GATE 2018 Questions

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Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT‐JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES

GATE 2018
Section: General Aptitude
Q1. – Q5. carry one mark each.
Q1. “When she fell down the _________, she received many _______ but little help”.
The words that best fill the blanks in the above sentence are
(a) stairs, stares (b) stairs, stairs
(c) stares, stairs (d) stares, stares
Q2. “In spite of being warned repeatedly, he failed to correct his__________ behaviour”
The word that best fills the blank in the above sentence is
(a) rational (b) reasonable (c) errant (d) good
Q3. For 0  x  2 , sin x and cos x are both decreasing functions in the interval________
     3   3 
(a)  0,  (b)  ,   (c)   ,  (d)  , 2 
 2 2   2   2 
Q4. The area of an equivalent triangle is 3 . What is the perimeter of the triangle?
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8
Q5. Arrange the following three-dimensional objects in the descending order of their volumes:
(i) A cuboid with dimensions 10 cm, 8 cm and 6 cm
(ii) A cube of side 8cm
(iii) A cylinder with base radius 7 cm and height 7 cm
(iv) A sphere of radius 7 cm
(a) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) (b) (ii), (i), (iv), (iii)
(c) (iii), (ii), (i), (iv) (d) (iv), (iii), (ii), (i)
Q6. – Q10. Carry two marks each.
Q6. An automobile travels from city A to city B and returns to city A by the same route. The
speed of the vehicle during the onward and return journeys were constant at 60 km / h and
90 km / h , respectively. What is the average speed in km / h for the entire journey?
(a) 72 (b) 73 (c) 74 (d) 75
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Q7. A set of 4 parallel lines intersect with another set of 5 parallel lines. How many
parallelograms are formed?
(a) 20 (b) 48 (c) 60 (d) 72
Q8. To pass a test, a candidate needs to answer at least 2 out of 3 questions correctly. A total
of 6,30,000 candidates appeared for the test. Question A was correctly answered by
3,30,000 candidates. Question B was answered correctly by 2,50,000 candidates.
Question C was answered correctly by 2,60,000 candidates. Both questions A and B were
answered correctly by 1,00,000 candidates. Both questions B and C were answered
correctly by 90,000 candidates. Both questions were A and C were answered correctly by
80,000 candidates. If the number of students answering all questions correctly is the same
as the number answering none, how many candidates failed to clear the test?
(a) 30,000 (b) 2,70,000 (c) 3,90,000 (d) 4,20,000
1
Q9. If x 2  x  1  0 , what is the value of x 4  ?
x4
(a) 1 (b) 5 (c) 7 (d) 9
Q10. In a detailed study of annual crow births in India, it was found that there was relatively no
growth during the period 2002 to 2004 and a sudden spike from 2004 to 2005. In another
unrelated study, it was found that the revenue from cracker sales in India which remained
fairly flat from 2002 to 2004, saw a sudden spike in 2005 before declining again in 2006.
The solid line in the graph below refers to annual sale of crackers and the dashed line
refers to the annual crow births in India. Choose the most appropriate inference from the
above data.
(a) There is a strong correlation between crow birth and cracker sales
(b) Cracker usage increases crow birth rate
(c) If cracker sale declines, crow birth will decline
(d) Increased birth rate of crows will cause an increase in the sale of crackers
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Section: Physics
Q1. – Q25. carry one mark each.
Q1. The eigenvalues of a Hermitian matrix are all
(a) real (b) imaginary (c) of modulus one (d) real and positive
Q2. Which one of the following represents the 3 p radial wave function of hydrogen atom?
( a0 is the Bohr radius)
Rr Rr
(a) (b)
0 r / a0 0
r / a0
(c) Rr (d) Rr
0 0 r / a0
r / a0
Q3. Given the following table,

