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E
-- Chapter 10: Muscular System (2023) 33 pts.

Matching

Match each muscle with its function or description.

' a. sternocleidomastoid
" b. frontalis
"'c. trapezius
7
'd. external intercostals
e. internal intercostals
'f. rectus abdorninis
g. transverse abdominal
'h. deltoid
' i. pectoralis major
= '- j. latissimus dorsi
'k. brachialis
"I. triceps brachii
m. brachioradialis
n. quadriceps femoris
~ o. sartorius
' p. iliopsoas
~ q. gastrocnernius

1. Abducts, flexes, and rotates the arm

=
~ 2. Adducts the humerus and extends the upper arm backward, such as when climbing or swimming
= _L_ 3. Raises and lowers the shoulders
0 4. The longest muscle in the body; aids inflexion of the hip and knee
_l__ 5. Elevate the ribs during inspiration

l 6. Flexes the lumbar region of the spinal cord to cause bending over at the waist
I 7. The prime mover when extending the foreann
_9_ 8. One of the bulging muscles of the calf
0v 9. Flexes the head
\( , 10. The prime mover when flexing the forearm

_h_ 11. Raises the eyebrows when glancing upward

i 12. Flexes and adducts the upper arm, such as when climbing or hugging

-f:- 13. Flexes the thigh

_b_ 14. The most powerful muscle in the body
 .
Multiple Choice the statement or answers the questwn.
Identify the choice that best completes
correctly describes skeletal muscle?
tJv 15. Which of the foUowing
a. It is known as voluntary mus
cle.
s that fit together at intercalated discs.
b. It consists of short. branching fiber
C. It is found in the digestive
tract, blood vessels, and airways.
appear striped when examined under a
d. It is called nonstriated because it does not
microscope.
(}v 16. What is the delicate connective tissue that covers each
muscle fiber?
a. Endomysium
b. Epimysium
C. Perimysium
d. Periosteum
_h_ 17. What are fascicles?
a. Muscle cells
b. Groups of muscle fibers
C. Types of tendons
d. Neurons that innervate muscles
_k_ 18. What is the name of the connective tissue that surro
unds the muscle as a whole?
a. Endomysium
b. Epimysium
C. Perimysium
d. Periosteum
C 19. How does muscle attach to muscle?
the fibers of the other muscle.
a. Muscle fibers of one muscle merge with
and merges with the epimysium of the other
b. The epimysium extends past the muscle
muscle. that fuses with
11
C. The epimysium extends past
the muscle as a flat sheet of connective tissue
1J the covering of the other muscle.
it only attaches to bone.
d. Muscle does not attach to muscle;
,◄
d 20. What is an aponeurosis?
muscle to bone
a. A strong, fibrous cord that attaches
,
~
., b. Connective tissue that cove rs
c. Connective tissue that surrounds
each

d. A flat, broad tendon that attaches

mus
the
cle fiber
muscle outside the epimysium
muscle to another muscle
~I
(µ
21. What are myofibrils?
,, sarcoplasm and store glycogen
a. Long protein bundles that fill the
muscle fiber
b. The membrane surrounding each
C. Tubules that allow elec
trical impulses to travel into the muscle cell
d. Another name for muscle cells
chief function of T tubules?
~ 22. What is the lses to travel deep into the cell.
a. They allow electrical impu
ions necessary for muscle contraction.
b. They store the calcium
ents necessary for muscle contraction.
c. They contain myofilam
oxygen.
d. They store glycogen and

t
C 23_
What are the units of tract· .
a. Myofilaments con ton m a muscle caJled?
b. Z lines
c · Sarcomeres
d. Sarcolemmas
0v 24.
According to the sliding-fil .
a. The myosin heads ro arnent m~el of contraction, how does muscle contraction occur?
th
pulls the z disks cl~ pel e actm ~yofilaments toward the center of the sarcomere; this
b. The actin heads p selrthtogether, which shortens the sarcomere and the entire muscle.
rope e myosin filaments toward the center of the sarcomere·• this pulls
the Z d.1sks c1osert th h.
Th . oge er, w tch shortens the sarcomere and the entire muscle.
c. s
e myo m heads propel the actin myofilaments toward the center of the sarcomere This
causes the myofilaments to shorten, which pulls the Z disks closer together to shorte.n the
sarcomere and the entire muscle.
d. Both th~ actin and myosin myofilaments shorten, which shrinks the sarcomere and pulls
the Z disks closer together. As the Z disks move closer together, the muscle contracts.

