MAKALAH

NARRATIVE TEXT
D

OLEH :

MUHAMMAD REZAL

PENI JULIANI SYAM

IKHSAN FAUZAN

MUH ARIL SAPUTRA

AHMAD FARID

MUH.AKBAR

SMA NEGERI 13 BONE

TAHUN AJARAN 2022/2O23

 A.DEFINITION OF NARRATIVE TEXT

Narrative or in Indonesian it is called 'narration' is a word that has the meaning

of 'a series of events' or 'a series of events'. While text or 'text' has the meaning
of writing.

Narrative text (Narrative Text) is a text or story about a series of events that are
interconnected, which are presented sequentially from the beginning to the end
of the story either orally or in writing, and/or with pictures (moving) which are
also presented sequentially (chronologically).

Narrative is a fictional story that aims to entertain the reader. Of course, what is
called an imaginary story is not necessarily true because it could be just
imagination or a fictitious story made up by someone or a story made up by a
group of people whose truth has not been proven. For a more detailed
explanation, please read the following explanation.

Narrative text can also be called a story with complications or problems of

events and tries to find resolutions to find resolutions to solve problems.

B.PURPOSE OF NARRATIVE TEXT

The basic purpose of narrative text is to entertain and interest readers by

presenting stories or events that have problems that cause conflict

and at the end of the story there is a resolution or a happy or even sad ending.
Actually, narrative text is not only limited to stories that are mystical, fiction,
legend, fairy tales or fables, but other stories in the form of adventure, mystery
and all kinds of stories. In essence, narrative text is about stories. But in school
lessons, texts that are narrative genre are usually only used to show fictional
stories such as fairy tales or legends.
When viewed from its type, the narrative text that is often meant by teachers is
included in the Suggestive Narrative category, namely text whose purpose is for
the reader to gain wisdom

C. TYPES OF NARRATIVE TEXT

Narrative has several types that you need to understand. Here's an explanation.

1.Fable or fable

is a story about animals. For example, The Ugly Duckling, The Country of the
Mice, A Bear and A Rabbit, The Cat and The Rat, The Greedy Monkey, A Fox
and A Little Bird, The Mouse Deer and Crocodile and so on

2.Myth or myth

is a myth / myth story that develops in society and is generally considered a

factual story or actually happened. For example Aji Saka and Dewata Cengkar.

3.Legend or legend

is a story that tells about how the origin of a place. The Legend of Surabaya,
The Legend of Prambanan Temple, Story of Lake Toba.

4.Folktale/ folklore/ folklore

is a story passed down from generation to generation until it becomes part of

the community's tradition. For example Malin Kundang, Golden eggs.

5.Fairy tales or fables

is a folk or children's story that has magic in the story told by the author.
For example Timun Mas, Tinker Bell, Tumbelina.
 6.Love story or story of love / romance

is a story that tells (generally) the love struggle of the main character or
about the love story of the characters. For example, Romeo and Juliet, I'm One
of Those Fool Man.

7.Personal experience

is a narrative text that contains the author's personal experience.

8.Slices of life

is a story that contains activities or stories that occur in the daily life of
writers or imaginative figures. For example True friends.

9.Horror stories

is a type of narrative text that tells scary stories in general, such as ghosts or
other astral creatures.

10.Science fiction

is a story that tells about things related to science.

D. FEATURES OF NARRATIVE TEXT

1. Narrative text tells about stories that existed in the past.

2. Using nouns or nouns to replace the words animals, people, objects in the
story. For example the dwarfs, carriage and so on.
 3. Usually these are stories that are already widely known by people and
developed in society. Examples include The Rabbit and The Turtle, Malin
Kundang and so on.

4. Elements of narrative text consist of time setting, place, story theme,

characters, atmosphere, 5. conflict and resolution.

Arranged in a simple sequel or several complex sequels.

E. NARRATIVE TEXT STRUCTURE

1. Orientation : It is about the opening paragraph where the characters of the

story are introduced.

(contains character introduction, where and when the story takes place (who or
what, when and where)

2. Complication : Where the problems in the story are developed.

(problem appears/starts happening and growing)

3. Resolution : Where the problems in the story are solved.

(Problem solved, either "happy ending" or bad "bad ending")

4. Reorientation : Closing phrases that indicate the ending of the story

(closing expressions that indicate the end of a story. Re-orientation is optional or

not always present in narrative text)

5. Coda : changes that occur in the characters and lessons / moral values that
can be learned from the story.
 (changes that occur in the characters and lessons/moral values that can be
learned from the story. Coda is also optional)

F. THE RULES OF LANGUAGE NARRATIVE TEXT

1. In general, narrative text has linguistic elements as follows:Past tense

narrative texs

2. use past tense verbs (verb 2), for example went, ate, met, and others.