Group I Group II
P: Stern-Gerlach experiment 1: Wave nature of particles
Q: Zeeman effect 2: Quantization of energy of electrons in the atoms
R: Frank-Hertz experiment 3: Existence of electron spin
S: Davisson-Germer experiment 4: Space quantization of angular momentum
Which one of the following correctly matches the experiments from Group I to their
inferences in Group II?
(a) P-2, Q-3, R-4, S-1 (b) P-1, Q-3, R-2, S-4
(c) P-3, Q-4, R-2, S-1 (d) P-2, Q-1, R-4, S-3
Q4. In spherical polar coordinates  r ,  ,   , the unit vector ˆ at 10,  / 4,  / 2  is
(a) k̂ (b)
2

1 ˆ ˆ
jk  (c)
1
2

 ˆj  kˆ  (d)
2

1 ˆ ˆ
jk 
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Q5. The scale factors corresponding to the covariant metric tensor gi j in spherical polar
coordinates are
(a) 1, r 2 , r 2 sin 2  (b) 1, r 2 ,sin 2  (c) 1,1,1 (d) 1, r , r sin 
Q6. In the context of small oscillations, which one of the following does NOT apply to the
normal coordinates?
(a) Each normal coordinate has an eigen-frequency associated with it
(b) The normal coordinates are orthogonal to one another
(c) The normal coordinates are all independent
(d) The potential energy of the system is a sum of squares of the normal coordinates with
constant coefficients
Q7. For the given unit cells of a two dimensional square lattice, which option lists all the
primitive cells?
1 5
4
3
2
(a) (1) and (2) (b) (1), (2) and (3)

(c) (1), (2), (3) and (4) (d) (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5)
  
Q8. Among electric field ( E ), magnetic field ( B ), angular momentum ( L ) and vector

potential ( A ), which is/are odd under parity (space inversion) operation?
  
(a) E only (b) E and A only
   
(c) E and B only (d) B and L only
Q9. The expression for the second overtone frequency in the vibrational absorption spectra of
a diatomic molecule in terms of the harmonic frequency e and anharmonicity constant
xe is
(a) 2e 1  xe  (b) 2e 1  3 xe  (c) 3e 1  2 xe  (d) 3e 1  4 xe 
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Q10. Match the physical effects and order of magnitude of their energy scales given below,
e2
where   is fine structure constant; me and m p are electron and proton mass,
4 0 c
respectively.
Group I Group II
P: Lamb shift 1: ~ O  2 me c 2 
Q: Fine structure 
2: ~ O  4 me c 2 
R: Bohr energy 
3: ~ O  4 me2 c 2 / m p 
S: Hyperfine structure 
4: ~ O  5 me c 2 
(a) P-3, Q-1, R-2, S-4 (b) P-2, Q-3, R-1, S-4
(c) P-4, Q-2, R-1, S-3 (d) P-2, Q-4, R-1, S-3
Q11. The logic expression ABC  ABC  ABC  ABC can be simplified to
(a) A XOR C (b) A AND C (c) 0 (d) 1
Q12. At low temperatures ( T ), the specific heat of common metals is described by (with 
and  as constants)
(a)  T   T 3 (b)  T 3 (c) exp   / T  (d)  T   T 5
Q13. In a 2-to-1 multiplexer as shown below, the output X  A0 if C  0 and X  A1 if C  1 .
Which one of the following is the correct implementation of this multiplexer?
A0 A0
(a) C (b) C
X X
A1 A1
A0 A0
(c) C X (d) C X
A1 A1
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Q14. The elementary particle  is placed in the baryon decuplet, shown below, at
0

Strangeness
Q
P R
S
rd
3 component of isospin
(a) P (b) Q (c) R (d) S

Q15. The intrinsic/permanent electric dipole moment in the ground state of hydrogen atom is
( a0 is the Bohr radius)
(a) 3ea0 (b) zero (c) ea0 (d) 3ea0

Q16. The high temperature magnetic susceptibility of solids having ions with magnetic
1
moments can be described by   with T as absolute temperature and  as
T 
constant. The three behaviours i.e., paramagnetic, ferromagnetic and anti-ferromagnetic
are described, respectively, by
(a)   0,   0,   0 (b)   0,   0,   0
(c)   0,   0,   0 (d)   0,   0,   0
Q17. Which one of the following is an allowed electric dipole transition?
(a) 1S0  3 S1 (b) 2P3/ 2  2D5/ 2 (c) 2D5/ 2  2P1/ 2 (d) 3P0  5D0
Q18. In the decay,    e  e  X , what is X ?

