CITY OF MALABON UNIVERSITY

Maya-maya cor. Pampano St., Longos Malabon City

(Telephone Nos. 374-57-72/376-00-64)
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

Course Title: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Course Credit: (3) units

Course Code: GEN 124 Contact Week: (18) weeks
Semester/A.Y.: 2022-23 Contact Hours: (3) hours per week/54 hours per semester
Course Prerequisite: NONE Class Schedule Day Time Room
Professor: KIM DARREN D. VIDAL
C O U R S E D E S C R I P T I O N
Vision: Vision:
College of Arts Sciences envisions to build a
Environmental Science is the study of interrelationships between human activities and
socially responsive community of analytical A leading university that is committed for the
thinkers and value driven professionals
the environment. It includes the integration of different areas in science such as biology,
chemistry, geology, and physics as a tool to explain and study the past and current advancement of human lives and global
encompassing the arts, social sciences, and competitiveness through academic excellence,
humanities to rise above the present environmental issues and problems. Thus, it employs the scientific method as its
principal framework, and applies whichever science is needed to the study of the research and community linkages
society’s challenges in the service of the
Filipinos. environment. Environmental science also recognizes the critical role of human society in
the environment; hence it lays the groundwork for the effective management of the Mission:
Mission: environment.
CMU aims to provide transformative and globally
College of Arts and Sciences of the City of C O U R S E O B J E C T I V E S competitive higher education, holistic formation,
Malabon University aims to serve as the research and innovation, excellent delivery of
center of education in imparting services and sustainable community extension
At the completion of the course, students and learners are expected to be able to:
interdisciplinary knowledge and character and linkages
1. When you have finished this course, you will be able to:
formation to improve the quality of life of 2. explain the basic chemistry, biology, geology and physics behind environmental issues;
every Filipino. Objectives:
3. explain the interactions between humans and other organisms within environmental issues
4. describe how we can affect environmental issues in the future: and
1. To provide professional instruction and
Objectives: training
5. develop awareness, knowledge, and concern of the environment.
Trustworthy in the delivery of service, in the liberal arts, sciences and technology
Responsible and committed leadership in the including information technology.
preparation of good citizens and public S IG N A T O R IE S 2. To promote applied research, advance studies
servants, and progressive leadership in the stated
Unparalleled Commitment to achieving Recommending Approval: APPROVED:
fields.
excellence. 3. To introduce curricular studies which will
Technology-based communication channels promote globally competitive professionals,
for effective and efficient market ideas, Dr. LUCILA B. BONDOC GLEN DV. DE LEON, Ph.D., CPA managers, instructors, entrepreneurs and
Humanity as its top priority in the Dean, College of Arts and Sciences Vice President for Academic Affairs leaders.
performance of duties and responsibilities
4. To offer other programs in the social, cultural
for the Filipino nation and family.
and technological fields.

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 MIDTERM COVERAGE FINAL TERM COVERAGE

WEEK 1- COURSE OVERVIEW AND CLASS ORIENTATION WEEK 10 - ENERGY SOURCES & ISSUES

WEEK 2 – ENVIRONMENTAL INTERRELATIONSHIPS WEEK 11 – AIR-QUALITY ISSUES

WEEK 3 - BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLE WEEK 12 – SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT & DISPOSAL

WEEK 4 – INTERACTIONS: ENVIRONMENTS AND WEEK 13 – LAND-USE PLANNING

ORGANISMS
WEEK 14 – AGRICULTURE METHODS AND PEST
COURSE OUTLINE
WEEK 5 - KINDS OF ECOSYSTEMS AND COMMUNITIES MANAGEMENT

WEEK 6 – TERRESTRIAL BIODIVERSITY ISSUES WEEK 15 – WATER MANAGEMENT

WEEK 7 - AQUATIC/MARINE BIODIVERSITY ISSUES WEEK 16 – ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS: HAZARDOUS

SUBSTANCES AND WASTES
WEEK 8 – AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT 1
WEEK 17 – AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT 2
WEEK 9 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION
WEEK 18 – FINAL EXAMINATION

