°C to 133.6°C

Apart from these, traction motor stator

temperature is measured by built-in traction motor
temperature sensors.
The temperature measuring range of traction motor
stator temperature sensors is from -30°C to 270°C.

25
 MEDHA SCOPE OF SUPPLY
TRACTION MOTORS

Traction Motors - 4 Nos: (Medha)

 3 phase AC Induction Motors suitable for VVVF
(Varaible Voltage and variable frequency)
Control, complete with pinion, bull gear, and
gear case.
 Two motors in each truck powered by single
inverter to drive individual wheels.
 Traction Motors are self ventilated. Separate
blowers are not required.
Advantages of AC Traction Motors:
 Light weight and low cost as against DC motors.
 No brushes & commutator like in DC motor
 No Flashovers and subsequent damages.
 Low Maintenance and robust.

26
 MEDHA SCOPE OF SUPPLY
AUXILIARY POWER CONTROL
Auxiliary Power Control (APC) : (Medha)
 Conventional Auxiliary Generator with RRU is replaced with APC.
 Works on DC Link Voltage and under slung mounted.
 It provides isolated 110V DC for control.
 Constant voltage type battery charger with max charging current limit 24A.
 It provides 3 phase AC 415V to drive compressor and blowers.
 Single APC can power up entire rack of 2 basic units; or entire rack of 4 basic units
with emegency fan and lights only.
 110V DC load sharing is provided between DPCs.

27
 MEDHA SCOPE OF SUPPLY
CONTROL PANEL

Control Panel : (Medha)

It is a pre-wired Control Panel
with all electrics like relays,
contactors, circuit breakers,
switches, electronic modules etc.

28
 MEDHA SCOPE OF SUPPLY
VEHICLE CONTROL COMPUTER
VCC
Vehicle Control Computer VCC (Medha)
 Microprocessor based control system with
plugin modules. Equipped in CP.
 Performs entire DEMU control based on
drivers commands.
 Performs Multiple Unit control through
Wired Train Bus (WTB) communication
between DPCs.

29
 MEDHA SCOPE OF SUPPLY
CONTROL DESK

Control Desk : (Medha)

 It is a pre wired Driver Desk with all driver controls like master controller,
gauges, indicators, switches, circuit breakers etc.
 EP brake control unit, PIS and speed recorder are not in Medha scope.

30
 MEDHA SCOPE OF SUPPLY
DISPLAY UNITS

Display Units - 2 Nos : (Medha)

 10.4" size, Touch screen, TFT display
units equipped in control desk.
 In general, Display 1 shows crew related
data.
 Display 2 shows health parameters of
the DPC.
 Any Display can be set to any type of
parameters.
 In case of any abnormality it alerts driver
through audio visual indiaction.

31
 MEDHA SCOPE OF SUPPLY
COMPRESSOR

Compressor : (ELGI)
 Motor driven Reciprocating air
cooled compressor - RR15070
under slung mounted.
 1200 LPM delivery irrespective of
notch
 Motor runs on 3 phase AC, 415V
supplied by APC.
 Motor drive (cut-in / cut-out) is
done by VCC
 Air dryer, filter and after cooler are
not in Medha scope.

32
 MEDHA SCOPE OF SUPPLY
BATTERY BANK

Battery Bank : (HBL)

 24V, 500 AH, lead acid batteries are for starter motor and engine
control.
 96V, 120AH, VRLA batteries are for DPC control circuit.

CONTROL Batt. Bank Starter Batt. Bank

33
 VCC FUNCTIONS
ENGINE CONTROL
 VCC Communicates with ECC and perform Control
the following Engine Control functions: Stand
 Engine Start
 Engine Stop
Digital Input
 Engine speed control as per notch Interface
position VCC
 Engine Load control.
 Both hardwired and J1939 protocal

parameters
Hard wired
communications are available between VCC

Start, stop,
Notch, LR,
and ERPM

, Faults
J1939
Engine
and ECU.
 Start, Stop, Notch, LR and ERPM are
through Hardwired.
 Engine Parameters and faults data are
through J1939 protocal.
 J1939 protocal is a two way EC
communication. U
Diesel
Engine
34
 VCC FUNCTIONS
EXCITATION CONTROL
 Excitation control is essential to match the
traction demand to engine output.
TC1
 VCC perform excitation control through
PWM control. Rect. DCLI
Tr. DC TC1
 Generates proportionate PWM signal Alt. Link
based on the notch and traction demand. EXFI APC
 The duty cycle of the PWM decides the
DCLV
average current flowing in the exciter
field.
 Alternator Voltage is proportional to Analog Input
Interface
engine speed and exciter field current.
 AC voltage is rectified by Rectifier unit. PWM Drive
Module
 The rectifier output is connected to TC1,
TC2 and Auxiliary Converter as DC Link VCC
Voltage.