(a)  (b)  e (c)   (d)  
Q19. A spaceship is travelling with a velocity of 0.7 c away from a space station. The
spaceship ejects a probe with a velocity 0.59 c opposite to its own velocity. A person in
the space station would see the probe moving at a speed Xc , where the value of X is
___________ (up to three decimal places).
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Q20. For an operational amplifier (ideal) circuit shown below,
4k
2k 10V
V1 
V0
V2 
5k RL
10V
If V1  1V and V2  2V , the value of V0 is __________ V (up to one decimal place).

Q21. An infinitely long straight wire is carrying a steady current I . The ratio of magnetic
energy density at distance r1 to that at r2   2r1  from the wire is ___________.
Q22. A light beam of intensity I 0 is falling normally on a surface. The surface absorbs 20 %
of the intensity and the rest is reflected. The radiation pressure on the surface is given by
X I 0 / c , where X is __________ (up to one decimal place). Here c is the speed of light.
Q23. The number of independent components of a general electromagnetic field tensor
is__________
Q24. If X is the dimensionality of a free electron gas, the energy ( E ) dependence of density
1
X Y
2
of states is given by E , where Y is_________.
Q25. For nucleus 164
Er , a J   2 state is at 90 keV . Assuming 164
Er to be a rigid rotor, the
energy of its 4 state is ___________ keV (up to one decimal place)
Q26. – Q55. carry two marks each.

     
Q26. 
Given V1  iˆ  ˆj and V2  2iˆ  3 ˆj  2kˆ , which one of the following V3 makes V1 ,V2 , V3 
a complete set for a three dimensional real linear vector space?
 
(a) V3  iˆ  ˆj  4kˆ (b) V3  2iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ
 
(c) V3  iˆ  2 ˆj  6kˆ (d) V3  2iˆ  ˆj  4kˆ
Q27. An interstellar object has speed v at the point of its shortest distance R from a star of
much larger mass M . Given v 2  2GM / R , the trajectory of the object is
(a) circle (b) ellipse (c) parabola (d) hyperbola
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Q28. A particle moves in one dimension under a potential V  x    x with some non-zero
total energy. Which one of the following best describes the particle trajectory in the phase
space?
p p
(a) (b)
x x
p p
(c) (d)
x x
Q29. Consider an infinitely long solenoid with N turns per unit length, radius R and carrying
a current I  t    cos t , where  is a constant and  is the angular frequency. The
magnitude of electric field at the surface of the solenoid is

1 1
(a) 0 NR sin t (b) 0 NR cos t
2 2
(c) 0 NR sin t (d) 0 NR cos t

Q30. A constant and uniform magnetic field B  B0 kˆ pervades all space. Which one of the
following is the correct choice for the vector potential in Coulomb gauge?
(a)  B0  x  y  iˆ (b) B0  x  y  ˆj (c) B0 xjˆ

1

(d)  B0 xiˆ  yjˆ
2

Q31. If H is the Hamiltonian for a free particle with mass m , the commutator  x,  x, H  is
(a)  2 / m (b)   2 / m (c)  2 /  2m  (d)  2 /  2m 
Q32. A long straight wire, having radius a and resistance per unit length r , carries a current
I . The magnitude and direction of the Poynting vector on the surface of the wire is
(a) I 2 r / 2 a , perpendicular to axis of the wire and pointing inwards
(b) I 2 r / 2 a , perpendicular to axis of the wire and pointing outwards
(c) I 2 r /  a , perpendicular to axis of the wire and pointing inwards
(d) I 2 r /  a , perpendicular to axis of the wire and pointing outwards
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Q33. Three particles are to be distributed in four non-degenerate energy levels. The possible
number of ways of distribution: (i) for distinguishable particles, and (ii) for identical
Boson, respectively, is
(a) (i) 24, (ii) 4 (b) (i) 24, (ii) 20 (c) (i) 64, (ii) 20 (d) (i) 64, (ii) 16
Q34. The term symbol for the electronic ground state of oxygen atom is
(a) 1S0 (b) 1D2 (c) 3P0 (d) 3P2
Q35. The energy dispersion for electrons in one dimensional lattice with lattice parameter a is
1
given by E  k   E0  W cos ka , where W and E0 are constants. The effective mass of
2
the electron near the bottom of the band is
2 2 2 2 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Wa 2 Wa 2 2Wa 2 4Wa 2
Q36. Amongst electrical resistivity    , thermal conductivity   , specific heat  C  , Young’s
modulus Y  and magnetic susceptibility    , which quantities show a sharp change at
the superconducting transition temperature?

