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    RADAR Module1

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    Akhil Raju
    RADAR stands for Radio Detection And Ranging. It works by radiating electromagnetic waves and studying the echo reflected back from targets. Detection refers to identifying if a target is present, and ranging refers to measuring the distance to the target. RADAR has many applications including air traffic control, ship safety, military uses, climate prediction, and traffic monitoring. Key components of a RADAR system include a transmitter, antenna, receiver and detector. Performance is affected by factors like transmitter power, antenna size, wavelength, target properties, and receiver noise.

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    RADAR Module1

    Uploaded by

    Akhil Raju
    11 views20 pages
    RADAR stands for Radio Detection And Ranging. It works by radiating electromagnetic waves and studying the echo reflected back from targets. Detection refers to identifying if a target is present, and ranging refers to measuring the distance to the target. RADAR has many applications including air traffic control, ship safety, military uses, climate prediction, and traffic monitoring. Key components of a RADAR system include a transmitter, antenna, receiver and detector. Performance is affected by factors like transmitter power, antenna size, wavelength, target properties, and receiver noise.

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    RADAR-Module1

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    RADAR stands for Radio Detection And Ranging. It works by radiating electromagnetic waves and studying the echo reflected back from targets. Detection refers to identifying if a target is present, and ranging refers to measuring the distance to the target. RADAR has many applications including air traffic control, ship safety, military uses, climate prediction, and traffic monitoring. Key components of a RADAR system include a transmitter, antenna, receiver and detector. Performance is affected by factors like transmitter power, antenna size, wavelength, target properties, and receiver noise.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    11 views20 pages

    RADAR Module1

    Uploaded by

    Akhil Raju
    RADAR stands for Radio Detection And Ranging. It works by radiating electromagnetic waves and studying the echo reflected back from targets. Detection refers to identifying if a target is present, and ranging refers to measuring the distance to the target. RADAR has many applications including air traffic control, ship safety, military uses, climate prediction, and traffic monitoring. Key components of a RADAR system include a transmitter, antenna, receiver and detector. Performance is affected by factors like transmitter power, antenna size, wavelength, target properties, and receiver noise.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    RADAR

    RADAR

    RADAR is an electromagnetic based detection system that works by radiating


    electromagnetic waves and then studying the echo or the reflected back waves.

    The full form of RADAR is RAdio Detection And Ranging.

     Detection refers to whether the target is present or not. The target can be
    stationary or movable, i.e., non-stationary.

    Ranging refers to the distance between the Radar and the target.
    Detection of reflected signal

    Measure the time taken for round-trip travel


    Applications of RADAR
    Radars can be used for various applications on ground, on sea
    and in space.

    •Controlling the Air Traffic


    •Ship safety
    •Sensing the remote places
    •Military applications
    •Climate prediction
    •Ground Traffic Control: RADAR can also be used by traffic police to
    determine speed of the vehicle
    •Space: To guide the space vehicle for safe landing on moon
    Simple block-diagram of RADAR
    Simple block-diagram of RADAR
    Range
     The distance between Radar and target is
    called Range of the target R.
     We know that Radar transmits a signal to the target and
    accordingly an echo signal reflect back to the Radar
     The electromagnetic wave travels with the speed of light,
    C.
     Let the time taken for the signal to travel from Radar to
    target and back to Radar be ‘T’.
     The two way distance between the Radar and target will
    be 2R, since the distance between the Radar and the
    target is R.
     Now, the following is the formula for Speed.
    Range
    RADAR Frequency range
    Derivation of Radar Range Equation

     The transmitted power from Antenna is

     Power density is the ratio of power and area. So, the power density, Pdi at a
    distance R from the Radar is
    The above power density is valid for an isotropic Antenna. In general, Radars
    −
    use directional Antennas. Therefore, the power density, Pdd due to directional
    Antenna will be

    Target radiates the power in different directions from the received input power.
    The amount of power, which is reflected back towards the Radar depends on
    its cross section. So, the power density Pde of echo signal at Radar can be
    mathematically represented as
    Radar Systems - Performance Factors

    The factors, which affect the performance of Radar are known as Radar
    performance factors.
    Radar Systems - Performance Factors
    Receiver Noise
    If the receiver generates a noise component into the signal, which is
    received at the receiver, then that kind of noise is known as receiver
    noise. The receiver noise is an unwanted component; we should try to
    eliminate it with some precautions.
    Thermal noise power

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