35
 DEMU AC-AC TRACTION
VCC FUNCTIONS

Vehicle Control Computer (VCC) perform the

following controls:
 Propulsion Control in association with traction
inverters.
 Multiple Unit Control Through WTB against train
Line wires.
 Auxiliary Power Control for control supply and
battery charging against auxiliary alternator.

36
Auxiliary Power Control (APC)

38
 APC
Specifications
PARAMETER RANGE
Input Voltage 750 TO 1800 V DC with 15% voltage ripple
Control Supply 77 to 137V DC from battery
109V DC 25A Max. Capacity for battery charging.
121V DC - 315A Max. for Auxiliary Loads
Rated Output Capacity
415V AC 3Phase, 50 Hz, Sine wave - 17KVA for compressor
and Blower
AC output: 200% for 5 sec., 160% for 15 sec.
Short Term Rating
DC output: 120% for 5 sec.
Working Temperature 55° C.
Mounting Under slung.
Cooling Forced Air cooling

39
 APC
Block Diagram & Working
DC Link
APCIC
Aux. Power Control

APC works on DC Link Voltage. DC Link Voltage is

directly connected to APC from rectifier output.
APCIC controlled by VCC, isolates APC whenever
40
required.
 APC
Block Diagram & Working
DC Link
APCIC
Aux. Power Control

Chopper
Buck

3 Phase
Inverter

DC Link Voltage is connected to a buck chopper

from APCIC.
The buck chopper reduces the input voltage and
41
connects to a 3 phase inverter.
 APC
Block Diagram & Working
DC Link
APCIC
Aux. Power Control

Chopper
Buck

3 Phase
Inverter APC
Blower
706
705
704
703
702
701

3 phase inverter converts the DC Voltage into

HT TB APCBL CB
3P AC 3P AC
3phase, 50 Hz sine wave 415V AC. This AC voltage
is distributed to compressor motor and APC blower
42
via circuit breakers and contactors.
 APC
Block Diagram & Working
DC Link
300
D1
APCIC

DC-DC Converter
Aux. Power Control

Chopper

Isolated
Buck

3 Phase
Inverter APC
Blower

100
706
705
704
703
702
701

Buck chopper output also connected to isolated DC-

HT TB APCBL CB
3P AC 3P AC
DC converter. The converter generates 121V DC
with max. capacity of 315A. This Voltage is
43
available between 300 & 100 through diode D1.
 APC
Block Diagram & Working
DC Link
300
D1
APCIC

306
D2
DC-DC Converter

D3
Aux. Power Control

Chopper

Isolated
Buck

305

3 Phase
Inverter APC
Blower

100
706
705
704
703
702
701

From 300, through diode D2, wire no. 305 is

HT TB APCBL CB
3P AC 3P AC
generated. The wire 305 will supply voltage to DEMU
control system. From wire 305 through diode D3,
44
306 is generated for emergency lights and TCCs.
 APC
Block Diagram & Working
DC Link
300
D1
APCIC

306
D2
DC-DC Converter

D3
Aux. Power Control

Chopper

Isolated
Buck

305
D4
Char.

304
Bat.

3 Phase
Inverter APC
Blower

100
706
705
704
703
702
701

Battery charger is connected between 305 and 100

HT TB APCBL CB
3P AC 3P AC
via isolating contactor. The battery charger output is
connected between 304 and 100. Battery gets
45
charge from 304 and 100 via BIS110.
 APC
Block Diagram & Working
DC Link
300
D1
APCIC

306
D2
DC-DC Converter

D3
Aux. Power Control

Chopper

Isolated
Buck

305
D4
Char.

304
Bat.

3 Phase
Inverter APC
Blower

100
706
705
704
703
702
701

Diode D4 is connected between 304 and 305 so

HT TB APCBL CB
3P AC 3P AC
that battery supply is extended to Emergency lights
and TCCs in case of emergency. This is only for a
46
short time to clear section.
 APC
Block Diagram & Working
DC Link
300
D1
APCIC