3. conjunction: using past times such as once upon a time, one day, etc)

4. is a time conjunction to sequence events, for example after, before, after that,
and others.

5. Action verbs: verbs that denote events or activities, for example stayed,
climbed, wrote, and others.

6. Noun: in general nouns are used as pronouns for animals or objects in a story,
for example stepmother, the dwarfs, carriage, and others.

Saying and thinking verb: verbs that show reporting or utterances, for example
said, told, thought, and so forth.

EXAMPLES NARRATIVE TEXT

1. DOLPIN AND THE FISHERMAN
One day there was a fisherman fishing in the sea. The fisherman was
fishing alone on his small old boat. That day was not a good day to fish. The
fisherman got none of fish even he had been fishing for several hours.
The fisherman could not stay longer for fishing if there was no fish eating his
bite. He was bored and hungry. But he thought that he had no fish then he
would have no money for his family.He was confused and sad.He prayed to
the God for his lucky. He decided to fish for more few minutes and if he got
none then he would back home soon but if he got one then he would continue
to fish.
After praying, the fisherman changed his bait and fish one more again.
Not too long after he threw his hook, a fish bite his bait. Finally, he got one.
After that he was so lucky, he got more and more fish easily. His boat was
almost full of fish and he could go home and sell the fish.
On the way back, he saw something at the sea surface. It was like a buoy
moved round and round.
The fisherman moved his boat closer to it to see clearly. It was like
what he thought, that thing is a net with the buoy at the surface.
If the buoy was wobbling, there must be some fish trapped at the net.
But whose net was that?
There was no boat except that fisherman at that area. It meant that the net was
a missing net.
The fisherman took that net to see what kind of fish which made the
buoy wobbling. It was a dolphin trapped at that net. What a pity dolphin. It
was a beautiful dolphin with white colour and it was rare kind of dolphin at
that sea. The fisherman took it free. The dolphin looked happy after that. It
swam around the fisherman and jumped three times before it finally leaved
him.
A month after that, the fisherman met that white dolphin at the
different situation. It was a cloudy day and the fisherman was still in the
middle of the sea. The storm would come soon and the fisherman in a hurry
prepared to back home. But it was too late, before the fisherman closed to the
beach the storm was coming. The wave was so high and the fisherman’s boat
was slowly sinking.
 The fisherman could not do anything else except trying to swim. But
he was too old and he could not stand any longer. At that moment the white
dolphin came and saved the fisherman. The storm was over and the fisherman
was already at the beach. He did not remember how he was there but what he
can remember was that the dolphin had saved him. He looked at the middle of
the sea and he saw the white dolphin jumped several times.
2. KANCIL AND THE LION

One day, kancil was so thirsty and wanted to drink to the river.Near the river,
he saw a big lion tried to eat a small rat. The rat was so desperate and could
not do anything.Kancil felt pity about him and he actually was also afraid of
the lion. But kancil had to help the rat.

He thought hardly and he had an idea. He walked closer to the lion and said
hello to them.

Kancil said, “Hi guys, you all looked so happy, what kind of game are you
playing now?”

The Lion said, “How dare you come here small animal, who are you? Oh,
lucky me, I can also eat you now. I’m so hungry.” The lion roared.

Kancil said, “I’m the king in the jungle. I’m not afraid of anything even
human. I will eat everything that made me angry even it is a big animal like
you.”

The lion was a little bit doubt about kancil.

He said, “You are a king? I don’t believe you. How come a small animal like
you become a king? Can you prove me?”
 Kancil said, “Of course you do not know me. You are a new comer here. I am
a king and all animal in this jungle respects me because I am a strong animal
that has no afraid of anything. You can ask that little rat if you do not believe
me.”

The lion said to the rat, “Is that true poor rat?”

The rat already knew that Kancil said a lie and tried to help him.

The rat said, “Yes that is true. He is the king; a very brave king. “

The lion said: “Can you give me a proof? If you lie to me then I will eat you?”

Kancil said, “I eat a lion yesterday and I still save the head in the hole near the
river. So, I am not afraid of you. Follow me to see your friend’s head in the
hole.”