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 TEACHING-
TIME TABLE DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES TOPICS LEARNING ACTIVITIES & ASSESSMENT
RESOURCES

WEEK 1 COURSE OVERVIEW AND CLASS ORIENTATION

WEEK 2 ● Understand why environmental ENVIRONMENTAL INTERRELATIONSHIPS ● Lecture ● Quiz

problems are complex and interrelated. ● Discussion ● Graded Recitation
● Realize that environmental problems ● Recitation ● Reaction paper
involve social, ethical, political, and ● Question and Answer
economic issues, not just scientific ● Case
issues. ● Situations / Analysis
● Understand that acceptable solutions to
environmental problems often are not
easy to achieve.
● Understand that all organisms have an
impact on their surroundings.
● Understand what is meant by an
ecosystem approach to environmental
problem solving.
● Recognize that different geographic
regions have somewhat different
environmental problems, but the
process for resolving them is often the
same and involves compromise.
WEEK 3 ● Demonstrate the processes of the BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLE ● Online Discussion Forum ● Quiz
different global biogeochemical cycles. ● Carbon cycle (ODF) ● Graded recitation
● Illustrate the processes as well. ● Oxygen cycle ● Individualized or Group ● Submission of the Narrative
● Nitrogen cycle Activity Report of the ODF (including the
● Phosphorus cycle ppt/canva)
● Gamified activity
● Sulfur cycle
● Case study
● Water cycle

WEEK 4 ● Identify and list abiotic and biotic INTERACTIONS: ENVIRONMENTS AND ● Online Discussion Forum ● Quiz
factors in an ecosystem. ORGANISMS (ODF) ● Graded recitation
● Define a niche. ● Ecological Concepts ● Individualized or Group ● Submission of the Narrative
● Describe the process of natural selection ● The Role of Natural Selection and Evolution Activity Report of the ODF (including the
as it operates to refine the fit among ● Kinds of Organism Interactions ppt/canva)
● Gamified activity
organisms, habitat, and niche. ● Community and Ecosystem Interactions ● Research paper

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 ● Describe predator-prey, parasite-host,
competitive, mutualistic, and
commensalistic relationships.
● Differentiate between a community and
an ecosystem.
● Define the roles of producer, herbivore,
carnivore, omnivore, scavenger,
parasite, and decomposer.
● Describe energy flow through an
ecosystem.
● Relate the concepts of food webs and
food chains to trophic levels.
● Explain the cycling of nutrients such as
nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus
through an ecosystem.
WEEK 5 ● Recognize the difference between KINDS OF ECOSYSTEMS AND COMMUNITIES ● Online Discussion Forum ● Quiz
primary and secondary succession. ● Succession (ODF) ● Graded recitation
● Describe the process of succession from ● Biomes Are Determined by Climate ● Individualized or Group ● Submission of the Narrative
pioneer to climax community in both ● Major Biomes of the World Activity Report of the ODF (including the
terrestrial and aquatic situations. ● Major Aquatic Ecosystems ppt/canva)
● Film Viewing
● Associate typical plants and animals ● Case study/ field visit
with the various terrestrial biomes.
● Recognize the physical environmental
factors that determine the kind of
climax community that will develop.
● Differentiate the forest biomes that
develop based on temperature and
rainfall.
● Describe the various kinds of aquatic
ecosystems and the factors that
determine their characteristics.
WEEK 6 ● Provide a comprehensive report on the TERRESTRIAL BIODIVERSITY ISSUES ● Online Discussion Forum ● Quiz
current status of the Philippines’ ● The current state of the country's (ODF) ● Graded recitation
terrestrial biodiversity. terrestrial biodiversity ● Individualized or Group ● Submission of the Narrative
● Cite eventualities that endanger and/or ● Threats, Opportunities and Preservation Activity Report of the ODF (including the
improve the terrestrial biodiversity of ● Policies and Regulations ppt/canva)
the country. ● Documentary Viewing
● Suggests possible policies or regulations ● Field visit
that could possibly preserve the
terrestrial biodiversity of the country.
WEEK 7 ● Provide a comprehensive report on the AQUATIC/MARINE BIODIVERSITY ISSUES ● Online Discussion Forum ● Quiz
current status of the Philippines’ ● The current state of the country's (ODF) ● Graded recitation
aquatic/marine biodiversity. aquatic/marine biodiversity ● Individualized or Group ● Submission of the Narrative
● Cite eventualities that endanger and/or ● Threats, Opportunities and Preservation Activity Report of the ODF (including the
improve the aquatic/marine biodiversity ● Policies and Regulations ppt/canva)
of the country. ● Documentary Viewing