306
D2
DC-DC Converter

D3
Aux. Power Control

Chopper

Isolated
Buck

305
D4
Char.

304
Bat.

3 Phase
Inverter APC
Blower

100
706
705
704
703
702
701

HT TB APCBL CB
3P AC 3P AC
This is block diagram of APC.
Any Questions.... 47
 APC
Coach Fan and Lights Scheme
DC Link
300
D1  In the Conventional DEMU, if the Auxiliary Generator
APCIC

306
or AVR is failed, only emergency lights are
D2
illuminated in the trail coaches of the basic unit.
DC-DC Converter

D3
Aux. Power Control

 In the AC-AC DEMU V2, Single APC is capable and

Chopper

Isolated
Buck

provide supply to all the trail coaches of two basic

305 units.
D4
 In case of 3 or 4 basic units in a rack, Single APC
Char.

304
Bat.

can provide control supply to emergency fans and

lights in all trail coaches.

 So in trail coaches fans also devided into two

3 Phase
APC bunches. Normal fans and Emergency fans.
Inverter
Blower
 Additonal contactor NLFC (Normal Light and Fan
100 Contactor) is provided.
706
705
704
703
702
701

HT TB APCBL CB  This contactor is automatically switched off based on

3P AC 3P AC total basic units and the APCs failed.
48
 APC
Coach Fan and Lights Scheme
DC Link
300 PF315 321 PF250 302
D1
APCIC

306
D2
DC-DC Converter

D3
Aux. Power Control

Chopper

Isolated
Buck

305
D4
Char.

304
Bat.

3 Phase
Inverter APC
Blower
NF250
100
Wire No. 321 is generated from 300 after the 102
101
706
705
704
703
702
701

NF400
PF315. Wire No 302 is generated from 321 after the
HT TB APCBL CB PF250.
3P AC 3P AC Wire No. 101 is generated from 100 after the
NF400. 49
Wire No. 102 is generated from 101 after the
 APC
Coach Fan and Lights Scheme
DC Link
300 PF315 321 PF250 302
D1 CLC
APCIC

306
D2
DC-DC Converter

D3
Aux. Power Control

Chopper

Isolated

NLFC
Buck

CFC
305
D4
Char.

304
Bat.

3 Phase
Inverter APC
Blower

100 101 NF250 102

706
705
704
703
702
701

NF400

HT TB APCBL CB Wire No. 321 is extended to NLFC and CFC.

3P AC 3P AC Wire No. 306 is extended to CLC contactor
From NLFC the supply is extended to CLC & CFC. 50
 APC
Coach Fan and Lights Scheme
DC Link
300 PF315 321 PF250 302
D1 CLC
APCIC

306
D2
DC-DC Converter

D3
Aux. Power Control

Chopper

Isolated

NLFC NFNCB-P
Buck

CFC EFNCB-P
305

E. FANS
N. FANS
D4
Char.

304
Bat.

EFNCB-N

NFNCB-N
3 Phase
Inverter APC
Blower

100 101 NF250 102

706
705
704
703
702
701

NF400
 Emergency Fans are connected via CFC, EFNCB-P
HT TB APCBL CB
3P AC 3P AC
& EFNCB-N.
 Normal Fans are connected via NLFC, CFC,
51
NFNCB-P & NFNCB-N.
 APC
Coach Fan and Lights Scheme
DC Link
300 PF315 321 PF250 302
D1 CLC
APCIC

306
D2 ELCB-P
DC-DC Converter

D3 NLCB-P
Aux. Power Control

Chopper

Isolated

NLFC NFNCB-P
Buck

CFC EFNCB-P
305

E. FANS
N. FANS
N. LIGHTS
E. LIGHTS
D4
Char.

304
Bat.

EFNCB-N

NFNCB-N
3 Phase NLCB-P
Inverter APC
Blower ELCB-P

100 101 NF250 102

706
705
704
703
702
701

NF400
 Normal Lights are connected via NLFC, CLC,
HT TB APCBL CB
3P AC 3P AC
NLCB-P & NLCB-N.
 Emergency Lights are connected via CLC, ELCB-
52
P & ELCB-N.
 APC
Control Circuit & Battery Charging

DC Link
300 PF315 321 PF250 302
D1 CLC
APCIC

306
D2 ELCB-P
DC-DC Converter

D3 NLCB-P
Aux. Power Control

Chopper

Isolated

NLFC NFNCB-P
Buck

CFC EFNCB-P
305 320

E. FANS
N. FANS
N. LIGHTS
E. LIGHTS
D4

CONTROL Ckt.
Char.

