BUILDING MATERIALS AND ASSEMBLIES: FINISHES, PRODUCTS

AND COMPONENTS

FIGUEROA, JUSTINE E.

DECEMBER 2021

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 FINISHES, PRODUCTS AND COMPONENTS

INTRODUCTION

 Any four walls and a roof make an enclosure, but for efficiency,
comfort, and durability, those elements have to be meticulously
designed and installed.
 High-performance buildings begin with a very complex big
picture, integrating site-responsive orientation, climate-
responsive form, hefty R-values, efficient mechanical systems,
healthy indoor air, and glazing that effectively balances daylight
and heat gain.

 Poorly designed, specified, or installed details in these

areas can bring the proudest solar-powered building owners to
their knees with moisture and mold problems, façades falling to
pieces, and drafty interiors that send tenants packing—and even
suing.

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 MATERIALS FOR FINISHES

Finish given to the wall , enhance the exterior look of the structure. For example,
Wall finishes(interiors) - quite delicate and need maintenance. Now, various types of wall
finishes are for the aesthetic purpose. In some cases, concrete, masonry wall may be left
exposed or plastered. Wood or metal stud walls can support a variety of finishes. Below are
some example of wall finishes.

Flexible wall coverings

Plastered walls and gypsum board walls can be finished with a variety of flexible wall covering.

Examples:

Wallpapers
Cloth/paper backed vinyl wall covering
Fabrics
Cork

Wallpapers

⚫ Wallpapers have a paper face and a paper back.

⚫ It is not commonly used in commercial design as it is

subject to soiling, abrasion and fading.

Cloth/Paper backed vinyl wall covering

⚫ Designed for serviceability and durability.

⚫ It is flame resistant.

⚫ Easily cleaned and resistant to fading and

abrasion.

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 Fabrics

⚫ Fabrics like wool, linen, cotton, burlap and

grass cloth are used.

⚫ they require back coating as a barrier to

prevent adhesive from bleeding through fabrics
face and to improve dimensional stability.

Cork

⚫ Cork from renewable bark of the cork oak tree is

used.

⚫ It is durable and resilient.

⚫ Accepts either wax or polyurethane finishes

⚫ Posses excellent acoustical and thermal rating.

Wood wall panels

⚫ Consists of a series of thin sheets of wood

framed together by strips of wood.

⚫ The vertical strips are known as stiles

and the horizontal one as rails.

⚫ Wood panels include solid lumber panelling,

wood veneer panelling and plastic laminate faced
wood panelling.
⚫ Solid wood offers durability and creates texture.

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Plywood

⚫ Plywood is a wood panel product made by

bonding veneers together under heat and
pressure, usually with the grain of adjacent
plies at right angles to each other.

⚫ Plywood core may be particleboard, medium

density fibreboard (MDF), veneer core or
lumber core.

Marble Powder Finish

⚫ This is a very smooth finish. The finish looks

like Marble flooring. This finish is obtained by marble
powder, white cement and water. It is applied
manually.

Mosaic Tiles

⚫ Mosaic tiles are one of the most attractive wall

coverings.

⚫ The very small size of the tiles can create great

compositions by pieces with different hues.

⚫ Can also be used as wall decorative element and be

combined with ceramic tiles of more big size.

⚫ he size of the one glass tile is 10×10 mm and before

application these tiles are mounted on berg lass sheet of
327 x 327 mm.

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⚫ Mosaic tiles are more difficult to fix than usual ceramic wall tiles but these glass tiles can
create an amazing energizing effect and give unlimited creative freedom.

Glass Mosaic Finish

⚫ Glass mosaic tiles are small 1”x1” on a cloth to get

a workable size 12”x12” and this tile with an adhesive
on wall surfaces. It can also be pasted on curved
surfaces.

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 EXTERNAL FINISHES

- An exterior finish is a type of material that covers a house or building. It is a outer covering
that protects the structure of a building against the outside elements.

TYPES OF EXTERNAL FINISHES

⚫ Log Siding
⚫ Asbestos
⚫ Metal
⚫ Asphalt Shingles
⚫ Wood Shingle
⚫ Brick Cedar
⚫ Stone
⚫ Composite
⚫ Stucco
⚫ Concrete
⚫ Vinyl
⚫ Fiber Cement Siding
⚫ Wood
⚫ Log

IMPORTANCE

The thing that keeps your home’s and building’s walls protected from wind and rain
is an exterior finishing material. Without it, your home would likely fall apart in a few years.
Exterior finishes also add insulation values to the outside walls of your home.

FIBER-CEMENT SIDING

- Fiber cement siding is a building material used to cover the exterior of a building in both
commercial and domestic applications. Fiber cement is a composite material made of sand,
cement and cellulose fibers.

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WHAT`S IN FIBRE CEMENT?

FIBRE-CEMENT SIDING USES

⚫ Resistant to external influence such as ultraviolet rays, salt spray, rain and heat, they are
also impenetrable by birds or insects.

⚫ Used not only as cladding but is also commonly used as a soffit / eave lining and as a
tile underlay on decks and in bathrooms.

