Chapter Iii 3.4

CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
This chapter reveals the methods of research to be employed by the
researcher in conducting the study which includes the research design, method
and procedures, respondents of the study, population of the study, research
instrument, that helped the researcher for further data gatherings.
3. 1 Research Design
This study will utilize a qualitative research approach, specifically
focusing on descriptive and comparative analysis. The qualitative approach will
enable in-depth exploration and understanding of the unique terminologies used in
the Subanen Language. This will be used to gather detailed information in
comparing, analyzing, and identifying the variations and similarities in the
terminologies between the two locations.
The researcher will use ethnographic interviews, to conduct interviews
with native Subanen speakers in Salug and Siayan to gather insights about their
language, including terminologies used in various domains such as family, nature,
culture, and everyday life. It also includes observing and recording the language
usage in different contexts and settings to identify specific terminologies and their
usage patterns.
3.2 Research Locale
The researcher will conduct their study in Salug and Siayan Zamboanga
del Norte. These locations provide unique settings to study the Subanen language
and its terminologies. By conducting research in these locales, everyone can
explore the differences in the terminologies used by the Subanen communities in
each area, their distinct cultural, historical, and geographical characteristics.
Salug, Zamboanga del Norte is a municipality located in the province of
Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. It is situated in the northern part of the
province, characterized by lush forest, rivers, and agricultural landscapes. This
community is home to a significant Subanen community, with Subanen language
being spoken by the residents. The community’s cultural practices, traditions, and
historical background contribute to the unique terminologies used in the Subanen
language within this locale.
According to PhilAtlas, its population as determined by the 2020 Census
was 32,134. This represented 3.07% of the total population of Zamboanga del
Norte province, or 0.83% of the overall population of the Zamboanga Peninsula
region. Salug is politically subdivided into 23 barangays.
Siayan, Zamboanga del Norte is a municipality located in the province of
Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. It is situated in the eastern part of the
province, characterized by the mountainous terrain, forest, and agricultural areas.

Siayan is another area where the Subanen language is spoken, with a distinct local
dialect and terminologies. The Subanen community in Siayan has its cultural
heritage and historical influences that shape the language usage in this locale.
Siayan (Siay-Ayan) got its name from the leader of the Subanen tribe that
inhabited the area, The name of his Wife was Siayan and the leader’s nickname
was Ayan. According to PhilAtlas, its population as determined by the 2020
Census was 36,236. This represented 3.46% of the total population of Zamboanga
del Norte province, or 0.93% of the overall population of the Zamboanga
Peninsula region. Siayan is politically subdivided into 22 barangays.
Figure 2. Map of Salug and Siayan, Zamboanga del Norte
3.3 The Participants
The researcher selects and approach participants ethically and respectfully.
Obtain informed consent from all participants and ensure their privacy and
confidentiality throughout the research process. The researcher engaging open and
respectful communications, valuing the participants’ knowledge and contributions

to the study. The 50 participants are selected through random sampling according to
the researchers’ criteria that includes, participants will be individuals who are native
Subanen speakers that have grown up in either Salug and Siayan, have a deep
understanding of the Subanen language, including its vocabulary, grammar, and
cultural nuances. Their expertise can contribute to understanding the significance of
certain terminologies and their usage within the Subanen community.
3.4 Data Gathering
The researcher constructed a questionnaire.to conduct individual
interviews, allowing for open-ended questions to explore their understanding and
usage of terminologies from both Salug and Siaya, Zamboanga del Norte. The
interviews and observations are recorded for accurate data analysis and reference.
The researcher explains to the respondents the importance of their response to the
study.
This study provides an approval letter to the mayors’ office before
conducting a research study to ensure and obtain informed consent from
participants, respect cultural protocols, and maintain ethical guidelines throughout
the data gathering process. The researchers taking diligent notes and record all
data accurately for comprehensive analysis and interpretation.

“The difference between the terminologies of Subanen language speaking
in Salug and Siayan, Zamboanga del Norte.”
Phase 1 Phase 2
Construction of open-ended Construction of open-ended

questionnaire and approval questionnaire and approval
letter/pre-notification letter letter/pre-notification letter
for the respondents. for the respondents.
Presenting approval Presenting approval

letter/pre-notification to the letter/pre-notification to the
qualified respondents from qualified respondents from
Siayan, ZDN. Salug, ZDN.
Presentation of open-ended Presentation of open-ended

questionnaire to the selected questionnaire to the selected
qualified respondents. qualified respondents.
Tallying/compiling of data Tallying/compiling of data

gathered from Siayan, gathered from Salug,
Zamboanga del Norte. Zamboanga del Norte.
Data analyzing

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CHAPTER III

This chapter reveals the methods of research to be employed by the

and procedures, respondents of the study, population of the study, research

instrument, that helped the researcher for further data gatherings.

This study will utilize a qualitative research approach, specifically

focusing on descriptive and comparative analysis. The qualitative approach will

enable in-depth exploration and understanding of the unique terminologies used in

the Subanen Language. This will be used to gather detailed information in

comparing, analyzing, and identifying the variations and similarities in the

terminologies between the two locations.

The researcher will use ethnographic interviews, to conduct interviews

language, including terminologies used in various domains such as family, nature,

and its terminologies. By conducting research in these locales, everyone can

explore the differences in the terminologies used by the Subanen communities in

each area, their distinct cultural, historical, and geographical characteristics.

Salug, Zamboanga del Norte is a municipality located in the province of

Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. It is situated in the northern part of the

province, characterized by lush forest, rivers, and agricultural landscapes. This

community is home to a significant Subanen community, with Subanen language

historical background contribute to the unique terminologies used in the Subanen

language within this locale.

According to PhilAtlas, its population as determined by the 2020 Census

Norte province, or 0.83% of the overall population of the Zamboanga Peninsula

region. Salug is politically subdivided into 23 barangays.

Siayan, Zamboanga del Norte is a municipality located in the province of

Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. It is situated in the eastern part of the

province, characterized by the mountainous terrain, forest, and agricultural areas.

was Ayan. According to PhilAtlas, its population as determined by the 2020

del Norte province, or 0.93% of the overall population of the Zamboanga

Peninsula region. Siayan is politically subdivided into 22 barangays.

Figure 2. Map of Salug and Siayan, Zamboanga del Norte

3.3 The Participants

The researcher selects and approach participants ethically and respectfully.

respectful communications, valuing the participants’ knowledge and contributions

understanding of the Subanen language, including its vocabulary, grammar, and

cultural nuances. Their expertise can contribute to understanding the significance of

certain terminologies and their usage within the Subanen community.

3.4 Data Gathering

The researcher constructed a questionnaire.to conduct individual

interviews, allowing for open-ended questions to explore their understanding and

This study provides an approval letter to the mayors’ office before

conducting a research study to ensure and obtain informed consent from

participants, respect cultural protocols, and maintain ethical guidelines throughout

data accurately for comprehensive analysis and interpretation.

Construction of open-ended Construction of open-ended

Presenting approval Presenting approval

Presentation of open-ended Presentation of open-ended

Tallying/compiling of data Tallying/compiling of data

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