304 310
Bat.

63A EFNCB-N
BIS110

NFNCB-N
BAT.
3 Phase 110V NLCB-P
Inverter APC NF100
Blower ELCB-P
110
100 101 NF250 102
706
705
704
703
702
701

NF400
 BIS110 is connected to wires 305, 304 & 101.
HT TB APCBL CB
3P AC 3P AC
 Control Positive 320 gets supply from 305 via BIS.
 NF100 is ultimate protection for control negative
 Battery gets charge from 304 and 101 via BIS. 53
 APC
Control Circuit & Battery Charging

DC Link
300 PF315 321 PF250 302
D1 CLC
APCIC

306
D2 ELCB-P
DC-DC Converter

D3 NLCB-P
Aux. Power Control

Chopper

Isolated

NLFC NFNCB-P
Buck

CFC EFNCB-P
305 320

E. FANS
N. FANS
N. LIGHTS
E. LIGHTS
R. DPC
D4

CONTROL Ckt.
Char.

304 310
Bat.

63A EFNCB-N
BIS110

TC1.

TC2.
NFNCB-N
BAT.
3 Phase 110V NLCB-P
Inverter APC NF100
Blower ELCB-P
110
100 101 NF250 102
706
705
704
703
702
701

NF400
 Both the Traction inverters are connected between
HT TB APCBL CB
3P AC 3P AC
306 and 101.
 Load Sharing is done from 302 and 102 to rear
54
DPCs.
 Coach Fan & Lights
through Self APC
DC Link
300 PF315 321 PF250 302
D1 CLC
APCIC

306
D2 ELCB-P
DC-DC Converter

D3 NLCB-P
Aux. Power Control

Chopper

Isolated

NLFC NFNCB-P
Buck

CFC EFNCB-P
305 320

E. FANS

N. FANS
N. LIGHTS
E. LIGHTS
R. DPC
D4

CONTROL Ckt.
Char.

304 310
Bat.

63A EFNCB-N
BIS110

TC1.

TC2.
NFNCB-N
BAT.
3 Phase 110V NLCB-P
Inverter APC NF100
Blower ELCB-P
110
100 101 NF250 102
706
705
704
703
702
701

NF400
 Wire 300 from APC feed supply to coach fans and
HT TB APCBL CB
3P AC 3P AC
lights.
 Wire 306 from APC feed supply to E.Lights and
55
traction inverters via D1, D2 and D3.
 Coach Fan & Lights
through Self APC
DC Link
300 PF315 321 PF250 302
D1 CLC
APCIC

306
D2 ELCB-P
DC-DC Converter

D3 NLCB-P
Aux. Power Control

Chopper

Isolated

NLFC NFNCB-P
Buck

CFC EFNCB-P
305 320

E. FANS

N. FANS
N. LIGHTS
E. LIGHTS
R. DPC
D4

CONTROL Ckt.
Char.

304 310
Bat.

63A EFNCB-N
BIS110

TC1.

TC2.
NFNCB-N
BAT.
3 Phase 110V NLCB-P
Inverter APC NF100
Blower ELCB-P
110
100 101 NF250 102
706
705
704
703
702
701

NF400
 Through D1, D2 Wire 305 from APC feed supply to
HT TB APCBL CB
3P AC 3P AC
DPC control circuits via BIS.
 Through D1, D2, Battery charger wire 304 charge
56
the control battery via BIS.
 Coach Fan & Lights
through Load Sharing if APC failed
DC Link
300 PF315 321 PF250 302
D1 CLC
APCIC

306
D2 ELCB-P
DC-DC Converter

D3 NLCB-P
Aux. Power Control

Chopper

Isolated

NLFC NFNCB-P
Buck

CFC EFNCB-P
305 320

E. FANS

N. FANS
N. LIGHTS
E. LIGHTS
R. DPC
D4

CONTROL Ckt.
Char.

304 310
Bat.

63A EFNCB-N
BIS110

TC1.