⚫ It can also be utilized as a substitute for timber fascias and bargeboards in high fire areas.

PROPERTIES OF FIBRE-CEMENT SIDING

⚫ They are either water resistant or waterproof .

⚫ They are more resistant to mold and mildew and do not breakdown as a result of the
constant moisture.

⚫ They look like wood but are cheaper and more durable.

⚫ They are immune to temperature changes and impact, and they require minimal
maintenance ž More durable than other exterior finishes such as vinyl siding , wood
siding.

⚫ More economical than stucco , brick , stone.

⚫ Recommended in all climates, but is ideal for hot, humid regions.

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 ⚫ Fiber-cement siding does not expand and contract as much as wood siding and provide
a smooth surface.

PROS AND CONS OF FIBRE- CEMENT SIDING PROS CONS PROS

⚫ Can Look Indistinguishable From Wood

⚫ Cost Effective Alternative To Wood

⚫ Provides Superior Resistance And Stability

⚫ Moisture And Pest Resistant

⚫ Requires Little To No Maintenance

⚫ Can Become Part of A Super Energy Efficient Structure

⚫ Holds Paint Very Well

⚫ Available In A Variety of Sizes

⚫ Normally Provides Class 1A Fire Safety Rating

⚫ 50-Year Average Warranty

CONS

⚫ Requires Two People To Install

⚫ Requires Specific Tools To Cut

⚫ You Will Have To Paint Within 90 Days

⚫ Higher Installation and Handling Costs

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HOW TO INSTALL FIBRE-CEMENT SIDING?

⚫ Nailing up fiber cement siding on an exterior wall

FIBRE-CEMENT SIDING STANDARD NAILING

- In most installations, horizontal fiber-cement siding

is nailed top and bottom into each stud, with the lower
exposed nail going through both layers of siding Butt
joints should lie over studs. This is the most durable
installation.

- In this siding nailing technique, the fasteners are hidden

just above the lap line of the overlapping plank and put a
slight curve in the siding, pulling it tight to the wall.
Roofing nails work well because of their large heads

DURABILITY

⚫ To deterioration from salt and ultra Fiber-cement siding is low- maintenance, impact-
resistant, and available in finished or painted options. Most companies warranty their
product for 50-years, which is proof of its durability.

⚫ A choice in siding which will not rot, sustain insect damage, or fade which makes it a firm
investment, is impervious to wood-boring insects, and is resistant violet rays.

AVALIBILITY

⚫ Available in many different styles with varying textures and colors.

⚫ Available in different shapes and patterns

⚫ Widely available

⚫ Color-matched galvanized nails are available for the exposed nails on prefinished
sidings.

ENERGY EFFICIENT

⚫ Fiber-cement is enjoying greater popularity among the people , they are looking this
product for green building product , fiber cement has forest-saving properties and
environmentally friendly qualities CertainTeed takes the wood fiber needed for its fiber-
cement siding from a sustainably managed forest. They also use fly ash (a byproduct of
coal- burning) to replace the sand and silica, thereby adding post- industrial recycling to
its list of attributes.

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COST FIBRE-CEMENT SIDING

MATERIAL COSTS

1) The price for fiber cement siding will vary depending on thickness of the panels – from
7/16 of an inch to one inch and the finish and styling chosen.

2) Fiber cement siding is sold in panels and traditional clapboards. Clapboards range from
4 inches to 12 inches wide. A standard length is 12 feet.

3) Expect to pay from $150 per square (100 square feet) to $300 per square in material costs.

GLASS

⚫ Glass has become one of the world’s most important building materials, not only through
its natural transparency and its unique aesthetics, but also due to its fascinating diversity.
⚫ Commonly used for: doors & entries, partition walls, windows, shower enclosures,
elevators, glass beams, glass blocks, floors, etc

TIMBER and LOGS

⚫ It is hard, strong ang has good insulation properties

⚫ Wood is naturally very durable and can even last for thousand of years if not attacked by
living things
⚫ Commonly used for : furniture, walls, floors, abstract designs, wood panels, doors & stair
case,

SLATE

⚫ Slate is particularly suitable as a roofing material due to its extremely low water
absorption. It has high resistance against fire and frost damage, requires low
maintenance and energy efficient.

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STUCCO

⚫ Is a material made of an aggregate, a binder and water. Applied wet and hardens to a
very dense solid.

⚫ Used as decorative coating for walls and ceiling, for sculptures and artistic architectural
material.

REFERENCES

http://gimme-shelter.com/term-2/exterior- finishing-materials-50051/

http://www.roofingcalc.com/category/fiber- cement-siding/

http://www.doityourself.com/stry/3-uses-for- fiber-cement-board

http://nlcatp.org/14-vital-pros-and-cons-of-fiber- cement-siding/

http://www.motherearthnews.com/green- homes/fiber-cement-siding-
zmaz09jjzraw.aspx?PageId=2

https://www.slideshare.net/nithinambassery/building-finishesarchitecturebuilding-materials-and-
construction/2

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