(a)  ,  , C , Y (b)  , C ,  (c)  ,  , C ,  (d)  , Y , 
Q37. A quarter wave plate introduces a path difference of  / 4 between the two components
of polarization parallel and perpendicular to the optic axis. An electromagnetic wave with

E   xˆ  yˆ  E0 ei kz t  is incident normally on a quarter wave plate which has its optic axis
y
making an angle 1350 with the x - axis as shown.
The emergent electromagnetic wave would be
Optic axis 1350
(a) elliptically polarized x
(b) circularly polarized
(c) linearly polarized with polarization as that of incident wave
(d) linearly polarized but with polarization at 900 to that of the incident wave
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Q38. A p - doped semiconductor slab carries a current I  100 mA in a magnetic field
B  0.2 T as shown. One measures Vy  0.25 mV and Vx  2 mV . The mobility of holes
in the semiconductor is___________ m 2V 1s 1 (up to two decimal places)
B x
Vy y t  1mm
I z
w  4mm
l  10mm
Vx
Q39. An n - channel FET having Gate-Source switch-off voltage VGS  OFF  2 V is used to
invert a 0  5V square-wave signal as shown. The maximum allowed value of R would

be _________ k  (up to two decimal places). 5V
5k
Vout
5V
5V Vin R
0V
0V
1k 100
12V
Q40. Inside a large nucleus, a nucleon with mass 939 MeVc 2 has Fermi momentum 1.40 fm 1
at absolute zero temperature. Its velocity is Xc , where the value of X is__________ (up
to two decimal places).
( c  197 MeV -fm )
Q41. 4 MeV  - rays emitted by the de-excitation of 19F are attributed, assuming spherical
symmetry, to the transition of protons from 1 d3/ 2 state to 1 d5/ 2 state. If the contribution
 
of spin-orbit term to the total energy is written as C l  s , the magnitude of C is ______
MeV (up to one decimal place).
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Q42. An  particle is emitted by a 90 Th nucleus. Assuming the potential to be purely
230
Coulombic beyond the point of separation, the height of the Coulomb barrier is________
MeV (up to two decimal places).
e2
(  1.44 MeV -fm, r0  1.30 fm )
4 0
Q43. For the transformation
Q  2q e 1 2 cos p, P  2q e  1 sin p
(where  is a constant) to be canonical, the value of  is _________.

Q44. Given
d 2 f  x df  x 
2
2  f  x  0 ,
dx dx
and boundary conditions f  0   1 and f 1  0 , the value of f  0.5  is __________ (up
to two decimal places) .

Q45. The absolute value of the integral
5 z 3  3z 2
 z 2  4 dz ,
over the circle z  1.5  1 in complex plane, is __________ (up to two decimal places).
Q46. A uniform circular disc of mass m and radius R is rotating with angular 
speed  about an axis passing through its centre and making an angle