TC2.
NFNCB-N
BAT.
3 Phase 110V NLCB-P
Inverter APC NF100
Blower ELCB-P
110
100 101 NF250 102
706
705
704
703
702
701

NF400
 Wire 302 from remote APC feed supply to coach
HT TB APCBL CB
3P AC 3P AC
fans and lights via PF250, PF315, NF250 & 102 .
 Wire 306 gets supply from 300 via D2 and D3 to
57
E. Lights and Traction Inverters.
 Control Circuit & Battery Charging through Load Sharing if APC
failed
DC Link
300 PF315 321 PF250 302
D1 CLC
APCIC

306
D2 ELCB-P
DC-DC Converter

D3 NLCB-P
Aux. Power Control

Chopper

Isolated

NLFC NFNCB-P
Buck

CFC EFNCB-P
305 320

E. FANS

N. FANS
N. LIGHTS
E. LIGHTS
R. DPC
D4

CONTROL Ckt.
Char.

304 310
Bat.

63A EFNCB-N
BIS110

TC1.

TC2.
NFNCB-N
BAT.
3 Phase 110V NLCB-P
Inverter APC NF100
Blower ELCB-P
110
100 101 NF250 102
706
705
704
703
702
701

NF400
 Wire 320 gets supply from wire 302 of remote
HT TB APCBL CB
3P AC 3P AC
DPC, via PF250, PF315 and D2 .
 Local battery charger gets supply from 305 and
100. Battery gets charged from 304 & 101 via BIS.58
 Control Circuit & Battery Charging through Load Sharing if APC
failed
DC Link
300 PF315 321 PF250 302
D1 CLC
APCIC

306
D2 ELCB-P
DC-DC Converter

D3 NLCB-P
Aux. Power Control

Chopper

Isolated

NLFC NFNCB-P
Buck

CFC EFNCB-P
305 320

E. FANS

N. FANS
N. LIGHTS
E. LIGHTS
R. DPC
D4

CONTROL Ckt.
Char.

304 310
Bat.

63A EFNCB-N
BIS110

TC1.

TC2.
NFNCB-N
BAT.
3 Phase 110V NLCB-P
Inverter APC NF100
Blower ELCB-P
110
100 101 NF250 102
706
705
704
703
702
701

NF400

HT TB APCBL CB  Diode D1 blocks the reverse voltage to isolated

3P AC 3P AC DC-DC converter of failed APC.
 Compressor does not work where APC is failed. 59
 In case both APCs failed ?
DC Link
300 PF315 321 PF250 302
D1 CLC
APCIC

306
D2 ELCB-P
DC-DC Converter

D3 NLCB-P
Aux. Power Control

Chopper

Isolated

NLFC NFNCB-P
Buck

CFC EFNCB-P
305 320

E. FANS

N. FANS
N. LIGHTS
E. LIGHTS
R. DPC
D4

CONTROL Ckt.
Char.

304 310
Bat.

63A EFNCB-N
BIS110

TC1.

TC2.
NFNCB-N
BAT.
3 Phase 110V NLCB-P
Inverter APC NF100
Blower ELCB-P
110
100 101 NF250 102
706
705
704
703
702
701

NF400
 No Compressor will be working.
HT TB APCBL CB
3P AC 3P AC
 Only to clear blocked section if MR is available.
 Batteries will feed supply to E.Lights and Inverters
60
via D4 & D3.
 DEMU
CONTROL CIRCUIT BREAKERS
DC Link
300 PF315 321 PF250 302
D1 CLC
APCIC

306
D2 ELCB-P
DC-DC Converter

D3 NLCB-P
Aux. Power Control

Chopper

Isolated

NLFC NFNCB-P
Buck

CFC EFNCB-P
305 320

N. FANS
E. FANS

N. LIGHTS
E. LIGHTS
R. DPC
D4

CONTROL Ckt.
Char.

304 310
Bat.

63A EFNCB-N
BIS110

TC1.

TC2.
NFNCB-N
BAT.
3 Phase 110V NLCB-P
Inverter APC NF100
Blower ELCB-P
110
100 101 NF250 102
706
705
704
703
702
701

NF400

HT TB APCBL CB
3P AC 3P AC
Control Battery BAT110 is connected
to BIS110 via 63A fuse.
61
1600 HP DEMU

POWER
DISTRIBUTION

62
 AC-AC DEMU
POWER DISTRIBUTION

Diesel Engine is
main source of
Diesel Engine
power. It is turbo
powered 4 stroke, Model : 3512C
12 cylinders, 1600 Type : 4 Stroke
HP engine. Cooling : Water Cooled
Cylinders : 12
Injection : Electronic Fuel Injection
HP : 1600HP
Specific Fuel Consump. : 225.1 gr/.BKW Hr.
Pre-Lubrication : Nil
Turbochargers :2
Lube oil sump Capacity : 310 Ltrs
Expansion tank capacity : 183 Ltrs.