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 ● Suggests possible policies or regulations ● Field visit
that could possibly preserve the
aquatic/marine biodiversity of the
country.
WEEK 8
AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT 1

WEEK 9
MIDTERM EXAMINATION

WEEK 10 ● Differentiate between resources and ENERGY SOURCES & ISSUES ● Online Discussion Forum ● Quiz
reserves. ● Energy Sources (ODF) ● Graded recitation
● Identify peat, lignite, bituminous coal, ● Resources and Reserves ● Individualized or Group ● Submission of the Narrative
and anthracite coal as steps in the ● Fossil-Fuel Formation Activity Report of the ODF (including the
process of coal formation. ● Coal ppt/canva)
● Recognize that natural gas and oil are ● Documentary Viewing
● Oil and Natural Gas
formed from ancient marine deposits. ● Issues Related to the Use of Fossil Fuels
● Explain how various methods of coal ● Coal Use
mining can have negative environmental ● Oil Use
impacts. ● Natural Gas Use
● Explain why surface mining of coal is ● Renewable Sources of Energy
used in some areas and underground ● Biomass Conversion
mining in other areas. ● Hydroelectric Power
● Explain why it is more expensive to find ● Solar Energy
and produce oil today than it was in the ● Wind Energy
past. ● Geothermal Energy
● Recognize that secondary recovery ● Tidal Power
methods have been developed to ● Energy Conservation
increase the proportion of oil and ● Are Fuel Cells in the Future?
natural gas obtained from deposits.
● Recognize that transport of natural gas
is still a problem in some areas of the
world.
● Explain why the amount of energy
supplied by hydroelectric power is
limited.
● Describe how wind, geothermal, and
tidal energy are used to produce
electricity.
● Recognize that wind, geothermal, and
tidal energy can be developed only in
areas with the proper geologic or
geological features.
● Describe the use of solar energy in
passive heating systems, active heating