C. 25. Besides ATP, muscle contraction requires

a. sodium.
b. potassium.
c. calcium.
d. tropomyosin and troponin.

26. Which statement correctly describes the sequence of events in muscle contraction?
a. An impulse triggers the release of acetylcholine (ACh), which diffuses across the synaptic
cleft to stimulate the sarcolemma to release ATP. The ATP triggers the actin and myosin
filaments to shorten, and muscle contraction occurs.
b. An impulse triggers the release of acetylcholinesterase into the synaptic cleft. This causes
calcium ions to be pumped into the T tubules. The calcium allows the myosin heads to
latch on to the actin filaments and muscle contraction occurs.
c. An impulse triggers the release of acetylcholine (ACh), which diffuses across the synaptic
cleft to stimulate the T tubules to release calcium. The calcium binds with troponin on the
actin filaments, which permits the myosin heads to latch on and muscle contraction occurs.
d. An impulse triggers the release of acetylcholine (ACh). This stimulates the sarcolemma,
which sends an impulse to the actin and myosin filaments. The myosin heads then latch on
to the actin filaments, pulling the Z disks closer together, and muscle contraction occurs.

0 27. In the disease myasthenia gravis, the body produces antibodies against receptors for acetylcholine (ACh). As
a result, not all ACh can find a receptor. Based on your knowledge of how muscle contraction occurs, what
key symptoms would you expect to see and why?
a. Paralysis, because all ACh must be bound to a receptor for contraction to occur
b. Tetany, because the muscle will fire excessively as the ACh attempts to find a receptor
c. Weakness, because not all of the AChs will find a receptor, resulting in poor nerve
transmission
d. Muscle spasms, because the ACh remaining in the synaptic cleft will irritate the receiving
nerve
 28. Which factor influences the
strength with which a muscle fibe
a. The amount of acetylcholine r contracts?
released into the synaptic cleft
b. The amount of calcium release
d
c. The length of the muscle fibe
r before the contraction begins
d. The size of the muscle fiber
_sL 29. If impulses
reach a muscle fiber so rapidly tha
· uIse am·ves · n w1-11 occur? t fibers don't have a chance to relax completely be~ th
1mp , what cond"1t1o
a. Twitch 1ore e next
b. Treppe
c. Incomplete tetanus
d. Complete tetanus
C, 30. Most skeletal muscles rem
ain in a state of
a. relaxation .
b. treppe.
c. incomplete tetanus.
d. complete tetanus.

_L__ 31 . How do the muscles of a sprinte

r run
a. The aerobic respiration of fatt ning the 400-yard dash in 50 seconds receive most of their energy
y acids ?
b. The breakdown of creatine
phosphate
c. The anaerobic respiration of
glucose
d. The aerobic respiration of glu
cose
I b 32. How do muscles obtain the
ir energy after about 10 minutes of
I have over other methods? moderate exercise, and what benefit
does it
a. Muscles obtain their energy
by metabolizing fatty acids; this is
I acids are plentiful. beneficial because fatty
b. Muscles obtain their energy
through anaerobic respiration of gluc
because anaerobic respiration can ose; this is beneficial
generate energy quickly.
c. Muscles obtain their energy
through aerobic respiration of gluc
produces more ATP than anaero ose; this is useful because it
bic respiration.
d. Muscles obtain their energy
by breaking down ATP; this is use
phosphate is plentiful. ful because creatine

C 33. When extending the forearm

a. the triceps brachii is the prim . . . .
e mover, and the br_ac~1~hs 1s th~
b. the triceps brachii is the syn synerg1st.
ergist, and the brach1ahs_ 1s_th_e pnm
c. the triceps brachii is the prim e move~.
e mover, and the bra~h~al_1s 1s the
d. the triceps brachii is the ant _antagomst.
agonist , and the brachtahs 1s the
pnme mover.