Diesel Engine

63
 AC-AC DEMU
POWER DISTRIBUTION

Tr. Alternator Traction Alternator

converts rotary  6 Pole, 3 phase, Star connected bush
motion into less alternator.
electrical power. It  It has got 2 parts. 1. Exciter 2. Alternator
is coupled directly Exciter field is built in the alt. stator body
to Engine. Exciter output coils are built on the shaft.
 Its field is excited through 110VDC via IGBT
110V DC+  Exciter output is a 3 phase AC Voltage.
FCP U V W
 Exciter output is rectified through
Diodes.
EF1  Diodes are mounted on the shaft.
 The DC output is fed to Alternator field,
EF2  Alternator field is mounted on the shaft
EXFIS  Alternator generates 3 phase AC Voltage:
From Tr. Alternator  Ratings:
VCC  Max Voltage : 1400V AC
110V DC-  Max Current : 440A
 Max. RPM : 1800
Diesel Engine  Power Factor : 0.96
 One Hour rating : 1400V, 570A.

64
 AC-AC DEMU
POWER DISTRIBUTION

Rectifier unit is
mounted on the
RECTIFIER
alternator. Cooling
air passes through Rectifier  3 phase, full wave bridge
rectifier and then rectifier.
to alternator.
 Ratings:
110V DC+  Nominal Voltage : 1800V
 Nominal Current : 600A
FCP U V W  Max. Voltage : 2400V
EF1
 Max. Current : 750A

EF2 Diode Rating:

EXFIS  1978Amps, 5200Volts
From Tr. Alternator
VCC Protections:
110V DC- Fuse for over current
Thermal switch for over
Diesel Engine Temperature

65
 AC-AC DEMU
POWER DISTRIBUTION

Rectified Output
DCLIS DCLS2 DCLS1
(DCLV) connected
to Traction Control
Cubicles TCC1 and Rectifier DCLVS
TCC2 via DCLIS &
DC link Switches

110V DC+ LF2 LF1

FCP U V W

EF1

EF2
EXFIS
From Tr. Alternator u v w TCC2 u v w TCC1
VCC
110V DC-

Diesel Engine

66
 AC-AC DEMU
POWER DISTRIBUTION

TCC has got three

DCLIS DCLS2 DCLS1
phase modules to
generate 3 phase
AC. The on board Rectifier DCLVS
computer generate
VVVF output

110V DC+ LF2 LF1

FCP U V W

EF1

EF2
EXFIS
From Tr. Alternator u v w TCC2 u v w TCC1
VCC
110V DC-

Diesel Engine

67
 AC-AC DEMU
POWER DISTRIBUTION

Each TCC power

DCLIS DCLS2 DCLS1
up two traction
motors. The
traction motors are Rectifier DCLVS
3 phase induction
motors.

110V DC+ LF2 LF1

FCP U V W

EF1

EF2
EXFIS
From Tr. Alternator u v w TCC2 u v w TCC1
VCC
110V DC-

Diesel Engine u v w u v w u v w u v w

TM3 TM4 TM1 TM2

68
 AC-AC DEMU
POWER DISTRIBUTION

TRACTION MOTOR. DCLIS DCLS2 DCLS1

 3 Phase Y connected induction

Rectifiermotor. DCLVS
 Continuous Ratings:
 1375V, 188A, 1398RPM, 352KW
 One Hour Ratings: LF2 LF1
110V DC+
 1375V, 200A, 1396RPM, 375KW
 TwoFCP minute Rating: U V W
 1375V, 215A, 1393RPM, 400KW
EF1
Gear Ratio : 104 : 23
EF2
EXFIS
From Tr. Alternator u v w TCC2 u v w TCC1
VCC
110V DC-

Diesel Engine u v w u v w u v w u v w

TM3 TM4 TM1 TM2

69
 AC-AC DEMU
POWER DISTRIBUTION

When DPC is set to

motoring, VCC DCLIS DCLS2 DCLS1
energises DCLS1
and DCLS2. VCC Rectifier DCLVS
Sends PWM signal
to exciter field.