  300 with the axis of the disc. If the kinetic energy of the disc is
 m 2 R 2 , the value of  is__________ (up to two decimal places).
Q47. The ground state energy of a particle of mass m in an infinite potential
well is E0 . It changes to E0 1   103  , when there is a small potential pump of height
 22
V0  and width a  L /100 , as shown in the figure. The value of  is ________
50 mL2
(up to two decimal places). V  x 
x a
V0
L
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Q48. An electromagnetic plane wave is propagating with an intensity I  1.0 105 Wm 2 in a
medium with  3 0 and   0 . The amplitude of the electric field inside the medium
is _________ 103 Vm 1 (up to one decimal place).
( 0  8.85 1012 C 2 N 1m 2 , 0  4 107 NA2 , c  3 108 ms 1 )
Q49. A microcanonical ensemble consists of 12 atoms with each taking either energy 0 state,
or energy  state. Both states are non-degenerate. If the total energy of this ensemble is
4  , its entropy will be _________ k B (up to one decimal place), where k B is the
Boltzmann constant.
Q50. A two-state quantum system has energy eigenvalues   corresponding to the normalized
1
states   . At time t  0 , the system is in quantum state        . The
2
probability that the system will be in the same state at t  h /  6  is _________ (up to
two decimal places).

Q51. An air-conditioner maintains the room temperature at 270 C while the outside temperature
is 470 C . The heat conducted through the walls of the room from outside to inside due to
temperature difference is 7000 W . The minimum work done by the compressor of the
air-conditioner per unit time is__________ W .
Q52. Two solid spheres A and B have same emissivity. The radius of A is four times the
radius of B and temperature of A is twice the temperature of B . The ratio of the rate of
heat radiated from A to that from B is __________.
Q53. The partition function of an ensemble at a temperature T is
N
  
Z   2 cosh 
 k BT 

where k B is the Boltzmann constant. The heat capacity of this ensemble at T  is
kB
X Nk B , where the value of X is __________ (up to two decimal places).
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Q54. An atom in its singlet state is subjected to a magnetic field. The Zeeman splitting of its
650 nm spectral line is 0.03 nm . The magnitude of the field is ___________ Tesla (up
to two decimal places).
( e  1.60 1019 C , me  9.11 1031 kg , c  3.0 108 ms 1 )
Q55. The quantum effects in an ideal gas become important below a certain temperature TQ
when de Broglie wavelength corresponding to the root mean square thermal speed
becomes equal to the inter-atomic separation. For such a gas of atoms of mass
2  1026 kg and number density 6.4 1025 m 3 , TQ  ____________ 103 K (up to one
decimal place).
( k B  1.38 1023 J / K , h  6.6 1034 J -s )
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fiziks

(c) Rr (d) Rr

Q3. Given the following table,

(a) (1) and (2) (b) (1), (2) and (3)

(a) 2e 1  xe  (b) 2e 1  3 xe  (c) 3e 1  2 xe  (d) 3e 1  4 xe 

(a)  T   T 3 (b)  T 3 (c) exp   / T  (d)  T   T 5

Q13. In a 2-to-1 multiplexer as shown below, the output X  A0 if C  0 and X  A1 if C  1 .

Which one of the following is the correct implementation of this multiplexer?

(a) P (b) Q (c) R (d) S

(a) 3ea0 (b) zero (c) ea0 (d) 3ea0

Q18. In the decay,    e  e  X , what is X ?

If V1  1V and V2  2V , the value of V0 is __________ V (up to one decimal place).

energy of its 4 state is ___________ keV (up to one decimal place)

Q26. – Q55. carry two marks each.

magnitude of electric field at the surface of the solenoid is

(a)  B0  x  y  iˆ (b) B0  x  y  ˆj (c) B0 xjˆ

(a)  2 / m (b)   2 / m (c)  2 /  2m  (d)  2 /  2m 

modulus Y  and magnetic susceptibility    , which quantities show a sharp change at

the superconducting transition temperature?

in the semiconductor is___________ m 2V 1s 1 (up to two decimal places)

invert a 0  5V square-wave signal as shown. The maximum allowed value of R would

MeV (up to one decimal place).

(where  is a constant) to be canonical, the value of  is _________.

to two decimal places) .

is _________ 103 Vm 1 (up to one decimal place).

( 0  8.85 1012 C 2 N 1m 2 , 0  4 107 NA2 , c  3 108 ms 1 )

two decimal places).

X Nk B , where the value of X is __________ (up to two decimal places).

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