Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 24 views

    Error Propagation in Indirect Measurements

    Uploaded by

    Stryke Ljd
    The document discusses error propagation in surveying measurements. It defines key terms like accuracy, precision, and standard deviation. It presents the general formula for computing the error (EZ) in a quantity (Z) that is calculated from other measured quantities (a, b, c) with their own errors (Ea, Eb, Ec). The document provides formulas for computing errors in series measurements, sums of measurements, and redundant measurements. It gives examples of applying these formulas to problems involving distance measurements with tapes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Error Propagation in Indirect Measurements

    Uploaded by

    Stryke Ljd
    24 views12 pages
    The document discusses error propagation in surveying measurements. It defines key terms like accuracy, precision, and standard deviation. It presents the general formula for computing the error (EZ) in a quantity (Z) that is calculated from other measured quantities (a, b, c) with their own errors (Ea, Eb, Ec). The document provides formulas for computing errors in series measurements, sums of measurements, and redundant measurements. It gives examples of applying these formulas to problems involving distance measurements with tapes.

    Original Title

    Error propagation in indirect measurements

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses error propagation in surveying measurements. It defines key terms like accuracy, precision, and standard deviation. It presents the general formula for computing the error (EZ) in a quantity (Z) that is calculated from other measured quantities (a, b, c) with their own errors (Ea, Eb, Ec). The document provides formulas for computing errors in series measurements, sums of measurements, and redundant measurements. It gives examples of applying these formulas to problems involving distance measurements with tapes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    24 views12 pages

    Error Propagation in Indirect Measurements

    Uploaded by

    Stryke Ljd
    The document discusses error propagation in surveying measurements. It defines key terms like accuracy, precision, and standard deviation. It presents the general formula for computing the error (EZ) in a quantity (Z) that is calculated from other measured quantities (a, b, c) with their own errors (Ea, Eb, Ec). The document provides formulas for computing errors in series measurements, sums of measurements, and redundant measurements. It gives examples of applying these formulas to problems involving distance measurements with tapes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 12

    Learning outcomes

     At the end of this class, students shall be able to:


     Define propagation of errors
     Compute error of computed quantities in various
    surveying works
     Learn methods in computing errors depending on
    their type of propagation
    Introduction
     The calculation of quantities such as areas, volumes,
    difference in height, horizontal distance, etc., using the
    measured quantities distances and angles, is done through
    mathematical relationships between the computed quantities
    and the measured quantities. Since the measured quantities
    have errors, it is inevitable that the quantities computed from
    them will not have errors. Evaluation of the errors in the
    computed quantities as the function of errors in the
    measurements, is called error propagation.
    Recall…

     Accuracy
     Precision
     Most probable value
     Standard deviation/error
     Variance
     Standard deviation/error of the mean
     Most probable error
    We measure……

     Angle and distance --> coordinates


     Coordinates --> area
     BS and FS --> elevation
    General Formula

    Let:
    a, b, c, ...n - observed quantities (independent)
    Ea, Eb, Ec,...., En - corresponding errors
    Z - computed quantities from observed quantities

     f   f   f  f
    2 2 2 2
     
    EZ    Ea    Eb    Ec   ...   En 
     a   b   c   n 
    Z  f (a, b, c,..., n)
    Error in series

     It describes the error of multiple


    measurements with identical standard
    deviations such as measuring a 1000m
    line with a tape of 100m long

    Eseries   E n
    Error in a sum

     It is the square root of the sum of each of the


    individual measurements squared
     It is used when there are several measurements
    with differing standard errors

    Esum   E1  E2  E3  ...  En
    2 2 2 2
    Error in Redundant
    Measurements

     If a measurement is repeated
    multiple times, the accuracy
    increases, even if the
    measurements have theE same
    value Ered .meas.  
    n
    Examples

    1) A survey party is capable of making taping


    observations with a standard deviation of
    ±10cm in every 100m tape length. What
    standard deviation would be expected in a
    distance of 200m taped by this party?
    2) A 120-m line was taped with a 30-m tape with
    standard deviation of ±3mm. What is the
    expected 95% error in the total length?
    Examples

    3) A distance of 1000 ft. is to be taped with an error


    of not more than ±0.5 ft. Determine how accurately
    each 100 ft. length must be observed to ensure that
    the error will not exceed the permissible limit.
    4) Compute the estimated error of a rectangular lot
    whose measured dimensions and errors 295 ± 0.5 m
    by 601.75 ± 0.6 m.
    Long exam na ta??? 

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy