THE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING: PART 111 EXAMINATION

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

Municipal and Industrial Wastewater Treatrnent (61350)

May 6. 1998 TIME: 9:30 am - 12:30 pm (3 ho叮s)

Answer any FIVE questions. AlI questions carried equal marks.

Use sep缸ate books for Sections A and B.

USE OF ELECTRONIC CALCULATORS:

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should be silent and batte旬-opera削;

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甘1e Calculator: ..
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should not have any printing device, alphanumeric display,

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alphanumeric keybo缸d ， -or graphic display; and

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should not ∞nta扭扭yr血。rded data or progr缸n.

It is 出e candidate s r臼ponsibili可 to ensure 出at his 也lculator opera也s satisfactorily. C缸ldidaL臼

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must record the name and 可pe of their calculators on 出e front page of their examination
scnp 臼.

Section A

1. A straight main sewer conveys foul sewage from a residential district of 16 ,200 people
into 也e nearby trunk sewer. The main sewer is 450 mm in nominal diameter , 70 m in
length , and the elevations at 也e inverts of its upper and lower ends 缸e 1 1. 85 m and
11.64 m , respectively. It is inspected recently 血at a grease and slime layer with an
average thickness of 25 mm has formed on the inner wall of the pipe. Using the
design chart approach ,

(a) predict the wa但r depth in the sewer for the average ùry weather flow if there is
not slime grow由 on 出e pipe wall;
(b) estimate the mean flowing velocity 扭曲e slimed pipe for the average dry weather
flow;
(c) determine if pipe desilting/cleansing is necessary to prevent sewage surcharge;
(d) calculate the maximum invert elevation allowed for the trunk sewer 900 mm in
diameter if the main sewer joins the trunk sewer at a ma世lo1e.

Assume that the following conditions are applicable:

i. the global sewage unit flow factor is 250 L/ capita per day;
ii. the peak flow equals three times the average dry weather flow;
iii. Class M concrete pipes are used with a roughness value of 1. 5 mm for both
new and slimed conditions.
2. As a m吋 or SSDS project , the centralised wastewater treatment plant on Stonecutters
Island is near its completion. To improve the removal of suspended solids and other
pollutants f切m wastewater ，出is treatment works will use chemically enhanced primary
sedimentation with the addition of mainly FeCb. Please briefly discuss the purpose of
the chemical addition , the principal and mechanism of chemically-assisted coagulation-
sedimentation ，也e process sequence of major treatment units involved ，出e key
ñmctions and important design par缸neters of these treatment units. (Use the aid of neat
sketches if necessary)

3. A domestic wastewater is biologically treated in an aerobic lagoon which is a

modification of activated sludge: complete-mix extended aeration WITHOUT recycle.
The sys但m is at steady-state and Monod grow也 function is applicable. If血e
wastewater flowrate remains the s缸ne but the influent BOD concentration doubles ,
explain its impact on 由e new s記ady-s扭扭 values (such as increased , decreased , or kept
the same) of: the decay coefficient (kd), the specific substrate utilisation rate (U) , the
mean cell residence time (8札 biomass concentration (X) ，由e effluent BOD
concentration (Sc) and BOD removal efficiency (η).

Section B

4. Discuss in details precautions , techniques and chemicals used in sampling and

preservation of wastewaters for analysis , and the reasons behind them.

5. What are the following technical terms and their respective applications in industrial
wastewater treatment?

(a) ze阻 potential

(b) pKsolubility
(c) • hydrocyclone
(d) SVI
(e) air flotation

6. Discuss in details of the mechanism of biological phosphorus removal. What 訂e 血e

key design features of 血is newly developed process? (Use sketches and examples to
elucidate your po油的).

ENDOFPAPER

2
 Lisr of surfaces with roughness k s = 1.5 mm

Good examples of Old tuberculated water mains with moderate attack

Well pointed brickwork

Normal examples 01 Old tuberculated water mains with slight attack

Glazed brickwork
Clayware sewers slimed to about half depth; velocity.
when flowing half full. approximately O.75m/s
Concrete :;ewers. spun or vertically cast. slimed to
about halt depth; veloαty. when flowing half full.
approximately 1.2m/s
Poor e y. amples of Wood stave pipes. plar,ed plank conduits
Asbcstos cement sewers slimed to about half
depth; velocity. when flowing half full. approximately 1.2m/s

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