110V DC+ LF2 LF1

FCP U V W

EF1
75%
25%
EF2
EXFIS
From Tr. Alternator u v w TCC2 u v w TCC1
VCC
110V DC-

Diesel Engine u v w u v w u v w u v w

TM3 TM4 TM1 TM2

70
 AC-AC DEMU
POWER DISTRIBUTION

When exciter field

get modulated DCLIS DCLS2 DCLS1
supply, alternator
generates 3 phase Rectifier DCLVS
AC and is rectified
by the rectifier.

110V DC+ LF2 LF1

FCP U V W

EF1
75%
25%
EF2
EXFIS
From Tr. Alternator u v w TCC2 u v w TCC1
VCC
110V DC-

Diesel Engine u v w u v w u v w u v w

TM3 TM4 TM1 TM2

71
 AC-AC DEMU
POWER DISTRIBUTION

Both TCC draw

current through DCLIS DCLS2 DCLS1
DCLS1, DCLS2 &
generate 3 phase Rectifier DCLVS
variable voltage &
variable frequency.

110V DC+ LF2 LF1

FCP U V W

EF1
75%
25%
EF2
EXFIS
From Tr. Alternator u v w TCC2 u v w TCC1
VCC
110V DC-

Diesel Engine u v w u v w u v w u v w

TM3 TM4 TM1 TM2

72
 AC-AC DEMU
POWER DISTRIBUTION

TCC output
(variable voltage & DCLIS DCLS2 DCLS1
frequency) is
connected to TMs Rectifier DCLVS
(3 phase induction
motors ).

110V DC+ LF2 LF1

FCP U V W

EF1
75%
25%
EF2
EXFIS
From Tr. Alternator u v w TCC2 u v w TCC1
VCC
110V DC-

Diesel Engine u v w u v w u v w u v w

TM3 TM4 TM1 TM2

73
 AC-AC DEMU
POWER DISTRIBUTION

When driver changes notch

DCLISto moveDCLS2
DPC: DCLS1

 VCC decide required Rectifier DC link

DCLVS Voltage as per new notch
and speed
 Accordingly VCC generates PWM signal to change the
110V DC+ LF2 LF1
duty cycle (ON to OFF ratio) of IGBT in exciter field
circuit
FCP U V W

 Exciter EF1 field current changes and alternator voltage is

75%
25%
set EF2
to new limit
EXFISVCC Calculates the new required torque based on DPC
Tr. Alternator
From u v w TCC2 u v w TCC1
VCC speed & working notch
DC-VCC communicates the required torque to both TCCs.
110V

Diesel Engine u v w u v w u v w u v w

TM3 TM4 TM1 TM2

74
 AC-AC DEMU
POWER DISTRIBUTION

When driver changes notch

DCLISto moveDCLS2
DPC: DCLS1

 TCC decides theRectifier frequency DCLVS

and then voltage required for
the new torque.
 Accordingly TCC adjusts the switching sequence & timings
110V DC+of the IGBTs LF2 LF1
 FCPThe Generated U3 phase V W
AC voltage is applied to traction
motors
EF1
 TCC computes torque developed by Traction motors and
75%
25%
sendEF2 this value as a torque feed back
EXFIS

From
VCC compares Tr.this with Torque required
Alternator u v and send
w TCC2 u new
v w TCC1
VCC torque requirement to TCC

DC-The cycle repeats till torque required = torque feed back.

110V

Diesel Engine u v w u v w u v w u v w

TM3 TM4 TM1 TM2

75
 BRAKE CHOPPER

Brake Chopper is
protecting device. DCLIS BC
It short the DCLV R
when ever its Rectifier DCLVS
voltage is more
than set limit. BCIS

110V DC+

FCP U V W

EF1

EF2
EXFIS
From Tr. Alternator
VCC
110V DC-

Diesel Engine

76
 AC-AC DEMU
POWER DISTRIBUTION

• APC takes supply

from DC Link and DCLIS BC
it generates: R
415 V AC and Rectifier DCLVS
110 V DC.
BCIS

110V DC+
Auxiliary Power Control APCIC
FCP U V W
Buck
EF1 Chopper

EF2 300 320A 321 - Load Sharing +ve

305 - Control +ve
EXFIS Isolated 305 - Emer. Lights +ve
From Tr. Alternator DC-DC
306 - Battery Charging
Converter
VCC 100 101 - Load Sharing -ve
400A
110V DC-

Diesel Engine 3 Phase

Inverter

77
THANK YOU
78