3. THE UGLY DUCKLING

A little duckling was terribly unhappy because he thought he was the

ugliest amongst all his brothers and sisters. They’d not play with him and
titillated the poor ugly duckling. One day, he saw his reflection within the
water and cried, “Nobody likes me. I’m so ugly.” He decided to go away from
home and went far-off into the woods.

Deep within the forest, he saw a cottage in which there lived an old
lady, her hen, and her cat. The duckling stayed with them for a few times
however he was sad there and shortly left. Once the winter set in, the poor
 duckling nearly froze to death. A peasant took him home to his woman and
kids. The poor duckling was afraid of the kids and escaped. The ugly duckling
spent the winter in a very marshy lake.

Finally, spring arrived. One day, the duckling saw a gorgeous swan
swimming within the lake and fell in love with her. Then again he
remembered how everybody made fun of him and he bent his head down in
shame. Once he saw his own reflection in the water he was astonied. He
wasn’t an unsightly duckling any longer, but a handsome young swan! Now,
he knew why he had looked so completely different from his brothers and
sisters. “They were ducklings but I used to be a baby swan!” he said to
himself. He married the gorgeous swan and lived happily ever once.

4. THE SNOW WHITE AND SEVEN DWARFS

One day, there was a queen sitting close to a very stunning window
whereas tailoring and seeing the snow. Accidentally, her finger was cut by a
stitching needle so 3 drops of blood dripped out. The drops of blood fell down
on the snow. The red color of the blood that was stuck within the white of the
snow looked terribly pretty. Suddenly the queen thought “If solely I had a
toddler whose skin was as white as snow and whose lips were as red as
blood”.

As the time glided by, finally a queen gave birth to a really pretty
princess whose skin was as white as snow and whose lips were as red as
blood. The queen grew up as a really pretty and kind-hearted woman. She was
referred to as Snow White. However, once Snow White was regarding
teenagers, the queen died owing to Associate in Nursing sickness. Once the
queen’s death, the king married once more. This new queen was wicked and
despised Snow white. The queen gave orders that Snow White was to be
treated as a servant.
 Everyday the queen stood ahead of her magic mirror while asking
“Who is the most stunning lady within the land?” and also the mirror
continually answered, “You are the foremost stunning one in all all.” The new
queen asked constant questions everyday and also the mirror continuously
answered the constant factor. However one day the mirror answered that the
queen was so stunning however Snow White was rather more stunning than
the queen. It created the queen so angry that she gave orders to at least one of
her Huntsmen to require Snow White into the woods and kill her.

The huntsman had such a short heart that he couldn’t do the deed. He
told her to run away. In her fleeing into the woods, she found an area in which
seven dwarfs lived. Their house was tiny and strange. Snow White entered the
insufficient house and located it terribly untidy. Then, she began to shut down
the whole house. upstairs she found seven very little beds. She was so
exhausted that she stretched on one in all the beds. Shortly then, she was
asleep on the bed.

When the Dwarfs came home they were shocked to seek out Snow
White and after some argument, they set to let her keep. She is secure to cook
and look after them. She lived there happily.

Unfortunately, The Queen discovered the place wherever Snow White

was living and disguising herself as a witch. She then took a poisoned apple
and kicked it off for the Dwarfs bungalow. She gave Snow White the
poisoned apple to eat and as presently as she bit the apple, she sank into a
state of mind.

Thinking she was dead, the Dwarfs engineered a glass coffin and
placed her in it. For days she lay within the forest in her glass coffin. One day,
the prince was riding through the forest searching for Snow White and located
her. He leaned over and kissed her. She opened her eyes and sat up with a
 smile. everybody was happy at that point. The prince took Snow White to his
palace wherever they were married and lived merrily ever once.

5. THE ANT AND THE DOVE

One hot day, an ant was seeking for some water. After walking around
for a moment, she came to a spring. To reach the spring, she had to climb up a
blade of grass. While making her way up, she slipped and fell unintentionally
into the water.

She could have sunk if a dove up a nearby tree had not seen her.
Seeing that the ant was in trouble, the dove quickly put off a leaf from a tree
and dropped it immediately into the water near the struggling ant. Then the
ant moved towards the leaf and climbed up there. Soon it carried her safely to
dry ground.

Not long after at that, there was a hunter nearby who was throwing out
his net towards the dove, hoping to trap it in this way.

Guessing what he should do, the ant quickly bit him on the heel.
Feeling the pain, the hunter dropped his net and the dove flew away
quickly from this net.