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 systems, and the generation of
electricity.
● Recognize that fuelwood is a major
source of energy in many parts of the
less-developed world and that fuelwood
shortages are common.
● Describe the potential and limitations of
biomass conversion and waste
incineration as sources of energy.
● Recognize that energy conservation can
significantly reduce our need for
additional energy sources.
WEEK 11 ● Recognize that air can accept and AIR-QUALITY ISSUES ● Online Discussion Forum ● Quiz
disperse significant amounts of ● The Atmosphere (ODF) ● Graded recitation
pollutants. ● Pollution of the Atmosphere ● Individualized or Group ● Submission of the Narrative
● List the major sources and effects of the ● Categories of Air Pollutants Activity Report of the ODF (including the
six criteria air pollutants. ● Control of Air Pollution ppt/canva)
● Describe how photochemical smog is ● Documentary Viewing
● Acid Deposition
formed and how it affects humans. ● Ozone Depletion ● Experiment
● Explain how acid rain is formed. ● Global Warming and Climate Change
● Understand that human activities can ● Addressing Climate Change
alter the atmosphere in such a way that ● Indoor Air Pollution
they can change climate. ● Noise Pollution
● Describe the kinds of changes that could
occur as a result of global warming.
● Describe the link between
chlorofluorocarbon use and ozone
depletion.
● Recognize that there are many positive
actions that have improved air quality.
● Recognize that enclosed areas can trap
air pollutants that are normally diluted
in the atmosphere.
WEEK 12 ● Explain why solid waste is a problem SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT & DISPOSAL ● Online Discussion Forum ● Quiz
throughout the world. ● Kinds of Solid Waste (ODF) ● Graded recitation
● Understand that the management of ● Municipal Solid Waste ● Individualized or Group ● Submission of the Narrative
municipal solid waste is directly affected ● Methods of Waste Disposal Activity Report of the ODF (including the
by economics, changes in technology, ppt/canva)
and citizen awareness and involvement. ● Documentary Viewing
● Describe the various methods of waste ● Household experiment
disposal and the problems associated
with each method.
● Understand the difficulties in developing
new municipal landfills.
● Define the problems associated with
incineration as a method of waste
disposal.
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 ● Describe some methods of source
reduction.
● Describe composting and how it fits into
solid waste disposal.
● List some benefits and drawbacks of
recycling.
WEEK 13 ● Explain why most major cities are LAND-USE PLANNING ● Online Discussion Forum ● Quiz
located on rivers, lakes, or the ocean. ● The Need for Planning (ODF) ● Graded recitation
● Describe the forces that result in ● Historical Forces That Shaped Land Use ● Individualized or Group ● Submission of the Narrative
farmland adjacent to cities being ● Migration from the Central City to the Activity Report of the ODF (including the
converted to urban uses. Suburbs ppt/canva)
● Explain why floodplains and wetlands ● Documentary Viewing
● Factors That Contribute to Sprawl
are often mismanaged. ● Problems Associated with Unplanned Urban ● Urban planning activity
● Describe the economic and social values Growth
involved in planning for outdoor ● Land-Use Planning Principles
recreation opportunities. ● Mechanisms for Implementing Land-Use
● Explain why some land must be Plans
designated for particular recreational ● Special Urban Planning Issues
uses, such as wilderness areas, and why
that decision sometimes invites
disagreement from those who do not
wish to use the land in the designated
way.
● List the steps in the development and
implementation of a land-use plan.
● Describe methods of enforcing
compliance with land-use plans.
● Describe the advantages and
disadvantages of both local and regional
land-use planning.
● Describe the concept of smart growth.
WEEK 14 ● Explain how mechanization encouraged AGRICULTURE METHODS AND PEST ● Online Discussion Forum ● Quiz
monoculture farming. MANAGEMENT (ODF) ● Graded recitation
● List the advantages and disadvantages ● The Development of Agriculture ● Individualized or Group ● Submission of the Narrative
of monoculture farming. ● Shifting Agriculture Activity Report of the ODF (including the
● Explain why chemical fertilizers are ● Labor-Intensive Agriculture ppt/canva)
used. ● Documentary Viewing
● Mechanized Agriculture
● Understand how fertilizers alter soil ● Fossil Fuel Versus Muscle Power ● Field visit
characteristics. ● The Impact of Fertilizer
● Explain why modern agriculture makes ● Agricultural Chemical Use
extensive use of pesticides. ● Insecticides
● Differentiate between persistent ● Herbicides
pesticides and nonpersistent pesticides. ● Fungicides and Rodenticides
● List four problems associated with ● Other Agricultural Chemicals
pesticide use. ● Problems with Pesticide Use
● Define biomagnification. ● Persistence
● Define organic farming. ● Bioaccumulation and Biomagnification
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 ● Explain why integrated pest ● Pesticide Resistance
management depends on a complete ● Effects on Nontarget Organisms
knowledge of the pest’s life history. ● Human Health Concerns
● Recognize that genetically modified ● Why Are Pesticides So Widely Used?
crops are created by using ● Alternatives to Conventional Agriculture
biotechnological techniques to insert ● Sustainable Agriculture
genes from one species into another. ● Techniques for Protecting Soil and Water
Resources
● Integrated Pest Management
● Genetically Modified Crops
WEEK 15 ● Explain how water is cycled through the WATER MANAGEMENT ● Online Discussion Forum ● Quiz
hydrologic cycle. ● The Water Issue (ODF) ● Graded recitation
● Explain the significance of groundwater, ● The Hydrologic Cycle ● Individualized or Group ● Submission of the Narrative
aquifers, and runoff. ● Human Influences on the Hydrologic Cycle Activity Report of the ODF (including the
● Explain how land use affects infiltration ● Kinds of Water Use ppt/canva)
and surface runoff. ● Documentary Viewing
● Kinds and Sources of Water Pollution
● List the various kinds of water use and ● Water-Use Planning Issues ● Experiment on water
the problems associated with each. quality
● List the problems associated with water
impoundment.
● List the major sources of water
pollution.
● Define biochemical oxygen demand
(BOD).
● Differentiate between point and
nonpoint sources of pollution.
● Explain how heat can be a form of
pollution.
● Differentiate among primary, secondary,
and tertiary sewage treatments.
● Describe some of the problems
associated with stormwater runoff.
● List sources of groundwater pollution.
● Explain how various federal laws control
water use and prevent misuse.
● List the problems associated with
water-use planning.
● Explain the rationale behind the federal
laws that attempt to preserve certain
water areas and habitats.
● List the problems associated with
groundwater mining.
● Explain the problem of salinization
associated with large-scale irrigation in
arid areas.
● List the water-related services provided
by local governments.

