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    Course: ELEC ENG 3110 Electric Power Systems ELEC ENG 7074 Power Systems PG (Semester 2, 2022)

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    Jabin Xing

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    Course: ELEC ENG 3110 Electric Power Systems ELEC ENG 7074 Power Systems PG (Semester 2, 2022)

    Uploaded by

    Jabin Xing
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    99 views25 pages

    Course: ELEC ENG 3110 Electric Power Systems ELEC ENG 7074 Power Systems PG (Semester 2, 2022)

    Uploaded by

    Jabin Xing

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Course:

    ELEC ENG 3110 Electric Power Systems


    ELEC ENG 7074 Power Systems PG
    (Semester 2, 2022)

    Powerflow Analysis (Part 2)


    Lecturer and Co-ordinator: David Vowles
    david.vowles@adelaide.edu.au
    Nodal power and reactive power injections (1)

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 2


    Nodal power and reactive power injections (2)

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 3


    Nodal power and reactive power injections (3)

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 4


    Nodal power and reactive power constraints (1)

    NOTE: A load PL + jQL specified in accordance


    with the load convention must be negated to
    become a power injection. That is, Pis = -PL
    and Qis = -QL.

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 5


    Nodal power and reactive power constraints (2)

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 6


    Ordering of network nodes for computational convenience (1)

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 7


    Ordering of network nodes for computational convenience (2)

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 8


    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2018: 9
    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 10
    NOTE: The power and reactive power output (P, Q) of the slack bus and the reactive power
    outputs (Q) of the PV buses are computed once the above power-flow equations are
    solved using the equations for P & Q on slide 11.

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 11


    Overview of the power-flow solution
    • Wide range of solution methods.
    • Two complementary methods are:
    • Gauss-Seidel Method.
    • Converges slowly especially for large systems
    • Tolerant of poor initial guesses
    • Useful in obtaining an initial estimate near actual solution for other fast converging algorithms
    • Newton-Raphson (NR) based methods
    • Quadratic convergence rate providing initial estimate is close to actual solution
    • Variants of the NR method based on properties of transmission networks
    • Such as decoupling between voltage and angle (Fast-Decoupled)
    • Avoid updating the Jacobian matrix at each iteration
    • We will review the basic NR method
    • Sophisticated power-flow tools provide an extensive range of facilities:
    • Automatic area interchange controls
    • Automatic transformer tap-change controls
    • Optimal power flow solver (economic dispatch, loss minimization)
    • PV and QV analysis
    • Automated contingency analysis
    • Sophisticated data base facilities and graphical displays

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022:12


    Power flow equations of simple example (1)

    PQ
    PV
    SLACK (PA)
    PQ

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 13


    Power flow equations of simple example (2)

    Write power equations for PV and


    PQ buses only. Omit power
    equation for slack bus. Thus, three
    power equations.

    Write reactive power equations


    for PQ buses only. Thus, two
    reactive power equations.

    Highly non-linear equations

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 14


    Power flow equations of simple example (3)
    Substitute numerical values for
    conductance (Gik) and
    susceptance (Bik) terms from the
    network admittance matrix.

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 15


    Introduction to Newton-Raphson Method – Single Variable (1)

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 16


    Introduction to Newton-Raphson Method – Single Variable (2)

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 17


    Introduction to Newton-Raphson Method – Single Variable (3)

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 18


    Introduction to Newton-Raphson Method – Single Variable (4)

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 19


    Summary of the Newton-Raphson Method – Multi Variable (1)

    • Consider a system on n nonlinear equations in n


    unknowns

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 20


    Summary of the Newton-Raphson Method – Multi Variable (2)

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 21


    Summary of the Newton-Raphson Method – Multi Variable (3)

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 22


    Summary of the Newton-Raphson Method – Multi Variable (4)

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 23


    Summary of the Newton-Raphson Method – Multi Variable (5)

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 24


    Newton-Raphson Algorithm (General)

    6/10/2022 © The University of Adelaide PS2022: 25

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