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 WEEK 16 ● Distinguish between hazardous ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS: ● Online Discussion Forum ● Quiz
substances and hazardous wastes. HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND WASTES (ODF) ● Graded recitation
● Distinguish between hazardous and ● Hazardous and Toxic Materials in Our ● Individualized or Group ● Submission of the Narrative
toxic substances. Environment Activity Report of the ODF (including the
● Describe the four characteristics used to ● Hazardous and Toxic Substances—Some ppt/canva)
identify hazardous substances. ● Documentary Viewing
Definitions
● Describe the kinds of environmental ● Defining Hazardous Waste ● Case study
problems caused by hazardous and ● Determining Regulations
toxic substances. ● Identification of Hazardous and Toxic
● Understand the difference between Materials
persistent and nonpersistent pollutants. ● Setting Exposure Limits
● Describe the difference between chronic ● Acute and Chronic Toxicity
and acute exposures to hazardous ● Synergism
wastes. ● Persistent and Nonpersistent Pollutants
● Describe why hazardous-waste dump ● Environmental Problems Caused by
sites developed. Hazardous Wastes
● Describe how hazardous wastjes are ● Health Risks Associated with Hazardous
managed, and list five technologies Wastes
used in their disposal. ● Hazardous-Waste Dumps—A Legacy of
● Describe the importance of source Abuse
reduction with regard to hazardous ● Toxic Chemical Releases
wastes. ● Hazardous-Waste Management Choices
● Describe when and why an ● Reducing the Amount of Waste at the
Environmental Site Assessment would Source
be conducted. ● Recycling Wastes
● Describe the benefits from enacting the ● Treating Wastes
ISO 14000 Environmental Management ● Disposal Methods
System. ● International Trade in Hazardous Wastes
● Understand the difficulties associated ● Hazardous-Waste Management Program
with determining cleanup criteria for Evolution
hazardous substances/wastes.
WEEK 17
AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT 2

WEEK 18
FINAL EXAMINATION

Suggested Textbooks/Reference Materials:

1. Enger, E. D., & Smith, B. S. (2010). Environmental Science: A Study of Interrelationships. New York City, New York State, USA: McGraw-Hill.
2. Lee, Sergio J and Añes, Myrna L. Lecture Notes in Environmental Science: The Economy of Nature and Ecology of Man
3. Catchillar, Gerry C. (2008). Fundamentals of Environmental Science. Mandaluyong City, Philippines: National Book Store.
4. Austria, Z.M and Perez, T.R. Environmental Science
5. Ordoñez II, J.A. (2003). Environmental Biology. Mandaluyong City, Philippines: National Book Store.

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Institutional Grading System
All colleges and the School of Graduate Studies shall observe the institutional grading system to ensure uniformity in giving our students numerical grades.
% Scale Rating Numerical Rating Remarks
98-100 1.00 Excellent
95-97 1.25 Excellent
92-94 1.50 Very Good
89-91 1.75 Very Good
86-88 2.00 Good
83-85 2.25 Good
80-82 2.50 Satisfactory
77-79 2.75 Satisfactory
75-76 3.00 Passed
Below 75 5.00 Failed
INC Incomplete
DO Dropped Officially
DU (5.00) Dropped Unofficially

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